New Developments in the Hellenic Cadastre

Prof. M. KavourasProf. M. KavourasVice-presidentVice-president

Ktimatologio S.A. (Hellenic Cadastre)Ktimatologio S.A. (Hellenic Cadastre)

The Hellenic CadastreThe Hellenic Cadastre

Background

The Hellenic National Cadastre

Organizational and institutional infrastructure

Current state

New developments in the Hellenic Cadastre

The Hellenic CadastreThe Hellenic Cadastre

Background

The Hellenic National Cadastre

Organizational and institutional infrastructure

Current state

New developments in the Hellenic Cadastre

The Registrations and Mortgages System

The Registrations and Mortgages System

Greece is operating under the French-originated Greece is operating under the French-originated system of system of registrations and mortgagesregistrations and mortgages. .

Each personal record lists all the real property Each personal record lists all the real property transactions performed by a single person in a given transactions performed by a single person in a given area (person-centered system). area (person-centered system).

The institution of the registrations and mortgages The institution of the registrations and mortgages system ensures the publicity of the registrations, but it system ensures the publicity of the registrations, but it does not provide legal security of the registered does not provide legal security of the registered ownership rightsownership rights

Because the system is organized around the persons, it Because the system is organized around the persons, it does not offer the capability of identifying the owner of does not offer the capability of identifying the owner of a particular real property which is observed in the field. a particular real property which is observed in the field.

Problems of the existing system

Problems of the existing system

The lack of legal titles of a great number of real The lack of legal titles of a great number of real properties properties

The State does not know its real estate assetsThe State does not know its real estate assetsThe lack of legal security in real estate transactionsThe lack of legal security in real estate transactionsThe intense migration from the rural and The intense migration from the rural and

mountainous areas which caused many properties mountainous areas which caused many properties to be abandoned, forgotten, encroached or disputedto be abandoned, forgotten, encroached or disputed

The difficulty to locate land parcels in rural areasThe difficulty to locate land parcels in rural areasThe existence of customary ownership rights in The existence of customary ownership rights in

specific areas of the countryspecific areas of the country

The Hellenic CadastreThe Hellenic Cadastre

BackgroundBackground

The Hellenic National CadastreThe Hellenic National Cadastre

Organizational and institutional Organizational and institutional infrastructureinfrastructure

Current stateCurrent state

New developments in the Hellenic CadastreNew developments in the Hellenic Cadastre

MissionMission

Develop a uniform, systematic and always up-Develop a uniform, systematic and always up-to-date collection of registrations, which to-date collection of registrations, which consist of the geometric description and the consist of the geometric description and the ownership status of all the real properties of ownership status of all the real properties of the country, overseen and guaranteed by the the country, overseen and guaranteed by the State. State.

In addition, the Hellenic Cadastre may serve In addition, the Hellenic Cadastre may serve as a source of valuable information that can be as a source of valuable information that can be used for the development of the country.used for the development of the country.

Legal frameworkLegal framework

Constitution (amendment)Constitution (amendment)

Law 2308/1995 (Cadastral Law 2308/1995 (Cadastral surveys)surveys)

Law 2508/1997Law 2508/1997

Law 2664/1998 (Operation Law 2664/1998 (Operation of the cadastre, forest of the cadastre, forest maps)maps)

Law Law 2971/20012971/2001 (Coastal (Coastal zones)zones)

Law 3127/2003Law 3127/2003

The Hellenic CadastreThe Hellenic Cadastre

BackgroundBackground

The Hellenic National CadastreThe Hellenic National Cadastre

Organizational and institutional Organizational and institutional infrastructureinfrastructure

Current stateCurrent state

New developments in the Hellenic CadastreNew developments in the Hellenic Cadastre

Hellenic Mapping and Cadastral Organization (Law 1647/86)

Hellenic Mapping and Cadastral Organization (Law 1647/86)

The Purpose of HEMCO:The development, maintenance and

update of a cadastre in Greece. The geodetic and mapping coverage of the

country. The inventory and mapping of the natural

resources. The creation of a land and environment

data repository.

KTIMATOLOGIO SAKTIMATOLOGIO SA

KTIMATOLOGIO SA is a private company with sole shareholder KTIMATOLOGIO SA is a private company with sole shareholder the Minister of Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works.the Minister of Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works.

The company was established in 1996.The company was established in 1996.The mission of the Company is to:The mission of the Company is to:

plan, develop and operate the National Cadastreplan, develop and operate the National Cadastreassign to third parties the planning and development as well as assign to third parties the planning and development as well as

the extension of the National Cadastre program and the the extension of the National Cadastre program and the supervision and guidance of the execution of the relevant supervision and guidance of the execution of the relevant contracts, the control of the relevant studies and the necessary contracts, the control of the relevant studies and the necessary supplies.supplies.

undertake the execution of the contracts for the development undertake the execution of the contracts for the development of the Cadastre assigned by HEMCO. of the Cadastre assigned by HEMCO.

proceed to administrative, financial and technical activities proceed to administrative, financial and technical activities which are necessary for the implementation of Cadastral which are necessary for the implementation of Cadastral program.program.

provide counseling to HEMCO and propositions on issues provide counseling to HEMCO and propositions on issues related to the above.related to the above.

Current state (1)Current state (1)

Since the beginning of the project, cadastral Since the beginning of the project, cadastral surveys have started for 340 municipalities surveys have started for 340 municipalities covering about 8.500 kmcovering about 8.500 km22..

The cadastral surveys have been completed for The cadastral surveys have been completed for 165 municipalities out of 340 (reference date 165 municipalities out of 340 (reference date 23.05.2005).23.05.2005).

For the majority of the remaining For the majority of the remaining municipalities over 90% of the work has been municipalities over 90% of the work has been completed.completed.

By the first semester of 2006, the remaining By the first semester of 2006, the remaining cadastral surveys will be completed.cadastral surveys will be completed.

Establish, coordinate and manage the interim Establish, coordinate and manage the interim cadastral offices cadastral offices

So far 62 interim cadastral offices have been So far 62 interim cadastral offices have been established which are serving 165 municipalities established which are serving 165 municipalities (reference date 23.05.2005)(reference date 23.05.2005)

Operating through “Operating through “ΣΠΕΚΣΠΕΚ” (Information System for ” (Information System for the Hellenic Cadastre)the Hellenic Cadastre)

Current state (2)Current state (2)

New developments in the Hellenic Cadastre

New developments in the Hellenic Cadastre

3rd Community Support Framework3rd Community Support FrameworkExperience from the cadastral pilot Experience from the cadastral pilot projectsprojects

Ways to address the identified problemsWays to address the identified problemsGoals of the proposed OPGoals of the proposed OPBasic Choices Basic Choices Actions included in the OP Actions included in the OP Budget of the Operational PlanBudget of the Operational PlanSummarySummary

Long term planningLong term planningConclusionsConclusions

3rd Community Support Framework

3rd Community Support Framework

The operational planThe operational plan “ “Data and IT Infrastructure for Data and IT Infrastructure for

a Modern Cadastrea Modern Cadastre”” has been included for funding in has been included for funding in

the Operational Program «the Operational Program «Information SocietyInformation Society» of the » of the

3rd CSF3rd CSF

It does not include activities of cadastral surveyIt does not include activities of cadastral survey

It has a budget of It has a budget of about 8about 80.000.000 euros (without the 0.000.000 euros (without the

VAT)VAT)

The actions will be cofinanced by the European The actions will be cofinanced by the European

Commission and the Greek State at a rate of 50%-50%Commission and the Greek State at a rate of 50%-50%

Experience from the cadastral pilot projectsExperience from the cadastral pilot projects

The pilot cadastral projects faced considerable delay in their implementation and The pilot cadastral projects faced considerable delay in their implementation and overruns in their budgets among other reasons for the following:overruns in their budgets among other reasons for the following:

External data External data had to be incorporated in the main process of the cadastral had to be incorporated in the main process of the cadastral survey.survey.

Our contractors had to execute Our contractors had to execute a wide range of activitiesa wide range of activities for a relatively for a relatively small areasmall area..

The technology that was used did not allow for considerable The technology that was used did not allow for considerable economies of economies of scalescale to be achieved. to be achieved.

The amount of work that had to be conducted in the context of a cadastral The amount of work that had to be conducted in the context of a cadastral survey could not be accurately estimated in advance since considerable survey could not be accurately estimated in advance since considerable parameters of the work (e.g. number of rights to be registered) could not parameters of the work (e.g. number of rights to be registered) could not be reliably estimated.be reliably estimated.

Ways to address the identified problems Ways to address the identified problems

The activities that have to be completed in the context of a cadastral survey can The activities that have to be completed in the context of a cadastral survey can be classified into three main categories:be classified into three main categories:

Activities that must be performed at a Activities that must be performed at a local levellocal level which mainly pertain the which mainly pertain the collection and processing from a technical and a legal standpoint of the real collection and processing from a technical and a legal standpoint of the real estate rights to be registered in the cadastre.estate rights to be registered in the cadastre.

The activities that can be performed The activities that can be performed horizontally at a national levelhorizontally at a national level in in order to achieve economies of scale.order to achieve economies of scale.

The activities that must be performed The activities that must be performed before the cadastral surveybefore the cadastral survey in order in order to reduce the uncertainties and facilitate the works of the cadastral survey.to reduce the uncertainties and facilitate the works of the cadastral survey.

This OP addresses activities that fall in the last two categories.This OP addresses activities that fall in the last two categories.

Goals of the proposed OPGoals of the proposed OP

This Operational Plan aims at:This Operational Plan aims at: overcoming the difficulties that arose during the overcoming the difficulties that arose during the

implementation of the pilot programs by providing implementation of the pilot programs by providing in time, in time, reliable and directly usablereliable and directly usable information in order to reduce information in order to reduce the risk and simplify the main work of the cadastral survey.the risk and simplify the main work of the cadastral survey.

creating the creating the data and IT infrastructuredata and IT infrastructure which will enable which will enable the the interoperabilityinteroperability and the and the data exchangedata exchange between between Ktimatologio and all parties involved in the development and Ktimatologio and all parties involved in the development and operation of the cadastre.operation of the cadastre.

Basic Choices - 1Basic Choices - 1

The execution of works at a national scale allows for:The execution of works at a national scale allows for:

> economies of scaleeconomies of scale

> application of better technological approaches application of better technological approaches

> information will be become available even for areas that information will be become available even for areas that will undergo cadastral survey much later in time creating will undergo cadastral survey much later in time creating an infrastructure that can significantly contribute to the an infrastructure that can significantly contribute to the protection of the environment.protection of the environment.

> Collection of data that will enable the provision of modern Collection of data that will enable the provision of modern information services for the whole country.information services for the whole country.

Address the needs of other State Agencies without deviating Address the needs of other State Agencies without deviating from the goals of the Hellenic Cadastre.from the goals of the Hellenic Cadastre.

Basic Choices - 2Basic Choices - 2

Higher degree of internal standardization will be enforced Higher degree of internal standardization will be enforced which will ensurewhich will ensure

> better prices from our contractors better prices from our contractors

> smoother transfer and incorporation of collected data smoother transfer and incorporation of collected data in the cadastral databases in the cadastral databases

> Simpler approaches in project management and Simpler approaches in project management and controlcontrol

This will be achieved by maximizing the use of common:This will be achieved by maximizing the use of common:

> ConceptsConcepts

> Methods andMethods and

> Technical specificationsTechnical specifications

Actions included in the OP - 1Actions included in the OP - 1

Priority 1. The modernization of the Geodetic NetworkPriority 1. The modernization of the Geodetic NetworkMeasure 1 HEPOSMeasure 1 HEPOS

Priority 2 Digitalization and conversion of existing registersPriority 2 Digitalization and conversion of existing registersMeasure 1 Land Redistribution and Land ConsolidationMeasure 1 Land Redistribution and Land ConsolidationMeasure 2 Special CadastresMeasure 2 Special CadastresMeasure 3 Digital database of “active titles” in Mortgage Measure 3 Digital database of “active titles” in Mortgage

Offices of urban centersOffices of urban centers

Actions included in the OP - 2Actions included in the OP - 2Priority 3 Creating base data sets for the whole CountryPriority 3 Creating base data sets for the whole Country

Measure 1 Urban very large scale true-ortho imageryMeasure 1 Urban very large scale true-ortho imageryMeasure 2 National 1/5000 color ortho-imageryMeasure 2 National 1/5000 color ortho-imagery

Priority 4 Collecting evidence for the land registration processPriority 4 Collecting evidence for the land registration processMeasure 1 Forest delineationMeasure 1 Forest delineationMeasure 2 Base mapping for coastal zone delineationMeasure 2 Base mapping for coastal zone delineation

Priority 5 Optimizing the IT systemPriority 5 Optimizing the IT systemMeasure 1. Modernization of Ktimatologio IT infrastructure Measure 1. Modernization of Ktimatologio IT infrastructure

MISMISData center and disaster recovery centerData center and disaster recovery centerNetwork and security infrastructure establishmentNetwork and security infrastructure establishment

Measure 2. Web Services for data setsMeasure 2. Web Services for data setsMeasure 3. Web Services for new cadastral surveysMeasure 3. Web Services for new cadastral surveys

KT’s contribution to a NSDIKT’s contribution to a NSDI

Land Consolidation, Land Redistribution

Acts

Basemaps for coastal zones

Delineation of forested areas

VLS Orthophotos for urban areas

LS Orthophotos for the whole Country

Special Cadastres “Active title” database

IT infrastructure

HEPOS

Budget of the Operational PlanBudget of the Operational Plan

S/N Action Budget (euros)

1. HEPOS 4.500.000

4. Land consolidation and land redistribution acts 1.900.000

5. Digitization of existing cadastres 2.300.000

6.Creation of a Digital database of active titles in the Mortgage Offices of urban centers 35.000.000

7. Urban very large scale true-ortho imagery 3.200.000

8. National 1/5000 color ortho-imagery 6.300.000

9. Forest delineation 8.300.000

10. Base mapping for coastal zone delineation 3.400.000

11. Modernization of Ktimatologio IT infrastructure 10.300.000

12. Web Services for the collected data sets 1.070.000

13 Web Services for new cadastral surveys 3.400.000

 Total  79.670.000

SummarySummary

The proposed OP does not contradict or modify the mission The proposed OP does not contradict or modify the mission and the procedures of developing Cadastre in Greece as these and the procedures of developing Cadastre in Greece as these are described in the Greek Cadastral Legislation. It introduces are described in the Greek Cadastral Legislation. It introduces a new management approach in the Project which aims at a new management approach in the Project which aims at overcoming the shortcomings of the past, as well as overcoming the shortcomings of the past, as well as strengthening and securing the Project by taking advantage of strengthening and securing the Project by taking advantage of modern technologies and economies of scale.modern technologies and economies of scale.

Table of ContentsTable of Contents

3rd Community Support Framework3rd Community Support FrameworkExperience from the cadastral pilot Experience from the cadastral pilot projectsprojects

Ways to address the identified problemsWays to address the identified problemsGoals of the proposed OPGoals of the proposed OPBasic Choices Basic Choices Actions included in the OP Actions included in the OP Budget of the Operational PlanBudget of the Operational PlanSummarySummary

Long term planningLong term planningConclusionsConclusions

Long term PlanningLong term Planning

What remains to be done:What remains to be done:Develop cadastre for the rest of the Country:Develop cadastre for the rest of the Country:

~123.000 sq. km~123.000 sq. km~28.500.000 real property rights~28.500.000 real property rights

How: How: Existing cadastral legislation (l.2308/1995 and l. Existing cadastral legislation (l.2308/1995 and l. 2664/1998, as they have been modified by 2664/1998, as they have been modified by 3127/2003) with minor adjustments if needed.3127/2003) with minor adjustments if needed.

New management approaches to incorporate new New management approaches to incorporate new technologies and reduce the overall cost.technologies and reduce the overall cost.

ConclusionsConclusions

The operating Cadastre must establish itself as an institutionally strong, always up-to-date and always improving system which will guarantee real estate rights throughout the Country and will be fully trusted by the Greek citizens for their real estate transactions as well as the Greek State for the development of the Country.

Research Topics (1)Research Topics (1)

ONTOLOGICALCadastral conceptsWhat defines land property? What is guaranteed?Identity and spatial change Boundaries in cadastre

SPATIAL REFERENCE - MOTIONMoving parcels and boundaries 4D coordinates (HEPOS) – reference “without”

coordinates?3D cadastre

INTEROPERABILITY – INTEGRATIONIntegration of different “cadastral” systems (Dodecanese

cadastre, fiscal “cadastre”, previous specs, etc.)Harmonization of European cadastres – is it possible?

Research Topics (2)Research Topics (2)

DETERMINING AND RESOLVING CONFLICTSSpatial conflictsThematic conflictsDetermine procedures for settling conflicts Formalize legal content

VISUALISATION - SPATIALIZATION3D propertyLand parcel historyMoving parcels and boundaries