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Ottomans
Muslim Turks of
Anatolia (intersection) “ghazis”-warriors for Islam Faith Osman I -founded Ottoman Empire
1300’s Took Adrianople (Byz. Emp.) and
renamed it Edirne
Grows to become European power-key = military Janissaries “Blood Tax” Gunpowder weapons (Cannons) Take cities defended by walls
Setback (1402) Battle of Ankara and Timur the Lame
Expansion continues Mehmed II -phase of
expansion (1400s) 1453 took
Constantinople (Istanbul)
Pillaged City for 3 days
Converted to Muslim City
Hagia Sophia turned into a mosque
Height of Empire Expanded Empire East 1514 Crushed Safavids at Battle of Chaldiran Height under Suleyman (1520-1566) Domestic Achievements
Reformed tax system Overhauled gov.’t bureaucracy Improved court system/legal code “The Lawgiver”
Two Classes Non-Muslims had to pay heavy taxes, no military service Muslims did have to join military but not taxed Millets Decline (1900’s)
Safavid Video Clip
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7t5RvCvi0MA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wac0fyrfu_8
Safavids(Persian Muslims)
Islam Sunni or Shia 1st Shah-Esma’il Shiism distinguished Safavids from
Sunni neighbors Battled Ottomans to convert all Muslims
to Shiism-lost due to Ottoman’s superior gundpowder weapons (1514)
Golden Age
1588-’Abbas-greatest Safavid leader Reformed gov.’t, strengthened military Slave Russian youths-trained soldiers Famous for tiles Persian carpets Lasted until 1722 Present Day Iran
The Mughal Empire
Muslims come to rule Northern India and establish a government called Delhi sultanate Tolerant=blended Muslim and Indian
elements ex: Urdu Babur-defeated Delhi and founded
Mughal Empire (1526) Wealth and power
Akbar the Great-tried to unite his diverse empire Commitment to justice, religious tolerance,
expansion of empire Jahangir-continued Akbar’s ways Sikhism-blended Islam and Hinduism Shah Jahan- Cultural Golden Age
Built Taj Mahal Taxed heavily no religious tolerance
Aurangzeb Supported the growth of Sunni Islam Increased the empire to its largest size
Decline Fell to the British (Early 1700s)
Mongols
To North of China Brutal warlike people
Kublai Khan and the Yuan Dynasty Yuan Dynasty declines Ming Dynasty
Begins
Ming Dynasty
1368 Hongwu (Vastly Martial) starts Lasts 1368-1644 Worked to Eliminate
Mongol Influence and reestablish Chinese Culture (Confuc.)
Reduced taxes, passed reforms agric. and trade
Furthers power of Emperor
Yonglo- moves capital to Beijing (Forbidden City)
Zheng He
Ming Policy Changes
Isolation End voyages post 1430s peaks 1500s Force all foreign merchants to trade only
in designated areas (Canton) Cannot really enforce though
Disliked influence of Europeans (Ricci story)
Restored Great Wall Prosperous time
Qing Dynasty
Dynastic Cycle late 1600s Corruption grows, new leadership
group emerges Manchu attack Ming and take over Qing Dynasty established
Qing Dynasty
Lasts 1644-1911 Manchu are sort of foreigners Showed respect for Chinese customs
while maintaining separation Kangxi Qianlong- Heights Isolation
Japan
Why Feudalism? Samurai- Bushido, Zen Buddhism Shogun
Kamakura Tokugawa
Relations with West Art
Korea
Choson Kingdom 1392-1910 Rule based on Confucianism Invaded 1500s by Japan Invaded 1600s by China
ChronologiesPut the following in order
China’s Ming dynasty begins Manchus found the Qing Dynasty in China Mughal Empire founded The Choson Dynasty begins in Korea Safavid Empire founded Tokugawas gain power in Japan Mehmed II and the Ottomans conquer
Constantinople Osman founds Ottoman State
Timeline
Osman founds Ottoman State 1300 China’s Ming dynasty begins 1368 The Choson Dynasty begins in Korea 1392 Mehmed II and the Ottomans conquer
Constantinople 1453 Safavid Empire founded 1501 Mughal Empire founded 1526 Tokugawas gain power in Japan 1603 Manchus found the Qing Dynasty in China 1644