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7/26/2019 New Dams in Northern Sudan - Alternative Solutions
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Ahmed Elsheikh, Osama Ali , Musa Ahmed, and Manahil Ahmed
The Nubia Voice Conference, Philadelphia, PA
May 28-29/201
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3
Africa
USA
! "#2$8 %ile& lon'
! The Nile ba&incoun(rie& include)urundi, Con'o,
*'yp(, *ri(rea,*(hiopia, +enya,anda, .ou(h.udan, .udan,Tanania, 'anda
0
1,000
2,000
,000
#,000$,000
LengthinMiles
AmazonMississippi Nile
8b
>11>60
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1. Hydroo!er
Cheap ener'y
Clean ener'y
4
h((p//&3h&&(a(ic3co%/'if/hydropoer-plan(-par(&3'if
h((p//cdn23your&(ory3co%/p-con(en(/upload&/201$/08/your&(ory-reneable-ener'y34p'
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". #lood $ontrol
5lood effec(& reduc(ion
6and i%pro7e%en(
5
h((p&//3o3'o7/con&er7a(ion/A'ency:i7i&ion&/Con&er7a(ionPro'ra%&:i7i&ion/5loodCon(rolPro'ra%&/
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%. &ransortation
People and 'ood&(ran&por(a(ion
6
h((p//da7id'ibbin&3co%/4ournal/201/8/#/pharaoh-(he-illu&(ra(ed-london-ne&-and-(he-188#-$-nile-e;pedi(ion
2nd ca(arac(
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'. $lean drinking !ater
7h((p//%edia13fdnc%&3co%/pi
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Elmana(ilE)tension
Alguneid*+hemeAlgaera
*+heme
-. rrigation
8
An area of 8,800 %> ?( i& co%po&ed of (hou&and& of ilo%e(er&
of canal& (ha( di&(ribu(e a(er fro% (he)lue Nile (o far%& be(een (he (ori7er&
The &oil ha& hi'h clay con(en( hicheep& don lo&&e& fro% &eepa'e
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9
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1. &he lo+al eole migration
A de&(ruc(ion of " 10Nubian 7illa'e& Nubian people e;odu&
Nubian 6an'ua'e& deni'ra(e The Nubian hi&(ory andheri(a'e ill be aboli&hed
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h((p//3&udarchr&3or'3u/re&ource&/%ap-of-&udan/
" 2$ archaeolo'ical &i(e& Mo&( of (he &i(e& con(ain&
unre7ealed %y&(erie&
@u%an e7olu(ion
/uer and roelin, "0062
". Ar+haeologi+al sites destru+tion
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%. A mi+ro+limate +hange
12
A chan'e in air %oi&(urepercen(a'e A chan'e in air (e%pera(ure
and air %o7e%en(
h((p&//3openper%acul(ure3co%/p-con(en(/upload&/201/0$/pho(odune-$88-ri7er-&-=0#;#834p'
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The Nubian 7illa'e& are i(hin (he lo den&i(y re'ion
htt344dl+a.log+luster.org4do!nload4atta+hments48-%8014*udan5"0oulation5"07ensity5"0Ma.ng9ersion:1;modi
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-. Earth(uakes
14
a(er load ?nduced ear(h
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6. nterrution o< *ediment re?u9enation
15
Pre7en(ion of &edi%en(&(ran&fer proce&& *;ce&&i7e u&a'e of
fer(ilier&
h((p//3bar(le((3ucl3ac3u/&u&(ainable/&u&(ainable-ne&/i%a'e&/chan'in'en7iron%en(ci&(ocpho(o
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6. #ish oulation de+line
16
)efore (he da%
h((p//d2ou7y$9p0d'3cloudfron(3ne(/i%'/ori'inal/i%a'e2102#p;34p'
Af(er (he da%
.%all &pecie& arebloced behind (heda% B.(o(( and
.%i(h, 2001 :a%& ob&(ruc( fi&h%i'ra(ion
5i&h dea(h a( (heda% 'a(e&
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Co&( and )enefi(& of ?n&(allin' aind (urbine
@o bi' are (hey and ho %uchpoer doe& one 'enera(eD
ha(E& (he co&(D
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"0
1@1@ Home or #arm *+ale ind &urbine
A 10 iloa(( %achine i& enou'h (o poer a (ypicalA%erican ho%e
ind (urbine& under 100 iloa((&
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"1
1.". Home or #arm *+ale ind &urbine
A 10 iloa(( %achine B(he &ie needed (o poer a(ypical A%erican ho%e co&(& " F$0,000-F80,000
ind (urbine& under 100 iloa((& co&( " F,000 "F8,000 per iloa(( of capaci(y
ind (urbine& ha7e &i'nifican( econo%ie& of &cale3
.%aller far% or re&iden(ial &cale (urbine& co&( le&&o7erall
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""
".1. $ommer+ial ind &urbines /ind #arms2
More (han 100 and up (o
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"%
".". $ommer+ial ind &urbines /ind #arms2
The co&( for a u(ili(y &cale ind (urbine ran'e& fro%F13 %illion (o F232 %illion per M
Mo&( of (he co%%ercial-&cale (urbine& in&(alled (oday
are 2 M in &ie and co&( rou'hly F-F# %illion
The in&(alla(ion co&( for a co%%ercial-&cale ind
(urbine ill fluc(ua(e &i'nifican(ly ba&ed on (henu%ber of uni(&, con&(ruc(ion, loca(ion , a& ell a&o(her fac(or&
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Capi(al Co&( )readon
24
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oc Por(, Mi&&ouri i& (he ni(ed .(a(e&G fir&(co%%uni(y (ha( i& capable of bein' 100H indpoered
25
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&he #irst 5100 ind@o!ered in B*
@
26
The 1,00 re&iden(& of oc Por( curren(ly u&e appro;i%a(ely
1 %illion iloa((& of elec(rici(y per year3 )u( no, due (ofour ne ind (urbine&, (he ci(y predic(& (ha( ind ener'y illaccoun( for 1 %illion iloa((& each year 3
The Mi&&ouri Ioin( Municipal (ili(ie& purcha&e& &urplu&elec(rici(y no( u&ed by oc Por( for u&e in o(her area&3
The $-%e'aa(( BM ind pro4ec( buil( on a'ricul(ural land&i(hin (he ci(y li%i(& of oc Por( include& four 132$ M(urbine&
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Clobal ind Ceneration
27
An annual 'ro(h ra(e of abou( H0 be(een 199 and 2008 ,hich %ae i( one of (he orldE& fa&(e&( 'roin' ener'y re&ource&in (er%& of bo(h co7era'e and (echnolo'ical inno7a(ion
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Clobal ind Ceneration
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Clobal ind CenerationTypical Ne ind 5ar% Co&(
29
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ind Energy 7e9eloment in A
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ind Energy 7e9eloment in A
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$ost o< the Ele+tri+ity Ceneration by
&e+hnology /"008 B*74M!h2
ind Energy 7e9eloment in A
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The F29% A&he'oda ind 5ar% i& e;pec(ed (o 'enera(e
120M of elec(rici(y ea&in' *(hiopia dependence onhydropoer3 And (o %i(i'a(e (he i%pac( of dry &ea&on& oncoun(ryE& da%&3
The 8#-(urbine far% i& %ore (han =80% nor(h of (he capi(alAddi& Ababa3
*(hiopia J pla'ued by fre
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ind Energy 7e9eloment in Egyt
Na(ional *ner'y Tar'e(& ere declaredon (he end of year 200= :i7er&i(y of *ner'y e&ource& 6iberalia(ion of *ner'y Mare( *ner'y Mi;
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*udan ind *eed Ma
Sudan is blessed with
sini!i"ant windene#$ #esou#"es%
&he a'e#ae monthl$
a'e#ae wind speedhas been measu#ed at
8 mete#s(se"ond in
the no#the#n #eion o!the "ount#$ and alon
the )es Sea "oast%
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ind Energy 7e9eloment in *udan
6e&& (han a (hird of .udanE& popula(ion had acce&& (o
elec(rici(y in 20113
Abou( (o-(hird& of (he elec(rici(y i& 'enera(ed fro%
hydropoer re&ource&, hile one-four(h co%e& fro%fo&&il fuel& Bdie&el and fuel oil3
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ind Energy 7e9eloment in *udan
The .udane&e Ko7ern%en( de7eloped reneable
ener'y poer pro4ec(& i(h L6ayh%eyer ?n(erna(ional,Ker%any
The fir&( (hree pro4ec(& planned a( (he folloin'loca(ion& i(h a (o(al capaci(y of 00M , u&in'fore&een (urbine &ie of 800-2$00 1-:on'ola, capaci(y 100 M 2-ed .ea Coa&(, capaci(y 180 M -Nyala, capaci(y 20 M
h((p//3lah%eyer3de/en/pro4ec(&/ener'y/ind-ener'y/&in'le/ar(icle/ind-ener'y-de7elop%en(-of-(hree-ind-far%&-in-&udan3h(%l
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ind Energy 7e9eloment in *udan
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&he Meroe 7am 1,"-0M $ost :",-00,000,000
&he agbar 7am %00M $ost : 600,000,000
&he 7al 7am %00M $ost : 600,000,000
&he *heraik 7am %00M $ost : 600,000,000
39
&he Maroe 7am ; the three ro?e+ted 7ams$ost and Outut
(This doesnt include the displacement cost2
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- The agbar ind #arm "00 uni(& 2MCo&( O F#00,000,000
- The 7al ind #arm "00 uni(& 2MCo&( O F#00,000,000
- The *heraik ind #arm "00 uni(& 2M
Co&( O F#00,000,000
40
&hree 7ams < Dela+ed !ith ind #arms
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hat is *olar Energy
.olar *ner'y i&, &i%ply, ener'y pro7ided by (he &un3 *lec(rici(y can be produced direc(ly fro% pho(o7ol(aic, PV, cell&3
hen &un&hine hi(& (he PV cell, (he pho(on& of li'h( e;ci(e (heelec(ron& in (he cell and cau&e (he% (o flo, 'enera(in'elec(rici(y3
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#a+ts on *olar Energy .olar poer i& (he %o&( e;ci(in' u&e of &olar ener'y3 ?( i& ho
&olar ener'y i& con7er(ed in(o elec(rici(y3
The oil cri&i& of 19=0 re7ealed (he delica(e na(ure of fo&&il fuel&a& a &ource of ener'y for (he orld3 A& &uch re&earch inal(erna(i7e, reneable ener'y (echnolo'y lie (ha( of &olar and
ind ener'y 'ained %o%en(u%3
.olar ener'y i& one of (he %o&( idely u&ed reneable &ource ofener'y3 ne can u&e reneable ener'y (echnolo'ie& (o con7er(
&olar ener'y in(o elec(rici(y3
.pace %i&&ion& by 7ariou& coun(rie& u&e &olar ener'y (o poer
(heir &pace&hip&3
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#a+ts on *olar Energy i(h ne ad7ance%en(& in &cien(ific re&earche&, &olar ener'y
could be %ore affordable in fu(ure i(h decrea&in' co&(& and
increa&in' efficiency3
.olar ener'y i& (he preferred for (e%porary poer 5or e3'3(e%porary fair&, %inin' &i(e&, ly%pic&3
A ho%e &olar panel &y&(e% con&i&(& ba((ery (ha( can &(ore&elec(rici(y (ha( can be u&ed a( any la(er (i%e
Thou'h &olar ener'y i& u&ed on a ide &cale, i( only pro7ide& a&%all frac(ion of (he orldE& ener'y &upply3
6ar'e in7e&(%en( i& one (he pri%ary rea&on hy &olar ener'y i&no( &(ill no( u&ed by %any people all o7er (he orld3
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Clobal *olar Energy
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*olar Energy Ma o< A
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*olar Energy in *udan*olar Energy@ o!ered ums ro?e+t
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*olar Energy $ost &rend
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*olar G* ind
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The Archaeolo'ical &i(e& de&(ruc(ion and &ocialda%a'e can no( be co%pen&a(ed by (heecono%ical benefi(& of (he ne da%&3
The ind ener'y Q .olar *ner'y could be ane;cellen( al(erna(i7e& (ha( ill co&( %uch le&&3
The ind ener'y Q .olar *ner'y are fu(urea&&e(&, hile da%& are fro% (he pa&(3
50
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The hi'h co&( of da% pro4ec(& and (he
con&(ruc(ion dura(ion do no( %ae econo%ical&en&e3
The fu(ure i& (o in7e&( in (he ne and cleanener'y Bind and &olar3
6on' (er% co%prehen&i7e ener'y %i; plan&3
51
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.(o((, 3, and .%i(h, 63, 2001, i7er eco7ery Pro4ec(, e&(orin' i7er& And .(rea%&Throu'h :a% :eco%%i&&ionin' And Modifica(ion, u(door ecrea(ion Council of)C, p3 #83
Tah%i&cioRlu, M3, .3, Anul, N3, 200=, and *%eci, 53, Po&i(i7e And Ne'a(i7e ?%pac(& f
:a%& n The *n7iron%en( Iournal of ?n(erna(ional Con're&& n i7er )a&inMana'e%en(, p3 =$9- =93
h((p//3'reenou'h&olarfar%3co%3au/&olar-ener'y/ha(-&olar-ener'y http*((1%bp%blospot%"om(A1+,-,l./4(bMtN(AAAAAAAA("&awp.(s6
40(N:wo#ld:map%;p
http*((www%"onse#'ep#o;e"t
(
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