Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Integrated traceability systems on the agro-food chain based on the concept "fromconsumer to producer" to ensure productsafety and guarantee its origin
Contract ADER 14.2.1./2015
Contractor: NATIONAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE FOR
FOOD BIORESOURCES – IBA Bucharest
Partner P1: ASSOCIATION „FOOD SAFETY EXPERTS BODY” – CESA
Contractor: NATIONAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE FOR FOOD BIORESOURCES –
IBA Bucharest
General objective: 14 – Improving nutrition and
humans health
Name/code of the
project
85/ADER 14.2.1.
Contract: ADER 14.2.1./2015 Additional act: 1, 2 and 3/2016, 4/2017,
5/2018
Starting date:
06.10.2015
Ending date:
31.10.2018
Duration (months): 37
Project title: ’’SISTEME INTEGRATE DE TRASABILITATE PE LANȚUL
AGROALIMENTAR PE BAZA CONCEPTULUI „DE LA CONSUMATOR LA
PRODUCĂTOR” PENTRU A ASIGURA SIGURANȚA PRODUSULUI ȘI A
GARANTA ORIGINEA ACESTUIA’’
Contact person (Project manager):
Ph.D. Gabriel Sorin Mustățea
Contact (Tel/Fax, e-mail): 0762675684,
❑ Investigation of potential carcinogenic contaminants from environment (water and soil) and food
products of vegetal origin, in Bucharest-Ilfov region;
❑ Investigation of potential carcinogenic contaminants from environment (water and soil), feed and food
products of animal origin, in Bucharest-Ilfov region;
❑ Surveillance and monitoring of some potential carcinogenic contaminants from several food products
of vegetal and animal origin (raw and/or processed) from Bucharest-Ilfov region market;
❑ Initiation and organization of a surveillance and monitoring program of potential carcinogenic
contaminants in production of vegetal and animal raw materials as well as their processing to
consumers. Proposal of improved agrifood policies.
Project objectives:
❑ Program for the surveillance and monitoring of carcinogenic potential contaminants in the production
of vegetable and animal raw materials, vegetal food and animal food products
❑ Database on contaminants of vegetable and animal raw materials
❑ Database on contaminants of vegetable and animal food products
❑ Increasing consumer awareness of the link between health and healthy eating
❑ Increased income for processors of animal and non-animal agricultural products
Outcomes expected to achieve the objectives
The expected
results are:Methodologies for the selection of products of vegetal origin;
Chemical analyzes for detecting potential carcinogenic contaminants;
Informative materials
The results
obtained:
Methodologies for the selection of products of vegetal origin, based on the
statistics on the degree of cultivation with vegetables and fruits of the agricultural
land in the Bucharest-Ilfov region and on the consumption of these products among
the inhabitants of this area;
Chemical analyzes for detecting potential carcinogenic contaminants (heavy
metals: Cd, Cr, Pb, As, Ni) from vegetable products (fruit and vegetables: apples,
plums, pears, potatoes, tomatoes, yellow pepper, red pepper, green pepper) with an
impact on the agri-food markets in the Bucharest-Ilfov region;
Informative materials on: the incidence of cancer in Romania and worldwide,
localized forms of cancer (anatomical site), the most prevalent 5 forms of
worldwide cancer.
Phase I (deadline 15.12.2015)
Phase I – Conclusions (1)
❑ Geographic and demographic characterization of Bucharest-Ilfov region was performed;
❑ Agricultural potential of the region was presented;
❑ The economic environment of the Bucharest-Ilfov region is particularly attractive due to the existing
institutional structure, the skilled workforce and the more developed communication system than in other
regions of the country, so that the volume of foreign direct investment attracted represents almost two-thirds
of the total foreign direct investment at national level;
❑ Fruits and vegetables production in Bucharest-Ilfov region, between was dominated by tomatoes and onion
(vegetables) and apples, pears and plums (fruits);
❑ Recently, environmental pollution with heavy metals has attracted attention because of the particularly
complex problems raised by this phenomenon, since most heavy metals are not found in soluble form in
water or, if they really exist, the chemical species in question are complexed with organic or inorganic
ligands, which radically influences their toxicity;
❑ Heavy metal contamination of food products of vegetal origin is made from soil and atmosphere, especially
when crops are closed to urban waste water, intensely circulated streets, etc.
❑ Naturally, in the soil, metals are found to be in relatively small concentrations but can occur in high
concentrations with toxic potential as a result of anthropogenic and, above all, uncontrolled activities.
Phase I – Conclusions (2)
❑ The surface cultivated with vegetables was 3.25% of the total arable land cultivated in 2011 and is almost
similar to that of the European Union, with the difference that, now, in Romania, the consumption needs are
not yet, provided from internal resources;
❑ Bucharest-Ilfov region is an area where vegetables are intense grown. In 2014, in Bucharest-Ilfov region
were grown 2.25% of the total vegetables grown in the field in the whole country and 9.36% of the total
vegetables grown in greenhouses;
❑ Were analyzed: 3 types of fruits (apples, plums and pears - 6 samples) and 9 types of vegetables (potatoes,
tomatoes, cabbage, carrot, onion, red onion, yellow bell pepper, red bell pepper and green bell pepper – 15
samples), cultivated in Ilfov County, but also in neighboring counties;
❑ The above mentioned samples were analyzed for potential carcinogenic heavy metals content (Cd, Cr, Pb,
As and Ni);
❑ The obtained results were compared with the maximum allowed limits stated by Regulation (EU) no.
1881/2006, CODEX STAN 193-1995 Standard and GB 2762-2012 Standard;
Phase I – Conclusions (3)
❑ Cadmium content of analyzed samples was very low, the obtained values being well below the maximum
allowed limit;
❑ For arsenic and nickel content there are no imposed limits at European level; Pentru conţinutul de arsen,
crom și nichel nu există limite impuse la nivel european; however, an extremely high content of nickel (7.5
mg/kg) was obtained for green bell pepper sample (Falascoaca), suggesting a possible contamination;
❑ IARC classifies carcinogenic substances in 5 groups: Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans; Group 2A:
Probably carcinogenic to humans; Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans; Group 3: Not classifiable
as to its carcinogenicity to humans; Group 4: Probably not carcinogenic to humans;
❑ The most frequent 5 types of cancers, globally, are: Lung cancer (1.8 million new cases diagnosed in
2012), Breast cancer (1.7 million new cases diagnosed in 2012), Colorectal cancer (1.4 million new cases
diagnosed in 2012), Prostate cancer (1.1 million new cases diagnosed in 2012) and Stomach cancer
(952,000 new cases diagnosed in 2012).
The expected
results are:Methodologies for the selection of products of animal origin;
Chemical analyzes for detecting potential carcinogenic contaminants;
Informative materials
The results
obtained:Methodologies for selecting products of animal origin, based on the statistics on
the zootechnical potential of the Bucharest-Ilfov region and the consumption of these
products among the inhabitants of this area.
Chemical analyzes for detecting potential carcinogenic contaminants: heavy
metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, As, Ni), mycotoxins (aflatoxin M1, total aflatoxins, ochratoxin
A), nitrites and nitrates, pesticides from animal products (milk, meat) with impact on
the agri-food markets in the Bucharest-Ilfov region.
Informative materials on the consumption of food products of animal origin in
Romania and in the Bucharest-Ilfov region.
Poster.
Article
Phase II (deadline 01.11.2016)
❑ Geographic and demographic characterization of Bucharest-Ilfov region was performed;
❑ Zootechnic potential of the region was presented;
❑ Data regarding food products of animal origin consumption both at national and regional level (Bucharest-
Ilfov) were presented;
❑ Animal production between 2005-2015 in Bucharest—Ilfov region indicated a pass from large livestock
farming to small livestock farming. The number of cattle and pigs decreased during the specified period;
❑ Meat consumption in Romania maintained under EU average, being of approx.. 60 kg. The main type of
meat consumed in Romania is pork (29 kg per year/inhabitant), followed by poultry (20.1 kg per
year/inhabitant) and beef (5.6 kg per year/inhabitant);
❑ In all industrialized countries, the pollution problem has become a major concern with important socio-
political implications, being considered a barrier to economic and social development, drawing attention
that natural, material and energetic resources are not inexhaustible;
❑ A short review of potential carcinogenic contaminants was performed according to IARC (International
Agency for Research on Cancer);
Phase II – Conclusions (1)
❑ Regarding food contamination were identified 8 critical points on the food chain, based on a study
performed by Piața Magazine (www.revista-piata.ro): 1. Animal feed; 2. Farms; 3. Collcting products (from
individual producers or farms); 4. Slaughterhouses; 5. Processors (especially milk and meat); 6. Stores; 7.
Human factor; 8. Black market.
❑ Livestock production is a traditional activity in Romania;
❑ 24 samples of milk, meat and eggs were analyzed, as follows: 8 samples of fresh milk, 8 samples of fresh
eggs, 3 samples of poultry meat, 3 samples of pork meat and 2 samples of beef meat;
❑ Samples were bought from hypermarkets in southern Bucharest;
❑ Samples were analyzed in terms of potential carcinogenic contaminants: heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, As and
Ni), mycotoxins (aflatoxin M1, total aflatoxins, ochratoxin A), nitrites/nitrates and pesticides;
❑ The obtained results were compared with the maximum allowed limits stated by Regulation (EU) no.
1881/2006 and CODEX STAN 193-1995;
Phase II – Conclusions (2)
❑ Analyzed products are safe for consumption in terms of potential carcinogenic heavy metals content;
❑ Mycotoxins content was also not detectable, products being also safe for consumption from this point of
view;
❑ Analyzed products are also safe for consumption in terms of nitrites and nitrates content;
❑ Pesticides content was, for all samples, bellow quantification limit, which is between 0.005 and 0.020
mg/kg; the results are according to Regulation (CE) no. 396/2005;
❑ Main conclusion, based on the results of chemical analyses, is that selected and analyzed products are safe
for consumption in terms of potential carconigenic contaminants (heavy metals, mycotoxins,
nitrites/nitrates and pesticides).
Phase II – Conclusions (3)
The expected
results are:
Methodologies for selecting products of vegetable and animal origin in the
markets
Chemical analyzes for detecting potential carcinogenic contaminants
Informative materials
The results
obtained:
Methodologies for selecting products of vegetal and animal origin, based on
statistics on the consumption of these products among the inhabitants of the
Bucharest-Ilfov region.
Chemical analyzes for the detection of potential carcinogenic contaminants,
such as heavy metals (Pb and Cd) from 70 animal and vegetable products with
impact in the Bucharest-Ilfov region.
Informative materials on the consumption of food products of vegetable and
animal origin in Romania and the Bucharest-Ilfov region.
Poster.
Oral presentation.
Phase III (deadline 31.10.2017)
❑ Short introduction regarding toxic effects of heavy metals on human body;
❑ Theoretical aspects regarding main diseases generated by heavy metals accumulation (Pb and Cd);
❑ Legislation regarding heavy metals (lead and cadmium);
❑ Regulation (EC) no. 1881/2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs;
❑ Regulation (EC) no. 333/2007 laying down the methods of sampling and analysis for the official control of
the levels of lead, cadmium, mercury, inorganic tin, 3-MCPD and benzo(a)pyrene in foodstuffs;
❑ Codex STAN 193-1995 „General Standard for contaminants and toxins in food and feed”;
❑ In Romania, a significant increase in consumption of fruit, meat and meat products, fish and non-alcoholic
beverages in observed in 2015 compared to 2011 and a decrease in the consumption of cereals, potatoes and
vegetables;
❑ At the Bucharest-Ilfov region is recorded the lowest daily calories consumption per person in all regions of
the country, while the highest calories consumption is found in the West Region;
❑ Bread and bakery consumption in Bucharest-Ilfov region is the lowest, being of approx. 78% of average
consumption per country;
❑ Corn bread consumption is also low in the Bucharest-Ilfov region, below the national average, but close to
regions such as West, Northwest and Center;
Phase III – Conclusions (1)
❑ When talking about meat, Bucharest-Ilfov region is on the first place, with an average consumption of
118% reported to country average;
❑ Fresh fruits consumption is also the highest in Bucharest-Ilfov region, being of about 124% of average
consumption per country;
❑ Corn production in Bucharest-Ilfov region doubled in 2016 compared to 2012, reaching 0.45% of the
country average production;
❑ 70 samples were analyzed from the following categories: Meat, meat products, fish; Bread and bakery
products; Fruits and processed vegetables based products, cereals and flours in terms of heavy metals
content (lead and cadmium);
❑ Results were compared, where the case, with maximum allowed limits from Regulation (EU) no.
1881/2006;
❑ Lead content was below maximum allowed limit of 0.1 mg/kg; the same was obtained for cadmium;
❑ Analyzed meat samples had very low content of heavy metals: Pb content was below detection limit while
Cd content was 25 times lower than maximum allowed limit; For the chicken breast bacon sample, the
amount of Pb (0.096 mg/kg) is closed to maxim allowed limit (0.1 mg/kg), raising questions about a
possible contamination;
Phase III – Conclusions (2)
❑ Bread samples had low content of Pb and Cd;
❑ Pb analysis of biscuits samples showed low values for 8 of 10 samples. The other two samples had an
extremely high Pb content, even higher than maximum allowed limit for cereals;
❑ Pb and Cd content of bakery samples were slightly higher than bread samples; however, the values are low;
❑ Pb and Cd content in fruits and vegetables based products were also extrmeely low;
❑ Pb content was low for all flour samples, excepting KLC 650 (IV_A12) which had a value of 0.235 mg/kg
which is higher even than maximum allowed limit for wheat.
❑ Pb and Cd content in wheat samples where bellow maxim allowed limit (0,2 mg/kg); regarding Pb content,
it can be observed the higher content of 2016 harvested samples compared with 2017 ones; Cd content was
similar;
❑ The values for Pb and Cd in cereal based samples were low.
Phase III – Conclusions (3)
The expected
results are:Methodologies for selection of products of animal origin
Chemical analyzes to detect potentially oncogenic contaminants
Proposal for surveillance and monitoring program
The results
obtained:Methodologies for selecting products of animal origin (dairy products), based
on statistics on the consumption of these products among the inhabitants of the
Bucharest-Ilfov region.
Chemical analyzes for the detection of potential oncogene contaminants, such
as heavy metals (Pb and Cd), from dairy products (cheeses) available on the
Bucharest-Ilfov market.
Proposal Program for the surveillance and monitoring of carcinogenic
potential contaminants in the production of vegetable and animal raw
materials and their processing to consumers, the main objective of which is to
prevent the risk of contamination of the food chain and to ensure consumer health.
Phase IV (deadline 31.10.2018)
❑ Healthy diet requires a balance of hygienic and nutritional habits;
❑ Food pollution with heavy metal has become an inevitable issue of these days;
❑ Metals can change their chemical form but can not be removed or destroyed, which means they are
persistent in the environment and can bioaccumulate in the plant and livestock;
❑ Assessing the risks arising from exposure to toxic metals is an important issue for the protection of public
health;
❑ There has been a progressive increase over the past four years in the production of drinking milk, acidified
milk (yogurt, etc.) and cheeses, while butter production remained at the same level;
❑ Exports of bulk milk, yogurt and buttermilk, cheese, milk and cream packaging increased from year to year;
❑ Imports of milk and dairy products have increased significantly in recent years, with bulk milk being seen
to double the quantity imported in 2017 as compared to 2014, a phenomenon also observed in the case of
cheese, cream and butter;
❑ The main cheese-importing countries from Romania remained Greece and Italy, consolidating their first
two positions since 2014;
❑ The Bucharest-Ilfov region recorded a monthly average milk consumption (in the first quarter of 2018)
above the country average (1,604 kg);
Phase IV – Conclusions (1)
❑ The methodologies that underpin the selection of the products that were analyzed were presented;
❑ For analysis were selected cheese and pressed cheese samples (13 samples), representing a segment of dairy
products that in the Bucharest-Ilfov region had a consumption above the monthly average in the country;
❑ Samples were purchased from hypermarkets in Bucharest;
❑ For each sample, potential carcinogenic heavy metals (Pb and Cd) content was analyzed;
❑ Analysis were performed using GF-AAS spectrometry; sample preparation was performed using
microwave assisted wet digestion;
❑ The determined Cd content recorded extremely low values for all analyzed samples, with no significant
differences between categories. The values were between 0.001 and 0.003 mg/kg, only one sample had a
higher value 0.008 mg/kg;
❑ Pb content values were slightly higher than cadmium; all values were below 0.020 mg/kg (maximuym
allowed limit stated by Regulation (EC) no. 1881/2006);
❑ Pb content in pressed cheese samples were slightly higher than the values for cheese samples;
Phase IV – Conclusions (2)
❑ It was proposed a program of surveillance and monitoring of potentially carcinogenic contaminants in the
production of vegetable and animal raw materials and their processing to consumers, which aims to prevent
the risk of contamination of the food chain and ensure consumer health;
❑ The program aims to support the MADR by generating information on carcinogenic potential contaminants
in both raw materials (plant and animal) and processed foods;
❑ Implementation of this Program will in no way affect the smooth running of existing programs, and will be
done by MADR, in close connection with ANSVSA and ANPC;
❑ It is recommended to identify as many as possible accredited laboratories capable of carrying out the
required analyzes, laboratories that have national coverage (one laboratory, at least at the level of each
development region, to provide the results obtained to the competent department within the MADR).
Phase IV – Conclusions (3)
