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The MIT Press 2017

NEW

FROM NEURON TO COGNITION VIA COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCEedited by Michael A. Arbib and James J. BonaiutoThis textbook presentsa wide range of sub-jects in neurosciencefrom a computationalperspective. It offers acomprehensive, inte-grated introduction tocore topics, using com-putational tools totrace a path from neu-rons and circuits tobehavior and cognition. Moreover, the chapters show how computational neuroscience —methods for modeling the causal interactions under-lying neural systems — complements empiricalresearch in advancing the understanding of brain and behavior.

The chapters — all by leaders in the field, and care-fully integrated by the editors — cover such subjectsas action and motor control; neuroplasticity, neuro-modulation, and reinforcement learning; vision; andlanguage — the core of human cognition.

Michael A. Arbib is Professor of Computer Sciences,Biomedical Engineering, Electrical Engineering,Neuroscience, and Psychology, and Director of the ABLE Project at the University of SouthernCalifornia. James J. Bonaiuto is a PostdoctoralResearcher at the Sobell Department of MotorNeuroscience and Movement Disorders at University College London.

December 2016 • 960 pp. • 351 color illus. $115.00/£85.95 978-0-262-03496-8 [T ]Computational Neuroscience series

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CASE STUDIES IN NEURAL DATA ANALYSISA Guide for the Practicing NeuroscientistMark A. Kramer and Uri T. EdenAs neural data becomes increasingly complex, neuro-scientists now require skills in computer program-

ming, statistics, anddata analysis. Thisbook teaches practicalneural data analysistechniques by present-ing example datasetsand developing tech-niques and tools foranalyzing them. Eachchapter begins with a specific example ofneural data, which

motivates mathematical and statistical analysis meth-ods that are then applied to the data. This practical,hands-on approach is unique among data analysistextbooks and guides, and equips the reader with thetools necessary for real-world neural data analysis.

The book begins with an introduction to MATLAB,the most common programming platform in neuro-science, which is used in the book. The book goes on to cover neural field data and spike train data,spectral analysis, generalized linear models, coher-ence, and cross-frequency coupling. Each chapteroffers a stand-alone case study that can be used sepa-rately as part of a targeted investigation. The bookincludes some mathematical discussion but does notfocus on mathematical or statistical theory, emphasiz-ing the practical instead. References are included forreaders who want to explore the theoretical moredeeply. The data and accompanying MATLAB code are freely available on the authors’ website. The book can be used for upper-level undergraduateor graduate courses or as a professional reference.

Mark A. Kramer and Uri T. Eden are AssociateProfessors in the Department of Mathematics andStatistics at Boston University.

2016 • 424 pp. • 137 color illus. Paper • $60.00/£44.95978-0-262-52937-2 [T ]Computational Neuroscience series

Cover image: Frank H. Guenther. Superior view of key neural processing centers for speech production localized within a transparent brain. From Guenther: Neural Control of Speech

Contributors: M. A. Arbib, J. Ayers, J. Bednar, A. Bicanski, J. J. Bonaiuto, N. Brunel, J. M. Cabelguen, C. Canavier, A. Cangelosi, R. P. Cooper, C. R. Cortes, N. Daw, P. Dean, P. Ford Dominey, P. Enel, J. M. Fellous, S. Fusi, W. Gerstner, F. Grasso, J. A. Griego, Z. M. Hafed, M. E. Hasselmo, A. Ijspeert, S. Jones, D. Kersten, J. Knuesel, O. Lewis, W. W. Lytton, T. Poggio, J. Porrill, T. J. Prescott, J. Rinzel, E. Rolls, J. Rubin,N. Schweighofer, M. A. Sherif, M. A. Tagamets, P. F. M. J. Verschure, N. Vierling-Claasen, X. J. Wang, C. Williams, R. Winder, A. L. Yuille

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THE DISTRACTED MINDAncient Brains in a High-Tech World Adam Gazzaley and Larry D. RosenMost of us will freely admit that we are obsessed with our devices. We prideourselves on our ability to multitask — read work email, reply to a text, checkFacebook, watch a video clip. Talk on the phone, send a text, drive a car. Enjoyfamily dinner with a glowing smartphone next to our plates. We can do it all,24/7! Never mind the errors in the email, the near-miss on the road, and theunheard conversation at the table. In The Distracted Mind, Adam Gazzaley and Larry Rosen — a neuroscientist and a psychologist — explain why ourbrains aren’t built for multitasking, and suggest better ways to live in a high-tech world without giving up our modern technology.

The authors explain that our brains are limited in their ability to pay attention.We don’t really multitask but rather switch rapidly between tasks. Distractionsand interruptions, often technology-related — referred to by the authors as“interference” — collide with our goal-setting abilities. We want to finish thispaper/spreadsheet/sentence, but our phone signals an incoming message and we drop everything. Even without an alert, we decide that we “must” check inon social media immediately.

Gazzaley and Rosen offer practical strategies, backed by science, to fight distraction. We can change our brainswith meditation, video games, and physical exercise; we can change our behavior by planning our accessibilityand recognizing our anxiety about being out of touch even briefly. They don’t suggest that we give up ourdevices, but that we use them in a more balanced way.

“The book strikes an outstanding balance between cutting-edge scientific knowledge and practical suggestions foreffectively coping with today’s unprecedented technological demands, which result in distracted minds at all ages andmake us want to believe in the myth of multitasking.”

— Pat DeLeon, former President of the American Psychological Association

Adam Gazzaley is Professor in the Departments of Neurology, Physiology, and Psychiatry at the University of California, San Francisco, where he is also Director of the Neuroscience Imaging Center. Larry D. Rosen isProfessor Emeritus of Psychology at California State University, Dominguez Hills.

2016 • 296 pp. • 13 illus. • $27.95/£19.95 978-0-262-03494-4

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“Gazzaley and Rosen's work is brilliant and practical, just what we need in thesetechno-human times.”

— Jack Kornfield, Author of The Wise Heart

COMING IN WINTER 2017!

COMPUTATIONAL PSYCHIATRY Peter Dayan and Read Montague, EditorsContinuous PublicationComputational Psychiatry publishes original researcharticles and reviews that involve the application,analysis, or invention of theoretical, computationaland statistical approaches tomental function and dys-function. Topics includebrain modeling over multi-ple scales and levels ofanalysis, and the use of thesemodels to understand psychiatric dysfunction, itsremediation, and the sustenance of healthy cognitionthrough the lifespan. The journal also has a specialinterest in computational issues pertaining to relatedareas such as law and education.

Open Access • 8 ½ x 11E-ISSN: 2397-6227mitpressjournals.org/cpsy

COMING IN WINTER 2017!

OPEN MIND: DISCOVERIES INCOGNITIVE SCIENCERichard Aslin, EditorQuarterlyOpen Mind provides a newvenue for the highest qual-ity, most innovative work incognitive science, offering

affordable open access publishing, concise and acces-sible articles, and quick turnaround times for authors.The journal covers the broad array of content areaswithin cognitive science using approaches from cognitive psychology, computer science and mathe-matical psychology, cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology, comparative psychology and behav-ioral anthropology, decision sciences, and theoreticaland experimental linguistics. These approaches areapplicable to a broad range of content areas, includ-ing learning and memory, attention and objectrecognition, language processing and development,causal reasoning, judgment and decision-making,philosophy of mind, and more.

Open Access • 170 pp. per issue • 8 ½ x 11E-ISSN 2470-2986mitpressjournals.org/openmind

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NEW

COMPUTATIONAL PSYCHIATRYNew Perspectives on Mental Illnessedited by A. David Redish and Joshua A. GordonModern psychiatry is at a crossroads, as it attempts to balance neurologicalanalysis with psychological assessment. Computational neuroscience offers anew lens through which to view such thorny issues as diagnosis, treatment, and integration with neurobiology. In this volume, psychiatrists and theoreticaland computational neuroscientists consider the potential of computationalapproaches to psychiatric issues.

A. David Redish isDistinguished McKnight

University Professor of Neuroscience at the University of Minnesota. Joshua A. Gordon is Associate Professor of Psychiatry at Columbia University and AssociateDirector of Residency Training for Neuroscience at the New York State Psychiatric Institute.

2016 • 384 pp. • 19 color, 21 b & w illus. $45.00/£34.95978-0-262-03542-2Strüngmann Forum Reports

MIT PRESS Journals

Contributors: S. E. Ahmari, H. Akil, D. M. Barch,M. Botvinick, M. Breakspear, C. S. Carter, M. V. Chafee, S. Denève, D. Durstewitz, M. B. First,S. B. Flagel, M. J. Frank, K. J. Friston, J. A. Gordon,K. M. Harlé, C. Huang, Q. J. M. Huys, P. W. Kalivas,J. H. Krystal, Z. Kurth-Nelson, A. W. MacDonald III,T. V. Maia, R. C. Malenka, S. J. Mathew, C. Mathys,P. R. Montague, R. Moran, T. I. Netoff, Y. Niv, J. P. O’Doherty, W. M. Pauli, M. P. Paulus, F. Petzschner, D. S. Pine, A. D. Redish, K. Ressler,K. Schmack, J. W. Smoller, K. E. Stephan, A. Thapar, H. Tost, N. Totah, J. L. Zick

• Honorable Mention, 2012 American PublishersAward for Professional and Scholarly Excellence(PROSE Award) in Biomedicine and Neuroscience,AAP/PSP Division

DISCOVERING THE HUMAN CONNECTOMEOlaf SpornsCrucial to under-standing how thebrain works is connectivity, and the centerpiece ofbrain connectivity is the connectome, a comprehensivedescription of howneurons and brainregions are connected.In this book, Olaf Sporns surveys current efforts tochart these connections — to map the human con-nectome. He argues that the nascent field of connec-tomics has already begun to influence the way manyneuroscientists collect, analyze, and think about theirdata. Moreover, the idea of mapping the connectionsof the human brain in their entirety has captured theimaginations of researchers across several disciplinesincluding human cognition, brain and mental disor-ders, and complex systems and networks.

2016 • 248 pp. • 17 color plates, 55 b & w illus. Paper • $34.00/£24.95978-0-262-52897-9(Cloth 2012)


NETWORKS OF THE BRAINOlaf SpornsOver the last decade, the study of complex networks has expanded across diverse scientific fields.Increasingly, science is concerned with the structure,

behavior, and evolu-tion of complex sys-tems ranging fromcells to ecosystems. In Networks of theBrain, Olaf Spornsdescribes how the integrative nature of brain function can be illuminatedfrom a complex net-work perspective.

“Sporns provides a comprehensive, tour-de-forceoverview of the cutting edge of the application of net-work science to neuroscience. This is a book that every-one with an interest in brain function should read.”

— Mark Daley and Jody C. Culham, Canadian Psychology

2016 • 424 pp. • 15 color, 100 b & w illus. Paper • $38.00/£28.95978-0-262-52898-6(Cloth 2010)


MIT PRESS JournalsCOMING IN WINTER 2017!

NETWORK NEUROSCIENCEOlaf Sporns, EditorQuarterlyNetwork Neuroscience features innovative scientific work that significantly advancesour understanding of network organization and function in the brain across all scales,from molecules and neurons to circuits and systems.

Positioned at the intersection of brain and network sciences, the journal covers empirical and computationalstudies that record, analyze or model relational data among elements of neurobiological systems, including neuronal signaling and information flow in circuits, patterns of functional connectivity recorded with electro-physiological or imaging methodology, studies of anatomical connections among neurons and brain regions,and interactions among biomolecules or genes.

Open Access • 330 pp. per issue • 8 ½ x 11E-ISSN 2472-1751mitpressjournals.org/netn

FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIONS OF CORTICAL AREASA New View from the ThalamusS. Murray Sherman and R. W. GuilleryTwo leading authori-ties on thalamocorticalconnections considerhow the neural circuits of the brainrelate to our actionsand perceptions.

“FunctionalConnections ofCortical Areas is anoutstanding piece ofwork. The authors pres-ent compelling evidence that the big picture may bevastly different from how we usually see it and suggest a conceptual path that is both elegant and rich in itsimplications”

— Visual Neuroscience

2013 • 304 pp. • 52 illus. • $45.00/£34.95 978-0-262-01930-9

SINGLE NEURON STUDIES OF THE HUMAN BRAINProbing Cognitionedited by Itzhak Fried, Ueli Rutishauser,Moran Cerf, and Gabriel Kreiman Foundational studies of the activities of spiking neurons in the awake and behaving human brainand the insights they yield into cognitive and clinical phenomena.

2014 • 408 pp. 73 b & w illus., 16 color plates$65.00/£48.95 978-0-262-02720-5

THE COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCESFifth Edition

edited by Michael S. Gazzaniga and George R. MangunEach edition of this classic reference has proved to be a benchmark in the developing field of cognitive

neuroscience. The fifth edition of TheCognitive Neurosciencescontinues to chart newdirections in the studyof the biologicalunderpinnings of com-plex cognition — therelationship betweenthe structural andphysiological mecha-nisms of the nervous

system and the psychological reality of the mind. Itoffers entirely new material, reflecting recent advancesin the field.

2014 • 1144 pp. • 87 color, 183 b & w illus. $200.00/£148.95978-0-262-02777-9

THEORETICAL NEUROSCIENCEComputational and MathematicalModeling of Neural SystemsPeter Dayan and L. F. Abbott“Not only does the book set a high standard for theoreti-cal neuroscience, it defines the field.”

— Dmitri Chklovskii, Neuron“It will not be surprising if this book becomes the standard text for students and researchers entering theoretical neuroscience for years to come.”

— M. Brandon Westover, Philosophical Psychology

2005 • 576 pp. • 165 illus. • paper • $55.00/£40.95978-0-262-54185-5(Cloth 2001) [T ]


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ANALYZING NEURAL TIME SERIES DATATheory and PracticeMike X CohenA comprehensiveguide to the concep-tual, mathematical,and implementationalaspects of analyzingelectrical brain signals,including data fromMEG, EEG, and LFP recordings.

2014 • 600 pp. • 243 b & w illus., 28 color plates $67.00/£49.95978-0-262-01987-3Issues in Clinical and Cognitive Neuropsychology

AN INTRODUCTION TO THE EVENT-RELATED POTENTIAL TECHNIQUESecond Edition

Steven J. LuckAn essential guide to designing, conducting, and analyzing event-related potential (ERP) experiments,completely updated for this edition.

2014 • 392 pp. • 114 illus. • paper • $52.00/£38.95978-0-262-52585-5 [T ]


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MATLAB FOR BRAIN AND COGNITIVE SCIENTISTSMike X CohenMATLAB is one of the most popular programming languages for neuroscience and psychology research. Itsbalance of usability, visualization, and widespread use makes it one of the most powerful tools in a scientist’stoolbox. In this book, Mike Cohen teaches brain scientists how to program in MATLAB, with a focus onapplications most commonly used in neuroscience and psychology. Although most MATLAB tutorials willabandon users at the beginner’s level, leaving them to sink or swim, MATLAB for Brain and CognitiveScientists takes readers from beginning to intermediate and advanced levels of MATLAB programming, help-ing them gain real expertise in applications that they will use in their work.

The book offers a mix of instructive text and rigorous explanations of MATLAB code along with programmingtips and tricks. The goal is to teach the reader how to program data analyses in neuroscience and psychology.Readers will learn not only how to but also how not to program, with examples of bad code that they areinvited to correct or improve. Chapters end with exercises that test and develop the skills taught in each chap-ter. Interviews with neuroscientists and cognitive scientists who have made significant contributions to theirfield using MATLAB appear throughout the book.

Mike X Cohen is Assistant Professor in the Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior at theRadboud University and University Medical Center, Nijmegan, the Netherlands.

April 2017 • 504 pp. • 183 b & w illus. • $50.00/£37.95978-0-262-03582-8 [T ]

• Winner, 2015 American Publishers Award forProfessional and Scholarly Excellence (PROSE Award) in Biological and Life Sciences, AAP/PSP Division

PRINCIPLES OF NEURAL DESIGNPeter Sterling and Simon LaughlinNeuroscience researchhas exploded, withmore than fifty thou-sand neuroscientistsapplying increasinglyadvanced methods. Amountain of new factsand mechanisms hasemerged. And yet aprincipled frameworkto organize this knowl-edge has been missing.In this book, PeterSterling and Simon Laughlin, two leading neurosci-entists, strive to fill this gap, outlining a set of organ-izing principles to explain the whys of neural designthat allow the brain to compute so efficiently.

“The authors have been thinking deeply about the issuesdiscussed and it shows, the neurobiology is right up-to-date, and the writing is artful, clear, and engaging. Thisbook is a wonderful start for what will, I believe, becomethe standard way for conceptualizing neurobiology.”

— Charles F. Stevens, Current Biology

2015 • 488 pp. • 169 illus. • $48.00/£35.95978-0-262-02870-7

BRAIN STRUCTURE AND ITS ORIGINSFunction, Evolution, DevelopmentGerald E. SchneiderAn introduction to the brain’s anatomical organizationand functions with explanations in terms of evolu-tionary adaptations and development.

“This is a well-written general book on brain anatomyand function, which includes numerous useful picturesand clear diagrams to explain brain organization interms of development, evolution and function. It is notonly valuable for students interested in the field, but alsofor neuroscientists and neurologists in general.”

— Javier DeFelipe, Neuroscientist, Cajal Institute

2014 • 656 pp. • 243 color, 127 b & w illus. $85.00/£62.95978-0-262-02673-4 [T ]

TREES OF THE BRAIN, ROOTS OF THE MINDGiorgio A. AscoliThe human brain is often described as the most com-plex object in the universe. Tens of billions of nervecells — tiny tree-like structures — make up a massivenetwork with enormous computational power. In this book, Giorgio Ascoli reveals another aspect of

the human brain: thestunning beauty of its cellular form.Doing so, he makes a provocative claimabout the mind-brainrelationship.

If each nerve cellenlarged a thousand-fold looks like a tree,then a small region ofthe nervous system atthe same magnifiedscale resembles a

gigantic, fantastic forest. This structural majesty —illustrated throughout the book with extraordinarycolor images — hides the secrets behind the genesisof our mental states. Ascoli proposes that some of themost intriguing mysteries of the mind can be solvedusing the basic architectural principles of the brain.After an overview of the scientific and philosophicalfoundations of his argument, Ascoli links mentalstates with patterns of electrical activity in nerve cells,presents an emerging minority opinion of how thebrain learns from experience, and unveils a radicallynew hypothesis of the mechanism determining whatis learned, what isn’t, and why. Finally, consideringthese notions in the context of the cosmic diversitywithin and among brains, Ascoli offers a new per-spective on the roots of individuality and humanity.

“This unusual book is a hybrid of neuroscience, art, anddendrology. It is reminiscent of the works of Victorianera philosopher-scientists in that it melds the beauty ofthe natural world with the complexity of the nervous system. Highly recommended.”

— Choice

2015 • 192 pp. • 44 color illus. • $32.00/£23.95978-0-262-02898-1


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VISUAL CORTEX AND DEEP NETWORKSLearning Invariant RepresentationsTomaso A. Poggio and Fabio AnselmiThe ventral visualstream is believed tounderlie object recog-nition in primates.Over the past fiftyyears, researchers havedeveloped a series ofquantitative modelsthat are increasinglyfaithful to the biologi-cal architecture.Recently, deep learn-ing convolution net-works — which donot reflect several important features of the ventralstream architecture and physiology — have beentrained with extremely large datasets, resulting inmodel neurons that mimic object recognition but do not explain the nature of the computations carried out in the ventral stream. This book developsa mathematical framework that describes learning of invariant representations of the ventral stream and is particularly relevant to deep convolutionallearning networks.

The authors propose a theory based on the hypothe-sis that the main computational goal of the ventralstream is to compute neural representations of imagesthat are invariant to transformations commonlyencountered in the visual environment and arelearned from unsupervised experience. They describea general theoretical framework of a computationaltheory of invariance (with details and proofs offeredin appendixes) and then review the application of thetheory to the feedforward path of the ventral streamin the primate visual cortex.

Tomaso A. Poggio is Eugene McDermott Professor in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciencesat MIT, where he is also Director of the Center forBrains, Minds, and Machines and Codirector of theCenter for Biological and Computational Learning.Fabio Anselmi is a Postdoctoral Fellow in the IstitutoItaliano di Tecnologia Laboratory for Computationaland Statistical Learning at MIT and part of theCenter for Brains, Minds, and Machines.

2016 • 136 pp. • 25 illus. • $32.00/£23.95 978-0-262-03472-2Computational Neuroscience series

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NEURAL CONTROL OF SPEECHFrank H. GuentherIn this book, Frank Guenther offers a comprehensive,unified account of the neural computations underly-ing speech production, with an emphasis on speechmotor control rather than linguistic content.Guenther focuses on the brain mechanisms responsi-ble for commanding the musculature of the vocal

tract to produce artic-ulations that result inan acoustic signal conveying a desiredstring of syllables.Guenther providesneuroanatomical andneurophysiologicaldescriptions of the pri-mary brain structuresinvolved in speechproduction, looking

particularly at the cerebral cortex and its interactionswith the cerebellum and basal ganglia, using basicconcepts of control theory (accompanied by nontech-nical explanations) to explore the computations per-formed by these brain regions.

Guenther offers a detailed theoretical framework toaccount for a broad range of both behavioral andneurological data on the production of speech. Hediscusses such topics as the goals of the neural con-troller of speech; neural mechanisms involved in pro-ducing both short and long utterances; and disordersof the speech system, including apraxia of speech andstuttering. Offering a bridge between the neurologicaland behavioral literatures on speech production, thebook will be a valuable resource for researchers inboth fields.

Frank H. Guenther is Professor in the Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences and inthe Department of Biomedical Engineering atBoston University, where he is also Director of theCNS Speech Laboratory and the Neural ProsthesisLaboratory. He is on the faculty of the Harvard/MITSpeech and Hearing Bioscience and TechnologyProgram and a Research Associate at MIT’s PicowerInstitute for Learning and Memory.

2016 • 424 pp. • 145 color illus. • $63.00/£46.95978-0-262-03471-5


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NEW

THE COMPUTATIONAL BRAIN25th Anniversary Edition

Patricia S. Churchland and Terrence J. SejnowskiBefore The Computational Brain was published in1992, conceptual frameworks for brain function werebased on the behavior of single neurons, applied glob-ally. In The Computational Brain, Patricia Churchlandand Terrence Sejnowski developed a different concep-tual framework, basedon large populations of neurons. They didthis by showing thatpatterns of activitiesamong the units intrained artificial neuralnetwork models hadproperties that resem-bled those recordedfrom populations ofneurons recorded oneat a time. It is one ofthe first books to bringtogether computa-tional concepts andbehavioral data withina neurobiologicalframework. Aimed at a broad audience of neuroscientists,computer scientists,cognitive scientists,and philosophers, The ComputationalBrain is written for both expert andnovice. This anniver-sary edition offers a new preface by the authors thatputs the book in the context of current research.

Patricia S. Churchland is President’s Professor ofPhilosophy Emerita at the University of California,San Diego, and Adjunct Professor at the Salk Institutefor Biological Sciences. Terrence J. Sejnowski isFrancis Crick Professor and Director of theComputational Neurobiology Laboratory at the Salk Institute, an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and DistinguishedProfessor at the University of California, San Diego. He was a member of the advisory committee for President Obama’s BRAIN Initiative.

2016 • 568 pp. • 1 b & w illus. Paper • $45.00/£34.95978-0-262-53339-3

BRAIN COMPUTATION AS HIERARCHICAL ABSTRACTIONDana H. BallardThe vast differences between the brain’s neural cir-cuitry and a computer’s silicon circuitry might suggestthat they have nothing in common. In fact, as Dana

Ballard argues in thisbook, computationaltools are essential forunderstanding brainfunction. Ballardshows that the hierar-chical organization ofthe brain has manyparallels with the hier-archical organization ofcomputing; as in sili-con computing, the complexities ofbrain computation can

be dramatically simplified when its computation isfactored into different levels of abstraction.

Drawing on several decades of progress in computa-tional neuroscience, together with recent results inBayesian and reinforcement learning methodologies,Ballard factors the brain’s principal computationalissues in terms of their natural place in an overallhierarchy. Each of these factors leads to a fresh per-spective. A neural level focuses on the basic forebrainfunctions and shows how processing demands dictatethe extensive use of timing-based circuitry and anoverall organization of tabular memories. An embodi-ment level organization works in reverse, makingextensive use of multiplexing and on-demand pro-cessing to achieve fast parallel computation. Anawareness level focuses on the brain’s representationsof emotion, attention and consciousness, showingthat they can operate with great economy in the context of the neural and embodiment substrates.

2015 • 464 pp. • 167 illus. • $58.00/£42.95978-0-262-02861-5Computational Neuroscience series

THE HANDBOOK OF BRAIN THEORY AND NEURAL NETWORKSSecond Edition

edited by Michael A. Arbib

A Bradford Book2003 • 1344 pp. • 1000 illus. • $225.00/£166.95 978-0-262-01197-6

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PRAISE FOR THE ORIGINAL EDITION“This attractive and well-illustrated volume falls some-where between a trade bookand a textbook. . . . Thereader will be well rewardedwho seeks to understand,from well-chosen examples,how to merge the analysis ofneuroscientific data with thedevelopments of computa-tional principles.”— Michael Arbib, Science

NEUROSCIENCEA Historical IntroductionMitchell GlicksteinAn introduction to the structure and function of thenervous system that emphasizes the history of experi-ments and observations that led to modern neurosci-entific knowledge.

“Authoritative, highlyreadable, wonderfullyillustrated, and justplain interesting.Students of neurosciencewill finally learn whereall those ideas and termscame from that we nowuse with regularity.Only Glickstein couldhave achieved all ofthis.”— Michael Gazzaniga

“Generalists, and even specialists, looking for a goodoverview of neuroscience will find that Glickstein’s con-tribution is solid.”

— Amy Ione, Leonardo Reviews

2014 • 392 pp. • 52 color, 119 b & w illus.$58.00/£42.95978-0-262-02680-2 [T ]

ADVICE FOR A YOUNG INVESTIGATORSantiago Ramón y Cajaltranslated by Neely Swanson and Larry W. Swanson

A Bradford Book2004 • 172 pp. • paper • $25.95/£19.95 978-0-262-68150-6Cloth (1999) • $35.00/£24.95978-0-262-18191-4

• Selected as a Great Brain Book, Cerebrum

RECOLLECTIONS OF MY LIFESantiago Ramón y Cajaltranslated by E. Horne Craigie with J. CanoForeword by W. Maxwell Cowan

1989 • 664 pp. • 168 illus. • paper • $45.00/£34.95978-0-262-68060-8

NEW

REBEL GENIUSWarren S. McCulloch’s Transdisciplinary Life in ScienceTara H. AbrahamWarren S. McCulloch (1898–1969) adopted manyidentities in his scientific life — among themphilosopher, poet, neurologist, neurophysiologist,

neuropsychiatrist, col-laborator, theorist,cybernetician, mentor,engineer. He was,writes Tara Abrahamin this account ofMcCulloch’s life andwork, “an intellectualshowman,” and per-formed this partthroughout his career.While McCullochclaimed a commonthread in his work was

the problem of mind and its relationship to thebrain, there was much more to him than that. InRebel Genius, Abraham uses McCulloch’s life as awindow to a past scientific age, showing the complextransformations that took place in American brainand mind science in the twentieth century — partic-ularly those surrounding the cybernetics movement.

Tara H. Abraham is Associate Professor in theDepartment of History at the University of Guelph,Ontario.

2016 • 312 pp. • 17 illus. • $40.00/£29.95978-0-262-03509-5

Also available

EMBODIMENTS OF MINDWarren S. McCullochForeword by Jerome Y. Lettvin Introduction by Seymour A. Papertwith a new foreword and biographical essayby Michael A. Arbib Writings by a thinker — a psychiatrist, a philosopher,a cybernetician, and a poet — whose ideas aboutmind and brain were far ahead of his time.

2016 • 464 pp. • 75 illus. • paper • $45.00/£34.95 978-0-262-52961-7


THE NEW VISUAL NEUROSCIENCESedited by John S. Werner and Leo M. Chalupa

2013 • 1792 pp. • 575 b & w, 281 color illus.$275.00/£207.95 978-0-262-01916-3

BACK IN PRINT

VISIONA Computational Investigation into the Human Representation andProcessing of Visual Information David Marrwith a new foreword by Shimon Ullman anda new afterword by Tomaso Poggio

2010 • 432 pp. • 150 illus. • paper • $45.00/£34.95 978-0-262-51462-0 [T ]

VISUAL PSYCHOPHYSICSFrom Laboratory to TheoryZhong-Lin Lu and Barbara Dosher A comprehensive treatment of the skills and tech-niques needed for visual psychophysics, from basictools to sophisticated data analysis.

2013 • 528 pp. • 126 b & w illus,, 10 color plates$70.00/£51.95 978-0-262-01945-3 [T ]

VISIONHow It Works and What Can Go WrongJohn E. Dowling and Joseph L. Dowling, Jr. Over the past fifty years, enormous progress has beenmade in understanding visual mechanisms and treat-ing eye disorders. And yet the scientist is not alwaysaware of the latest clinical advances and the clinicianis often not up to date on the basic scientific discov-eries. Writing in nontechnical language, John andJoseph Dowling, a neuroscientist and an ophthalmol-ogist, examine vision from both perspectives, provid-ing concise descriptions of basic visual mechanismsand related clinical abnormalities.

The authors begin with the cornea and lens, whichproject an image on the light-sensitive elementsinside the eye, the photoreceptors, and how thatprocess can be compromised by such disorders ascataracts and corneal disease. They go on to describe,among other things, how the photoreceptors capturelight; retinal and visual cortical anatomy and physiol-ogy; and higher level visual processing that leads toperception. Cortical disorders such as amblyopia arediscussed as well as specific deficits such as the inabil-ity to recognize faces, colors, or moving objects.Finally, they survey the evolution of our knowledgeof vision, and speculate about future advances.

2016 • 272 pp. • 69 b & w illus., 9 color plates$32.00/£23.95978-0-262-03461-6


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VISUAL PHENOMENOLOGYMichael MadaryIn this book, Michael Madary examines visual experience, drawing on both phenomenological and empiricalmethods of investigation. He finds that these two approaches — careful, philosophical description of experi-ence and the science of vision — independently converge on the same result: Visual perception is an ongoingprocess of anticipation and fulfillment.

Madary first makes the case for the descriptive premise, arguing that the phenomenology of vision is bestdescribed as on ongoing process of anticipation and fulfillment. He discusses visual experience as being perspec-tival, temporal, and indeterminate; considers the possibility of surprise when appearances do not change as weexpect; and considers the content of visual anticipation. Madary then makes the case for the empirical premise,showing that there are strong empirical reasons to model vision using the general form of anticipation and ful-fillment. He presents a range of evidence from perceptual psychology and neuroscience, and reinterprets evi-dence for the two-visual-systems hypothesis. Finally, he considers the relationship between visual perception andsocial cognition. An appendix discusses Husserlian phenomenology as it relates to the argument of the book.

Michael Madary is Assistant Researcher and Lecturer at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz.

January 2017 • 264 pp. • 12 b & w illus. • $45.00/£34.95978-0-262-03545-3

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THE EMBODIED MINDCognitive Science and Human ExperienceRevised Edition

Francisco J. Varela, Evan Thompson, andEleanor RoschForeword by Jon Kabat-ZinnThis classic book, first published in 1991, was one of the first to propose the “embodied cognition”approach in cognitive science. It pioneered the con-nections between phenomenology and science andbetween Buddhist practices and science — claimsthat have since become highly influential. Throughthis cross-fertilization of disparate fields of study, The Embodied Mind introduced a new form of cog-nitive science called “enaction,” in which both theenvironment and first person experience are aspectsof embodiment. However, enactive embodiment isnot the grasping of an independent, outside world by a brain, a mind, or a self; rather it is the bringingforth of an interdependent world in and throughembodied action. Although enacted cognition lacksan absolute foundation, the book showed how thatdoes not lead to either experiential or philosophicalnihilism. Above all, the book’s arguments were pow-ered by the conviction that the sciences of mind mustencompass lived human experience and the possibili-ties for transformation inherent in human experience.

This revised edition includes substantive introduc-tions by Evan Thompson and Eleanor Rosch thatclarify central arguments of the work and discuss andevaluate subsequent research that has expanded onthe themes of the book, including the renewed theo-retical and practical interest in Buddhism and mind-fulness. A preface by Jon Kabat-Zinn, the originatorof the mindfulness-based stress reduction program,contextualizes the book and describes its influence onhis life and work.

Francisco J. Varela (1946–2001) was Director of theCentre National de Recherche Scientifique, Professorof Cognitive Science and Epistemology, CREA, at theEcole Polytechnique, Paris, and Cofounder of theMind and Life Institute. Evan Thompson is Professorof Philosophy at the University of British Columbia.Eleanor Rosch is Professor of Psychology at theUniversity of California, Berkeley.

December 2016 • 376 pp. • 25 illus. Paper • $30.00/£22.95 978-0-262-52936-5

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EMBODIMENT, ENACTION, AND CULTUREInvestigating the Constitution of the Shared Worldedited by Christoph Durt, Thomas Fuchs,and Christian TewesRecent accounts of cognition attempt to overcomethe limitations of traditional cognitive science byreconceiving cognition as enactive and the cognizer asan embodied being who is embedded in biological,psychological, and cultural contexts. Cultural formsof sense-making constitute the shared world, whichin turn is the origin and place of cognition. This vol-ume is the first interdisciplinary collection on the cul-tural context of embodiment, offering perspectivesthat range from the neurophilosophical to theanthropological.

The book brings together new contributions by someof the most renowned scholars in the field and thelatest results from up-and-coming researchers. Thecontributors explore conceptual foundations, drawingon work by Husserl, Merleau-Ponty, and Sartre, andrespond to recent critiques. They consider whetherthere is something in the self that precedes intersub-jectivity and inquire into the relation between cultureand consciousness, the nature of shared meaning andsocial understanding, the social dimension of shame,and the nature of joint affordances. They apply thenotion of radical enactive cognition to evolutionaryanthropology, and examine the concept of the bodyin relation to culture in light of studies in such fieldsas phenomenology, cognitive neuroscience, psychol-ogy, and psychopathology. Through such investiga-tions, the book breaks ground for the study of theinterplay of embodiment, enaction, and culture.

Christoph Durt is Marie Skłodowska CurieExperienced Researcher at the University of Vienna.Thomas Fuchs is Karl Jaspers Professor of Philosophyand Psychiatry at the University of Heidelberg.Christian Tewes is a project manager and coordinator of the research group Embodiment as a Paradigm of Evolutionary Anthropology at the University of Heidelberg.

March 2017 • 464 pp. • 6 b & w illus. • $55.00/£40.95978-0-262-03555-2


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LIVING ZEN REMINDFULLYRetraining Subconscious AwarenessJames H. Austin, M.D.This is a book forreaders who want toprobe more deeplyinto mindfulness. It goes beyond thecasual, once-in-awhilemeditation in popularculture, groundingmindfulness in dailypractice, Zen teach-ings, and recentresearch in neuro-science. In Living ZenRemindfully, JamesAustin, author of the groundbreakingZen and the Brain,describes authenticZen training — thecommitment to aprocess of regular, ongoing daily life practice. Thistraining process enables us to unlearn unfruitfulhabits, develop more wholesome ones, and lead amore genuinely creative life.

James H. Austin, a clinical neurologist, researcher,and Zen practitioner for more than three decades, is Professor Emeritus of Neurology at the Universityof Colorado Health Sciences Center and CourtesyProfessor of Neurology at the University of FloridaCollege of Medicine.

2016 • 272 pp. • 13 illus. • $32.95/£24.95 978-0-262-03508-8

NOW AVAILABLE IN PAPERBACK

FELT TIMEThe Science of How We Experience TimeMarc Wittmanntranslated by Erik ButlerIn Felt Time, Marc Wittmann explores our perceptionof time — whether moment by moment, or in terms

of life as a whole.Drawing on the latestinsights from psychol-ogy and neuroscience,he explains, amongother things, how wechoose between savor-ing the moment anddeferring gratification,and how the feeling ofduration can serve asan “error signal,” let-ting us know when itis taking too long for

dinner to be ready or for the bus to come. Describinghow, as we grow older, subjective time accelerates asroutine increases, Wittman considers the practice ofmindfulness, and whether it can reduce the speed oflife and help us gain more time. He points to recentresearch that connects time to consciousness; ongoingstudies of time consciousness, he tells us, will help usbetter understand the conscious self.

“Eloquently sketches out the importance of time, both inthe darkness of the lab and in the full light of everydaybehaviour.”

— Hedderik van Rijn, Nature

April 2017 • 184 pp. • 11 illus. • paper • $15.95/£11.95978-0-262-53354-6(Cloth 2016)


“Dr. James Austin's uniqueand rich perspectives on thebrain, mind, and Zen enrichand astound.”

— Roshi Joan Halifax,Abbot, Upaya Zen Center

ZEN-BRAIN HORIZONSToward a Living ZenJames H. Austin, M.D.In Zen-Brain Horizons, James Austin draws on his decades of experience as a neurologist and Zen practitionerto clarify the benefits of meditative training. Austin integrates classical Buddhist literature with modern brainresearch, exploring the horizons of a living, neural Zen.

“Zen-Brain Horizons advances our understanding of creativity and happiness. What more can we ask of the gooddoctor?”

— Matt Sutherland, ForeWord Reviews

2016 • 296 pp. • 5 color plates, 15 b & w illus. • paper • $20.95/£15.95978-0-262-52883-2(Cloth 2014)

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THE MIND–BODY PROBLEMJonathan WestphalPhilosophers from Descartes to Kripke have struggledwith the glittering prize of modern and contempo-rary philosophy: the mind-body problem. The brainis physical. If themind is physical, wecannot see how. If wecannot see how themind is physical, wecannot see how it caninteract with thebody. And if the mindis not physical, it can-not interact with thebody. Or so it seems.

In this book thephilosopher JonathanWestphal examines the mind-body problem in detail,laying out the reasoning behind the solutions thathave been offered in the past and presenting his ownproposal. The sharp focus on the mind-body problem,a problem that is not about the self, or consciousness,or the soul, or anything other than the mind and thebody, helps clarify both problem and solutions.

Jonathan Westphal is Permanent Member of the Senior Common Room at University College,Oxford. He is the author of Colour: A PhilosophicalIntroduction.

2016 • 216 pp. • 1 illus. • paper • $15.95/£11.95 978-0-262-52956-3The MIT Press Essential Knowledge series

• Silver Award Winner in Philosophy, 2002 ForeWord Magazine Book of the Year

• Finalist in Psychology/Mental Health, Independent Publisher Book Awards 2003

• Outstanding Academic Book, 2002, Choice Magazine

THE ILLUSION OF CONSCIOUS WILLDaniel M. Wegner

A Bradford Book2003 • 419 pp. • 57 illus. • paper • $27.95/£19.95 978-0-262-73162-1 [T ](Cloth 2002)

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EVOLVING ENACTIVISMBasic Minds Meet ContentDaniel D. Hutto and Erik MyinEvolving Enactivism argues that cognitive phenomena— perceiving, imagining, remembering — can bebest explained in terms of an interface between con-tentless and content-involving forms of cognition.Building on their earlier book RadicalizingEnactivism, which proposes that there can be formsof cognition without content, Daniel Hutto and ErikMyin demonstrate the unique explanatory advantagesof recognizing that only some forms of cognitionhave content while others — the most elementaryones — do not. They offer an account of the mind induplex terms, proposing a complex vision of mental-ity in which these basic contentless forms of cogni-tion interact with content-involving ones.

Daniel D. Hutto is Professor of PhilosophicalPsychology at the University of Wollongong. Erik Myin is Professor of Philosophy at theUniversity of Antwerp.

April 2017 • 336 pp. • 2 b & w illus. • $35.00/£24.95978-0-262-03611-5

THE PRAGMATIC TURNToward Action-Oriented Views in Cognitive Scienceedited by Andreas K. Engel, Karl J. Friston,and Danica KragicCognitive science is experiencing a pragmatic turnaway from the traditional representation-centered

framework toward aview that focuses onunderstanding cogni-tion as “enactive.” Thisenactive view holdsthat cognition doesnot produce models ofthe world but rathersubserves action as it isgrounded in sensori-motor skills. In thisvolume, experts fromcognitive science, neu-roscience, psychology,

robotics, and philosophy of mind assess the founda-tions and implications of a novel action-oriented viewof cognition.

2016 • 432 pp • $49.00/£36.95978-0-262-03432-6Strüngmann Forum Reports


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INVISIBLE MIND Flexible Social Cognition and DehumanizationLasana T. HarrisIn Invisible Minds, Lasana Harris takes a social neu-roscience approach to explaining the worst of humanbehavior. How can a person take part in raciallymotivated violence and then tenderly cradle a baby orlovingly pet a puppy? Harris argues that our socialcognition — the ability to infer the mental states ofanother agent — is flexible. That is, we can eitherengage or withhold social cognition. If we withholdsocial cognition, we dehumanize the other person.Integrating theory from a range of disciplines —social, developmental, and cognitive psychology, evo-lutionary anthropology, philosophy, economics, andlaw — with neuroscience data, Harris explores howand why we engage or withhold social cognition. Heexamines research in these different disciplines anddescribes biological processes that underlie flexiblesocial cognition, including brain, genetic, hormonal,and physiological mechanisms.

Lasana T. Harris is Senior Lecturer in ExperimentalPsychology at University College London and GuestLecturer in Social and Organizational Psychology atLeiden University.

March 2017 • 224 pp. • 1 b & w illus. • $40.00/£29.95978-0-262-03596-5

THE COGNITIVE–EMOTIONALBRAINFrom Interactions to IntegrationLuiz PessoaThe idea that a specific brain circuit constitutes theemotional brain (and its corollary, that cognitionresides elsewhere) shaped thinking about emotion and

the brain for manyyears. Recent behav-ioral, neuropsychologi-cal, neuroanatomy, andneuroimaging research,however, suggests thatemotion interacts withcognition in the brain.In this book, LuizPessoa moves beyondthe debate over func-tional specialization,

describing the many ways that emotion and cognitioninteract and are integrated in the brain.

“...this is an extremely valuable book, both as a resourcefor those who want to understand the current state ofresearch on emotion and cognition, and as a coherent,well-supported challenge to the currently dominantunderstanding of the relationship between them.”

— Metapsychology

2013 • 336 pp. • 70 b & w illus. • 14 color plates $45.00/£34.95 978-0-262-01956-9


THINKING ABOUT ONESELFFrom Nonconceptual Content to the Concept of a SelfKristina MusholtIn this book, Kristina Musholt offers a novel theory of self-consciousness, understood as the ability to thinkabout oneself. Traditionally, self-consciousness has been central to many philosophical theories. More recently,it has become the focus of empirical investigation in psychology and neuroscience. Musholt draws both onphilosophical considerations and on insights from the empirical sciences to offer a new account of self-con-sciousness — the ability to think about ourselves that is at the core of what makes us human.

“While many have lost their way in the enchanted forest of self-consciousness, Kristina Musholt, with wonderful clar-ity, provides in Thinking about Oneself a straight path through the forest. It should set a new standard on how toaccount for the infant’s transformation from implicit self-consciousness to full-blown reflective self-consciousness.”

— John Barresi, retired Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University; coauthor of Naturalization of the Soul and The Rise and Fall of Soul and Self

2015 • 248 pp. • 1 illus. • $42.00/£31.95 978-0-262-02920-9


THE MORAL BRAINA Multidisciplinary Perspectiveedited by Jean Decety and Thalia WheatleyOver the past decade,an explosion of empir-ical research in a vari-ety of fields hasallowed us to under-stand human moralsensibility as a sophis-ticated integration ofcognitive, emotional,and motivationalmechanisms shapedthrough evolution,development, and cul-ture. Evolutionarybiologists have shown that moral cognition evolvedto aid cooperation; developmental psychologists havedemonstrated that the elements that underpinmorality are in place much earlier than we thought;and social neuroscientists have begun to map braincircuits implicated in moral decision making. Thisvolume offers an overview of current research on themoral brain, examining the topic from disciplinaryperspectives that range from anthropology and neu-rophilosophy to justice and law.

2015 • 290 pp. • 8 illus. • $37.00/£27.95978-0-262-02871-4

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THE SOCIAL TURN IN MORAL PSYCHOLOGYMark FedykIn this book, Mark Fedyk offers a novel analysis ofthe relationship between moral psychology and alliedfields in the social sciences. Fedyk shows how thesocial sciences can be integrated with moral philoso-phy, argues for the benefits of such an integration,and offers a new ethical theory that can be used tobridge research between the two.

Fedyk argues that moral psychology should take asocial turn, investigating the psychological processesthat motivate patterns of social behavior defined asethical using normative information extracted fromthe social sciences. He points out methodologicalproblems in conventional moral psychology, particu-larly the increasing methodological and conceptualinconsilience with both philosophical ethics and evo-lutionary biology. Fedyk’s “causal theory of ethics” isdesigned to provide moral psychology with an ethicaltheory that can be used without creating tensionbetween its scientific practice and the conceptualvocabulary of philosophical ethics.

Mark Fedyk is Assistant Professor in the Departmentof Philosophy at Mount Allison University.

January 2017 • 256 pp. • 7 b & w illus. $40.00/£29.95978-0-262-03556-9


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MORAL PSYCHOLOGY, VOLUME 5Virtue and Characteredited by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong and Christian B. MillerPhilosophers have discussed virtue and character since Socrates, but many traditional views have been challengedby recent findings in psychology and neuroscience. This fifth volume of Moral Psychology grows out of this newwave of interdisciplinary work on virtue, vice, and character. It offers essays, commentaries, and replies by leadingphilosophers and scientists who explain and use empirical findings from psychology and neuroscience to illumi-nate virtue and character and related issues in moral philosophy. The contributors discuss such topics as elimina-tivist and situationist challenges to character; investigate the conceptual and empirical foundations of self-control,honesty, humility, and compassion; and consider whether the virtues contribute to well-being.

Walter Sinnott-Armstrong is Stillman Professor ofPractical Ethics in the Philosophy Department and the Kenan Institute for Ethics at Duke University.Christian B. Miller is Professor of Philosophy at Wake Forest University and Director of the Character Project (www.thecharacterproject.com).

March 2017 • 632 pp. • 12 line drawings Paper • $45.00/£34.95978-0-262-53318-8Cloth • $100.00/£74.95978-0-262-03557-6

Contributors: S. E. Ahmari, H. Akil, D. M. Barch, M. Botvinick, M. Breakspear, C. S. Carter, M. V. Chafee, S. Denève, D. Durstewitz, M. B. First,S. B. Flagel, M. J. Frank, K. J. Friston, J. A. Gordon,K. M. Harlé, C. Huang, Q. J. M. Huys, P. W. Kalivas, J. H. Krystal, Z. Kurth-Nelson, A. W. MacDonald III,T. V. Maia, R. C. Malenka, S. J. Mathew, C. Mathys,P. R. Montague, R. Moran, T. I. Netoff, Y. Niv, J. P. O’Doherty, W. M. Pauli, M. P. Paulus, F. Petzschner, D. S. Pine, A. D. Redish, K. Ressler,K. Schmack, J. W. Smoller, K. E. Stephan, A. Thapar,H. Tost, N. Totah, J. L. Zick

THE MYTH OF THE MORAL BRAINThe Limits of Moral EnhancementHarris WisemanThroughout history, humanity has been seen as beingin need of improvement, most pressingly in need ofmoral improvement. Today, in what has been calledthe beginnings of “the golden age of neuroscience,”laboratory findings claim to offer insights into howthe brain “does” morality, even suggesting that it ispossible to make people more moral by manipulatingtheir biology. Can “moral bioenhancement” — usingtechnological or pharmaceutical means to boost themorally desirable and remove the morally problem-atic — bring about a morally improved humanity? InThe Myth of the Moral Brain, Harris Wisemanargues that moral functioning is immeasurably com-plex, mediated by biology but not determined by it.Morality cannot be engineered; there is no such thingas a “moral brain.”

“[Wiseman] argues compellingly against ‘neuroprimacy’in ethics . . . . Through his thoughtful critique of neuro-scientific reductionism, he provides a foundation forunderstanding the complexities of moral action . . . .The Myth of the Moral Brain is a cautionary tale of overconfidence in easy fixes for deep flaws.”

— New Scientist

2016 • 352 pp. • $38.00/£28.95978-0-262-03392-3Life and Mind: Philosophical Issues in Biology and Psychology

THE MEASURE OF MADNESSPhilosophy of Mind, Cognitive Neuroscience, and Delusional ThoughtPhilip GerransIn The Measure of Madness, Philip Gerrans offers a novel explanation of delusion. Over the last two

decades, philosophersand cognitive scientistshave investigatedexplanations of delu-sion that interweavephilosophical ques-tions about the natureof belief and rational-ity with findings fromcognitive science and neurobiology.Gerrans argues that once we fullydescribe the computa-

tional and neural mechanisms that produce delusionand the way in which conscious experience andthought depend on them, the concept of delusionalbelief retains only a heuristic role in the explanationof delusion.

A Bradford Book2014 • 296 pp. • 3 illus. • $42.00/£31.95 978-0-262-02755-7Life and Mind: Philosophical Issues in Biology and Psychology


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MORAL JUDGMENTS AS EDUCATED INTUITIONSHanno SauerRationalists about the psychology of moral judgment argue that moral cognition has a rational foundation.Recent challenges to this account, based on findings in the empirical psychology of moral judgment, contendthat moral thinking has no rational basis. In this book, Hanno Sauer argues that moral reasoning does play a role in moral judgment — but not, as is commonly supposed, because conscious reasoning produces moral judgments directly. Moral reasoning figures in the acquisition, formation, maintenance, and reflectivecorrection of moral intuitions. Sauer proposes that when we make moral judgments we draw on a stablerepertoire of intuitions about what is morally acceptable, which we have acquired over the course of our moral education — episodes of rational reflection that have established patterns for automatic judgment foundation. Moral judgments are educated and rationally amenable moral intuitions.

Hanno Sauer is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the University of Duisberg-Essen.

January 2017 • 328 pp. • 13 b & w illus. • $50.00/£37.95978-0-262-03560-6

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DISTURBED CONSCIOUSNESSNew Essays on Psychopathology and Theories of Consciousnessedited by Rocco J. GennaroIn Disturbed Consciousness, philosophers and otherscholars examine various psychopathologies in lightof specific philosophical theories of consciousness.The contributing authors — some of them discussingor defending their own theoretical work — considernot only how a theory of consciousness can accountfor a specific psychopathological condition but alsohow the characteristics of a psychopathology mightchallenge such a theory. Each essay offers a distinc-tive perspective from the intersection of philosophy,consciousness research, and psychiatry.

2015 • 392 pp. • 3 illus. • $48.00/£35.95 978-0-262-02934-6Philosophical Psychopathology series

TRANSLATIONAL NEUROSCIENCEToward New Therapies edited by Karoly Nikolich and Steven E. HymanToday, translational neuroscience faces significantchallenges. Available therapies to treat brain andnervous system disorders are extremely limited anddated, and further development has effectively ceased.Disinvestment by the private sector occurred just aspromising new technologies in genomics, stem cellbiology, and neuroscience emerged to offer new pos-sibilities. In this volume, experts from both academiaand industry discuss how novel technologies andreworked translation concepts can create a moreeffective translational neuroscience.

The contributors consider such topics as usinggenomics and neuroscience for better diagnostics andbiomarker identification; new approaches to diseasebased on stem cell technology and more careful use ofanimal models; and greater attention to human biol-ogy and what it will take to make new therapies avail-able for clinical use. They conclude with a conceptualroadmap for an effective and credible translationalneuroscience — one informed by a disease-focusedknowledge base and clinical experience.

2015 • 352 pp. • 5 color, 8 b & w illus. • $53.00/£39.95 978-0-262-02986-5Strüngmann Forum Reports

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EXTRAORDINARY SCIENCE AND PSYCHIATRYResponses to the Crisis in MentalHealth Research edited by Jeffrey Poland and Şerife TekinPsychiatry and mental health research is in crisis, withtensions between psychiatry’s clinical and researchaims and controversies over diagnosis, treatment, andscientific constructs for studying mental disorders. At the center of these controversies is the Diagnosticand Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM),which — especially after the publication of DSM-5— many have found seriously flawed as a guide forresearch. This book addresses the crisis and the associ-ated “extraordinary science” (Thomas Kuhn’s term forscientific research during a state of crisis) from theperspective of philosophy of science. The goal is tohelp reconcile the competing claims of science andphenomenology within psychiatry and to offer newinsights for the philosophy of science.

The contributors discuss the epistemological originsof the current crisis, the nature of evidence in psy-chiatric research, and the National Institute forMental Health’s Research Domain Criteria project.They consider particular research practices in psychi-atry — computational, personalized, mechanistic,and user-led — and the specific categories of schizo-phrenia, depressive disorder, and bipolar disorder.Finally, they examine the DSM’s dubious practice ofpathologizing normality.

Jeffrey Poland is Visiting Professor of Science and Technology Studies at Brown University and a Senior Lecturer in History, Philosophy, andSocial Science at Rhode Island School of Design.Şerife Tekin is Assistant Professor in the Departmentof Philosophy and Religious Studies at DaemenCollege, Amherst, New York.

January 2017 • 334 pp. • 6 b & w illus. $50.00/£37.95978-0-262-03548-4


Contributors: R. P. Bentall, J. Bickle, R. Bluhm, R. Cooper, K. Cratsley, O. Flanagan, M. Frank, G. Graham, G. A. Hoffman, H. Kincaid, A. Kostko, E. Machery, J. Poland, C. Pouncey, Ş. Tekin, P. Zachar

AFTER PHRENOLOGYNeural Reuse and the Interactive BrainMichael L. AndersonThe computer analogy of the mind has been as widely adopted in contemporarycognitive neuroscience as was the analogy of the brain as a collection of organs inphrenology. Just as the phrenologist would insist that each organ must have itsparticular function, so contemporary cognitive neuroscience is committed to thenotion that each brain region must have its fundamental computation. In AfterPhrenology, Michael Anderson argues that to achieve a fully post-phrenologicalscience of the brain, we need to reassess this commitment and devise an alternate,neuroscientifically grounded taxonomy of mental function.

Anderson contends that the cognitive roles played by each region of the brainare highly various, reflecting different neural partnerships established under dif-

ferent circumstances. He proposes quantifying the functional properties of neural assemblies in terms of their dispositional tendencies rather than their computational or information-processing operations. Exploringlarger-scale issues, and drawing on evidence from embodied cognition, Anderson develops a picture of think-ing rooted in the exploitation and extension of our early-evolving capacity for iterated interaction with theworld. He argues that the multidimensional approach to the brain he describes offers a much better fit forthese findings, and a more promising road toward a unified science of minded organisms.

“After Phrenology by Michael L. Anderson is a unique and thought-provoking contribution to the current debateon how cognition interfaces with the environment and how we can move scientific studies of the brain forward. Histheory of 'neural reuse' is a proposal for how we may re-frame the debate and fills in some of the gaps that exist nowwhen we communicate about the mind, the brain, and the environment.”

— Leonardo

A Bradford Book2015 • 432 pp. • 7 color, 26 b & w illus. • $48.00/£35.95 978-0-262-02810-3

THE HANDBOOK OF ATTENTIONedited by Jonathan M. Fawcett, Evan F. Risko, and Alan KingstoneLaboratory research on human attention has often been conducted under condi-tions that bear little resemblance to the complexity of our everyday lives.Although this research has yielded interesting discoveries, few scholars have trulyconnected these findings to natural experiences. This book bridges the gapbetween “laboratory and life” by bringing together cutting-edge research usingtraditional methodologies with research that focuses on attention in everydaycontexts. It offers definitive reviews by both established and rising research starson foundational topics such as visual attention and cognitive control, underrepre-sented domains such as auditory and temporal attention, and emerging areas of

investigation such as mind wandering and embodied attention.

The contributors discuss a range of approaches and methodologies, including psychophysics, mental chronom-etry, stationary and mobile eye-tracking, and electrophysiological and functional brain imaging. Chapters oneveryday attention consider such diverse activities as driving, shopping, reading, multitasking, and playingvideogames. All chapters present their topics in the same overall format: historical context, current research, thepossible integration of laboratory and real-world approaches, future directions, and key and outstanding issues.

2016 • 704 pp. • 6 color plates, 67 b & w illus. • $69.00/£51.95 978-0-262-02969-8


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CANNABINOIDS AND THE BRAINLinda A. Parker The cannabis plant has been used for recreational and medicinal purposes for more than 4,000 years, but thescientific investigation into its effects has only recently yielded useful results. In this book, Linda Parker offers areview of the scientific evidence on the effects of cannabinoids on brain and behavioral functioning, with anemphasis on potential therapeutic uses.

Parker describes the discovery of tetrahydocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive component of cannabis,and the further discovery of cannabinoid receptors in the brain. She explains that the brain produces chemicalssimilar to THC, which act on the same receptors as THC, and shows that the endocannabinoid system isinvolved in all aspects of brain functioning. Parker reports that cannabis contains not only the psychoactivecompound THC, but also other compounds of potential therapeutic benefit, and that one of them, cannabidiol(CBD), shows promise for the treatment of pain, anxiety, and epilepsy. Parker reviews the evidence on cannabi-noids and anxiety, depression, mood, sleep, schizophrenia, learning and memory, addiction, sex, appetite andobesity, chemotherapy-induced nausea, epilepsy, and such neurodegenerative disorders as multiple sclerosis andAlzheimer’s Disease. Each chapter also links the scientific evidence to historical and anecdotal reports of themedicinal use of cannabis.

As debate about the medical use of marijuana continues, Parker’s balanced and objective review of the funda-mental science and potential therapeutic effects of cannabis is especially timely.

Linda A. Parker is Professor in the Psychology and Collaborative Neuroscience Program and Canada ResearchChair in Behavioural Neuroscience at the University of Guelph.

March 2017 • 248 pp. • 11 illus. • $35.00/£24.95978-0-262-03579-8

WHAT THE BODY COMMANDSThe Imperative Theory of PainColin KleinIn What the Body Commands, Colin Klein proposes and defends a novel theoryof pain. Klein argues that pains are imperative; they are sensations with a con-tent, and that content is a command to protect the injured part of the body. He terms this view “imperativism about pain,” and argues that imperativismcan account for two puzzling features of pain: its strong motivating power and its uninformative nature. Klein argues that the biological purpose of pain is homeostatic; like hunger and thirst, pain helps solve a challenge to bodilyintegrity. It does so by motivating you to act in ways that help the body recover.If you obey pain’s command, you get better (in ordinary circumstances). Hedevelops his account to handle a variety of pain phenomena and applies it tosolve a number of historically puzzling cases. Klein’s intent is to defend the imperativist view in a pure form —without requiring pain to represent facts about the world.

Klein presents a model of imperative content showing that intrinsically motivating sensations are best under-stood as imperatives, and argues that pain belongs to this class. He considers the distinction between pain andsuffering; explains how pain motivates; addresses variations among pains; and offers an imperativist account of maladaptive pains, pains that don’t appear to hurt, masochism, and why pain feels bad.

2015 • 232 pp. • $42.00/£31.95978-0-262-02970-4




WHY ONLY USLanguage and EvolutionRobert C. Berwick and Noam ChomskyWe are born crying, but those cries signal the firststirring of language. Within a year or so, infants mas-ter the sound system oftheir language; a fewyears after that, theyare engaging in con-versations. Thisremarkable, species-specific ability toacquire any humanlanguage — “the lan-guage faculty” — raisesimportant biologicalquestions about lan-guage, including howit has evolved. This book by two distinguished schol-ars — a computer scientist and a linguist — addressesthe enduring question of the evolution of language.

Robert Berwick and Noam Chomsky explain thatuntil recently the evolutionary question could not beproperly posed, because we did not have a clear ideaof how to define “language” and therefore what it wasthat had evolved. But since the Minimalist Program,developed by Chomsky and others, we know the keyingredients of language and can put together anaccount of the evolution of human language and whatdistinguishes us from all other animals.

Berwick and Chomsky discuss the biolinguistic per-spective on language, which views language as a par-ticular object of the biological world; thecomputational efficiency of language as a system ofthought and understanding; the tension betweenDarwin’s idea of gradual change and our contempo-rary understanding about evolutionary change andlanguage; and evidence from nonhuman animals, inparticular vocal learning in songbirds.

“Will fascinate anyone interested in the extraordinaryphenomenon of language.”

— Ian Tattersall, New York Review of Books

April 2017 • 224 pp. • 4 color, 7 b & w illus. • paper •$15.95/£11.95978-0-262-53349-2(Cloth 2015)

CREATING LANGUAGEIntegrating Evolution, Acquisition, and ProcessingMorten H. Christiansen and Nick ChaterForeword by Peter W. CulicoverLanguage is a hallmark of the human species; theflexibility and unbounded expressivity of our linguis-tic abilities is unique in the biological world. In thisbook, Morten Christiansen and Nick Chater arguethat to understand this astonishing phenomenon,

we must consider howlanguage is created:moment by moment,in the generation andunderstanding of indi-vidual utterances; yearby year, as new lan-guage learners acquirelanguage skills; andgeneration by genera-tion, as languageschange, split, and fusethrough the processesof cultural evolution.

Christiansen and Chater propose a revolutionarynew framework for understanding the evolution,acquisition, and processing of language, offering anintegrated theory of how language creation is inter-twined across these multiple timescales.

2016 • 344 pp. • 18 illus. • $40.00/£29.95978-0-262-03431-9

LANGUAGE, MUSIC, AND THE BRAINA Mysterious Relationship edited by Michael A. Arbib

2013 • 582 pp. • 32 b & w illus., 45 color plates $57.00/£42.95978-0-262-01810-4Strüngmann Forum Reports


THE BOUNDARIES OF BABELThe Brain and the Enigma ofImpossible LanguagesSecond Edition

Andrea Morowith a new foreword by Noam ChomskyThe new edition of a pioneering book that examinesresearch at the intersection of contemporary theoreti-cal linguistics and the cognitive neurosciences.

2015 • 328 pp. • 24 illus. • paper • $32.00/£23.95 978-0-262-02985-8Current Studies in Linguistics

DOLPHIN COMMUNICATIONAND COGNITIONPast, Present, and Futureedited by Denise L. Herzing and Christine M. JohnsonExperts survey the latest research on dolphin commu-nication and cognition, offering a comprehensive refer-ence to findings in the laboratory and from the field.

2015 • 320 pp. • 13 illus. • $37.00/£27.95 978-0-262-02967-4

BIRDSONG, SPEECH, AND LANGUAGEExploring the Evolution of Mind and Brainedited by Johan J. Bolhuis and Martin EveraertForeword by Robert C. Berwick and Noam ChomskyProminent scholars consider the cognitive and neuralsimilarities between birdsong and human speech and language.

“Birdsong, Speech,and Language is rec-ommended not only toanyone who is inter-ested in the foundationsof birdsong and its relation to human language and speech,but also to anyone whowants to take a look atwhere biolinguistics ishopefully heading.”

— Pedro Tiago Martins, Biolinguistics

2016 • 560 pp. • 93 illus. • paper • $34.00/£24.95978-0-262-52884-9(Cloth 2013)


NEW

IMPOSSIBLE LANGUAGESAndrea MoroCan there be such a thing as an impossible human language? A biologist coulddescribe an impossible animal as one that goes against the physical laws ofnature (entropy, for example, or gravity). Are there any such laws that constrainlanguages? In this book, Andrea Moro — a distinguished linguist and neurosci-entist — investigates the possibility of impossible languages, searching, as hedoes so, for the indelible “fingerprint” of human language.

Moro shows how the very notion of impossible languages has helped shaperesearch on the ultimate aim of linguistics: to define the class of possible humanlanguages. He takes us beyond the boundaries of Babel, to the set of propertiesthat, despite appearances, all languages share, and explores the sources of thatorder, drawing on scientific experiments he himself helped design. Moro compares syntax to the reverse side of a tapestry revealing a hidden and apparently intricate structure. He describes the brain as a sieve, considersthe reality of (linguistic) trees, and listens for the sound of thought by recording electrical activity in the brain.Words and sentences, he tells us, are like symphonies and constellations: they have no content of their own;they exist because we listen to them and look at them. We are part of the data.

Andrea Moro is Professor of General Linguistics at the Institute for Advanced Study IUSS Pavia, Italy, where he is also Director of the Research Center for Neurolinguistics and Theoretical Syntax (NEtS).

2016 • 160 pp. • 1 illus. • $21.95/£16.95 978-0-262-03489-0

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• Outstanding Academic Book, 2012, Choice Magazine


CONSCIOUSNESSConfessions of a Romantic ReductionistChristof KochChristof Koch hasdevoted much of hiscareer to bridging theseemingly unbridge-able gap between thephysics of the brainand phenomenal expe-rience. This engagingbook — part scientificoverview, part memoir,part futurist specula-tion — describesKoch’s search for anempirical explanationfor consciousness.Koch recounts notonly the birth of themodern science of consciousness but also the subter-ranean motivation for his quest — his instinctual (if“romantic”) belief that life is meaningful. He gives usstories from the front lines of modern research intothe neurobiology of consciousness as well as his ownreflections on a variety of topics, including the dis-tinction between attention and awareness, the uncon-scious, how neurons respond to Homer Simpson, thephysics and biology of free will, dogs, Der Ring desNibelungen, sentient machines, the loss of his beliefin a personal God, and sadness. All of them are sign-posts in the pursuit of his life’s work: to uncover theroots of consciousness.

“The book will leave you with a small piece of Koch'sown consciousness, plucked from his head and deliveredinto yours.”

— Laura Sanders, Science News“I argued with Koch all the way through this book. AndI loved every minute of it.”

— Robert Stickgold, Nature

February 2017 • 200 pp. • paper • $16.95/£12.95978-0-262-53350-8(Cloth 2012)

THE BRAIN’S REPRESENTATIONAL POWER On Consciousness and the Integration of ModalitiesCyriel M. A. PennartzAlthough science has made considerable progress indiscovering the neural basis of cognitive processes,

how consciousnessarises remains elusive.In this book, CyrielPennartz analyzeswhich aspects of con-scious experience canbe peeled away toaccess its core: the“hardest” aspect, therelationship betweenbrain processes and thesubjective, qualitative

nature of consciousness. Pennartz traces the problemback to its historical roots in the foundations of neu-roscience and connects early ideas on sensory process-ing to contemporary computational neuroscience.

2015 • 392 pp. • 14 color plates, 81 illus. $48.00/£35.95 978-0-262-02931-5

CONSCIOUSNESS, ATTENTION,AND CONSCIOUS ATTENTIONCarlos Montemayor and Harry Haroutioun HaladjianIn this book, Carlos Montemayor and HarryHaladjian consider the relationship between con-sciousness and attention. The cognitive mechanism ofattention has often been compared to consciousness,because attention and consciousness appear to sharesimilar qualities. But, Montemayor and Haladjianpoint out, attention is defined functionally, whereasconsciousness is generally defined in terms of its phe-nomenal character without a clear functional purpose.They offer new insights and proposals about how bestto understand and study the relationship betweenconsciousness and attention by examining their func-tional aspects. The book’s ultimate conclusion is thatconsciousness and attention are largely dissociated.

2015 • 292 pp. • 10 illus. • $42.00/£31.95978-0-262- 02897-4


“Science writing at its best.”— Anil Seth,

Times Higher Education

HOW WE REMEMBERBrain Mechanisms of Episodic MemoryMichael E. HasselmoEpisodic memory proves essential for daily function,allowing us to remember where we parked the car,what time we walked the dog, or what a friend saidearlier. In How We Remember, Michael Hasselmodraws on recent developments in neuroscience topresent a new model describing the brain mecha-nisms for encoding and remembering such events asspatiotemporal trajectories. He reviews physiologicalbreakthroughs on the regions implicated in episodicmemory, including the discovery of grid cells, the cel-lular mechanisms of persistent spiking and resonantfrequency, and the topographic coding of space andtime. These discoveries inspire a theory for under-standing the encoding and retrieval of episodic mem-ory not just as discrete snapshots but as a dynamicreplay of spatiotemporal trajectories, allowing us to“retrace our steps” to recover a memory.

“A valuable resource of information to both readersnaıve of the principles of neuroscience and more experi-enced brain researchers.”

—Vassilis Cutsuridis, Hippocampus

2013 • 384 pp. • 8 color plates, 111 b & w illus. Paper • $35.00/£24.95 978-0-262-52533-6(Cloth 2011)

DREAMINGA Conceptual Framework for Philosophy of Mind and Empirical ResearchJennifer M. WindtA comprehensive proposal for a conceptual frame-work for describing conscious experience in dreams,integrating philosophy of mind, sleep and dreamresearch, and interdisciplinary consciousness studies.

“This magnificent bookis the best philosophicalstudy of dreaming, barnone. It’s also an out-standing work of cogni-tive science, with hugeimportance for sleep anddream research, as wellas the neuroscience ofconsciousness. Offeringsuperb synthesis andoriginal theory, this

book sets a new standard for the science and philosophyof dreaming in the twenty-first century.”

— Evan Thompson, Professor of Philosophy,University of British Columbia; author of

Waking, Dreaming, Being and Mind in Life

2015 • 840 pp. • 1 color, 4 b & w illus. $69.00/£51.95978-0-262-02867-7


NEW

NEUROPLASTICITYMoheb CostandiFifty years ago, neuroscientists thought that a mature brain was fixed like a fly in amber, unable to change. Today, we know that our brains and nervoussystems change throughout our lifetimes. This concept of neuroplasticity hascaptured the imagination of a public eager for self-improvement — and hasinspired countless Internet entrepreneurs who peddle dubious “brain training”games and apps. In this book, Moheb Costandi offers a concise and engagingoverview of neuroplasticity for the general reader, describing how our brainschange continuously in response to our actions and experiences.

Moheb Costandi writes the Neurophilosophy blog for The Guardian and is the author of 50 Human Brain Ideas You Really Need to Know.

2016 • 200 pp. • 5 illus. • paper • $15.95/£11.95 978-0-262-52933-4The MIT Press Essential Knowledge series


ELBOW ROOMThe Varieties of Free Will Worth WantingNew Edition

Daniel C. Dennettwith a new preface and afterword by the authorIn this landmark 1984work on free will,Daniel Dennett makesa case for compatibil-ism. His aim, as hewrites in the preface tothis new edition, was acleanup job, “savingeverything that mat-tered about the every-day concept of freewill, while jettisoningthe impediments.” InElbow Room, Dennett argues that the varieties of freewill worth wanting — those that underwrite moraland artistic responsibility — are not threatened byadvances in science but distinguished, explained, andjustified in detail.

Dennett tackles the question of free will in a highlyoriginal and witty manner, drawing on the theoriesand concepts of fields that range from physics and evo-lutionary biology to engineering, automata theory, andartificial intelligence. He shows how the classical for-mulations of the problem in philosophy depend onmisuses of imagination, and he disentangles the philo-sophical problems of real interest from the “family ofanxieties” in which they are often enmeshed — imagi-nary agents and bogeymen, including the PeremptoryPuppeteer, the Nefarious Neurosurgeon, and theCosmic Child Whose Dolls We Are. Putting sociobiol-ogy in its rightful place, he concludes that we can havefree will and science too. He explores reason, controland self-control, the meaning of “can” and “could havedone otherwise,” responsibility and punishment, andwhy we would want free will in the first place.

A Bradford Book2015 • 248 pp. • paper • $22.95/£17.95 978-0-262-52779-8

• Winner, 2013 American Publishers Award forProfessional and Scholarly Excellence (PROSE Award)in Biological and Life Sciences, AAP/PSP Division

THE NEURAL BASIS OF FREE WILLCriterial CausationPeter Ulric TseThe issues of mental causation, consciousness, andfree will have vexed philosophers since Plato. In thisbook, Peter Tse examines these unresolved issues from a neuroscientific perspective. In contrast with

philosophers who uselogic rather than datato argue whether men-tal causation or con-sciousness can existgiven unproven firstassumptions, Tse proposes that weinstead listen to whatneurons have to say.

Tse draws on excitingrecent neuroscientificdata concerning howinformational causa-tion is realized in phys-ical causation at thelevel of NMDA recep-tors, synapses, den-drites, neurons, andneuronal circuits. He

argues that a particular kind of strong free will and“downward” mental causation are realized in rapidsynaptic plasticity. Such informational causation can-not change the physical basis of information realized in the present, but it can change the physical basis ofinformation that may be realized in the immediatefuture. This gets around the standard argument againstfree will centered on the impossibility of self-causation.Tse explores the ways that mental causation and qualiamight be realized in this kind of neuronal and associ-ated information-processing architecture.

“I love Tse's book. It has literally set me free. It explainsthese ideas in full glory, in exquisite detail...”

— Stephen Macknik, Scientific American

2015 • 472 pp. • 28 illus. • paper • $30.00/£22.95 978-0-262-52831-3(Cloth 2013)


“... a groundbreaking newparadigm about how themind works.”

— New York Journal of Books

FEELING BEAUTY The Neuroscience of AestheticExperienceG. Gabrielle StarrA theory of the neuralbases of aesthetic expe-rience across the arts,which draws on thetools of both cognitiveneuroscience and traditional humanistinquiry.

“An elegantly written(lucid and even liter-ary) examination of theneurobiology of aesthetic experience crossing poetry,visual art, and music. . . . promises to become a classic.”

— Gregory F. Tague, ASEBL Journal


NEUROSCIENCE OF CREATIVITYedited by Oshin Vartanian, Adam S. Bristol, and James C. KaufmanExperts describe current perspectives and experimen-tal approaches to understanding the neural bases of creativity.

“A valuable overview of the major issues in this emergingfield.”

— David Ludden, PsycCRITIQUES

2016 • 330 pp. 9 color, 20 b & w illus. Paper • $37.00/£27.95978-0-262-52902-0(Cloth 2013)

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MIND IN ARCHITECTURENeuroscience, Embodiment, and the Future of Designedited by Sarah Robinson and Juhani PallasmaaArchitecture is late in discovering the richness of neuroscientific research. As scientists were finding evidence for the bodily basis of mind and meaning,architecture was caught up in convoluted cerebral games that denied emotionaland bodily reality altogether. Mind in Architecture maps the extraordinaryopportunity that engagement with cutting-edge neuroscience offers present-dayarchitects. In this volume, leading thinkers from architecture and other disci-plines, including neuroscience, cognitive science, psychiatry, and philosophy,explore what architecture and neuroscience can learn from each other. They offer historical context, examinethe implications for current architectural practice and education, and imagine a neuroscientifically informedarchitecture of the future.

“For anyone interested in thinking about the broader implications of perceptually oriented neuroscience, Mind inArchitecture presents an interesting read.”

— Todd C. Handy, Perception

February 2017 • 272 pp. 47 color, 24 b & w illus. • paper • $24.95/£18.95978-0-262-53360-7(Cloth 2015)

Contributors: T. D. Albright, M. Arbib, J. P. Eberhard,M. Farling, V. Gallese, A. Gattara, M. L. Johnson, H. F. Mallgrave, I. McGilchrist, J. Pallasmaa, A. Pérez-Gómez, S. Robinson



THE HUMAN ADVANTAGEHow Our Brains Became RemarkableSuzana Herculano-HouzelHumans are awesome. Our brains are gigantic, seventimes larger than they should be for the size of ourbodies. So the human brain is special, right? Wrong,according to SuzanaHerculano-Houzel. Inthis book, she showsthat it is not the sizeof our brain that mat-ters but the fact thatwe have more neuronsin the cerebral cortexthan any other ani-mal, thanks to ourancestors’ invention,some 1.5 million yearsago, of a more effi-cient way to obtaincalories: cooking.

Because we are pri-mates, ingesting morecalories in less timemade possible therapid acquisition of ahuge number of neurons in the still fairly small cere-bral cortex — the part of the brain responsible forfinding patterns, reasoning, developing technology,and passing it on through culture. Herculano-Houzelshows us how she came to these conclusions — making “brain soup” to determine the number ofneurons in the brain, for example, and bringing animal brains in a suitcase through customs. TheHuman Advantage is an engaging and original lookat how we became remarkable without ever beingspecial.

“Convincing, fun, and inspiring. The HumanAdvantage is a game-changer.”

— Richard Wrangham, author of Catching Fire: How Cooking Made Us Human

April 2017 • 272 pp. • 79 b & w illus. Paper • $16.95/£12.95978-0-262-53353-9(Cloth 2016)

THE ENCULTURED BRAINAn Introduction to Neuroanthropologyedited by Daniel H. Lende and Greg DowneyBasic concepts and case studies from an emergingfield that investigates human capacities and patholo-gies at the intersection of brain and culture.

2015 • 448 pp. • 9 illus. • $35.00/£24.95978-0-262-52749-1(Cloth 2012)

THE ANCIENT ORIGINS OF CONSCIOUSNESSHow the Brain Created ExperienceTodd E. Feinberg and Jon M. MallattHow consciousness appeared much earlier in evolu-tionary history than is commonly assumed, and whyall vertebrates and perhaps even some invertebratesare conscious.

2016 • 352 pp. • 55 illus. • $35.00/£24.95978-0-262-03433-3

EVOLUTION IN FOUR DIMENSIONSGenetic, Epigenetic, Behavioral, and Symbolic Variation on the History of Life Revised Edition

Eva Jablonka and Marion J. Lambillustrated by Anna ZeligowskiThis new edition of the widely read Evolution inFour Dimensions has been revised to reflect the spateof new discoveries in biology since the book was firstpublished in 2005, offering corrections, an updatedbibliography, and a substantial new chapter. EvaJablonka and Marion Lamb’s pioneering argumentproposes that there is more to heredity than genes.They describe four “dimensions” in heredity — fourinheritance systems that play a role in evolution:genetic, epigenetic (or non-DNA cellular transmis-sion of traits), behavioral, and symbolic (transmissionthrough language and other forms of symbolic com-munication). These systems, they argue, can all pro-vide variations on which natural selection can act.

2014 • 520 pp. • 73 illus. • paper • $33.95/£24.95978-0-262-52584-8


“[An] engaging work…Herculano-Houzel puts herexpertise as a science journal-ist to good use.”

— Publishers Weekly

NEW

THE RATIONALITY QUOTIENTToward a Test of Rational ThinkingKeith E. Stanovich, Richard F. West, andMaggie E. ToplakWhy are we surprised when smart people act fool-ishly? Smart people do foolish things all the time.Misjudgments and bad decisions by highly educatedbankers and money managers, for example, broughtus the financial crisis of 2008. Smart people do fool-ish things because intelligence is not the same as the capacity for rational thinking. The RationalityQuotient explains that these two traits, often (andincorrectly) thought of as one, refer to different cogni-tive functions. The standard IQ test, the authorsargue, doesn’t measure any of the broad componentsof rationality — adaptive responding, good judgment,and good decision making.

The authors show that rational thinking, like intelli-gence, is a measurable cognitive competence.Drawing on theoretical work and empirical researchfrom the last two decades, they present the first pro-totype for an assessment of rational thinking analo-gous to the IQ test: the CART (ComprehensiveAssessment of Rational Thinking).

Keith E. Stanovich is Professor Emeritus of AppliedPsychology and Human Development at theUniversity of Toronto. Richard F. West is ProfessorEmeritus in the Department of Graduate Psychologyat James Madison University. Maggie E. Toplak isAssociate Professor of Psychology at York University.

2016 • 464 pp. • 14 illus. • $39.00/£28.95 978-0-262-03484-5

NEW

THE DIGITAL MINDHow Science Is Redefining HumanityArlindo OliveiraWhat do computers, cells, and brains have in com-mon? Computers are electronic devices designed by

humans; cells are bio-logical entities craftedby evolution; brains arethe containers and cre-ators of our minds. Butall are, in one way oranother, information-processing devices. Thepower of the humanbrain is, so far,unequaled by any exist-ing machine or knownliving being. Over eonsof evolution, the brain

has enabled us to develop tools and technology tomake our lives easier. Our brains have even allowed usto develop computers that are almost as powerful asthe human brain itself. In this book, Arlindo Oliveiradescribes how advances in science and technologycould enable us to create digital minds.

Arlindo Oliveira is President of Instituto SuperiorTécnico (Técnico Lisboa), where he is also Professor inthe Computer Science and Engineering Department.

February 2017 • 336 pp. • 48 b & w illus. $29.95/£22.95978-0-262-03603-0

27


THE LEAST LIKELY MANMarshall Nirenberg and the Discovery of the Genetic Code Franklin H. Portugal In 1968, Marshall Nirenberg, an unassuming government scientist working at the National Institutes of Health, shared the Nobel Prize for cracking thegenetic code. He was the least likely man to make such an earth-shaking discov-ery, and yet he had gotten there before such members of the scientific elite asJames Watson and Francis Crick. How did Nirenberg do it, and why is he solittle known? In The Least Likely Man, Franklin Portugal tells the fascinatinglife story of a famous scientist that most of us have never heard of.

“Nirenberg’s brilliant contribution deserves to be more widely-known. Portugal’s fascinating book can only help.”— Matthew Cobb, New Scientist



Abraham: Rebel Genius ................................................. 9Anderson: After Phrenology ....................................... 18Arbib: From Neuron to Cognition via Computational Neuroscience ................................. IFArbib: Language, Music, and the Brain ..................... 20Arbib: The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks ..................................................... 8Ascoli: Trees of the Brain, Roots of the Mind.............. 6Austin: Living Zen Remindfully ................................... 12 Austin: Zen-Brain Horizons......................................... 12Ballard: Brain Computation as Hierarchical Abstraction ............................................... 8Berwick: Why Only Us .................................................. 20Bolhuis: Birdsong, Speech, and Language................ 21Christiansen: Creating Language................................ 20Churchland: The Computational Brain, 25th Anniversary Edition .............................................. 8Cohen: Analyzing Neural Time Series Data ................ 5Cohen: MATLAB for Brain and Cognitive Scientists... 5Computational Psychiatry Journal ................................ 2Costandi: Neuroplasticity ............................................. 23Dayan: Theoretical Neuroscience.................................. 4Decety: The Moral Brain .............................................. 15Dennett: Elbow Room.................................................. 24Dowling: Vision............................................................. 10Durt: Embodiment, Enaction, and Culture ................ 11Engel: The Pragmatic Turn .......................................... 13Fawcett: The Handbook of Attention........................ 18Fedyk: The Social Turn in Moral Psychology.............. 15Feinberg: The Ancient Origins of Consciousness ...... 26Feynman: The Character of Physical Law ................. BCFried: Single Neuron Studies of the Human Brain...... 4Gazzaley: The Distracted Mind ..................................... 1Gazzaniga: The Cognitive Neurosciences ................... 4Gennaro: Disturbed Consciousness............................ 17Gerrans: The Measure of Madness ............................. 16Glickstein: Neuroscience ................................................ 9Guenther: Neural Control of Speech............................ 7Harris: Invisible Mind .................................................. 14Hasselmo: How We Remember................................... 23Herculano-Houzel: The Human Advantage............... 26Herzing: Dolphin Communication and Cognition ... 21Hutto: Evolving Enactivism .......................................... 13Jablonka: Evolution in Four Dimensions.................... 26Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ............................. 29Klein: What the Body Commands .............................. 19Koch: Consciousness ..................................................... 22Kramer: Case Studies in Neural Data Analysis............ IFLende: The Encultured Brain ....................................... 26Lu: Visual Psychophysics ............................................... 10

Luck: An Introduction to the Event-Related Potential Technique........................................................ 5Madary: Visual Phenomenology ................................. 10Marr: Vision................................................................... 10McCulloch: Embodiments of Mind ............................... 9MIT CogNet ................................................................... 29Montemayor: Consciousness, Attention, and Conscious Attention ............................................. 22Moro: Impossible Languages....................................... 21Moro: The Boundaries of Babel.................................. 21Musholt: Thinking about Oneself............................... 14Nautilus Journal............................................................ 29Network Neuroscience Journal ..................................... 3Neural Computation Journal....................................... 29Nikolich: Translational Neuroscience.......................... 17Oliveira: The Digital Mind ........................................... 27Open Mind: Discoveries in Cognitive Science Journal.. 2Parker: Cannabinoids and the Brain .......................... 19Pennartz: The Brain’s Representational Power ........ 22Pessoa: The Cognitive–Emotional Brain..................... 14Poggio: Visual Cortex and Deep Networks.................. 7Poland: Extraordinary Science and Psychiatry ........... 17Portugal: The Least Likely Man................................... 27Ramón y Cajal: Advice for a Young Investigator ........ 9Ramón y Cajal: Recollections of my Life ...................... 9Redish: Computational Psychiatry ................................ 2Robinson: Mind in Architecture.................................. 25Sauer: Moral Judgments as Educated Intuitions....... 16Schneider: Brain Structure and Its Origins ................... 6Sherman: Functional Connections of Cortical Areas .. 4Sinnott-Armstrong: Moral Psychology, Volume 5 ..... 15Sporns: Discovering the Human Connectome............. 3Sporns: Networks of the Brain ...................................... 3Stanovich: The Rationality Quotient .......................... 27Starr: Feeling Beauty ................................................... 25Sterling: Principles of Neural Design ............................ 6Tse: The Neural Basis of Free Will ............................... 24Varela: The Embodied Mind........................................ 11Vartanian: Neuroscience of Creativity........................ 25Wegner: The Illusion of Conscious Will...................... 13Werner: The New Visual Neurosciences..................... 10Westphal: The Mind–Body Problem ........................... 13Windt: Dreaming.......................................................... 23Wiseman: The Myth of the Moral Brain .................... 16Wittmann: Felt Time ................................................... 12

28 Prices are subject to change without notice.

INDEX

Address queries, proposals, and manuscripts to:Robert Prior, Executive Editor, NeuroscienceThe MIT Press • One Rogers StreetCambridge, MA [email protected]

NEURAL COMPUTATIONTerrence J. Sejnowski, Editor-in-ChiefMonthlyNeural Computation disseminatesimportant, multidisciplinaryresearch in a field that attracts psy-chologists, physicists, computerscientists, neuroscientists, and arti-ficial intelligence investigators,among others. For researcherslooking at the scientific and engi-neering challenges of understand-ing the brain and buildingcomputers, Neural Computationhighlights common problems andtechniques in modeling the brain,and in the design and construc-tion of neurally-inspired informa-tion processing systems. Timely,short communications, full-lengthresearch articles, and reviews focuson advances in the field and alsocover the broad range of inquisi-tion into all aspects of neuralcomputation.

Electronic Only288 pp. per issue, 6 x 9, illustratedISSN 0899-7667, E-ISSN 1530-888Xmitpressjournals.org/neco

JOURNAL OF COGNITIVENEUROSCIENCEMark D’Esposito, MD, Editor-in-ChiefMonthlyJournal of Cognitive Neuroscienceinvestigates brain-behavior interac-tion and promotes lively inter-change among the mind sciences.Contributions address bothdescriptions of function andunderlying brain events and reflectthe interdisciplinary nature of thefield, covering developments inneuroscience, neuropsychology,cognitive psychology, neurobiol-ogy, linguistics, computer science,and philosophy.

Published by The MIT Press andthe Cognitive NeuroscienceInstitute.

Electronic Only208 pp. per issue, 8 1/2 x 11, illustratedISSN 0898-929X, E-ISSN 1530-8898mitpressjournals.org/jocn

NAUTILUSJohn Steele, Publisher andEditorial DirectorMichael Segal, Editor-in-ChiefBi-MonthlyNautilus is a different kind of science magazine. It delivers deep,undiluted, narrative storytellingthat brings big picture science intotoday’s most important conversa-tions. It challenges readers to con-sider the common themes thatrun through the sciences and connect them to philosophy, culture, and art.

The print edition of Nautilus isdistributed by the MIT Press.

Digital content is housed at nautil.us.

128 pp. per issue, 7 1/2 x 10, illustratedISSN 2372-1758, E-ISSN 2372-1766mitpressjournals.org/ntls

29

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NEWTHE CHARACTER OF PHYSICAL LAW Richard Feynmanwith a new foreword by Frank WilczekRichard Feynman was one of the most famous and important physicists of the second half of thetwentieth century.Awarded the NobelPrize for Physics in1965, celebrated forhis spirited and engag-ing lectures, andbriefly a star on theevening news for hispresence on the com-mission investigatingthe explosion of thespace shuttleChallenger, Feynmanis best known for hiscontributions to thefield of quantum electrodynamics. The Character of Physical Law, drawn from Feynman’s famous 1964 series of Messenger Lectures at Cornell, offersan introduction to modern physics — and toFeynman at his witty and enthusiastic best.

Feynman offers an overview of selected physical lawsand gathers their common features, arguing that theimportance of a physical law is not “how clever weare to have found it out” but “how clever nature is topay attention to it.” He discusses such topics as theinteraction of mathematics and physics, the principleof conservation, the puzzle of symmetry, and theprocess of scientific discovery. A foreword by 2004Physics Nobel laureate Frank Wilczek updates someof Feynman’s observations — noting, however, “theneed for these particular updates enhances ratherthan detracts from the book.” In The Character ofPhysical Law, Feynman chose to grapple with issuesat the forefront of physics that seemed unresolved,important, and approachable.

Richard Feynman (1918–1988), awarded the NobelPrize in Physics in 1965 for work on quantum elec-trodynamics, was Professor of Theoretical Physics atCalTech. He was the author of QED: The StrangeTheory of Light and Matter, Surely You’re Joking,Mr. Feynman! Adventures of a Curious Character,and other books. Frank Wilczek, awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2004, is Herman FeshbachProfessor of Physics at MIT.

2016 • 184 pp. • paper • $17.95978-0-262-53341-6 (For sale in North America, South America, and Asia only)

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