Neutrino group at CENBG Study of neutrino properties ……. Nature and mass of the neutrino Neutrinoless double beta decay search NEMO 3 experiment SuperNEMO

Neutrino group at CENBG

Study of neutrino properties ……. Nature and mass of the neutrino Neutrinoless double beta decay search NEMO 3 experiment SuperNEMO R&D

….. and to date the wine

G. Broudin, Ph. Hubert, Ch. Marquet,G. Lutter, A. Nachab, F. Perrot, F. Piquemal, J.S. Ricol

F. Piquemal (CENBG) Nuppec Bordeaux, November 7-8 2006

Tritium decay mve

<2.3 eV

Cosmology mi<~1 eV

<m> < 0.3-0.8 eV

Neutrino mass

absolute mass ?

m2

m1

2

m2

2

m3

2

Degeneratem

1≈m2≈m3» |mi-mj|

Normal hierarchym

3> m

2~m

1

Inverted hierarchym

2~m

1>m

3

?

Mass scale ?


Dirac neutrino particle antiparticle 4 states L,R,L, R

conservation of global leptonic number

Majorana neutrino =2 states L and R

No conservation of global leptonic number

Nature of the neutrino

F. Piquemal (CENBG) CS IN2P3 2005/03/05

Majorana neutrinos exist in most of GUT and supersymmetric models

If Majorana and CP violation in leptonic sector -> leptogenesis

Majorana neutrinos imply global leptonic number violation

n

n

p

p

e-

e-

e

e

hh

hh

(A,Z) (A,Z+1) (A,Z+2)

Neutrinoless Double Beta decay

L=2= Majorana neutrino

L

R massive neutrino

Other possible process: V+A, Majoron, SUSY

T1/2= F(Q,Z) |M|2 <m>2-1

Phase space factor Nuclear matrix element

effective neutrino Mass:

<m>= m1|Ue1|2 + m2|Ue2|2.ei1 + m3|Ue3|2.ei2

|Uei|: mixing matrix elements 1 et2: Majorana phases

5


Feruglio F. , Strumia A. , Vissani F. hep-ph/0201291

Present status

10 years

5 years

Degen

erat

ed

Normal Hierarchy

Inverse hierarchy

Klapdor point (0.39 eV)

Neutrinoless Double beta and neutrinos mass scale


3 m

4 m

B (25 G)

20 sectors Source: 10 kg of isotopes cylindrical, S = 20 m2, 60 mg/cm2

Tracking detector: drift wire chamber operating in Geiger mode (6180 cells)Gas: He + 4% ethyl alcohol + 1% Ar + 0.1% H2O

Calorimeter: 1940 plastic scintillators coupled to low radioactivity PMTs

Magnetic field: 25 GaussGamma shield: Pure Iron (18 cm)Neutron shield: borated water

+ Wood

The NEMO3 detector Fréjus Underground Laboratory : 4800 m.w.e.

Background: natural radioactivity, mainly 214Bi et 208Tl ( 2.6 MeV) Radon, neutrons (n,), muons, Able to identify e, e, and


During installation AUGUST 2001F. Piquemal (CENBG) Nuppec Bordeaux, November 7-8 2006

100Mo 6.914 kg Q= 3034 keV

decay isotopes in NEMO-3 detector

82Se 0.932 kg Q= 2995 keV

116Cd 405 g Q= 2805 keV

96Zr 9.4 g Q= 3350 keV

150Nd 37.0 g Q= 3367 keV

Cu 621 g

48Ca 7.0 g Q= 4272 keV

natTe 491 g

130Te 454 g Q= 2529 keV

measurement

External bkg measurement

search (All enriched isotopes produced in Russia)





SuperNEMO projectObjective: to built a detector sensitive to 2 1026 y

USAMHCINL

U. Texas

JapanU. Saga

KEKU Osaka

FranceCEN Bordeaux

IReS StrasbourgLAL ORSAY

LPC CaenLSCE Gif/Yvette

UKUC London

U ManchesterIC London

FinlandU. Jyvaskula

RussiaJINR DubnaITEP Mosow

Kurchatov InstituteUkraine

INR KievISMA Kharkov

Czech RepublicCharles U. Prague

IEAP Prague

MaroccoFes U.

SlovaquiaU. Bratislava

Collaboration NEMO + new labs ~ 70 physicists, 11 countries, 27 laboratories

SpainU. Valence

U. SaragosseU. BarceloneF. Piquemal (CENBG) Nuppec Bordeaux, November 7-8 2006


SuperNEMO preliminary design

Plane geometry

Top view Side view

Source (40 mg/cm2) 12m2, tracking volume (~3000 channels) and calorimeter (~1000 PMT)

Modular (~5 kg of enriched isotope/module)

5 m

1 m

4 m

100 kg: 20 modules ~ 60 000 channels for drift chamber ~ 20 000 PMT


Open setup 02

J.FORGET SuperNEMO LALv09/2006



CENBG contribution to SuperNEMO

Calorimeter: from 8% to 4 % (FWHM) at 3 MeV Improvement of plastic scintillator (collaboration with JINR Dubna (Russie) and ISMA Karkhov (Ukraine) Development with liquid scintillator Improvements of Photomultiplier with Photonis company Calibrations Electronics readout

Low radioactivity measurement: « BiPo » detector to measure source foil at the level of 2 Bg/kg in 208Tl Improvements of Ge detector 60 Bq/kg to 10 Bq/kg for 1kg and 1 month Improvements of radon detectors


Requirements for the measurement of radioactivity:

• simple and fast (>1000 samples)

• non destructive (enriched isotopes !)

• measurement of large quantities (~ 1 kg) and different geometries (powder, strips,…)

•high energy resolution for an easy isotope identification

• measurement of the non-equilibrium in radioactive families ( U/Th/Ra)

• highest detection efficiency

Radioactivity of materials: Selection and control

Gamma spectroscopy with Ge detectors

Development of ultra-low background Ge spectrometerswith private company


Dating of wine and

Radioactivity

Question from DGCCRF a french government agency charged with protecting consumers

and preventing fraud

How to confirm the authenticity of vintage ?

Translation by a physicist :

Is it possible to deduce vintage from radioactivity measurements?

Moreover without opening the bottle ?


To date the wine

Nuclear tests

Tchernobyl

Chateaux Laffite and Margaux 1900 ?137Cs in Wine


Photography of the expected Thomas Jefferson bottles of wine from 1784 and 1787. Two bottles are from Chateau Lafite, the two other are from Branne Mouton, which nowadays is called Mouton Rothschild


No 137Cs in Wine (< 1952)……….

Development in progress: to date the bottle glass by 40K activity

….. But engravings made using an electrical high speed diamond drill with a movable head


Project of radioactive measurement platform at CENBG to group all the Ge detector from the different laboratories on the same site

Other applications in collaboration with other laboratories from University of Bordeaux I (Sciences), Bordeaux II (Medicine), Bordeaux III (archeology),DGCCRF: - control of the origin of atlantic salt - control of the origin of Agen pruns - Measurements for medical applications - Archeology ……..

Documents

Neutrino group at CENBG Study of neutrino properties ……. Nature and mass of the neutrino Neutrinoless double beta decay search NEMO 3 experiment SuperNEMO