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8/6/2019 New Capsule
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/new-capsule 1/21
by
V.KARTHIK
1/2 Mtech
VLSI design
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` Abstract
` Nano technology
` Historical review
` Description` Advantages
` Draw backs
` Applications
` Conclusion
` References
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` main aim of new technologies is to make products
economical and wide range of applications.
` This is achieved when we manufacture productsright from the molecular level.
` So we realize this with the advent of new
technology called NANOTECHNOLOGY.
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` Nanotechnology deals with the creation of useful
materials and devices of nanometer size.
` Nanometer can be visualised as billionth of ameter or millionth of a millimeter or it is 1/80000
width of a human hair.
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` Manipulation of atoms is first talked about by
noble laureate Dr.Richard Feyngman in 1959.
` The concept of nanotechnology is introduced byDrexler in 1981 through his article ³The Engines
Of Creation´.
` In 1990,IBM researchers showed that it ispossible to manipulate single atoms
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One of the fascinating application of
nanotechnology in the field of medicine is in the
for m of a pill camera or capsule camera
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` The standard method of detecting abnor malities in the
intestines is through endoscopic examination in which
doctors scope into small intestine via mouth and it
involves surgery
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` Imagine a vitamin pill sized camera that could
travel through your body taking pictures , helping
in diagnose a problem called capsule endoscopy
which can happen through nanotechnology.` capsule endoscopy consists of a disposable video
camera encapsulated into a pill like camera that is
swallowed with water.
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The wireless camera takes 1000¶s of high qualitydigital images within the body as it passes throughthe entire length of the intestine.
The latest pill camera is 26*11mm and is capableof transmitting 50,000 color images during its
journey in body.
The capsule transmits the images to a datarecorder, which is worn on a belt around the
patient¶s waist while going about his/her day asusual .
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` Camera (image sensor)
` Lens(magnification)
` Lamp
` Transmitter(antenna)` Batteries(power)
` Micro actuator(memory)
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` Uni directional capsule:
It just transmits images to the recorder
` Bidirectional capsule:It transmits the images and its functions are can
be controlled by external circuit
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Useful in diagnosing the body without involving
surgery and in less time
It can record the image of the smallest part of the
body so that it is easy to find out any malfunction
in the body at earlier stages
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patients with gastrointestinal structures or narrowing
are not good candidates for this procedure due to
risk of obstruction.
If there is a partial obstruction in the small intestine,
there is a risk that the pill will get stuck
The pill camera can transmit image from inside to
outside the body. consequently it becomes
impossible to control the camera behavior , including
the on off power functions and effective illuminationsinside the intestine.
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` The f irst drawback is overcome using rice- grain
sized motor . This miniature motor, when attached
to the pill camera gives it a propelling action inside
the body, whichm
akes it easy for the pill to find itsway through the digestive system.
` The other two drawbacks can be overcome
using a bidirectional wireless telemetrycamera.
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` Treatment of cancer cells in stomach and intestine
` To find any unwanted growths and obstructions
` To find if there is any internal bleeding
` To find if there is any gastro-instenial problems
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` Now a days electronics and its devices plays an
important role in medical field
` But we can create wonders with the nanoelectronic devices
` Scientists are making efforts to make efficient
nano robots to get every thing automated
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IEEE issue on the applications of
NANAOTECHNOLOGY -12TH march 2008
Nanotechnology in medicine ± Youlu zheng,Shakil Akthar
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsule_endoscopy
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