Neurodiversity Court Tribunal Guide DANDA

7/31/2019 Neurodiversity Court Tribunal Guide DANDA

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ME@ME i~ e` lxkeì~e}il` xz` hy e`m clx `jzxl/misjx~j rjlrgj' ~znf e~ }fl~j {i}fMy~rxevie' E}}j`}il` Mjcini} &Fyrjxen}isi}y) Mi~lxmjx' E~rjxkjx ^y`mxloj' Ez}i~o e`m

My~gjvie.

[j xz` ~zrrlx} kxlzr~1 rxlmznj gjecgj}~ e`m hlla~ e~ {jgg e~ lxkeì~i`k nl`cjxj`nj~e`m {lxa~flr~ clx rjlrgj {i}f @jzxl/Misjx~i}y , ^rjnicin Rxlnj~~i`k # Gjexì`kMiccjxj`nj~ e`m }fj rxlcj~~ilèg~ {fl ~zrrlx} }fjo.

Rgje~j nl`}en} z~ clx czx}fjx i`clxoe}il`' }xeiì`k' nl`~zg}e`ny e`m emsinj.

Joeig4 i`clBme`me.lxk.za [jh~i}j4 {{{.me`me.lxk.za

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AJY = GJEX@I@K G]MFesi`k {lxajm {i}f Oexy Nlggjy cxlo hjclxj }fj clz`mi`k lc ME@ME' {j a`l{ fl{iorlx}e`} }fi~ ~zhdjn} {e~ }l fjx. [j exj kxe}jczg Ojgeìj fe~ hjj` ehgj }l nlorgj}j }fi~Kzimj }l fjgr rjlrgj {fl exj lc}j` szg`jxehgj {fj` i`slgsjm {i}f }fj ge{.

[j exj rxlzm }l ~rl`~lx }fi~ iorlx}e`} rzhgine}il` i` }xihz}j }l Oexy.Dl ]lmm Nfijc Jvjnz}isj

Ajy=Gjexì`k fesj rxlsimjm nl`~zg}e`ny' }xeiì`k' e~~j~~oj`} e`m l}fjx ~jxsinj~ clxjorglyjx~ e`m ~jxsinj rxlsimjx~ }l `jzxlmisjx~j rjlrgj clx `jexgy 82 yjex~.

[j {lxa {i}f ojohjx~ lc }fj dz~}inj ~y~}jo }fxlzkflz} }fj nlz`}xy.

Ajy = Gjexì`k Gioi}jm' ]fj Lgm Siggekj ^}lxj~' Nfjer ^}xjj}' Nfjm{lx}f'Nfjg}j`feo' Kg:= =EE ]jg,Cev4 2586: ;8293= {{{.ajy=gjexì`k.nlo

MY^GJVIE E^^J^ÔJ@] # NL@^ZG]E@NY[j exj mjgikf}jm }l ~zrrlx} ME@ME~ rzhgine}il` mjmine}jm }l Oexy Nlggjy~ {lxa.

[j exj e }jeo lc jvrjx}~ i` my~gjvie' my~rxevie e`m xjge}jm nl`mi}il`~~rjniegi~i`k i` e~~j~~oj`}' }xeiì`k' jorglyoj`} nl`~zg}e`ny e`m gjkeg {lxa.

[j lccjx Jvrjx} [i}`j~~ ^jxsinj~ i` egg fimmj` mi~ehigi}y xjge}jm ne~j~.

jvrjx} e~~j~~oj`} # xjrlx}~ jvrjx} {i}`j~~ i` nlzx} e`m }xihzèg~ ~zrrlx} clx }fl~j{i}f ^RGM~ i` egg gjkeg rxlnjjmi`k~ emsinj clx gjkeg rxlcj~~ilèg~ l` ennloolme}il`~

e`m xje~lèhgj emdz~}oj`}~ kzime`nj clx jorglyjx~ # jorglyjj~.

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I`}xlmzni`k }fj Kzimj

Rjlrgj {i}flz} ^rjnicin Rxlnj~~i`k # Gjexì`k Miccjxj`nj~ ci`m mjegi`k~ {i}f nlzx} lx

}xihzèg rxlnj~~j~ sjxy ~}xj~~czg. I} i~ `l {l`mjx' }fj`' }fe} }fj emmi}ilèg jvrjxij`nj lcgisi`k {i}f l`j lx olxj ^RGM~ &~znf e~ My~rxevie' My~gjvie' E}}j`}il` Mjcini} Mi~lxmjx' lxMy~negnzgie) oeaj~ }fj ~i}ze}il` jsj` olxj miccinzg} }l nlrj {i}f. Miccinzg}ij~ l` }fjez}i~}in ~rjn}xzo' ~znf e~ E~rjxkjx ^y`mxloj' rxj~j`} rex}inzgex nfeggj`kj~.]fj ~aigg~ }fe} errjex }l hj xjuzixjm i` fjexi`k~ exj dz~} }fl~j }fe} rjlrgj {i}f ^RGM~lc}j` gena' èojgy

kllm i`clxoe}il` rxlnj~~i`k ~aigg~' i.j. eh~lxhi`k' nl`~imjxi`k e`m xj~rl`mi`k }l~rlaj` i`clxoe}il` l` }fj ~rl}

e xjgiehgj ojolxy

~z~}ei`jm nl`nj`}xe}il` {jgg/mjsjglrjm gi~}jì`k ~aigg~

}fj ehigi}y }l xj~rl`m errxlrxie}jgy }l uzj~}il`~ e`m ~rjea ngjexgy

}fj ehigi}y }l mikj~} mlnzoj`}e}il` e`m cigg lz} nlorgjv clxo~Rjlrgj {i}f ^RGM~ `jjm }l a`l{ fl{ }l ennj~~ ~zrrlx} i` gjkeg rxlnj~~j~'{fe} }fjix j`}i}gjoj`}~ exj e`m fl{ mi~ehigi}y gjki~ge}il` ne` fjgr ennloolme}j }fjixmiccinzg}ij~. Fl{jsjx }fi~ i`clxoe}il` i~ `l} eg{ey~ je~y }l nloj hy' fj`nj }fj `jjmclx }fi~ rzhgine}il`.]fi~ Kzimj i~ mj~ik`jm }l fjgr ylz i` }{l oei` exje~4

5. mj~nxihi`k {fe} fjgr ylz exj j`}i}gjm }l8. lz}giì`k fl{ }l lh}ei` }fi~ ~zrrlx}

]fj Kzimj mlj~ `l} mjeg {i}f nfigmxj`~ i~~zj~ &~jj hjgl{ clx ^J@ ]xihzèg~).

]fjxj {igg i`jsi}ehgy hj xjrj}i}il` i` }fi~ Kzimj' e~ ~loj i~~zj~ exi~j i` olxj }fe` l`j~i}ze}il`. [j hjki` {i}f }fj cix~} ~}ekj lc }fj nxioièg dz~}inj rxlnj~~ rlginj nz~}lmye`m j`m {i}f e`l}fjx e~rjn} lc nxioièg ne~j~ / hji`k e dzxlx. Oznf lc }fj xjoei`mjx lc}fj Kzimj errgij~ juzeggy }l nisig' ceoigy e`m }xihzèg fjexi`k~. ]fjxj i~ eg~l e nfer}jx l`Rexlgj Hlexm fjexi`k~. ^loj ~jn}il`~ exj mixjn}gy uzl}jm cxlo lccinieg kzime`nj.

Cxlo Erxig 8255 Nlzx}~ e`m ]xihzèg~ {igg hj ojxkjm i`}l l`j ~jxsinj1 }fi~ {igg mlzh}gj~~

gjem }l nfe`kj~. E xjsij{ lc }fj gjkeg eim ~y~}jo e`m }fj nlzx} ngl~zxj rxlkxeooj {iggeg~l hxi`k ehlz} `j{ {ey~ lc lrjxe}i`k' i`ngzmi`k &flrjczggy) kxje}jx z~j lc ojmie}il`.]fj {jh~i}j {{{.mixjn}.kls.zai~ }fj hj~} ~lzxnj lc zr/}l/me}j i`clxoe}il`.

Erlglkij~ }l }fl~j {fl ml `l} z~j }fj i`}jx`j} clx }fj cxjuzj } xjcjxj`nj~ }l {jh~i}j~.I`nxje~i`kgy }fi~ i~ fl{ lccinieg i`clxoe}il` i~ rxlsimjm e`m zrme}jm. ]jgjrfl`j `zohjx~fesj hjj` i`ngzmjm {fjxj rl~~ihgj.

Clx i`clxoe}il` l` ^rjnieg @jjm~ ]xihzèg~' nl`~zg} }fj {jh~i}j~ gi~}jm hjgl{1{{{.~j`mi~}.kls.za~jn}il` l` [fe} }l jvrjn} e} e` ^J@ ]xihzèg{{{.mixjn}.kls.za^rjnieg Jmzne}ilèg @jjm~ e`m Mi~ehigi}y ]xihzèg

Lx rfl`j }fj fjgrgi`j lc }fj Hxi}i~f My~gjvie E~~lnie}il` l` 26=: 8:5 9228

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I`}xlmzni`k ME@ME

ME@ME i~ }fj gjemi`k è}ilèg lxkeì~e}il` clx emzg}~ {i}f lsjxgerri`k ^rjnicinRxlnj~~i`k # Gjexì`k Miccjxj`nj~ &e nlool` lnnzxxj`nj i` lzx jvrjxij`nj).

]l ci`m lz} ehlz} ME@ME' ~jj lzx {jh~i}j4 {{{.me`me.lxk.zae`m }fji`clxoe}il` e} }fj cxl`} lc }fj Kzimj.

]fi~ Kzimj fe~ hjj` rxlmznjm l` hjfegc lc ME@ME~ ojohjx~ e`m egg }fl~j {flerrxlenf }fj lxkeì~e}il` clx fjgr e`m emsinj.

]jxoi`lglky fe~ nfe`kjm lsjx }fj yjex~. ]fjxj i~ `l{ e olsj e{ey cxlo }fjj~}ehgi~fjm }jxo ^rjnicin Gjexì`k Miccinzg}ij~ }l ~jji`k }fj~j nl`mi}il`~ e~ e Miccjxj`nj.]fj i`ngz~il` lcRxlnj~~i`kfikfgikf}~ }fj {ey i` {finf }fj rxlnj~~i`k lc i`clxoe}il` i~ eajy exje lc miccjxj`nj. ]fj i`}jkxe}il` lc }fj sexilz~ ~j`~lxy cz`n}il`~ oey eg~l hjrxlhgjoe}in. ]fj ol~} z~jczg }jxo i~ }fjxjclxj ^rjnicin Rxlnj~~i`k # Gjexì`kMiccjxj`nj~ {i}f }fj ehhxjsie}il` ^RGM.

Ez}flx~ `l}j l` ME@ME~Ennj~~ }l Dz~}inj iì}ie}isj

]fi~ Kzimj i~ }fj `jv} oigj~}l`j i` ME@ME~Ennj~~ }l Dz~}inj {lxa. Clx e `zohjx lcyjex~ I fesj hjj` {lxai`k l` hjfegc lc ME@ME }l rjx~zemj dz~}inj rxlcj~~ilèg~ lc }fjrxjsegj`nj lc ^rjnicin Rxlnj~~i`k # Gjexì`k Miccjxj`nj~ e`m }fj ioren} lc }fj~jnl`mi}il`~ i` dz~}inj ~j}}i`k~ / ~znf e~ rlginj nz~}lmy' gjkeg i`}jxsij{~' nlzx}~ # }xihzèg~.

Jvrjx} {i}`j~~ {lxa fe~ ~fl{` oj }fe} oe`y e~rjn}~ lc ^RGM~ ne` nxje}j hexxijx~ }l}fj e}}eiòj`} lc dz~}inj. I fesj gjex`jm }fe}' i` lxmjx }l oiìoi~j oi~z`mjx~}e`mi`k~ e`m~jgc/i`nxioiè}il` mzxi`k fjexi`k~' mlnzoj`}e}il` ~flzgm hj ~zhoi}}jm }l }fj nlzx}~ i`

lxmjx }l cgek zr }fj ^rjnicin Rxlnj~~i`k # Gjexì`k Miccjxj`nj,~' i` gi`j {i}f mi~ehigi}ygjki~ge}il`. ]fi~ ~zhoi~~il` oey fesj }l hj clggl{jm zr {i}f rjx~i~}j`nj.

Oy jvrjxij`nj i~ }fe} dz~}inj rxlcj~~ilèg~ / hj }fjy ~lgini}lx~' hexxi~}jx~' nlzx} ~}ecc'rlginj lx }fj dzminiexy / fesj `l a`l{gjmkj lc ^RGM~ e`m fl{ }fjy eccjn} rjlrgj. ]fi~fe~ gjm ME@ME }l gez`nf }fjEnnj~~ }l Dz~}inj iì}ie}isj i` }fj Flz~j lc Nlool`~'clggl{jm zr hy e ojj}i`k {i}f }fj &}fj`) Juzegi}ij~ Oiì~}jx. E` iorlx}e`} oigj~}l`j {e~}fj i`ngz~il` lc e ~jn}il` l` ^rjnicin Gjexì`k Miccinzg}ij~ i` e xjsi~il` lc }fj dzminiegJuzeg ]xje}oj`} Hj`nf Hlla. ME@ME eg~l zrme}jm }fj mi~ehigi}y kgl~~exy i` }fj Hj`nfHlla }l i`ngzmj }fj xe`kj lc ^RGM~. &^jj }fj Dzminieg ^}zmij~ Hlexm {jh~i}j4{{{.dzminiexy.kls.zaclx }fj j`}ixj Juzeg ]xje}oj`} Hj`nf Hllalx

{{{.my~gjvie/oegsjx`.nl.za clx }fj xjgjse`} ~jn}il`~).

ME@ME clggl{jm zr {i}f }xeiì`k clx dzmkj~' clx nlzx} ~}ecc' clx xjkilèg ge{ kxlzri`k~ e`mrex} lc }fj Nxl{` Rxl~jnz}il` ^jxsinj' }lkj}fjx {i}f {lxa~flr~ e} nl`cjxj`nj~ lc }fjRexlgj Hlexm' @enxl e`m Ylz}f Dz~}inj Hlexm. ]fj `jv} ~}ekj lcEnnj~~ }l Dz~}inj {e~}fj rzhgine}il` lc e Kzimj l` ^RGM~ clx dz~}inj rxlcj~~ilèg~' clggl{jm hy i`clxoe}il` l`Xje~lèhgj Emdz~}oj`}~ clx nlzx}/z~jx~ {i}f ^RGM~ &~jj Xjcjxj`nj ^jn}il` rex} H).Hl}f lc }fj~j exj eseigehgj l` oy {jh~i}j' {{{.my~gjvie/oegsjx`.nl.za

Fl{jsjx' {fe} {e~ ~}igg genai`k {e~ i`clxoe}il` clx nlzx} z~jx~ }l kzimj }fjo }fxlzkf}fj oetj lc }fj dz~}inj ~y~}jo. I flrj ylz {igg ci`m }fi~ Kzimj fjgrczg.

Rgje~j nl`}en} oj e} odBmy~gjvie/oegsjx`.nl.za}l emm }l lx olmicy }fi~ i`clxoe}il`.

Ojgeìj Deoj~l`' Dz~}inj Emsi~jx }l ME@ME De`zexy 8255I@]XLMZN]IL@ 8
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]fi~ nfer}jx glla~ e} }fj rxlnj~~ lc hji`k exxj~}jm' }lkj}fjx {i}f ylzx xikf}~ e`meseigehgj ~zrrlx} ~y~}jo~. I} eg~l nlsjx~ sin}io~ e`m {i}`j~~j~.

Ic ylz ci`m ylzx~jgc i` rlginj nz~}lmy ylz oey {jgg hj i` e ~}xj~~jm ~}e}j' {finf nlzgmeccjn} ylzx ehigi}y }l nloozìne}j lx }l }fià ngjexgy. I} i~ iorlx}e`} }l }xy }l nego ml{è`m }eaj ennlz`} lc {fe} i~ ferrjì`k exlz`m ylz.

Xikf}~ i` nz~}lmy e~ e ~z~rjn}

Rlginj rxlnjmzxj i~ hlz`m hy nlmj~ lc rxen}inj. Clx jveorgj' }fjy oz~} i`clxo ylz lc }fj~z~rjn}jm lccj`nj e`m {fy i} i~ `jnj~~exy }l exxj~} ylz.

Jsjxyhlmy {fl i~ exxj~}jm fe~ }fxjj he~in xikf}~4

5. }fj xikf} }l cxjj gjkeg emsinj cxlo e ~lgini}lx e`m }l fesj e ~lgini}lx rxj~j`} jsjxy}ioj ylz exj i`}jxsij{jm.

8. }fj xikf} }l fesj ~lojl`j i`clxojm }fe} ylz exj i` nz~}lmy' }lkj}fjx {i}f}fj glne}il`.

>. }fj xikf} }l ~jj }fj nlmj~ lc rxen}inj geim lz} i` }fj Rlginj e`m Nxioièg Jsimj`njEn} &RENJ).

Ylz ~flzgm xjnjisj e {xi}}j` `l}inj lc }fj Xikf}~ &ehlsj) e`m e `l}inj lc ylzxJ`}i}gjoj`}~. J`}i}gjoj`}~ i`ngzmj xjkzgex hxjea~ clx cllm e`m }l ennj~~ }l e }ligj}.

]fj nz~}lmy lccinjx fe~ }l kl }fxlzkf e nlorz}jxi~jm Xi~a E~~j~~oj`} mlnzoj`}.]fj~j sexy ~loj{fe} cxlo rlginj clxnj }l rlginj clxnj hz} }fjy exj z`giajgy }l rina zr^RGM~. Fl{jsjx }fjxj i~ z~zeggy e uzj~}il` xjge}i`k }l rxlhgjo~ {i}f xjemi`k e`m {xi}i`k'e`m e uzj~}il` e~ai`k ic ylz exj l` ojmine}il` &}fi~ nlzgm cgek zr ojmine}il` clxj.k. E}}j`}il` Mjcini} Fyrjxen}isi}y Mi~lxmjx). ]fi~ i~ }fj lrrlx}zì}y }l oj`}il` }fe} ylzfesj e` ^RGM. î`nj }fi~ }jxo i~ `l} kj`jxeggy a`l{`' i} i~ emsi~ehgj }l xjcjx }l }fjnl`mi}il` hy èoj j.k. My~rxevie' My~gjvie j}n. I} i~ fjgrczg ic ylz ne` ~}e}j hxijcgy fl{ylz exj eccjn}jm.

^loj rjlrgj {i}f Ez}i~}in ^rjn}xzo Nl`mi}il` &E^N) oey fesj e ~rjnieg E}}j`}il` Nexm&eg~l a`l{` e~ e` Egjx} Nexm) {finf nl`cixo~ }fe} }fjy fesj hjj` miek`l~jm {i}f E^N lxE~rjxkjx ^y`mxloj. ]fi~ i~ }fj xikf} }ioj }l rxlmznj }fi~ nexm.

Ylz oz~} gj} }fj rlginj a`l{ ic ylz exj zèhgj }l xjem }fxlzkf ylzx ~}e}joj`} i` lxmjx}l nfjna i} &jsj` ic ylz oikf} ci`m }fi~ johexxe~~i`k). Ic ~lojl`j lccjx~ }l xjem i} eglzm}l ylz' e~a }fjo }l gjesj ~flx} rez~j~ hj}{jj` ~j`}j`nj~. Ic ylz ne`' clggl{ l` erxi`}jm nlry.

Ic ylzx xjemi`k i~ ioreixjm hy Si~zeg ^}xj~~ ylz ~flzgm jvrgei` fl{ ylz exj eccjn}jm e`m{fe} emdz~}oj`}~ ylz z~zeggy oeaj }l {xi}}j` oe}jxieg~. L`nj }fj ~}e}joj`} fe~ hjj`~ik`jm i} hjnloj~ e si}eg mlnzoj`} i` ylzx ne~j.

^jj {{{.my~gjvie/oegsjx`.nl.za,si~zeg~}xj~~clx nfjnagi~}~ e`m czx}fjxi`clxoe}il` l` Si~zeg ^}xj~~.

RLGINJ NZ^]LMY >

5 RLGINJ NZ^]LMY
http://www.dyslexia-malvern.co.uk/visualstresshttp://www.dyslexia-malvern.co.uk/visualstresshttp://www.dyslexia-malvern.co.uk/visualstress


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Xikf}~ i` nz~}lmy e~ e ~z~rjn} / nl`}.

Rjlrgj z`mjx 5; fesj e` ez}loe}in xikf} }l ~zrrlx} cxlo e ceoigy ojohjx lx kzexmie`{fl oz~} hj rxj~j`} mzxi`k rlginj i`}jxsij{~. Emzg}~ xjkexmjm e~ szg`jxehgj exj eg~l

j`}i}gjm }l ~zrrlx}' mjrj`mj`} l` }fj lriìl` lc }fj nz~}lmy lccinjx. Fi~,fjx xjuzj~} oeygjem }l }fj i`slgsjoj`} lc e Clxnj Ojmineg Jveoi`jx lx Errxlrxie}j Fjeg}fnexjRxlcj~~ilèg. ]fj~j }jxo~ xjcjx }l mln}lx~ lx `zx~j~ {lxai`k {i}f }fj rlginj }l mjnimj{fj}fjx ~lojl`j i` nz~}lmy i~ ~zccjxi`k cxlo e ojmineg lx oj`}eg fjeg}f nl`mi}il`' egjexì`k mi~ehigi}y lx ~loj nloozìne}il` lx ~lnieg ioreixoj`} {finf negg~ clx njx}eiì`}jxsj`}il`~. I} oey hj mjnimjm }fe} }fj ~jxsinj~ lc e` Errxlrxie}j Emzg} exj `jnj~~exy}l e~~i~} {i}f nloozìne}il` mzxi`k rlginj i`}jxsij{~.

Errxlrxie}j Emzg}~

E` Errxlrxie}j Emzg} ne` hj e ceoigy ojohjx' cxij`m' }xei`jm slgz`}jjx lx ~lnieg,fjeg}f

nexj rxlcj~~ilèg. ]fjix xlgj i~ }l ~zrrlx} }fj ylz`k rjx~l` lx szg`jxehgj emzg} i` rlginjnz~}lmy hy cenigi}e}i`k nloozìne}il` hj}{jj` }fjo e`m }fj rlginj. Z`giaj }fj mz}y~lgini}lx' }fjy ml `l} kisj gjkeg emsinj. ]fj @e}ilèg Errxlrxie}j Emzg} @j}{lxa rxlsimj~}xeiì`k l` ^RGM~ hz} ylz ne``l} e~~zoj }fe} egg }fjix slgz`}jjx~ {igg hj czggy i`clxojm.

Nlri`k {i}f Uzj~}ilì`k

[fj}fjx lx `l} ylz exj rxlsimjm {i}f e` Errxlrxie}j Emzg}' i} i~ kj`jxeggy emsi~ehgj }l e~aclx e ~lgini}lx. î`nj rjlrgj {i}f ^RGM~ lc}j` fesj e` z`xjgiehgj ~flx}/}jxo ojolxy'rllx gi~}jì`k ~aigg~' e ~flx} e}}j`}il` ~re` e`m ~z~njr}ihigi}y }l ~}xj~~' i} i~ uzi}j rl~~ihgj}fe} ylz {igg rxj~j`} e oi~gjemi`k iorxj~~il`' {fj}fjx lx `l} ylz exj kzig}y lc }fj lccj`nj.E` ièhigi}y }l kisj ioojmie}j' errxlrxie}j e`m nl`~i~}j`} e`~{jx~ oey ekkxese}j }fj~i}ze}il` e`m ~zkkj~} }l }fj i`sj~}ike}i`k lccinjx }fe} ylz exj `l} hji`k nl/lrjxe}isj.

]fj hj~} rlginy i~ }l i`clxo }fj i`sj~}ike}i`k lccinjx lc ylzx nl`mi}il` e`m fl{ ylz exjeccjn}jm i` nego ce~fil`' xe}fjx }fe` i`~i~}i`k }fe} ennlz`} hj }eaj` lc ylzx miccinzg}ij~.E rl~~ihgj clxo lc {lxm~' {finf ylz ne` emer} e~ `jnj~~exy' oikf} hj4I fesj &my~rxevie)' }fi~ i~ e mi~ehigi}y e`m oje`~ }fe} I fesj miccinzg}y xjneggi`k mj}eig~ennzxe}jgy e`m xjoeiì`k clnz~jm.

I} i~ ol~} fjgrczg ic ylz fesj nl`cixoe}il` lc ylzx miccinzg}y' ~znf e~ }fj E}}j`}il`,Egjx}

Nexm clx rjlrgj {i}f ez}i~o , E~rjxkjx ^y`mxloj.

]fj @e}ilèg Rlgini`k Iorxlsjoj`} Ekj`ny fe~ rxlmznjm xjcjxj`nj oe}jxieg~ l` sexilz~mi~ehigi}ij~' i`ngzmi`k hxijc i`clxoe}il` l` ^RGM~.

Rgje~j `l}j4 `l} egg rlginj ~}ecc exj e{exj lc }fj~j xj~lzxnj~ lx exj ehgj }l ennj~~ }fjo.ME@ME i~ clggl{i`k zr }fi~ i~~zj {i}f gjem Oj`}eg Fjeg}f # Mi~ehigi}y Oeèkjx~.

RLGINJ NZ^]LMY =


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Z~j lc I`}jxojmiexij~

]fi~ ~jn}il` errgij~ rxi`nireggy }l sin}io~ , {i}`j~~j~' hz} oey eg~l xjge}j }l ~z~rjn}~.

Ic ylz exj dzmkjm e~ fesi`k nloozìne}il` rxlhgjo~' }fj rlginj oey xjuzj~} eÌ`}jxojmiexy e }xei`jm nloozìne}il`~ ~rjniegi~} }l e~~j~~ ylzx miccinzg}ij~ e`mrxlsimj e~~i~}e`nj {i}f uzj~}ilì`k. Czgg mj}eig~ lc fl{ }fj I`}jxojmiexy ~y~}jolrjxe}j~ e} }fj rlginj e`m nlzx} gjsjg exj kisj` i` nfer}jx ;.

]fj xlgj lc }fj I`}jxojmiexy i~ }l emsi~j }fj rlginj l` }fj hj~} {ey }l nl`mzn} i`}jxsij{~i` }fj gikf} lc nloozìne}il` miccinzg}ij~1 }fjy oz~} `l} z`mjx}eaj e`y uzj~}ilì`k}fjo~jgsj~. ]fj I`}jxojmiexy {igg i`}jxsj`j e~ `jnj~~exy }l e~~i~} nloozìne}il`'e`m oey hj ehgj }l fjgr ylz clnz~ l` }fj ajy i~~zj~. I` emmi}il`' ~,fj {igg emsi~j l` }fj`jjm clx hxjea~ e`m e`y l}fjx cen}lx~.

]fj I`}jxojmiexy~ xjrlx} i~ ~j`} }l }fj rlginj lccinjx' }fj Nxl{` Rxl~jnz}il` ^jxsinj e`m}fj nlzx} &i`ngzmi`k }fj mjcj`nj). I} xjnlxm~ ylzx `jjm~ e`m kisj~ e ~zooexy lc e`yxjrlx}~ l` ylz' }lkj}fjx {i}f xjnlooj`me}il`~ ehlz} }fj hj~} {ey clx ylz }l kisjjsimj`nj e} }xieg.

Rlginj Rxlnjmzxj~

Z`mjx `lxoeg nixnzo~}e`nj~ ylz ne``l} hj fjgm clx olxj }fe` 8= flzx~ {i}flz} hji`knfexkjm {i}f e nxioj1 }fi~ ne` hj jv}j`mjm }l >3 flzx~ clx ~jxilz~ lccj`nj~ e`m }l 93flzx~ l` }fj ez}flxi}y lc }fj nlzx}~.

Ic }fj rlginj fesj ~zccinij`} jsimj`nj }fjy oey nfexkj ylz {i}f e nxioj' }fz~ clxoeggy e`mgjkeggy ennz~i`k ylz lc e` lccj`nj. E nfexkj ~fjj} {igg hj rxj~j`}jm nl`}eiì`k }fjmj}eig~. ]fi~ {igg gjem }l e fjexi`k i` e Oeki~}xe}j~+ Nlzx}.

Kj`jxeggy ylz {igg hj xjgje~jm l` heig z`}ig }fj fjexi`k' z`gj~~ }fj lccj`nj i~ sjxy ~jxilz~lx }fjxj exj ~rjnieg nixnzo~}e`nj~ ~znf e~ e rl~~ihigi}y }fe} czx}fjx nxioj~ {igg hjnlooi}}jm lx e hjgijc }fe} ylz ~flzgm hj fjgm clx ylzx l{` rxl}jn}il`. ]fjxj oey hjnl`mi}il`~ e}}enfjm }l }fj kxe`}i`k lc heig' e`m ic }fj~j exj hxlaj` &hxjenfjm) ylz {iggrxlhehgy hj xj/exxj~}jm.

Ylz oey hj xjuzixjm }l e}}j`m e nlooi}}eg rxlnjjmi`k e} e Oeki~}xe}j~ nlzx}. ]fi~ }eaj~rgenj ic }fj ne~j i~ }l hj }xijm i` }fj Nxl{` Nlzx}' e`m jèhgj~ }fj oeki~}xe}j~ }l nfjna}fe} }fjxj i~ ~zccinij`} Nxl{` Rxl~jnz}il` ^jxsinj jsimj`nj }l rxlnjjm }l e czgg }xieg.@l mjcj`nj jsimj`nj i~ fjexm l` }fi~ lnne~il`.

Rexj`}eg Nl`njx`~

ME@ME i~ lc}j` nl`}en}jm hy rexj`}~ lc ylz`k rjlrgj lsjx5; {fl fesj hjj` exxj~}jm&ji}fjx oi~}eaj`gy lx {i}f kllm nez~j). ]fj rexj`}~ exj nl`njx`jm }fe} }fjix ~l` lxmezkf}jx {igg czx}fjx i`nxioiè}j }fjo~jgsj~ mzj }l }fjix ^RGM e`m exj mj~rjxe}j }lrxlsimj i`clxoe}il` l` }fjix nfigm~ nl`mi}il`. ^loj}ioj~ i} i~ rl~~ihgj }l ~zrrgy }fi~.

Fl{jsjx }fjy {igg lc}j` ci`m }fjo~jgsj~ jccjn}isjgy jvngzmjm cxlo }fj dzminieg rxlnj~~ e~}fj ylz`k rjx~l` i~ nl`~imjxjm }l hj e` i`mjrj`mj`} emzg}.

RLGINJ NZ^]LMY :


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Rexj`}eg Nl`njx`~ / nl`}.

^zrrlx} i~ mjrj`mj`} l` }fjix ~l` lx mezkf}jx hji`k xjkexmjm e~ szg`jxehgj' i` {finfne~j e xj~rl`~ihgj rjx~l` lx Errxlrxie}j Emzg} ne` hj neggjm i`. ]fj hj~} {ey clx{exm

i~ }l j`~zxj }fe} e`y ~lgini}lx {fl hjnloj~ i`slgsjm i~ {iggi`k }l hj i`clxojm ehlz}^RGM~ e`m }fjix iorgine}il`~ i` }fi~ rex}inzgex ne~j.

]fj Kzimj clx Dz~}inj Rxlcj~~ilèg~ i~ fjgrczg i` ~znf ne~j~ &fexm nlrij~ exj lh}eièhgjcxlo }fj Hxi}i~f My~gjvie E~~lnie}il` lx ME@ME).

I`}jxsij{i`k Sin}io~ lx [i}`j~~j~

Ic ylz exj uzj~}il`jm e~ }fj {i}`j~~ }l e nxioj lx sin}io lc e nxioj' ylz exj emsi~jm }loj`}il` ylzx ^rjnicin Rxlnj~~i`k # Gjexì`k Miccjxj`nj hy èoj' jvrgeiì`k fl{ ylz exjeccjn}jm. Ylz ne` e~a }l fesj ~lojl`j ceoigiex }l ~zrrlx} ylz. ^zrrlx} i~ eg~l eseigehgj}fxlzkf }fj [i}`j~~ ^jxsinj , Sin}io ^zrrlx}' ~jj nfer}jx ; e`m }fj già e} }fj j`m lc }fi~nfer}jx.

Lccinjx~ cxlo }fj glneg Rzhgin Rxl}jn}il` Zì} exj }xei`jm }l {lxa {i}f szg`jxehgj{i}`j~~j~ e`m oey hj neggjm i` ic e nloozìne}il` miccinzg}y exi~j~.

I} i~ iorlx}e`} }l }jgg }fj rlginj ic ylz hjgijsj ylz fesj hjj` }fj sin}io lc emi~ehigi}y fe}j nxioj. E fe}j nxioj i~ mjci`jm e~ e`y nxioièg lccj`nj nlooi}}jm ekei`~}e rjx~l` lx rxlrjx}y }fe} i~ ol}ise}jm hy e` lccj`mjx+~ rxjdzminj lx fe}xjm lc ~lojl`jhjnez~j lc }fjix miccjxj`nj~. Mi~ehigi}y fe}j nxioj i~ a`l{` }l hj ~ikìcine`}gyz`mjxxjrlx}jm }l }fj rlginj.

Ylz ne` jvrjn} }fj oe}}jx }l hj i`sj~}ike}jm czggy e`m }fj `jnj~~exy ~zrrlx} rxlsimjm.

CZX]FJX I@CLXOE]IL@

{{{.mixjn}.kls.za Kl }l ~jn}il` l` Rlginj Nz~}lmy{{{.}fjerrxlrxie}jemzg}~jxsinj.lxk.za{{{.sin}io~zrrlx}.lxk.za{{{.ez}i~o{j~}oimge`m~.lxk.za,nl`}j`},3;:53>,nloozì}y\~jxsinj~,nxioièg\dz~}inj,&xjge}j~ }l E~rjxkjx ^y`mxloj)

RLGINJ NZ^]LMY 3

@l}j l` 5; yjex lgm~Errxlrxie}j Emzg}~ exj eseigehgj clx nfigmxj` z`mjx 5; &zr }l e ge}jx ekj l`gy ic }fjy exjxjkexmjm e~ szg`jxehgj). Fl{jsjx Ylz}f Nlzx}~ mjeg {i}f nfigmxj` z`mjx 56 gjemi`k }le` e`loegy clx 5; yjex lgm~. ]fjxj exj negg~ clx Errxlrxie}j Emzg}~ }l hj eseigehgj clx egg

nfigmxj` z`mjx 56 hz} }fi~ fe~ cz`mi`k iorgine}il`~.
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[j `jjm }l hj e{exj lc mi~ehigi}y gjki~ge}il` e`m }fj iorgine}il`~ clx ^RGM~.Nfe`kj~ cxlo }fj ez}zo` lc 8252 oje` }fe} }fj Mi~ehigi}y Mi~nxioiè}il` En} i~ `lgl`kjx errginehgj hz} oe`y lc i}~ rxlsi~il`~ fesj hjj` xj}ei`jm.

Nfe`kj~ i` gjki~ge}il`

]fjxj exj e `zohjx lc z~jczg rijnj~ lc gjki~ge}il` clx rjlrgj {i}f ^rjnicin Rxlnj~~i`k# Gjexì`k Miccjxj`nj~ {fl hjnloj i`slgsjm i` }fj dz~}inj ~y~}jo. Ol~} lc }fjrxlsi~il`~ xjge}i`k }l mi~ehigi}y juzegi}y fesj `l{ hjj` eh~lxhjm i`}l }fj Juzegi}y En}&cxlo Ln}lhjx 8252).

Clxojxgy' }fj Mi~ehigi}y Mi~nxioiè}il` En} {e~ }fj rxi`nireg gjki~ge}il` i` }fi~ exje'rxlsimi`k e mjciì}il` lc mi~ehigi}y e`m j~}ehgi~fi`k {fe} nl`~}i}z}jm mi~nxioiè}il` i` }fj

cijgm~ lc jorglyoj`}' ~jxsinj rxlsi~il` e`m jmzne}il` # }xeiì`k. ]fj clnz~ lc }fj `j{gjki~ge}il` i~ }l rxlol}j juzegi}y clx kxlzr~ }fe} ne` jvrjxij`nj mi~nxioiè}il` hyxjolsi`k }fj hexxijx~ }fe} }fjy cenj.

Nixnzo~}e`nj~ exi~i`k hjclxj Ln}lhjx 8252 nl`}i`zj }l hj mjeg} {i}f z`mjx }fj Mi~ehigi}yMi~nxioiè}il` En}.

Mjciì}il` lc mi~ehigi}y

]fj mjciì}il` lce rjx~l` {i}f e mi~ehigi}yj~}ehgi~fjm hy }fj Mi~ehigi}y Mi~nxioiè}ilÈn} &599: l`{exm~) fe~ hjj` nexxijm lsjx i`}l }fj Juzegi}y En}. I} xz`~ e~ clggl{~4

+E rjx~l` fe~ e mi~ehigi}y ic fj fe~ e rfy~ineg lx oj`}eg ioreixoj`} {finf fe~ e~zh~}e`}ieg e`m gl`k/}jxo emsjx~j jccjn} l` fi~ ehigi}y }l nexxy lz} `lxoeg mey }lmey en}isi}ij~.+

]fj ajy {lxm~ exj }fe} }fj mi~ehigi}y fe~ }l fesj e ~zh~}e`}ieg' gl`k }jxo emsjx~j jccjn}l` }fj rjx~l`~ ehigi}y }l nexxy lz} `lxoeg mey }l meyen}isi}ij~' `l} l`gy i` e {lxa~i}ze}il`. ]fj iorgine}il`~ exj }fe} }fl~j {i}f sjxy oi`lx rxlhgjo~ ne``l} jvrjn} }l hjnlsjxjm z`mjx }fj mjciì}il` lc mi~ehigi}y. E} ME@ME' {j }j`m }l ci`m }fe} rjlrgj {flnloj }l z~ clx fjgr &hjnez~j }fjy fesj jvrjxij`njm mi~nxioiè}il` lx exj nl`njx`jmehlz} }fjix ehigi}y }l nlrj i` }fj nlzx}~) ml cegg {i}fi` }fj mi~ehigi}y rxlsi~il`~. ]fjmjhigi}e}i`k jccjn} lc ~}xj~~ i~ lc}j` e cen}lx.]fj Juzegi}y En}' 8252

Z`mjx }fj Juzegi}y En}' mi~ehigi}y i~ l`j lc ì`j rxl}jn}jm nfexen}jxi~}in~1 }fj~j i`ngzmjXenj' Ekj' Xjgikil` e`m ^jvzeg lxij`}e}il`.

Mi~nxioiè}il` exi~j~ {fjxj e mi~ehgjm rjx~l` i~ z`dz~}iciehgy }xje}jm z`ceslzxehgy.]fjxj i~ e mz}y }l oeaj xje~lèhgj emdz~}oj`}~ }l xjolsj hexxijx~ clx mi~ehgjm rjlrgj1}fi~ errgij~ i` ~i}ze}il`~ {fjxj e mi~ehgjm rjx~l` {lzgm l}fjx{i~j hj rgenjm e} e~zh~}e`}ieg mi~emse`}ekj nlorexjm {i}f rjlrgj {fl exj `l} mi~ehgjm.

Z^JCZG GJKI^GE]IL@ ;

8 Z^JCZG GJKI^GE]IL@


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]fj Juzegi}y En}' 8252 / nl`}.

]fj mz}y i~ hxlaj` ml{` i`}l }fxjj xjuzixjoj`}~4

]fj cix~} xjuzixjoj`} i~ nfe`ki`k }fj {ey }fi`k~ exj ml`j &}fj ge{ xjcjx~ }l nfe`ki`k erxlsi~il`' nxi}jxil` lxrxen}inj).

Lxkeì~e}il`~ exj nfeggj`kjm }l nl`~imjx {fj}fjx }fjy fesj xzgj~' {fj}fjx {xi}}j` lxz`{xi}}j`' }fe} rxj~j`} hexxijx~ }l mi~ehgjm rjlrgj e`m rz} }fjo e} e mi~emse`}ekj {fjènnj~~i`k }fjix ~jxsinj~. I} oikf} hj xje~lèhgj clx }fjo }l ~}lr }fj rxen}inj nlorgj}jgy'lx }l nfe`kj i} ~l }fe} i} `l gl`kjx en}~ e~ e hexxijx.

]fj ~jnl`m xjuzixjoj`} xjge}j~ }l oeai`k nfe`kj~ }l lsjxnloj hexxijx~ nxje}jm hy }fjrfy~ineg cje}zxj~ lc rxjoi~j~ {finf exj lrj` }l }fj rzhgin lx e ~jn}il` lc }fj rzhgin.

Xje~lèhgj ~}jr~ oz~} hj }eaj` ic mi~ehgjm rjlrgj z~i`k e ~jxsinj exj rz} e} e~zh~}e`}ieg mi~emse`}ekj1 }fj~j exj gi~}jm e~4 xjolsi`k }fj cje}zxj lx eg}jxi`k i} ~l }fe} i}`l gl`kjx fe~ }fe} jccjn}1 rxlsimi`k e xje~lèhgj oje`~ lc eslimi`k }fj cje}zxj1 rxlsimi`ke xje~lèhgj eg}jxè}isj oj}flm lc oeai`k }fj ~jxsinj eseigehgj }l mi~ehgjm rjlrgj.

]fj }fixm xjuzixjoj`} i`slgsj~ rxlsimi`k jv}xe eim~ lx juziroj`} e`m rxlsimi`kemmi}ilèg lx eg}jxè}isj ~jxsinj~. ]fj ge{ xjcjx~ }l }fj~j e~ ezvigiexy eim~ lxezvigiexy~jxsinj~ e`m ~}irzge}j~ }fe} xje~lèhgj ~}jr~ oz~} hj }eaj` }l rxlsimj }fjo ic }fjy{lzgm jèhgj &lx oeaj i} je~ijx clx) mi~ehgjm rjlrgj }l oeaj z~j lc }fj ~jxsinj~lc }fj lxkeì~e}il`.

Z^JCZG GJKI^GE]IL@ 6

Xjgjse`nj }l ^RGM~

Nlzx}~ exj ~jxsinj rxlsimjx~ e`m ~loj lc }fjix rxen}inj~ nez~j mi~ehigi}y/xjge}jm

miccinzg}ij~ }l rjlrgj {i}f ^RGM~' clx jveorgj4 e rjx~l` {i}f e ~flx} e}}j`}il` ~re` hji`k jvrjn}jm }l xjoei` l` }e~a mzxi`k

~j~~il`~ lc ~jsjxeg flzx~ ~lojl`j {i}f e rllx {lxai`k ojolxy hji`k jvrjn}jm }l nlrj {i}f

nlorgine}jm uzj~}ilì`k.

Xjgjse`nj }l ^RGM~

^loj rjlrgj {i}f ^RGM~ exj fyrjx/~j`~i}isj }l hxikf} lx cgzlxj~nj`} gikf}i`k. ^loj oey`jjm }l ~i} xe}fjx }fe` ~}e`m. Fl{jsjx' l` }fj {flgj' ^RGM xjuzixjoj`}~ {igg xjge}j olxj}l fl{ }fj fjexi`k i~ nl`mzn}jm }fe` }l rfy~ineg cen}lx~.

Xjgjse`nj }l ^RGM~

Juzegi}y # Fzoe` Xikf}~ Nlooi~~il` kzime`nj nlooj`}~ }fe} ~loj}ioj~ e rjx~l`lccjxi`k e~~i~}e`nj {igg hj {fe} i~ `jjmjm. Rl~~ihgj ezvigiexy ~jxsinj~ exj e~~i~}e`nj i`nlorgj}i`k nlzx} &hz} `l} gjkeg) mlnzoj`}e}il` e`m fjgr i` glne}i`k {fjxj ylzx fjexi`k i~

hji`k fjgm {i}fi` e gexkj nlzx} nlorgjv.


13/53

]fj Juzegi}y En}' 8252 / nl`}.

Ceigzxj }l nlorgy {i}f }fj mz}y }l oeaj xje~lèhgj emdz~}oj`}~ ne` hj xjkexmjm e~mi~nxioiè}il` l` }fj rex} lc }fj ez}flxi}ij~.

I} i~ eg~l {lx}f `l}i`k }fe} e` iorlx}e`} e~rjn} lc Rex} gS lc }fj Mi~ehigi}y Mi~nxioiè}ilÈn} fe~ hjnloj johjmmjm i` }fj Juzegi}y En}' èojgy }fe} }fj mz}ij~ exj e`}inire}lxy.Lxkeì~e}il`~ exj emsi~jm }fe} }fjy ~flzgm `l} {ei} z`}ig e mi~ehgjm rjx~l` {e`}~ }l z~j}fjix ~jxsinj~' hz} nl`~imjx i` emse`nj {fe} mi~ehgjm rjlrgj {i}f e xe`kj lc ioreixoj`}~oikf} xje~lèhgy `jjm. ]fj~j oje~zxj~ ~flzgm }fj` hj }eaj` i` emse`nj. Kzime`nj }l}fj En} kisj~ jveorgj~ lc rjlrgj {i}f si~zeg' fjexi`k lx olhigi}y ioreixoj`}~ lx egjexì`k mi~ehigi}y. E~ lc}j` ferrj`~' ~rjnicin gjexì`k miccinzg}ij~ exj `l} oj`}il`jm.

]l ~zooexi~j }fj mi~ehigi}y rxlsi~il`~ lc }fj Juzegi}y En}4 rzhgin hlmij~ e`mlxkeì~e}il`~ fesj erl~i}isj e`m rxlen}isj mz}y }l }eaj ~}jr~ }l xjolsj lx rxjsj`}

lh~}engj~ }fe} fi`mjx rjlrgj {i}f mi~ehigi}ij~ {fj` z~i`k }fjix ~jxsinj~.

Rgje~j `l}j }fe} Nlzx} e`m ]xihzègdzmkjoj`}~ exj jvngzmjm cxlo }fj lhgike}il` }loeaj xje~lèhgj emdz~}oj`}~.

Czx}fjx rijnj~ lc gjki~ge}il` {finf ne` hj xjgjse`} }l emzg}~

{i}f ^RGM~

Rlginj e`m Nxioièg Jsimj`nj En}' 596=]fi~ eggl{~ clx }fj rxlsi~il` lc Errxlrxie}j Emzg}~ clx ~z~rjn}~ i` rlginj nz~}lmy {fl exjmjjojm szg`jxehgj. Czx}fjx i`clxoe}il` i~ kisj` i` }fj rxjsilz~ nfer}jx. ]fj Nlmj~ lcRxen}inj clx }fi~ En} exj zrme}jm cxlo }ioj }l }ioj1 e` i`}jx`j} ~jexnf {igg rxlsimj }fjge}j~} i`clxoe}il`.

]fjFzoe` Xikf}~ En} 5996

]fj Fzoe` Xikf}~ En} hxlzkf} e `zohjx lc xikf}~ geim ml{` i` }fj Jzxlrje` Nl`sj`}il`l` Fzoe` Xikf}~ i`}l ZA ge{. ^jsjxeg lc }fj~j exj rex}inzgexgy xjgjse`}4

}fj xikf} }l e ceix }xieg

}fj xikf} `l} }l hj rzì~fjm clx ~loj}fi`k }fe} {e~`} e nxioj {fj` ylz mim i}

}fj xikf} }l `l`/mi~nxioiè}il`

Ex}ingj 5=' Rxlfihi}il` l` Mi~nxioiè}il`' xjge}j~ }l i`cxi`kjoj`} lc xikf}~ xjcjxxjm }l i` }fjNl`sj`}il` mzj }l e rjx~lèg nfexen}jxi~}in ~znf e~ mi~ehigi}y' ekj' ~jvzeg lxij`}e}il`.]fi~ ge{ j~}ehgi~fjm }fj xikf} }l e ceix }xieg e`m cgekkjm zr }fe} ~rjnieg exxe`kjoj`}~oeyfesj }l hj oemj clx ~loj rex}ij~. ^loj gjkeg ~rjniegi~}~ exkzj }fe} ennloolme}i`kmi~ehigi}ij~ i~ e fzoe` xikf} xe}fjx }fe` e` juzegi}y i~~zj e`m }fe} olxj nfeggj`kj~ `jjm}l hj oemj {finf {igg cgj~f lz} }fi~ gjki~ge}il`.

]fj Ylz}fDz~}inj # Nxioièg Jsimj`nj En} 5999

]fi~ En} iì}ieggy eggl{jm clx~rjnieg oje~zxj~ }l hj rxlsimjm clxjgikihgj {i}`j~~j~.

]fj~j oje~zxj~ i`ngzmj kisi`k jsimj`nj }fxlzkf e simjl già' kisi`k jsimj`nj cxlohjfi`m e ~nxjj` e`m }fj z~j lc e` I`}jxojmiexy' {fl i~ errli`}jm hy }fj nlzx} }lcenigi}e}j nloozìne}il`.



14/53

]fj Ylz}fDz~}inj # Nxioièg Jsimj`nj En} 5999 / nl`}.

]fj jgikihigi}y nxi}jxie xjge}j }l }fl~j z`mjx 5; e`m }fl~j {fl ~zccjx cxlo e oj`}egmi~lxmjx lx {fl fesj e ~ikìcine`} ioreixoj`} lc i`}jggikj`nj lx ~lnieg cz`n}ilì`k. ]fi~

{lzgm ~jjo }l nlsjx nl`mi}il`~ }fe} nloj {i}fi` Oj`}eg Fjeg}f ~znf e~ E}}j`}il` Mjcini}Fyrjxen}isi}y Mi~lxmjx e`m E~rjxkjx ^y`mxloj. E ne~j {lzgm fesj }l hj oemj clx l}fjx^RGM~ hz} i} i~ {lx}f a`l{i`k }fe} kzime`nj l` }fj En} fe~ `l{ j~}ehgi~fjm }fe} i} i~ `l}`jnj~~exy }fe} }fj {i}`j~~ i~ miek`l~jm e~ ~zccjxi`k cxlo e rex}inzgex nl`mi}il`.Nloozìne}il` ~flzgm hj kisj` e {imj i`}jxrxj}e}il`.

E `zohjx lc ne~j~ i` }fj ge~} cj{ yjex~ fesj gjm }l e` jv}j`~il` lc }fj z~j lcI`}jxojmiexij~ clx szg`jxehgj mjcj`me`}~ e~ {jgg e~ {i}`j~~j~.

]fj Rzhgin ^jn}lx Juzegi}y Mz}y 8255

Rxjsilz~gy' }fj Mi~ehigi}y Juzegi}y Mz}y &8223) xjuzixjm egg rzhgin hlmij~ }l i`nlxrlxe}jmi~ehigi}y juzegi}y i`}l egg mjni~il`~ e`m en}isi}ij~. ]fi~ {e~ johlmijm i` Mi~ehigi}y Juzegi}y^nfjoj~ e`m xjsij{jm z`mjx xjkzgex Juzegi}y Ioren} E~~j~~oj`}~. ]fj rxioexy eio lc}fi~ Mz}y {e~ }l imj`}icy e`y e`}i/mi~nxioiè}lxy rxen}inj~ e`m rxlol}j e rl~i}isj j}fl~}l{exm~ rjlrgj {i}f mi~ehigi}ij~.

L` ~jsjxeg lnne~il`~ I fesj }eaj` rex} i` nl`~zg}e}il`~ l` zrme}i`k Mi~ehigi}y Juzegi}y^nfjoj~ &MJ^). Gllai`k }fxlzkf }fj mlnzoj`}e}il` i} ~ll` hjneoj ngjex }fe} }fi~rxlnj~~ {e~ clnz~jm l` rfy~ineg mi~ehigi}ij~ e`m oj`}eg igg`j~~' `jkgjn}i`k }fj `jjm~ lc}fj gexkj rlrzge}il` {i}f ^RGM~. ]fj clnz~ eg~l }j`mjm }l hj l` ~}ecc {lxai`k clx }fjlxkeì~e}il` xe}fjx }fe` ngij`}~ z~i`k }fj ~jxsinj. ]fj Mz}y }fj` nfe`kjm ~l }fe} rzhgin

~jn}lx lxkeì~e}il`~ {jxj xjuzixjm }l rxlmznj e î`kgj Juzegi}y ^nfjoj' i`nlxrlxe}i`k egg}fj ~}xe`m~ lc misjx~i}y' juzegi}y e`m mi~ehigi}y.

Cxlo Erxig 8255' }fj Rzhgin ^jn}lx Juzegi}y Mz}y {igg nloj i`}l clxnj' rex} lc }fj 8252Juzegi}y En}. E} }fj }ioj lc {xi}i`k' i} fe~ hjj` ~zkkj~}jm }fe} }fj nlegi}il` klsjxòj`} i~~jjai`k }l oeaj }fi~ Mz}y gj~~ l`jxlz~ hy xjuzixi`k lxkeì~e}il`~ }l ~iorgy oeajjuzegi}y me}e eseigehgj

Nl`ngz~il`~

I` }fj nlzx~j lc }xeiì`k mjgisjxjm }l ~lgini}lx~' nlzx} ~}ecc' Nxl{` Rxl~jnz}il` ^}ecc e`mdzmkj~' I fesj clz`m }fe} `l`j lc }fj~j kxlzr~ a`l{~ oznf ehlz} mi~ehigi}y gjki~ge}il`z`gj~~ }fjy fesj nfl~j` }l ~rjniegi~j i` i} &~znf e~ ^rjnieg Jmzne}ilèg @jjm~ ]xihzègDzmkj~). I} errjex~ }l hj zr }l }fj nlzx}/z~jx lx emslne}j }l ~zkkj~} }fe} njx}ei` e~rjn}~lc gjki~ge}il` nlzgm hj errxlrxie}j {fjxj }fjxj i~ e mi~ehigi}y i~~zj.

CZX]FJX I@CLXOE]IL@

]fj Juzegi}y # Fzoe` Xikf}~ Nlooi~~il`]fi~ lxkeì~e}il` hxi`k~ }lkj}fjx }fj clxojx ~i`kgj i~~zj nlooi~~il`~ &~znf e~ }fj

Mi~ehigi}y Xikf}~ Nlooi~~il`) e`m i~ }fj cix~} rlx} lc negg xjkexmi`k i`clxoe}il` l`mi~ehigi}y mi~nxioiè}il`.[jh~i}j4 {{{.juzegi}yfzoe`xikf}~.nlo ]jg4 26=: 92=3352

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15/53

]fi~ ~jn}il` jvrglxj~ }fj `jjm clx Xje~lèhgj Emdz~}oj`}~ i` nlzx} e`m }xihzègfjexi`k~ e`m fl{ }l kl ehlz} lh}eiì`k }fjo.

[fe} exj Xje~lèhgj Emdz~}oj`}~) lx fesi`k ylzx ~lgini}lx errgy clx e nl`~imjxe}il` lc~rjnieg oje~zxj~

&~jj nfer}jx 8). I` hl}f ne~j~' mlnzoj`}e}il` oz~} hj clx{exmjm }l }fj nlzx} e`mnixnzge}jm }l }fj l}fjx rex}ij~ i` }fj ne~j.

Rex} H lc }fj Xjcjxj`nj ^jn}il` lc }fi~ Kzimj l` Xje~lèhgj Emdz~}oj`}~ ,Ennloolme}il`~ fe~ hjj` mj~ik`jm }l e~~i~} {i}f }fi~ rxlnj~~. ]fj = rekj ~zooexyz~j~ e nfjnagi~} errxlenf }l imj`}icy rl~~ihgj rxlhgjo exje~ e`m fl{ }fjy nlzgm hjennloolme}jm i` nlzx} lx }xihzèg fjexi`k~. I} i~ emsi~ehgj }l e~a e` ^RGM lx gjkegrxlcj~~ilèg }l mxe{ zr e mlnzoj`}' i`nlxrlxe}i`k }fi~ i`clxoe}il`. ]fjxj ~flzgm hjjsimj`nj }fe} ~znf rxlsi~il`~ exj dz~}icijm.

]fj Dz~}inj Kzimj &~jj }fj clggl{i`k ~jn}il`) i`ngzmj~ e` jveorgj lc }fi~ errxlenf i`

^jn}il` =.> Jveorgj lc Xje~lèhgj Emdz~}oj`}~ mlnzoj`}e}il`.

NGZJI@K ZR ]FJ RXLCJ^ÎL@EG^ 5>

= NGZJI@K ZR ]FJ RXLCJ^ÎL@EG^
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18/53

Rxlsimi`k z~jczg i`clxoe}il` / nl`}.

n) Lh}ei` }fj Kzimj clx Dz~}inj Rxlcj~~ilèg~]fi~ xj~lzxnj {e~ {xi}}j` {i}f }fj eio lc i`clxoi`k rxlcj~~ilèg~ ehlz} }fj ioren} lc^RGM~. J`}i}gjm ]fj Kllm Rxen}inj Kzimj clx Dz~}inj Rxlcj~~ilèg~4 Kzimjgi`j~ clx~zrrlx}i`k z~jx~ lc }fj Dz~}inj ^y~}jo {fl fesj My~gjvie e`m l}fjx ^rjnicin Gjexì`kMiccinzg}ij~' i} i~ mj~nxihjm e~ clggl{~4

Czgg mj}eig~ exj kisj` i` }fj Rex} E lc }fj Xjcjxj`nj ^jn}il`1 }fj Kzimj ne` eg~l hjml{`glemjm lx clx{exmjm cxlo }fj {jh~i}j {{{.my~gjvie/oegsjx`.nl.za. ]fj fexm nlryi~ lh}eièhgj cxlo }fj Hxi}i~f My~gjvie E~~lnie}il` lx cxlo ME@ME.

m) Cgek zr }fj Juzeg ]xje}oj`} Hj`nf Hlla]fi~ i~ }fj lccinieg kzime`nj clx }fj dzminiexy &i.j. dzmkj~' oeki~}xe}j~ e`m nfeix~ lc}xihzèg~) l` juzegi}y e`m misjx~i}y i~~zj~. Z`}ig xjnj`}gy' }fi~ iorlx}e`} rzhgine}il` fem`l nl`}j`} xjge}i`k }l ^RGM~. Ec}jx glhhyi`k e`m nlooi}}jj {lxa e ~jn}il` l` ^rjnicinGjexì`k Miccinzg}ij~ {e~ cièggy i`ngzmjm i` 8226 e`m }fj mi~ehigi}y kgl~~exy {e~ zrme}jm}l i`ngzmj i`clxoe}il` l` i`misimzeg ^RGM~ i` }fj nl`}jv} lc }fj nlzx}~.

Fl{jsjx I {lzgm jvrjn} }fj oedlxi}y lc }fj dzminiexy }l hj zè{exj lc }fi~ xj~lzxnjeoim~} }fj se~} eolz`} lc kzimjgi`j~ e`m mixjn}isj~ }fjy `jjm }l }eaj i`}l ennlz`}'z`gj~~ }fjy fesj xjnj`}gy }eaj` rex} i` misjx~i}y }xeiì`k. I} i~ rxlmznjm hy }fj Dzminieg^}zmij~ Hlexm' e`m i} i~ eseigehgj l` }fjix {jh~i}j4 {{{.dzminiexy.kls.za. ]fjxj exj già~}l }fj }{l xjgjse`} ~jn}il`~ &:.: # :.3) l` {{{.my~gjvie/oegsjx`.nl.za,kllmrxen}inj

j) J`~zxj }fe} e xjuzj~} clx Xje~lèhgj Emdz~}oj`}~ fe~ hjj` oemj sie }fj Nlzx}~Nz~}lojx jxsinj Mjrex}oj`}

I`clxoe}il` i~ kisj` }l{exm~ }fj j`m lc nfer}jx >.

c) Ennj~~ihigi}y `jjm~I`clxo ylzx ~lgini}lx &e`m l}fjx errxlrxie}j dz~}inj rxlcj~~ilèg~) ic ylz `jjm emer}e}il`~}l {xi}}j` nloozìne}il`~ ~znf e~ gexkjx cl`} ~itj' lcc/{fi}j rerjx lx ic ylz rxjcjxnloozìne}il`~ }l hj xjnjisjm jgjn}xlìneggy' jèhgi`k ylz }l z~j slinj xjnlkì}il` l`ylzx nlorz}jx.

Ic ylz jvrjxij`nj Si~zeg ^}xj~~' emsinj i~ eseigehgj cxlo }fj Hxi}i~f My~gjvie E~~lnie}ilè`m sie }fj fyrjxgià4 {{{.my~gjvie/oegsjx`.nl.za,si~zeg~}xj~~

NGZJI@K ZR ]FJ RXLCJ^ÎL@EG^ 5=

]fj Kzimj rxj~j`}~ }fj nfeggj`kj~ exi~i`k lz} lc ^rjnicin Gjexì`k Miccinzg}ij~ i` dz~}inj~j}}i`k~ e`m lz}gi`j~ kllm rxen}inj i` ennloolme}i`k }fjo. ]fjxj i~ e` jorfe~i~ lì`}jxsij{ ~i}ze}il`~ ~znf e~ nlzx}' }xihzèg lx rexlgj fjexi`k~ e`m rlginj nz~}lmy.
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19/53

I` }fi~ ~jn}il` {j glla e} xlz}j~ }l gjkeg emsinj e`m {ey~ lc nlri`k ic ylz exj `l}xjrxj~j`}jm hy e ~lgini}lx.

[fjxj e`m fl{ ne` ylz kj} kllm gjkeg emsinj=: =>=:. ]fjy {igg nl`mzn} e uzina ciè`nieg e~~j~~oj`}}l nfjna {fj}fjx ylz uzegicy clx cxjj gjkeg fjgr.

sie }fjix {jh~i}j {{{.nloozì}ygjkegemsinj.lxk.za.]fi~ nl`}ei`~ i`}jxen}isj }llg~}l ci`m lz} ic ylz nlzgm kj} gjkeg eim e`m fl{ }l glne}j gjkeg emsi~jx~ `jex ylz.

sie }fjix `j}{lxa lc Nloozì}y Gjkeg Emsinj nj`}xj~4 }fj~j lccjx i`mjrj`mj`}'

nl`cimj`}ieg gjkeg emsinj e`m xjrxj~j`}e}il` ~jxsinj~. sie miki}eg i`}jxen}isj }jgjsi~il`4 }fi~ jèhgj~ ylz }l ~jexnf clx e gjkeg emsi~jx'

lxmjx cxjj emsinj gjecgj}~' e`m lh}ei` i`clxoe}il`.

Ni}itj`~ Emsinj Hzxjez &NEH)Nl`}en} ylzx glneg NEH }l jùzixj ehlz} {fe} gjkeg emsinj i~ eseigehgj. Ylz {igg fesj }loeaj e` errli`}oj`}. [fj` ylz exj eh~lxhjm hy ylzx ne~j' i} ne` hj miccinzg} clx ylz }ljvrgei` }fj i~~zj~ ngjexgy ~l' hjclxj ojj}i`k {i}f e` Emsi~jx' oeaj ~loj `l}j~ ehlz} }fjhe~in cen}~ lc }fj oe}}jx' rxlsimi`k e nlry clx }fj Emsi~jx. Mzxi`k }fj ojj}i`k' }xy }l eslimkj}}i`k i`}l nlorgine}jm mj}eig ~}xeikf} e{ey. Nfjna }fe} ylz fesj nlxxjn}gy kxe~rjm }fjemsinj ylz fesj hjj` kisj`.

]xemj Zìl`~Ic ylz exj e ojohjx lc e ]xemj Zìl`' ylz ~flzgm hj ehgj }l kj} emsinj cxlo }fjix gjkegmjrex}oj`}. ]fi~ i~ {lx}f nfjnai`k lz} hjnez~j }fjy oey hj ehgj }l lccjx ylz ~zrrlx}mzxi`k e fjexi`k. ]eaj ennlz`} lc }fj ~zkkj~}il`~ i` }fj rxjsilz~ rexekxerf.

Xlyeg Nlzx}~ lc Dz~}inj Emsinj Hzxjez]fj Xlyeg Nlzx}~ lc Dz~}inj xz`~ e }jgjrfl`j emsinj gi`j l` 26== 6:3 >:>= {i}f e`zohjx lc ez}loe}jm lr}il`~ xjge}i`k }l miccjxj`} }yrj~ lc gjkeg emsinj' i` emmi}il` }l }fjlr}il` lc oeai`k e` errli`}oj`} {i}f e ~lgini}lx. ]fi~ fjgrgi`j nl~}~ :r rjx oi`z}j1 hj

e{exj }fe} ylz oey jvrjxij`nj mjgey~' cxz~}xe}il` e`m jvrj`~j {figj e{ei}i`k e xjrgy.

Gjkeg Eim

Gjkeg eim i~ eseigehgj clx oe`y }yrj~ lc nisig gjkeg rxlhgjo~ e`m clx nxioièg ne~j~nl`njxì`k iorxi~lèhgj lccj`nj~. Ic e nxioièg ne~j nl`njx`~ e `l`/iorxi~lèhgjlccj`nj i} oey ~}igg hj rl~~ihgj }l lh}ei` gjkeg eim ic }fj i`misimzeg i`slgsjm ne` hj ~fl{`}l fesj e` ioreixoj`} {finf oje`~ }fjy ne``l} xjrxj~j`} }fjo~jgsj~.

GJKEG EMSINJ E@M GJKEG EIM 53

^lzxnj~ lc emsinj exj gi~}jm i` Xjcjxj`nj ^jn}il` E' Xj~lzxnj~ # @j}{lxa~
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Gjkeg Eim / nl`}.

]fj gjkeg ~jxsinj~ {jh~i}j {{{.gjkeg~jxsinj~.kls.zalz}gi`j~ }fxjj nlxj i~~zj~ }fe} exjnl`~imjxjm {fj` e{exmi`k gjkeg eim.

]fj~j exj4

5. }fj }yrj lc gjkeg rxlhgjo8. ylzx i`nloj &jexì`k~ e`m hj`jci}~) e`m fl{ oznf neri}eg ylz fesj &ol`jy'

rxlrjx}y' hjgl`ki`k~)}fi~ i~ a`l{` e~ }fj oje`~ }j~}>. {fj}fjx }fjxj i~ e xje~lèhgj nfe`nj lc {i`ì`k ylzx ne~j e`m {fj}fjx i} i~ {lx}f

}fj }ioj e`m ol`jy `jjmjm }l {i` i} / }fi~ i~ a`l{` e~ }fj ojxi}~ }j~} e`m l`gyerrgij~ }l nisig ne~j~.

I` lxmjx }l {lxa lz} {fj}fjx ylz exj jgikihgj ciè`nieggy ylz nlzgm z~j }fj l`gi`j gjkeg eim

negnzge}lx l` }fj {jh~i}j {{{.nloozì}ygjkegemsinj.lxk.zalx rfl`j 2622 26: 33=>clx czx}fjx i`clxoe}il`. ]fj {jh~i}j eg~l già~ }l e mixjn}lxy lc ~lgini}lx~ {fl }eaj l`gjkeg eim {lxa.

E gjkeg emsi~jx lx ~lgini}lx {igg hj ehgj }l }jgg ylz {finf gjsjg lc ~jxsinj ylz `jjm e`m{fj}fjx }fjy ne` e~~j~~ ylzx gjkeg eim errgine}il` clx ylz. Ylz {igg `jjm }l hxi`kjsimj`nj lc ylzx i`nloj. Mlnzoj`}e}il` ~flzgm i`ngzmj4

&ic l` hj`jci}~) ylzx è}ilèg i`~zxe`nj `zohjx lx e gj}}jx nl`cixoi`k ylzx hj`jci}~

&ic jorglyjm) ylzx ge~} }fxjj rey ~gir~ lx ge~} }fxjj heà ~}e}joj`}~

&ic ~jgc/jorglyjm) }fj ge}j~} czgg ~jgc/e~~j~~oj`} }ev xj}zx` clxo lx ge}j~} ~j}lc ennlz`}~.

Errgine}il`~ exj &nzxxj`}gy) oemj }l e Gjkeg ^jxsinj~ Nlooi~~il` xjkilèg lccinj. GjkegEim i~ e{exmjm l` e ~gimi`k ~negj. Ylz oey xjnjisj czgg gjkeg eim' lx ~loj nl`}xihz}il` hz}~}igg fesj }l rey ~loj lc }fj nl~}~1 }fi~ mjrj`m~ l` ylzx ciè`nieg ~i}ze}il` e`m ylzx ne~j.]fj gjkeg eim cz`mi`k klj~ mixjn}gy }l ylzx ~lgini}lx lx emsi~jx.

Gjkeg Eim i` nxioièg ne~j~

]fj Nxioièg Mjcj`nj ^jxsinj &NM^) {lxa~ {i}f rjlrgj z`mjx rlginj i`sj~}ike}il` lx

ceni`k nxioièg nfexkj~ }l rxlsimj gjkeg emsinj e`m xjrxj~j`}e}il`.

^jxsinj~ nlorxi~j45. Cxjj gjkeg emsinj clx egg cxlo e ~lgini}lx e} }fj rlginj ~}e}il` hjclxj e`m

mzxi`k uzj~}ilì`k.8. E mz}y ~lgini}lx }l rxlsimj cxjj gjkeg emsinj e`m xjrxj~j`}e}il` e} e oeki~}xe}j~

nlzx} l` ylzx cix~} errjexe`nj.>. ]fj nl~} lc e ~lgini}lx rxjrexi`k e ne~j e`m iì}ieg xjrxj~j`}e}il` clx njx}ei`

rxlnjjmi`k~ e} e oeki~}xe}j~ lx Nxl{` Nlzx}.=. Czgg gjkeg xjrxj~j`}e}il` clx mjcj`nj i` nxioièg ne~j~ e} egg nlzx} gjsjg~.

GJKEG EMSINJ E@M GJKEG EIM 5;
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22/53

Gjkeg Eim i` nxioièg ne~j~ / nl`}.

E~~i~}e`nj i` ne~j rxjrexe}il` &>)' e`m czgg gjkeg xjrxj~j`}e}il` &=)' exj mjrj`mj`} l` eoje`~ }j~}' e~ {i}f gjkeg eim clx nisig oe}}jx~. Fl{jsjx' ~loj}ioj~ }fj Nlzx} oey mjnimj

}fe} `l nl`}xihz}il` i~ `jjmjm i` ylzx ne~j.

Rgje~j `l}j4Gjkeg eim i~ `l} eseigehgj clx njx}ei` }yrj~ lc }xihzèg ne~j~1 nzxxj`}gy }fi~ i`ngzmj~Jorglyoj`} ]xihzèg~. Fl{jsjx i} i~ emsi~ehgj }l nfjna' ~i`nj &e} }fj }ioj lc {xi}i`k){j exj i` e rjxilm lc }xe`~i}il`.Z`xjrxj~j`}jm Rex}ij~ e`m Gi}ike`}~/i`/Rjx~l`

]fj~j }jxo~ errgy }l ~lojl`j {fl' clx e sexij}y lc xje~l`~' i~ `l} xjrxj~j`}jm hy e~lgini}lx lx hexxi~}jx. ]fjy exj }fjxjclxj lhgikjm }l nl`mzn} }fjix ne~j rjx~lèggy' e

}xjoj`mlz~ nfeggj`kj clx e` i`misimzeg {i}f ^RGM~. @l} l`gy {igg }fjy `jjm }l i`clxo}fjo~jgsj~ nl`njxì`k }fj gjkeg xeoicine}il`~ lc }fjix ne~j' hz} rxlmznj e`m mikj~} gexkjeolz`}~ lc mlnzoj`}e}il` e`m clggl{ nlorgine}jm rxlnjmzxj~. Emmjm }l }fi~ {igg hj }fjmjoe`m~ lc }fj fjexi`k i}~jgc.

]fj Juzeg ]xje}oj`} Hj`nf Hllarxlsimj~ kzime`nj clx }fj dzminiexy. ]fj ~jn}il` l`Z`xjrxj~j`}jm Rex}ij~ i~ uzl}jm hjgl{4

Ic' clx e`y xje~l`' ylz ne``l} kj} xjrxj~j`}e}il` lx nfll~j `l} z~j e ~lgini}lx' ylzexj ~}xl`kgy emsi~jm }l i`sj~}ike}j ~lzxnj~ lc ~zrrlx}' i`ngzmi`k OnAj`tij

Cxij`m~' ~jj nfer}jx ;.

CZX]FJX I@CLXOE]IL@I`clxoe}il` clx Gi}ike`}~ i` rjx~l` {{{.gi}ike`}/i`/rjx~l`.nlo

Kl }l {{{.gjkeg~jxsinj~.kls.zae`m ci`m }fj rekj4 (E ^}jr/hy/~}jr Kzimj }l Gjkeg Eim(L}fjx kzimj~ eseigehgj l` }fi~ {jh~i}j i`ngzmj4E Rxen}ineg Kzimj }l Nxioièg Mjcj`nj^jxsinj~ e`m Nxioièg Mjcj`nj ^jxsinj~ e} }fj Rlginj ^}e}il` e`m i` Nlzx}.

GJKEG EMSINJ E@M GJKEG EIM 56

Xjrxj~j`}i`k l`j~jgc i~ fikfgy ièmsi~ehgj clx rjlrgj {i}f ^rjnicin Gjexì`k Miccinzg}ij~.]fj miccinzg}ij~ lc mli`k ~l ~flzgm hj oemj ngjex' e`m i`clxoe}il` l` gjkeg emsinj

rxlsimjm. Ic }fj i`misimzeg ~}igg mjnimj~ }l kl efjem' ngjex {xi}}j` kzimjgi`j~ ~flzgm hjrxlsimjm l` nlzx} rxlnjmzxj~ e`m }jxoi`lglky. ]fj rxj~j`nj lc e OnAj`tij Cxij`mi`nisig lx ceoigy rxlnjjmi`k~ ~flzgm hj j`nlzxekjm i` lxmjx }l fjgr glne}j i`clxoe}il`'rxlor} e~ `jnj~~exy mzxi`k }fj uzj~}ilì`k lc {i}`j~~j~' e`m rxlsimj }fj lrrlx}zì}y clxhxijc mi~nz~~il` lc i~~zj~ e~ }fjy exi~j. [i}`j~~ I`}jxojmiexij~ oey eg~l {lxa {i}frjlrgj {i}f ^rjnicin Gjexì`k Miccinzg}ij~ e`m i} oey `l} hj `jnj~~exy }l xj~}xin} }fi~ }lnxioièg ne~j~ Qj`m lc ~jn}il` :.:.=_.

Rgje~j `l}j4

I` }fi~ rjxilm lc xerim nfe`kj' i} i~ {lx}f gllai`k }fj me}j l` egg }fj ehlsj kzimj~ e`mnfjnai`k {fj}fjx }fj i`clxoe}il` }fjy rxlsimj i~ ~}igg nzxxj`}.
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]fi~ nfer}jx {igg mjeg {i}f Lccinieg kzime`nj' Rxj/}xieg si~i}~' Gjkeg errli`}oj`}~e`m Ne~j Oeèkjoj`} i~~zj~. ]fj clggl{i`k }lrin~ exj mjeg} {i}f jg~j{fjxj4Lxkeì~i`k Xje~lèhgj Emdz~}oj`}~ &nfer}jx >)1 Gjkeg Xjrxj~j`}e}il` &nfer}jx :)1

Fzoe` zrrlx}&nfer}jx ;).

Lccinieg kzime`nj

]fj lccinieg {jh~i}j {{{.mixjn}.kls.za nl`}ei`~ e ~jn}il` j`}i}gjm4 Kli`k }l nlzx} ic ylzfesj e fimmj` ioreixoj`}i` {finf my~gjvie i~ oj`}il`jm4

Fimmj` ioreixoj`}~ exj mj~nxihjm e~ clggl{~4Fimmj` ioreixoj`}~ i`ngzmj mi~ehigi}ij~ }fe} oey `l} hj lhsilz~ }l l}fjx rjlrgj giaj e~gikf} olhigi}y ioreixoj`}' miehj}j~' jrigjr~y' ne`njx lx my~gjvie.

]fj fjemi`k }fe} clggl{~4 ]fi`k~ }l }fià ehlz}nl`}ei`~ ~loj fjgrczg emsinj.

Ylz exj emsi~jm }l ~rjea }l }fj nlzx}+~ Nz~}lojx ^jxsinj Lccinjx lx }fj rjx~l` l` }fjxjnjr}il` mj~a ic ylz fesj e`y nl`njx`~lx ic ylz oey `jjm fjgr.

I} i~ rl~~ihgj }l exxe`kj e kzimjm si~i} }l }fj nlzx} hjclxj ylzx fjexi`k e`m fjxj ylz ne`}eaj }fj lrrlx}zì}y }l ngexicy sexilz~ i~~zj~. ]fi~ ne` hj ml`j }fxlzkf }fj Nz~}lojx^jxsinj Lccinjx e} }fj nlzx} ylz exj mzj }l e}}j`m.

]fj kzime`nj nl`}i`zj~4

Ic ylzx ioreixoj`} lx ojmineg nl`mi}il` i~ giajgy }l eccjn} ylz mzxi`k e fjexi`k' }jgg }fjz~fjx,nlzx} ngjxa hjclxj }fj fjexi`k hjki`~. Jveorgj~ lc e~~i~}e`nj }l e~a clx i`ngzmj4

fesi`k uzj~}il`~ xjem lz} }l ylz ~l }fe} e clxo ne` hj nlorgj}jm

ic ylz fesj ioreixjm ~rjjnf' fesi`k ~lojl`j }l ~rjea clx ylz

hji`k ehgj }l je} lx mxià e} xjkzgex i`}jxseg~ mzxi`k }fj fjexi`k hjnez~j ylzexj miehj}in

fesi`k xjkzgex hxjea~' clx jveorgj }l }eaj ojmine}il`

Rxj/}xieg si~i}~

Ic ylzx fjexi`k i`slgsj~ i~~zj~ }fe} `jjm }l hj ~lx}jm lz} i` emse`nj' ~znf e~ }fj z~j lce` I`}jxojmiexy lx l}fjx ~rjnieg oje~zxj~' }fi~ {igg `jnj~~i}e}j e si~i} }l }fj nlzx} {finf{igg jèhgj ylz }l ceoigiexi~j ylzx~jgc {i}f }fj hzigmi`k e} }fj ~eoj }ioj. Nfjna i` {finfxllo ylzx fjexi`k i~ giajgy }l }eaj rgenj e`m {fe} cenigi}ij~ }fjxj exj.

RXJREXI@K CLX E NLZX] FJEXI@K 59

3 RXJREXI@K CLX E NLZX] FJEXI@K

Ylz exj zxkjm }l hxi`k e`y fimmj` ioreixoj`}rxlhgjo~ }l }fj e}}j`}il` lc }fj nlzx}e~ ~ll` e~ rl~~ihgj.
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Rxj/}xieg si~i}~ / nl`}.

Kllkgj/oer~ i~ l`j {ey }l glne}j }fj nlzx} hzigmi`k &sie }fj rl~}/nlmj). ]fj {jh~i}j{{{.mixjn}.kls.zaeg~l fe~ già~ }l jsjxy nlzx}flz~j z`mjxCi`m e nlzx}{finf ~flzgm

}fj` rxlsimj mixjn}il`~. Ic ylz exj `l} l` }fj i`}jx`j}' rfl`j }fj nlzx} &}fj `zohjx~flzgm hj l` ylzx nlxxj~rl`mj`nj) e`m e~a clx e oer e`m {xi}}j` mixjn}il`~. Ic ylz fesjmiccinzg}ij~ {i}f oer xjemi`k' jvrgei` }fe} ylz fesj my~rxevie , my~gjvie &e~ errxlrxie}j)e`m }fe} }fi~ i~ e mi~ehigi}y eccjn}i`k lxij`}e}il`. Ylz oikf} ci`m i} fjgrczg }l jùzixj ehlz}ge`moexa~. I} i~ eg~l z~jczg }l xjuzj~} }fj nl`}en} èoj e`m rfl`j `zohjx lc e ojohjxlc ~}ecc {fl ne` ojj} ylz.

Ylz oey hj lhgikjm }l e}}j`m }fj nlzx} rxilx }l }fj fjexi`k' mzj }l ne~j oeèkjoj`}cen}lx~. Ic `l}' ylz exj {i}fi` ylzx xikf}~ }l xjuzj~} e si~i}' l` }fj kxlz`m~ lc mi~ehigi}y lxe fimmj` ioreixoj`}. I {lzgm emsi~j ylz }l }eaj emse`}ekj lc }fi~ lrrlx}zì}y.

Gjkeg errli`}oj`}~ &eg~l a`l{` e~ gjkeg nl`cjxj`nj~)

Ic ylz fesj gjkeg xjrxj~j`}e}il` i} {igg hj zr }l ylz }l rxlsimj ngjex i`clxoe}il`' imjeggyhenajm zr hy rxlcj~~ilèg mlnzoj`}e}il` ~znf e~ e xjrlx} &{finf nlzgm hj reim clx hygjkeg eim). Nfer}jx = i~ ehlz} Ngzji`k zr }fj rxlcj~~ilèg~. I} i~ si}eg }fe} ylzx rxlhgjoexje~ exj mi~nz~~jm e~ jexgy e~ rl~~ihgj i` }fj rxlnjjmi`k~ e`m }fe} ylz exj ~rjnicinehlz} fl{ }fj fjexi`k i~ giajgy }l ioren} l` ylzx mi~ehigi}y. Z~i`k }fj }jxo mi~ehigi}yoeyhj ekei`~} ylzx rxi`nirgj~' hz} i} i~ l` }fj kxlz`m~ lc mi~ehigi}y }fe} ylz exj j`}i}gjm }ljv}xe ~zrrlx} e`m xje~lèhgj emdz~}oj`}~.

]fj gjkeg ojj}i`k~ mzxi`k {finf }fj ne~j i~ rxjrexjm exj ylzx lrrlx}zì}y }l jmzne}jylzx ge{yjx ehlz} }fj jccjn}~ lc ylzx rex}inzgex miccinzg}ij~' e`m jvrglxj fl{ }fj~j ne`hj~} hj ennloolme}jm i` lxmjx clx ylz }l rxlsimj hj~} jsimj`nj. Ic ylz a`l{ }fe} ylzlc}j` oi~i`}jxrxj} e uzj~}il`' oi~~ }fj rli`} lx fesj kxje} }xlzhgj kj}}i`k ylzx rli`}~enxl~~' `l{ i~ }fj }ioj }l ~ey }fi~ e`m clx }fj ge{yjx }l z`mjx~}e`m }fe} ylz fesjkj`zi`j e`m nl`~i~}j`} miccinzg}ij~ i` }fj~j exje~. Ic ~,fj mjnimj~ }l oeaj e ~}e}joj`}ehlz} ylzx nl`mi}il` l` ylzx hjfegc' oeaj ~zxj ylz fesj fem e nfe`nj }l ~}zmy i} cix~}.Imjeggy ylz ~flzgm {lxa l` i} }lkj}fjx.

Egg }fj~j i~~zj~ exj eg~l xjgjse`} clx ojj}i`k~ {i}f OnAj`tij Cxij`m~ e`m l}fjx ~zrrlx}rjx~l``jg &nfer}jx ;).

Ne~j Oeèkjoj`} i~~zj~

L`j lc }fj i~~zj~ }fe} ~flzgm nloj zr i` ne~j oeèkjoj`} ojj}i`k~ e`m mixjn}il`~fjexi`k~ i~ }fj oe}}jx lc xje~lèhgj emdz~}oj`}~. ]fi~ i~ zr }l ylzx gjkeg xjrxj~j`}e}isjhz} ml `l} e~~zoj }fe}' hjnez~j ylz fesj e~ajm clx ~loj}fi`k' i} {igg ferrj`. Mj~ri}j}fj j`nlzxeki`k xjcjxj`nj }l my~gjvie l` }fj mixjn}.kls {jh~i}j ylz exj giajgy }l hj cenjm{i}f ik`lxe`nj e`m jsj` hj{igmjxoj`}. I} i~ hj~} }l hj sjxy ngjex ehlz} {fe} i~ `jjmjme`m }l ajjr i} e~ ~iorgj e~ rl~~ihgj' z~i`k }fj clxoe} ~zkkj~}jm i` nfer}jx >.

RXJREXI@K CLX E NLZX] FJEXI@K 82


25/53

Ne~j Oe`ekjoj`} i~~zj~ / nl`}.

E` jveorgj lc e z~jczg errxlenf i~ e ~}e}joj`} ~znf e~4I fesj e sjxy ~flx} e}}j`}il` ~re`' }fi~ fe~ hjj` mlnzoj`}jm i` oy xjrlx}.

I }fjxjclxj `jjm e ~flx} hxjea jsjxy =2 oi`z}j~ }l xj~}lxj oy nl`nj`}xe}il`.]fi~ i~ e mi~ehigi}y i~~zj. Rgje~j ne` ylz nl`cixo }fe} I {igg hj eggl{jm hxjea~


26/53

]fi~ ~jn}il` mjeg~ {i}f }fj sexilz~ }yrj~ lc fzoe` ~zrrlx} }fe} exj eseigehgj i`miccjxj`} nixnzo~}e`nj~ e`m sie miccjxj`} xlz}j~. &Gjkeg Eim e`m Gjkeg Emsinj exjmi~nz~~jm i` nfer}jx :).

Errxlrxie}j Emzg}~

^jj nfer}jx 5 clx fl{ }fjy ne` rxlsimj ~zrrlx} i` rlginj nz~}lmy.

]fj [i}`j~~ ^jxsinj

]fj [i}`j~~ ^jxsinj lrjxe}j~ }fxlzkf e `j}{lxa lc glneg hxe`nfj~. ]fjix {jh~i}j'{{{.sin}io~zrrlx}.lxk.za' rxlsimj~ }fj clggl{i`k i`clxoe}il` ehlz} i}~ ~jxsinj~4

Ylzx glneg [i}`j~~ ^jxsinj ne` kisj ylz fjgr e`m ~zrrlx} ic ylz exj kli`k }l nlzx} e~ e{i}`j~~' lx ic ylz a`l{ ~lojl`j {fl i~. [j+gg ~zrrlx} ylz l` }fj mey ylz nloj }l nlzx}ic ylz {e`} z~ }l1 hz} ic ylz kj} i` }lznf {i}f z~ jexgijx {j ne` ml jsj` olxj }l fjgr / clxjveorgj' lxkeì~i`k e si~i} }l }fj nlzx}xllo hjclxj }fj }xieg ~l ylz a`l{ {fe} }l jvrjn}.Eg}jxè}isjgy' lzx è}ilèg Sin}io ^zrrlx}gi`j ne` kisj ylz i`clxoe}il` e`m jol}ilèg~zrrlx}' e`l`yolz~gy e`m i` nl`cimj`nj' ]jg4 26=: >2 >2 9222.

Ic ylz exj cjjgi`k i`}ioime}jm lx }fxje}j`jm hjnez~j ylz fesj {i}`j~~jm e nxioj' lxhjnez~j ylz fesj ekxjjm }l kl }l nlzx} }l kisj jsimj`nj' ylz ~flzgm ~rjea }l }fj rlginjlx }fj Nxl{` Rxl~jnz}il` ^jxsinj ioojmie}jgy e`m e~a clx rxl}jn}il`.

Z~jczg ~jn}il`~ l` }fj Sin}io ^zrrlx} {jh~i}j i`ngzmj4Fl{ {j ne` fjgr ylze`mE Kzimj }l }fj Nlzx}~.

I`}jxojmiexij~ &~jj eg~l nfer}jx 5)

Ic ylz exj giajgy }l fesj miccinzg}ij~ z`mjx~}e`mi`k e`m nloozìne}i`k i` nlzx}' }fj nlzx}

ne` ~loj}ioj~ errli`} e` I`}jxojmiexy. I`}jxojmiexij~ exj l`j lc }fj ~rjnieg oje~zxj~nxje}jm hy }fj Ylz}f Dz~}inj e`m Nxioièg Jsimj`nj En}' 5999. ]fj ge{ eggl{~ clx }fjixz~j {i}f rxl~jnz}il` lx mjcj`nj {i}`j~~j~ hz} }fj nlzx}~ fesj }fj ez}flxi}y }l lxmjx }fjz~j lc e` I`}jxojmiexy clx e mjcj`me`}. Clxojxgy xjcjxxjm }l e~ [i}`j~~ I`}jxojmiexij~'}fj èoj fe~ `l{ nfe`kjm }l I`}jxojmiexij~' {finf xjcgjn}~ }fj cen} }fe} i} i~ ~loj}ioj~rl~~ihgj clx }fjo }l {lxa {i}f e mjcj`me`}.

]fjix xlgj i~ }l cenigi}e}j nloozìne}il` hy e~~i~}i`k e {i}`j~~ lx mjcj`me`} }lz`mjx~}e`m uzj~}il`~ rz} }l }fjo e`m' {fjxj `jnj~~exy' nloozìne}i`k }fjix xjrgy.

I`}jxojmiexij~ }fjxjclxj `jjm }l hj nloozìne}il` ~rjniegi~}~1 oe`y exj ~rjjnf e`m

ge`kzekj }fjxeri~}~' {i}f emmi}ilèg ~rjnieg }xeiì`k jèhgi`k }fjo }l hjnloj xjki~}jxjmI`}jxojmiexij~. ]fjix mz}y i~ }l }fj nlzx} `l} }l }fj i`misimzeg }fjy exj e~~i~}i`k.

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; ^LZXNJ^ LC ^ZRRLX] I@ NLZX]

î`nj rxlsi~il`~ ~jjo }l hj nfe`ki`k jsjx olxj cxjuzj`}gy' ylz exj ~}xl`kgyemsi~jm }l nfjna {i}f }fj xjgjse`} {jh~i}j~ e`m fjgrgi`j~.
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I`}jxojmiexij~ / nl`}.

@l`/xjki~}jxjm I`}jxojmiexij~ne` hj z~jm {fjxj }fj {i}`j~~~ nloozìne}il` `jjm~exj ~znf }fe} l`gy ~lojl`j {fl a`l{~ lx fe~ }xje}jm }fjo ne` rxlsimj }fj `jnj~~exy

nloozìne}il`' hz} }fi~ {lzgm hj z`giajgy }l xjge}j }l ^RGM~.

I} i~ {lx}f `l}i`k }fe} {j exj }lgm }fe} }fj }jxo nloozìne}il` ~flzgm hj i`}jxrxj}jm{imjgy e`m }fe} }fj rjx~l` i` nlzx} mlj~ `l} `jjm }l hj ~zccjxi`k cxlo e rex}inzgexgi~}jm nl`mi}il`.

]{l }yrj~ lc szg`jxehgj nlzx} z~jx~ &a`l{` e~ ~jn}il` 53 {i}`j~~j~) exj lz}gi`jm i`}fj Ylz}f e`m Nxioièg Jsimj`nj En}4

5. Nfigmxj` z`mjx }fj ekj lc 5; e} }fj }ioj lc }fj fjexi`k. ]fj Enfijsi`k Hj~}Jsimj`nj xjrlx} &{finf xjge}j~ }l nfigmxj`) xjnlooj`m~ }fe} e` I`}jxojmiexy oeyhj z~jm }l fjgr iorxlsj }fj uzegi}y lc jsimj`nj lc e`y nfigm {fl i~ zèhgj }lmj}jn} e`m nlrj {i}f oi~z`mjx~}e`mi`k' xjnlkì~j e rxlhgjoe}in uzj~}il` lx }jgg}fj uzj~}il`jx }fe} }fjy fesj `l} z`mjx~}llm. &]fi~ {lzgm eg~l ~jjo }l hjxjgjse`} }l ~loj rjlrgj {i}f ^RGM~' j~rjnieggy {fj` z`mjx ~}xj~~.)

8. E`yl`j {fl~j uzegi}y lc jsimj`nj i~ giajgy }l hj mioiì~fjm hy xje~l` lc }fjcen} }fe} }fjy ~zccjx cxlo e oj`}eg mi~lxmjx {i}fi` }fj ojeì`k lc }fj Oj`}eg Fjeg}fEn} 596>' lx l}fjx{i~j fesj e ~ikìcine`} ioreixoj`} lc i`}jggikj`nj e`m ~lniegcz`n}il`' lx fesj e rfy~ineg mi~ehigi}y lx i~ ~zccjxi`k cxlo e rfy~ineg mi~lxmjx.

]fj Oj`}eg Fjeg}f En} ~flzgm nlsjx }fl~j {i}f E}}j`}il` Mjcini} &Fyrjxen}isi}y) Mi~lxmjx'

e`y clxo lc Ez}i~o' mjrxj~~il` e`m e`vij}y mi~lxmjx~ &ic miek`l~jm). I} mlj~ `l} i`ngzmj}fl~j {i}flz} e`y lc }fj ehlsj nl`mi}il`~ hz} {fl ~}igg jvrjxij`nj nl`~imjxehgjmiccinzg}ij~ {i}f e~rjn}~ lc nloozìne}il` e~ rex} lc }fjix ~rjnicin miccinzg}ij~ rxlcigj.

I` lxmjx }l oeaj }fj ne~j clx }fj z~j lc e` I`}jxojmiexy {i}f e nlzx}/z~jx {fl fe~^RGM~' I {lzgm jvrjn} }fj nloozìne}il` rxlhgjo }l hj nl`~imjxehgj e`m henajm zr hyrxlcj~~ilèg mlnzoj`}e}il`.

I} i~ lc}j` }fj emmi}il` lc ~}xj~~ }fe} z`mjxoi`j~ e rjx~l`~ ehigi}y }l nloozìne}j. [fjxj}fi~ cen} `jjm~ }l hj j~}ehgi~fjm' i} oz~} hj ~fl{` }fe} }fj mjhigi}e}i`k jccjn}~ lc ~}xj~~kl hjyl`m }fj `jxslz~`j~~ lc ~lojl`j {i}flz} e mi~ehigi}y {fl nloj~ hjclxj }fj nlzx}~.

Ic rxlcj~~ilèg xjrlx}~ exj xjuzixjm' }fjy ne` ~loj}ioj~ hj reim clx cxlo }fj gjkegeim cz`m.

E~rjxkjx ^y`mxloj i~ `l} eg{ey~ ioojmie}jgy errexj`} lx miek`l~jm' hz} }fi~ i~ enl`mi}il` {fjxj e nloozìne}il` ~rjniegi~} {i}f jvrjx} a`l{gjmkj lc E~rjxkjx^y`mxloj e`m imjeggy lc }fj i`misimzeg i`slgsjm' ~flzgm eg{ey~ hj rxlsimjm. Ic ylz~zrrlx} ~lojl`j {i}f E~rjxkjx ^y`mxloj {fl kj}~ i`}l }xlzhgj {i}f }fj ge{ lx fe~ }lerrjex e~ e {i}`j~~' i} i~ emsi~ehgj }l nl`}en} }fj @e}ilèg Ez}i~}in ^lnij}y ~}xeikf} e{eyclx emsinj.

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I`}jxojmiexij~4 }fj rxlnj~~

I`}jxojmiexij~ {lxa i` hl}f }fj Nxl{` e`m }fj Oeki~}xe}j~ nlzx}~ e`m exj errli`}jmhy }fj nlzx}~' `l} }fj ~lgini}lx. ]fjix z~j {igg `jnj~~i}e}j e rxj/}xieg fjexi`k }l ~lx} lz}jven}gy {fe} fjgr ~flzgm hj kisj`. Fl{jsjx nloozìne}il` `jjm~ ~flzgm fesj hjj``l}jm jexgijx i` }fj rxlnj~~' e} }fj rlginj ~}ekj &~jj nfer}jx 5) gjemi`k }l e`jexgy ~rjnieg oje~zxj~ ojj}i`khj}{jj` }fj rlginj lccinjx i`slgsjm e`m }fj Nxl{`Rxl~jnz}il` jxsinj.

Ic `jnj~~exy' e xjcjxxeg i~ oemj }l }fj Lccinj clx Nxioièg Dz~}inj Xjclxo {finf oeèkj~}fj è}ilèg xjki~}jx lc I`}jxojmiexij~. E ojj}i`k i~ }fj` ~j} zr hj}{jj` e` I`}jxojmiexye`m }fj rjx~l` nloi`k hjclxj }fj nlzx}~ &ic nl`~j`} fe~ hjj` kisj`) ~l }fe} }fjixnloozìne}il` `jjm~ ne` hj e~~j~~jm.

E~ e xj~zg} lc }fj e~~j~~oj`}' }fj I`}jxojmiexy i~ ehgj }l e~njx}ei` }fj clggl{i`k4

{fj}fjx }fj {i}`j~~ ne` kisj jsimj`nj e} egg

{fj}fjx }fj {i}`j~~ ne` kisj jsimj`nj {i}f }fj e~~i~}e`nj lc e` i`}jxojmiexy

{fj}fjx }fj {i}`j~~ `jjm~ }fj e~~i~}e`nj lc e` i`}jxojmiexy

{fj}fjx }fi~ i`}jxojmiexy fe~ }fj `jnj~~exy ~aigg~ }l fjgr }fi~ {i}`j~~ / ic }fjy ml`l}' }fj` }fj ne~j i~ fe`mjm l` }l e`l}fjx i`}jxojmiexy

{fj}fjx }fj {i}`j~~ {i~fj~ }fi~ i`}jxojmiexy }l fjgr }fjo.

]fj j`~zi`k xjrlx} i~ nixnzge}jm }l }fj i`sj~}ike}i`k &rlginj) lccinjx' }fj Nxl{`Rxl~jnz}il` ^jxsinj e`m }fj nlzx} &i`ngzmi`k }fj mjcj`nj). I} xjnlxm~ hl}f }fj nlzx} z~jx~`jjm~ e`m e ~zooexy lc e`y ~zkkj~}il`~ e~ }l fl{ ~,fj ne` kisj hj~} jsimj`nj e} }xieg.I` }fi~ {ey i} ~jxsj~ e ~ioigex rzxrl~j }l e mlnzoj`} lz}giì`k }fj `jjm clx Xje~lèhgjEmdz~}oj`}~ e`m xjnlooj`mi`k {fe} emdz~}oj }~ exj errxlrxie}j.

Eg}flzkf i} i~ imjeg }l fesj e` I`}jxojmiexy i`slgsjm e} }fj ~}ekj lc rlginj uzj~}ilì`k'~,fj oey hj hxlzkf} i` oznf ge}jx ic nl`njx`~ exj xei~jm hy }fj Nxl{` Rxl~jnz}il`^jxsinj' }fj [i}`j~~ ^jxsinj' lx }fj dzmkj e} }fj rxj/}xieg ~}ekj lx jsj` mzxi`k }fj nlzx~jlc }fj }xieg i}~jgc.

OnAj`tij Cxij`m~

]fi~ ~jn}il` xjcjx~ }l ~zrrlx} clx rjlrgj gi}ike}i`k i` }fj nisig lx ceoigy nlzx}~ {fl exj `l}xjrxj~j`}jm hy e ~lgini}lx. ]fj clnz~ lc }fi~ ~jn}il` i~ }fj ~zrrlx} xlgj lc }fj OnAj`tijCxij`m e`m fl{ }l kl ehlz} lh}eiì`k l`j.

^jj eg~l Gi}ike`}~ i` Rjx~l` e`m Gjkeg Eim i~~zj~ &nfer}jx :).

Ic ylz exj `l} hji`k xjrxj~j`}jm hy e ~lgini}lx lx hexxi~}jx' ylz fesj }fj xikf} }lxje~lèhgj e~~i~}e`nj cxlo e geyrjx~l`' z~zeggy xjcjxxjm }l e~ e OnAj`tij Cxij`m.

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OnAj`tij Cxij`m~ / nl`}.

Ic ylz {i~f }l jvjxni~j }fi~ xikf} ylz ~flzgm i`clxo }fj dzmkj e} }fj ~}ex} lc }fj fjexi`ke`m ~}e}j {fl }fj OnAj`tij Cxij`m {igg hj. ]fj OnAj`tij Cxij`m oey hj xjuzj~}jm }l~zhoi} e ~flx} ~}e}joj`} ~j}}i`k lz} xjgjse`} jvrjxij`nj' nl`cixoi`k }fe} fj lx ~fj fe~`l i`}jxj~} i` }fj ne~j e`m z`mjx~}e`m~ }fj OnAj`tij Cxij`m~ xlgj' }lkj}fjx {i}f }fjmz}y lc nl`cimj`}iegi}y.

]fi~ xlgj lc }fj OnAj`tij Cxij`m i~ ngjexgy geim lz} i` kzime`nj mlnzoj`}e}il`.

]fjy oey45. rxlsimj olxeg ~zrrlx} clx gi}ike`}~8. }eaj `l}j~

>. fjgr {i}f ne~j rerjx~=. uzij}gy kisj emsinj l` e`y e~rjn} lc }fj nl`mzn} lc }fj ne~j.

]fjy oey `l}45. en} e~ }fj gi}ike`}~ ekj`} i` xjge}il` }l }fj rxlnjjmi`k~8. oeèkj gi}ike`}~ ne~j~ lz}~imj nlzx}' clx jveorgj hy ~ikì`k nlzx} mlnzoj`}~>. oeaj lxeg ~zhoi~~il`~' jveoi`j {i}`j~~j~ lx emmxj~~ }fj nlzx} &jvnjr} i` sjxy

z`z~zeg nixnzo~}e`nj~).

Jveorgj~ lc jvnjr}ilèg nixnzo~}e`nj~ i` {finf }fj OnAj`tij cxij`m oikf} hj kxe`}jme xikf} lc ezmij`nj hy }fj nlzx} exj e~ clggl{~ &}fj gi}ike`} {lzgm hj jvrjn}jm }lhj rxj~j`})4

}fj OnAj`tij Cxij`m i~ e ngl~j xjge}isj lc }fj gi}ike`}

fjeg}f rxlhgjo~ rxjsj`} }fj gi}ike`} cxlo emmxj~~i`k }fj nlzx} e`m nl`mzn}i`k }fjgi}ike}il`' e`m }fj gi}ike`} ne``l} ecclxm }l rey clx e uzegicijm gjkeg xjrxj~j`}e}isj

}fj gi}ike`} i~ xjge}isjgy ièx}inzge}j ~l i} i~ rxjcjxehgj clx }fj OnAj`tij Cxij`m }l~rjea }fj gi}ike`}~ {lxm~ }fe` }l fesj }l rxlor} e`m j`nlzxekj fio' }fz~rxlgl`ki`k }fj rxlnjjmi`k~ z``jnj~~exigy.

Rgje~j `l}j4

I} i~ eg~l rl~~ihgj clx OnAj`tij Cxij`m~ }l hj z~jm i` nxioièg ne~j~.

Gey xjrxj~j`}e}isj

Lccinieg kzime`nj oeaj~ rxlsi~il` clx Gey Xjrxj~j`}e}isj~. ]fjix xlgj i~ mjci`jm e~~lojl`j {fl fe~ `l emslneny xikf}~ hz} i~ kxe`}jm xikf} lc ezmij`nj. ]fi~ oey hj l`hjfegc lc e gi}ike`} {i}f rllx fjeg}f {fl i~ zèhgj }l kj} e ~lgini}lx. Errgine}il` }l z~j eGey Xjrxj~j`}e}isj oz~} hj oemj e} }fj l`~j} lc e fjexi`k' hz} i} i~ {lx}f nl`~imjxi`k{fj}fjx }fi~ rxlsi~il` i~ errxlrxie}j e} }fj jexgij~} lrrlx}zì}y.

^LZXNJ^ LC ^ZRRLX] I@ NLZX] 8:


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^zrrlx} [lxajx

]fjxj exj jveorgj~ lc }fj nlzx} eggl{i`k e` i`misimzeg {i}f ^RGM~ }l hj e~~i~}jm hy e^zrrlx} [lxajx. Ic }fi~ rjx~l` i~ e` ^RGM ~rjniegi~}' {lxai`k {i}f }fj ~lgini}lx' }fj fjgr

rxlsimjm ne` hj i`segzehgj. I` e rex}inzgex nfigm nz~}lmy ne~j' }fj ~zrrlx} clxNgij`} V i`ngzmjm4

Rxlsimi`k xjnlooj`me}il`~ }l }fj rex}inire`}~ i` }fj nlzx} ne~j' ~znf e~ rez~i`khj}{jj` ~j`}j`nj~ {fj` xjemi`k i`clxoe}il` eglzm &}l jèhgj V }l }eaj i} iòlxj je~igy)1 xjrje}i`k hena {fe} V fem ~eim1 eggl{i`k fjx }ioj }l clxozge}jfjx xj~rl`~j~

I`}jxsjì`k ic i} hjneoj ngjex }fe} e uzj~}il` fem `l} hjj` z`mjx~}llm

Re~~i`k `l}j~' min}e}jm hy V' }l fjx nlz`~jg

I`mine}i`k {fj` e hxjea {e~ `jnj~~exy

Imj`}icyi`k e`m &uzij}gy) xjemi`k xjgjse`} }jv} }l V {fj` ~fj {e~ e~ajm }l xjcjx }lfjx ~}e}joj`}

Ennlore`yi`k V }l e uzij} ~renj lz} lc }fj nlzx}xllo' {fj` ~fj {e~ xjuzixjm }lxjem e`m mikj~} `j{ mlnzoj`}e}il`.

]fi~ }yrj lc fjgr i~ }fj imjeg ~zrrlx} clx e rjx~l` {i}f ^RGM~ i` e nlzx}' }xihzèg lx rexlgjhlexm fjexi`k. E`l}fjx z~jczg ~jxsinj i~ }fe} lc e `l}j/}eajx {fl i~ eggl{jm }l }yrj zr esjxhe}io ~nxir} clx }fj nlzx} z~jx {i}f ^RGM~.

Rjx~lèg ^zrrlx} Zì}~

]fi~ nfexi}ehgj lxkeì~e}il` lccjx~ e sexij}y lc fjgr }fe} nlzgm hj i`segzehgj }l nlzx}/z~jx~{i}f ^RGM~ {fl exj z`xjrxj~j`}jm &i.j. {i}flz} e ge{yjx)' clx jveorgj4

rxlsimi`k i`clxoe}il` ehlz} nlzx}~ e`m nlzx} rxlnjmzxj~

e~~i~}i`k {i}f rerjx{lxa

}eai`k `l}j~ mzxi`k e fjexi`k

~zrrlx}i`k ~lojl`j mzxi`k }fj fjexi`k &ci`mi`k `jnj~~exy mlnzoj`}~' fjgri`k{i}f z`mjx~}e`mi`k j}n)

]fjy exj `l} eggl{jm }l fjgr {i}f clxo/ciggi`k lx kisj gjkeg emsinj.

E} }fj }ioj lc {xi}i`k }fi~ Kzimj' }fj~j zì}~ exj l gy eseigehgj i` ~loj lc }fj hikkjx ni}ij~&Gl`ml`' Oe`nfj~}jx' e`m Nexmicc) hz} i} i~ i`}j`mjm }l jv}j`m }fjix mi~}xihz}il` }l e~~i~}rjlrgj i` hl}f nlzx}~ e`m }xihzèg~. ]fj fjemuzex}jx~ lc }fj Rjx~lèg ^zrrlx} Zì} i~glne}jm e} }fj Xlyeg Nlzx}~ lc Dz~}inj e`m ne` hj nl`}en}jm l` 282 ;9=; ;;25,;;2>5lx sie }fj jùzixy mj~a. [jh~i}j4 {{{.}fjr~z.nl.za.

CZX]FJX I@CLXOE]IL@

Ceoigij~ @jjm Ce}fjx~ {{{.c`c.lxk.za ]jg 2>22 2>22 >3>' 3/52 r.o. {jjamey~&]fi~ {jh~i}j kisj~ z~jczg i`clxoe}il` l` ~jsjxeg e~rjn}~ lc ge{' oje`~ lc ~zrrlx} e`mxjnj`} mjsjglroj`}~).

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Clnz~i`k l` }fj fjexi`k i}~jgc' {j glla e} {ey~ lc kj}}i`k }fj hj~} lz}nloj cxlo e~i}ze}il` }fe} nl`}ei`~ i`è}j nfeggj`kj~ clx rjlrgj {i}f ^RGM~.

Mjegi`k {i}f ^}xj~~

L` }fj mey i}~jgc' ~}xj~~ {igg hj }fj hikkj~} rxlhgjo. E`y }jnfìuzj~ ylz fesj clxxjmzni`k ~}xj~~' ~znf e~ mjjr hxje}fi`k jvjxni~j lx si~zegi~e}il`' {igg hj fjgrczg.

Flrjczggy e mixjn}il`~ fjexi`k lx rxj/}xieg ojj}i`k fe~ ~lx}jm lz} i~~zj~ ~znf e~Xje~lèhgj Emdz~}oj`}~ e`m ylz fesj clxojm e kllm xjge}il`~fir {i}f ylzx ~lgini}lx'hexxi~}jx lx xjrxj~j`}e}isj.

I`jsi}ehgy }fjxj {igg hj e gl} lc {ei}i`k exlz`m ~l rge` clx }fi~. Ic ylz ~rj`m }fi~ }ioj

nxeooi`k ylzx `l}j~ ylz {igg ~iorgy nloj i`}l nlzx} egxjemy oj`}eggy jvfez~}jm. I} oikf}hj emsi~ehgj clx ylzx xjrxj~j`}e}isj }l jùzixj {fj}fjx }fj ne~j ne` hj gi~}jm ~l }fe}{ei}i`k }ioj i~ oiìoi~jm &l` }fj kxlz`m~ lc mi~ehigi}y).

^loj lc ylz {igg hj e}}j`mi`k nlzx} i` gj~~ clx}zè}j nixnzo~}e`nj~ {i}f `l rxlsi~il`~ i`rgenj e`m' ic ylz fesj xjrxj~j`}e}il`' ylzx xjrxj~j`}e}isj oey `l} fesj kxe~rjm }fjj~~j`}ieg~ lc ^RGM~. Ic }fi~ i~ ylzx ~i}ze}il`' ylz {igg fesj }l ~}e`m zr clx ylzx~jgc.

Nlri`k {i}f uzj~}ilì`k

E `zohjx lc rjlrgj {fl fesj nl`}en}jm ME@ME lsjx }fj yjex~ fesj ~eim }fe} }fjix ne~j}lla rgenj lsjx }fjix fjem1 gjesi`k }fjo {i}f sjxy gi}}gj imje lc {fe} }xe`~rixjm lx jsj`{fe} fem hjj` ekxjjm &j~rjnieggy i` nlorgjv nfigm nz~}lmy ne~j~). ]fjxj i~ e }jor}e}il`}l {e`} }l kj} i} egg lsjx {i}f e`m ~iorgy cegg i` {i}f }fj gi`j~ lc uzj~}ilì`k' ekxjji`k }l{fe}jsjx i~ rz} }l ylz. ]fj {ey uzj~}il`~ exj rl~jm oeaj~ }fi~ e` je~y }xer }l cegg i`}l.Hj{exj lc rfxe~j~ ~znf e~4

I rz} i} }l ylz }fe} ylz fem `l i`}j`}il` lc

I~ i} `l} }fj ne~j }fe} ylz fem egxjemy mjnimjm }l


32/53

Cgekki`k zr ylzx ^rjnicin Rxlnj~~i`k # Gjexì`k Miccjxj`nj

I} i~ emsi~ehgj }l }jgg }fj rxj~imi`k oeki~}xe}j' dzmkj lx nfeix lc }fj }xihzèg ehlz} ylzx`jjm~ e} }fj jexgij~} lrrlx}zì}y. Fjxj exj ~loj jveorgj~' {finf ylz ne` emer} }l ~zi}

ylzx nixnzo~}e`nj~4

I eo my~gjvin,my~rxevin' I {igg `jjm olxj }ioj }l4

}fià ehlz} oy xj~rl`~j

nl`~zg} oy `l}j~' ~i`nj oy ojolxy i~ rllx

{lxa lz} {fe} }fi~ uzj~}il` i~ kj}}i`k e}

Lx rjxfer~4I fesj E}}j`}il` Mjcini} Mi~lxmjx1 I gl~j clnz~ sjxy je~igy' ~l rgje~j ne` ylz xjner


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E{exj`j~~ lc }fj lz}nloj

E nlool` i~~zj i~ }fj ièhigi}y }l xj}ei` jven}gy {fe} fe~ hjj` j~}ehgi~fjm mzxi`k }fjfjexi`k. Fl{ ne` }fi~ hj~} hj xj~lgsjm< Lnne~ilèggy e`m ec}jx kxje} rjx~i~}j`nj'

gi}ike`}~ fesj hjj` eggl{jm }l hzy e }xe`~nxir} lc }fj rxlnjjmi`k~&e} e nl~} lc exlz`m 8:2).

I {lzgm ~zkkj~} }fe} e }xe`~nxir} i~ `l} sjxy fjgrczg4 }fj ~fjjx slgzoj lc i`clxoe}il` i~lsjx{fjgoi`k e`m rglzkfi`k }fxlzkf rekj~ lc nxl~~/uzj~}ilì`k }l glne}j `zkkj}~ lci`clxoe}il` i~ e sjxy mjoe`mi`k }e~a.

[fe} ylz `jjm exj `l}j~ nl`}eiì`k e ~zooexy lc }fj oei` i~~zj~ e`m }fj nl`ngz~il`~lc }fj nlzx}. Ylz ~flzgm e~a fl{ }fi~ ne` hj rxlsimjm. Ic e Rjx~lèg ^zrrlx} Zì} i~he~jm e} }fj nlzx} lx }xihzèg nj`}xj {fjxj ylzx fjexi`k }eaj~ rgenj' }fjy nlzgmz`mjx}eaj }fi~ xlgj.

]jgjrfl`j 282 ;9=; ;;25 }l nfjna {fjxj }fi~ ~jxsinj i~ nzxxj`}gy eseigehgj.&Rjx~lèg ^zrrlx} Zì}~ exj mj~nxihjm i` nfer}jx ;).

Ic `l}' }fjxj i~ e ~}xl`k exkzoj`} clx hji`k eggl{jm }l hxi`k i` e `l}j/}eajx. Lnne~ilèggy}fi~ fe~ hjj` eggl{jm e~ e Xje~lèhgj Emdz~}oj`} e`m reim clx hy gjkeg eim.

L`j rl~~ihgj }xe`~nxir}il` ~jxsinj i` Gl`ml` i~4 {{{.}eaj`l}j}yri`k.nlo

NLRI@K I@ NLZX] FJEXI@K^ 89
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]fj oei` clnz~ lc }fi~ ~jn}il` i~ Jorglyoj`} ]xihzèg~. ]fjxj i~ eg~l e ~jn}il` l`^lnieg ^jnzxi}y }xihzèg~ e} }fj j`m lc }fi~ nfer}jx.

Zr/}l/me}j i`clxoe}il` i~ eseigehgj l` }fj {jh~i}j4 {{{.}xihzèg~.kls.za

Xj~}xzn}zxi`k }fj ]xihzèg~ ~jxsinj

Clggl{i`k }fj ]xihzèg~' Nlzx}~ e`m J`clxnjoj`} En} &822;) }xihzèg~ fesj hjj`xj/ ~}xzn}zxjm i`}l Cix~}/}ijx ]xihzèg~ e`m Zrrjx ]xihzèg~ }fj ge}}jx rxioexigy clx fjexi`kerrjeg~ xjge}i`k }l mjni~il`~ lc }fj Cix~}/}ijx ]xihzèg~. E} }fj }ioj lc {xi}i`k' Jorglyoj`}]xihzèg~ e`m Jorglyoj`} Errjeg ]xihzèg~ fesj yj} }l hj i`nlxrlxe}jm i`}l }fi~xj/lxkeì~e}il`. Czx}fjx nfe`kj~ {igg lnnzx {fj` }fj Nlzx}~ e`m ]xihzèg~ ~jxsinj~ exjojxkjm z`mjx }fj Nlzx}~ e`m ]xihzèg~ I`}jkxe}il` Rxlkxeooj' jvrjn}jm Erxig 8255.

[lxargenj miccinzg}ij~

Jorglyjj~ {i}f ^RGM~ fesj errxlenfjm ME@ME ehlz} e xe`kj lc {lxargenj rxlhgjo~.^loj rjlrgj oey hj lrjxe}i`k i` mjoe`mi`k rxlcj~~ilèg xlgj~' nlorj`~e}i`k {jgg clxrjx~lèg exje~ lc miccinzg}y' hz} nloj z`~}zna {fj` xjuzixjm }l nfe`kj }fjix {lxai`krxen}inj~1 }fi~ ne` gjem }l }fj }fxje} lc mi~nirgièxy oje~zxj~ e`m ~}xj~~/xjge}jm igg`j~~.L}fjx~ cenj hzggyi`k,fexe~~oj`} i` }fj {lxargenj' e ceigzxj }l oeaj xje~lèhgjemdz~}oj`}~' lx mi~nxioiè}il` i` e~rjn}~ lc }fj dlh' ~znf e~ rxlol}il`. ^loj}ioj~ }fj~jmi~rz}j~ ne` j~nege}j i`}l e` Jorglyoj`} ]xihzèg fjexi`k lx }fj glmki`k lc e` errjeg e}}fj Jorglyoj`} Errjeg~ ]xihzèg.

Rgje~j `l}j4[j exj i`clxojm }fe} i} i~ xexj clx rjxoi~~il` }l hj kisj` }l glmkj e` errjeg e`m' {fjxj}fi~ i~ eggl{jm' }fj lz}nloj~ lc }fj lxikièg fjexi`k exj ~jgmlo xjsjx~jm.

Kxijse`nj~ e`m mi~nirgièxy rxlnjmzxj~

Jorglyoj`} mi~rz}j~ hxjea ml{` i`}l }{l exje~4

kxijse`nj~ &{fj` }fj jorglyjj oeaj~ e nlorgei`})

mi~nirgièxy rxlnjmzxj~ &{fj` }fj jorglyjx i~ z`ferry ehlz} ~loj e~rjn} lcylzx {lxa).

I` hl}f ne~j~ i} i~ hj~} ic e`y nl`njx`~ exj ~lx}jm lz} e} }fj jexgij~} rl~~ihgj ~}ekj'hjclxj }fj ~i}ze}il` mjsjglr~ i`}l clxoeg rxlnjjmi`k~. E` Jorglyoj`} ]xihzèg {igg gllae} {fj}fjx ylz e`m ylzx jorglyjx fesj }xijm }l xj~lgsj ylzx rxlhgjo hjclxj ylz oemjylzx ngeio.

]fi~ i~ i` gi`j {i}f }fj Nlmj lc Rxen}inj l` mi~nirgièxy e`m kxijse`nj

rxlnjmzxj~' mxe{` zr hy Ene~' }fj Emsi~lxy' Nl`nigie}il` e`m Exhi}xe}il` ^jxsinj.

]FJ ]XIHZ@EG RXLNJ^^ >2

9 ]FJ ]XIHZ@EG RXLNJ^^
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Kxijse`nj~ e`m mi~nirgièxy rxlnjmzxj~ / nl`}.

]fj mixjn}.kls {jh~i}j nl`}ei`~ fjgrczg i`clxoe}il` l` }fj~j oe}}jx~'

i` rex}inzgex4{{{.mixjn}.kls.za,j`,Jorglyoj`},Xj~lgsi`k[lxargenjMi~rz}j~,MK\5228;995

Z~jczg ~jn}il`~ i`ngzmj Fl{ }l xj~lgsj e rxlhgjo e} {lxae`m ^j}}gi`k lx{i}fmxe{i`k ylzx ngeio hjclxj e` Jorglyoj`} ]xihzèg fjexi`k.

Ene~ i~ e`l}fjx kllm ~lzxnj lc i`clxoe}il`' e`m i} lccjx~ cxjj' nl`cimj`}ieg e`m iorex}iegi`clxoe}il` l` egg jorglyoj`} xikf}~ i~~zj~. Ic' mj~ri}j fesi`k oemj xje~lèhgj jcclx}~ }lxj~lgsj }fj rxlhgjo' ylz cjjg ylz exj giajgy }l oeaj e ngeio' ylz lx ylzx jorglyjx neè~a clx e` Ene~ nl`nigie}lx }l ~rjea }l ylz hl}f e`m }xy }l fjgr ylz xjenf e` ekxjjoj`}.

]fi~ rxlnj~~'xjcjxxjm }l e~ nl`nigie}il`' }eaj~ }fj clxo lc mi~nz~~il`~ {i}f hl}f ~imj~'ji}fjx ~jrexe}jgy lx }lkj}fjx' {i}f e` iorex}ieg lz}~imjx. I} i~ slgz`}exy.

Ene~ {igg hj ez}loe}ineggy i`slgsjm ge}jx i` }fj rxlnj~~ {fj` e ngeio i~ ~j`} }l e`Jorglyoj`} ]xihzèg. ]fj oedlxi}y lc ne~j~ exj ~j}}gjm hjclxj xjenfi`k }fj }xihzèg1 i} i~`l} z`nlool` clx ngeioe`}~ }l hj lccjxjm e ne~f ~j}}gjoj`} i` jvnfe`kj clx mxlrri`k}fjix ne~j / fjexi`k~ exj nl~}gy clx jorglyjx~. Lc }fl~j ne~j~ }fe} rxlnjjm }l }fj }xihzèg~}ekj' }fj jorglyjx i~ olxj giajgy }l rxjseig.

E} }fj }ioj lc {xi}i`k }fjxj i~ e se~} henaglk lc ne~j~ gjemi`k }l gl`k mjgey~1 }fi~ ne` hjsjxy ~}xj~~czg clx }fj jorglyjj {i}f ^RGM~. I} fe~ hjj` xjnlooj`mjm }fe} }xihzègdzmkj~ ~flzgm oeaj kxje}jx z~j lc rxj/fjexi`k xjsij{~ i` lxmjx }l j`nlzxekj hl}f ~imj~}l ~j}}gj e`m }l imj`}icy ne~j~ }fe} gena ojxi}.

Oeai`k e ngeio }l e` Jorglyoj`} ]xihzèg

Imjeggy mi~rz}j~ ~flzgm hj xj~lgsjm gl`k hjclxj }fjy xjenf }fj }xihzèg ~}ekj' ~i`nj efjexi`k i~ hlz`m }l hj ~}xj~~czg e`m }fj rxjrexe}il` i~ sjxy }ioj/nl`~zoi`k.

Hjclxj oeai`k e ngeio' i} i~ hj~} }l ~jja ~rjniegi~} emsinj ehlz} }fj }xihzèg rxlnj~~ e`m}fj ~lx} lc jsimj`nj ylz {lzgm `jjm }l rxj~j`} i` ~zrrlx} lc ylzx ngeio. Ylz ~flzgm eg~l

glla e} }fj {jh~i}j~ oj`}il`jm i` }fi~ nfer}jx.

I` lxmjx }l oeaj e ngeio' ylz nzxxj`}gy `jjm }l nlorgj}j clxo J]5. ]fj Ni}itj`~ EmsinjHzxjez i~ e rl~~ihgj ~lzxnj lc fjgr {i}f }fi~. Rfl`j ylzx glneg hxe`nf lx glla e} }fjix{jh~i}j4 {{{.emsinjkzimj.lxk.za,

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Jorglyjx~ rxl}jn}il` ekei`~} mi~nxioiè}il` ne~j~

^loj gjkeg cixo~ ~rjniegi~j i` emsi~i`k jorglyjx~ fl{ }l eslim hji`k }eaj` }l e ]xihzèghy }fjix jorglyjj~. ]fjix rxioexy }en}in i~ }l lhgikj `j{ jorglyjj~ }l ~ik` e nl`}xen}

{finf nl`}ei`~ e clxo lc {lxm~ }fe} {igg oeaj i} sjxy miccinzg} }l hxi`k e ne~j. I} i~ {jgg }lglla nexjczggy e} e`y}fi`k ylz ~ik` {fj` ~}ex}i`k e `j{ dlh ~l ylz exj `l} nezkf}zè{exj~1 giaj{i~j' ic ylz exj i`clxojm }fe} ylzx {lxai`k nl`mi}il`~ fesj nfe`kjm' kl}fxlzkf }fj ~oegg rxi`} i` e`y}fi`k ylz exj e~ajm }l ~ik`. E~a ~lojl`j }l fjgr ylz ic ylz`jjm ~zrrlx} {i}f }fi~' ~znf e~ }fj Ni}itj`~ Emsinj Hzxjez. Ic ylz exj i` jorglyoj`}'Fzoe` Xj~lzxnj~ oey hj ehgj }l e~~i~} ylz hy ngexicyi`k }fj ~i}ze}il`.

Mi~nirgièxy rxlnjjmi`k~

Ic e nlorgei`} i~ oemj ekei`~} ylz }fj clxoeg rxlnj~~ i~ e~ clggl{~4

e gj}}jx' geyi`k lz} }fj nlorgei`} e ojj}i`k' }l {finf ylz exj eggl{jm }l hxi`k e nloreìl` }fi~ nlzgm hj e {lxa

nlggjekzj lx }xemj zìl` lccinieg.

Lc nlzx~j' fesi`k e` ^RGM i~ `l} e mjcj`nj ic ylz fesj ceigjm }l czgcig }fj xjuzixjoj`}~ lcylzx dlh. Hz} ic }fj jorglyjx fe~ ceigjm }l oeaj xje~lèhgj emdz~}oj`}~' mj~ri}j hji`ki`clxojm lc mi~ehigi}y/xjge}jm miccinzg}ij~' }fj` ylz oey fesj e ne~j.

E}}j`mi`k e` Jorglyoj`} ]xihzèg

Oe`y lc }fj i~~zj~ xei~jm i` }fj rxjsilz~ nfer}jx errgy fjxj' ~znf e~ }fj iorlx}e`nj lc~zrrlx} e`m xjrxj~j`}e}il`' oiìoi~i`k ~}xj~~ e`m cgekki`k zr ylzx ^RGM. Fl{jsjx{fjxje~ }fj nlzx} rxlnj~~ i~ emsjx~exieg {i}f e sjxy fjesy xjgie`nj l` jccinij`} ge`kzekjrxlnj~~i`k ~aigg~' }fj ]xihzèg rxlnj~~ &i` }fjlxy e} gje~}) i~ mj~ik`jm }l hj iùzi~i}lxiege`m ~lx} lz} kxijse`nj~ i` e gj~~ nl`cxl`}e}ilèg {ey. Ic }fj jorglyjx fe~ e` iorxj~~isjgjkeg }jeo }fj {flgj rxlnj~~ ne` ~jjo sjxy i`}ioime}i`k' hz} }fj }xihzèg Nfeix ~flzgm}eaj }fi~ iohege`nj i`}l ennlz`}.

I} ~flzgm hj gj~~ rxlhgjoe}in }l exxe`kj Xje~lèhgj Emdz~}oj`}~ ~znf e~ xjuzj~}~ clxhxjea~' clx ~i`kgj &`l} nlorlz`m) uzj~}il`~' clx }ioj }l }fià ehlz} lxeg xj~rl`~j~' clx

}fj lrrlx}zì}y }l ~}zmy e`y `j{ mlnzoj`}e}il` uzij}gy e`m {i}flz} rxj~~zxj' e`m clxfjgr i` glne}i`k i`clxoe}il` xjcjxxjm }l mzxi`k }fj ~j~~il`.

^lnieg jnzxi}y ]xihzèg~

[i}fmxe{eg lc hj`jci}~ oey gjem }l e fjexi`k e} }fj ^lnieg ^jnzxi}y e`m Nfigm ^zrrlx}]xihzèg. Kzime`nj ~flzgm hj eseigehgj cxlo }fj errxlrxie}j mi~ehigi}y kxlzr&~znf e~ Oj`ner clx oj`}eg igg`j~~).


]fj ~zrrlx} lc ylzx KR i~ si}eg {fj` nlorgj}i`k }fj mlnzoj`}e}il` hz} }fjy exj `l} giajgy}l hj sjxy a`l{gjmkjehgj ehlz} ^RGM~.

MIEG ZA &~jj czx}fjx i`clxoe}il` l` rekj >>) i~ sjxy fjgrczg.


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CZX]FJX I@CLXOE]IL@4

Lccinieg kzime`nj {{{.mixjn}.kls.za,j`,Jorglyoj`}

Ene~]jg4 26=:; =; =; =; {{{.ene~.lxk.za

Hxi}i~f My~gjvie E~~lnie}il`]jg 426=: 8:5 922> {{{.hmemy~gjvie.lxk.za

XEMEX]jg4 282 ;8:2 >885 Joeig xemexBxemex.lxk.za {{{.xemex.lxk.za

Jorglyjx~ Clxzo l` Mi~ehigi}y]jg4 282 ;=2> >282 Joeig mi~ehigi}ymixjn}il`~Bjcm.lxk.za {{{.jcm.lxk.za

Oeai`k e` errjeg{{{.errjeg~/~jxsinj.kls.za ^JJ Fl{ }l Errjeg4 e ~}jr hy ~}jr kzimj.I clz`m i} {e~ fjgrczg }l ~}ex} lcc {i}f }fj Je~y Xjemsjx~il` }l kj} e uzina lsjxsij{ lcfl{ }fj ~y~}jo lrjxe}j~ hjclxj kli`k i`}l mj}eig.

MIEG ZA &}fj Mi~ehigi}y I`clxoe}il` e`m Emsinj Gi`j) {finf mj~nxihj~ i}~jgc e~ e è}ilèglxkeì~e}il` clx e `j}{lxa lc errxlvioe}jgy 582 glneg mi~ehigi}y i`clxoe}il` e`memsinj

~jxsinj~ xz` hy e`m clx mi~ehgjm rjlrgj.]fj {jh~i}j già~ }l }fj `jexj~} xjkilèg nj`}xj.

]jg4 25>28 >5258> Joeig miegzaB~nlrj.lxk.za {{{.miegza.i`cl

]FJ ]XIHZ@EG RXLNJ^^ >>
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38/53

]fi~ }jxo nlsjx~ Eg}jxè}isj Mi~rz}j Xj~lgz}il` &EMX)' ojmie}il` i` }fj ~oeggngeio~ }xena i` }fj Nlz`}y Nlzx}' Xj~}lxe}isj Dz~}inj iì}ie}isj~ e`m nl`nigie}ilì` jorglyoj`} mi~rz}j~. I} i~ rex}inzgexgy errxlrxie}j clx ~j}}gi`k mi~rz}j~ xjge}i`k

}l nfigmxj`.

]fjxj i~ e xe`kj lc {ey~ i` {finf e mi~rz}j lx miccinzg}y hj}{jj` i`misimzeg~ lx rex}ij~ne` hj xj~lgsjm. ]fj~j i`ngzmj `jkl}ie}il`1 ojmie}il`' nl`cjxj`ni`k lx xj~}lxe}isjdz~}inj1 exhi}xe}il`1 gi}ike}il`. ]fjy exj l` e ~gimi`k ~negj cxlo `jkl}ie}il` &ol~} mj~ixehgj)}l gi}ike}il` &ol~} z`mj~ixehgj).

]fj oei` miccjxj`nj~ hj}{jj` }fj~j errxlenfj~ ne` hj ~zooexi~jm e~ clggl{~4

@jkl}ie}il`4 }fj }{l rex}ij~ }ega }l jenf l}fjx mixjn}gy e`m {lxa lz} e{ey clx{exm.

Ojmie}il`' Nl`cjxj`ni`k' Xj~}lxe}isj Dz~}inj4 e` j`nlz`}jx cenigi}e}jm hy e&`jz}xeg) }fixm rex}y. ]fj rex}ij~ }fjo~jgsj~ xjenf e mjni~il`.

Exhi}xe}il`4 i` exhi}xe}il` }fj }fixm rex}y exxisj~ e} e mjni~il` {finf i~ hi`mi`k zrl`}fj rex}inire`}~.

Gi}ike}il`4 fjxj }fj rex}ij~ exj &z~zeggy) xjrxj~j`}jm hy ge{yjx~' e`m e dzmkj lxoeki~}xe}j oeaj~ }fj mjni~il`.

Nl`nigie}il` e`m Exhi}xe}il` ne` lnnzx i` }fj xjego lc jorglyoj`} e`m exj lc}j` cenigi}e}jmhy }fj Exhi}xe}il` e`m Nl`nigie}il` ^jxsinj &Ene~).

Eg}jxè}isj Mi~rz}j Xj~lgz}il`]fj }jxo Eg}jxè}isj Mi~rz}j Xj~lgz}il` lx EMX xjcjx~ }l rxlnjmzxj~ }l xj~lgsj e mi~rz}j{i}flz} kli`k }l }xieg. E dzmkj oey j`nlzxekj }fi~ mzxi`k }xieg oeèkjoj`}' {i}f rl~~ihgjnl~}~ ~e`n}il`~ ekei`~} e rex}y {fl xjcz~j~ }l rex}inire}j.

EMX i~ e kllm {ey lc xj~lgsi`k nloojxnieg mi~rz}j~' e`m ~flzgm hj nl`~imjxjm i` }fi~~j}}i`k' xe}fjx }fe` }fj cex olxj nl~}gy e`m nlorgine}jm nlzx} ne~j.

]fj Nlz`}y Nlzx}~ rxlsimj e ojmie}il` ~jxsinj {finf }fj rex}ij~ exj j`nlzxekjm }l z~jhjclxj rxlnjjmi`k }l e ~oegg ngeio~ fjexi`k.

Xj~}lxe}isj Dz~}inj

]fj Xj~}lxe}isj Dz~}inj Nl`~lx}izo jvrgei`~ }fj rxlnj~~ lc Xj~}lxe}isj Dz~}inje~ clggl{~4 Xj~}lxe}isj Dz~}inj ~jja~ }l hege`nj }fj nl`njx`~ lc }fj sin}io e`m }fjnloozì}y {i}f }fj `jjm }l xji`}jkxe}j }fj lccj`mjx i`}l ~lnij}y. I} ~jja~ }l e~~i~} }fjxjnlsjxy lc }fj sin}io e`m jèhgj egg rex}ij~ {i}f e ~}eaj i` }fj dz~}inj rxlnj~~ }lrex}inire}j cxzi}czggy i` i}.

Cxlo e` lccj`mjx~ rjx~rjn}isj' }eai`k xj~rl`~ihigi}y clx l`j~ en}il`~ i~ iorlx}e`}.Cxlo }fj sin}io~ rli`} lc sij{' Xj~}lxe}isj Dz~}injrxlsimj~ }fj lrrlx}zì}y }l fesj

}fj fexo ml`j }l }fjo ena`l{gjmkjm. ^loj rjlrgj l` }fj ez}i~}in ~rjn}xzo {igg hjzèhgj }l ~fl{ jore}fy e`m ci`m rex}inire}il` i` &z`/emer}jm) xj~}lxe}isj dz~}injrxlnj~~j~ iorl~~ihgj.

OJMIE]IL@ >=

52 OJMIE]IL@


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Xj~}lxe}isj Dz~}inj / nl`}.

]fj xj~}lxe}isj dz~}inj errxlenf fe~ hjj` z~jm hy Ylz`k Lccj`mjx~ ]jeo~ &YL]~)~i`nj }fj 5992~ hz} i} fe~ hjj` ~gl{ }l }xe`~cjx }l emzg} nl`}jv}~' {i}f }fj jvnjr}il` lc

@lx}fjx` Ixjge`m. ]fj Rlginj ~loj}ioj~ z~j e rxlnj~~ neggjm Xj~}lxe}isj Nl`cjxj`ni`k'{finf emfjxj~ }l e ~nxir} e`m i~ }fjxjclxj gj~~ cgjvihgj.

]fj Nl`~jxse}isj GihMjo nlegi}il` klsjxòj`} fesj oemj ~jsjxeg ~}e}joj`}~ i` ceslzxlc Xj~}lxe}isj Dz~}inj' ena`l{gjmki`k }fe} lz}nloj~ exj kj`jxeggy oznf olxj~e}i~cen}lxy clx egg nl`njx`jm e`m }fe} i} xjmznj~ xj/lccj`mi`k. I} i~ }fjxjclxj }l hj flrjm}fe} }fi~ rl~~ihigi}y {igg hj olxj {imj~rxjem i` cz}zxj.

Ceoigy Dz~}inj lr}il`~

E} }fj }ioj lc {xi}i`k' }fj nlegi}il` klsjxòj`} i~ z`mjx}eai`k e xjsij{ lc }fj Ceoigy

Dz~}inj ~y~}jo. I} i~ ngjexgy mj~ixehgj }fe} mi~rz}j~ xjkexmi`k nfigmxj` ~flzgm `l} hjhe}}gjm lz} i` e` emsjx~exieg ~j}}i`k' i` {finf }fj rexj`}~ hjnloj i`nxje~i`kgy fl~}igj' }l}fj mj}xioj`} lc egg nl`njx`jm j~rjnieggy }fj nfigmxj`.

E kxje}jx xlgj i~ clxj~jj` clx }fj @e}ilèg Ceoigy Ojmie}il` @j}{lxa {finf {lxa~ {i}frexj`}~ }l jèhgj }fjo }l nloj }l mjni~il`~ ehlz} }fjix nfigmxj`' rxlrjx}y e`m l}fjxexje~ lc mi~ekxjjoj`}. Ekxjjoj`}~ xjenfjm }fxlzkf }fj ekj`ny lc }fj @e}ilèg CeoigyOjmie}il` @j}{lxa exj `l} gjkeggy j`clxnjehgj z`gj~~ }fjy exj ~zh~juzj`}gy xjki~}jxjm i`}fj nlzx}~. Fl{jsjx jvrjxij`nj fe~ ~fl{` }fe} }fj oedlxi}y lc mjni~il`~ xjenfjm i` }fi~{ey ~}ina' hjnez~j }fj rexj`}~ fesj `l} fem mjni~il`~ iorl~jm zrl` }fjo hz} fesjexxisjm e} }fjo }fjo~jgsj~.

E`l}fjx lr}il` i~ Nlggehlxe}isj Ge{ &}xe`~cjxxjm }l }fi~ nlz`}xy i` 822> cxlo }fj ZÊe`m Neème). ]fj rex}ij~ oeaj e` ekxjjoj`} `l} }l kl }l nlzx}' e`m' z~i`k gjkegxjrxj~j`}e}isj~' {lxa }l ~lx} lz} }fj nl`}j`}ilz~ i~~zj&~). E cièg mlnzoj`} i~ mxec}jm e}}fj j`m lc }fj rxlnj~~' geyi`k lz} {fe} fe~ hjj` ekxjjm. Nlggehlxe}isj Ge{ i~ `l} nfjer~i`nj }{l ~lgini}lx~ exj nfexki`k clx }fjix }ioj. Ic }fi~ errxlenf ceig~' hl}f ~imj~ oz~} ci`mmiccjxj`} gjkeg xjrxj~j`}e}isj~ }l xj~}ex} }fj rxlnj~~ i` nlzx}.

[fe} ehlz} ^RGM~:
http://www.lawsociety.org.uk/areasoflawhttp://www.lawsociety.org.uk/areasoflawhttp://www.restorativejustice.org.uk/http://www.restorativejustice.org.uk/http://www.resolution.org.uk/http://www.resolution.org.uk/http://www.nfm.org.uk/http://www.nfm.org.uk/http://www.nfm.org.uk/http://www.resolution.org.uk/http://www.restorativejustice.org.uk/http://www.lawsociety.org.uk/areasoflaw


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Rexlgj lrjxe}j~ i` miccjxj`} {ey~ mjrj`mi`k l` }fj }yrj lc ~j`}j`nj. ]fi~ ~jn}il`lccjx~ emsinj l` nlri`k i` Lxeg Fjexi`k~ e`m l` ~zhoi}}i`k z~jczg mlnzoj`}e}il`.

]fj }yrj lc rxi~l` ~j`}j`nj {igg eccjn} }fj {ey i` {finf rexlgj lrjxe}j~ &i`ngzmi`k{fj}fjx i} i~ errginehgj e} egg)1 }fi~ i~ e nlorgine}jm exje {i}f miccjxj`} xjkzge}il`~errgyi`k }l miccjxj`} ~i}ze}il`~. Rxi~l`jx~ ~flzgm hj i`clxojm {fj` }fjix rexlgj jgikihigi}yme}j &RJM) i~ mzj e`m {igg hj emsi~jm }l errgy clx rexlgj {i}fi` }fj }ioj~negj geim ml{`.

]fj Rexlgj Hlexm ojj}~ ji}fjx}l mj}jxoi`j e rxi~l`jx~ gjsjg lc xi~a l` }fj he~i~ lcmlnzoj`}e}il` egl`j &e Rerjx Fjexi`k)' lx}l nl`~imjx }fj ml~~ijx egl`k~imj }fjlrrlx}zì}y }l e~a uzj~}il`~ &e` Lxeg Fjexi`k). E Rexlgj Hlexm re`jg {igg kj`jxeggynl`~i~} lc }fxjj rjlrgj4 e dzmkj' e r~ynflglki~} lx r~ynfie}xi~} e`m e gey ojohjx.

]fjy {igg nexjczggy kl }fxlzkf }fj ml~~ijx l` }fj ne~j. I` Lxeg Fjexi`k~ }fj rxi~l`jx~flzgm hj xjrxj~j`}jm' {i}`j~~j~ oey hj neggjm e`m e sin}io ~}e}joj`} oey hj xjem lz}lx rxj~j`}jm sie simjl già. Re`jg~ z~zeggy ge~} fegc e mey hz} }fi~ oey hj jv}j`mjm }l eczgg mey clx nlorgjv ne~j~.

]fj oei` }fi`k }fe} }fj Rexlgj Hlexm `jjm~ }l e~njx}ei` i~ {fj}fjx e rxi~l`jx fe~nfe`kjm i` e rl~i}isj {ey' }fz~ gj~~jì`k }fj xi~a lc xj/lccj`mi`k. Fl{ ne` }fi~ nfe`kje`m iorxlsjoj`} hj jsimj`njm3

55 REXLGJ HLEXM FJEXI@K^


41/53

Nl`}.

Ic e rxi~l`jx {e`}~ }l oeaj e ~}e}joj`} e} }fj hjki`ì`k lc }fj fjexi`k' i} i~ iorlx}e`} }l~j} lz} }fj xje~l`~ i` e gj}}jx }l }fj Hlexm' `l} }l jvrjn} }l hj ehgj }l nfe`kj }fj

jvrjn}jm rxlnjmzxj l` }fj mey.

Mzxi`k }fj rxlnj~~' i} i~ z~zeg clx rxi~l`jx~ }l oeaj }fjix xjoexa~ e`m xj~rl`~j~ sie }fjixxjrxj~j`}e}isj' nl`~zg}i`k {i}f }fjo e~ lc}j` e~ i~ `jnj~~exy. I} i~ eg~l rl~~ihgj }lxjuzj~} hxjea~ e~ `jnj~~exy. Rjlrgj {i}f ^RGM^ exj emsi~jm }l eseig }fjo~jgsj~ lc}fi~ rxlsi~il`.

]fj oei` rli`} }l oeaj ehlz} Lxeg Fjexi`k~ i~ }fe} }fjy exj iùzi~i}lxieg xe}fjx }feèmsjx~exieg i.j. }fj ~i}ze}il` i~ jveoi`jm hy uzj~}ilì`k xe}fjx }fe` }fj nge~f lclrrl~i`k rli`}~ lc sij{' e~ i` e nlzx} fjexi`k.

I` rxjrexe}il` clx e rexlgj fjexi`k &Rerjx lx Lxeg)' i} i~ j~~j`}ieg }l fesj fjgr kli`k}fxlzkf }fj ml~~ijx e`m rxjrexi`k ylzx ~zhoi~~il`' ic ylz cjjg }fe} ylzx ^RGM~ exjmi~ehgi`k lx fe`minerri`k ylz i` }fi~ }e~a. ]fi~ e~~i~}e`nj ~flzgm hj rxlsimjm hyylzx ~lgini}lx.

CZX]FJX I@CLXOE]IL@

]fj Rexlgj Hlexm]jg4 26=: 8:5 8882 {{{.rexlgjhlexm.kls.za

]fi~ {jh~i}j fe~ z~jczg già~ }l ~jn}il`~ l` miccjxj`} }yrj~ lc ~j`}j`nj e`m rxlnjmzxj~.

REXLGJ HLEXM FJEXI@K^ >;
http://www.paroleboard.gov.uk/http://www.paroleboard.gov.uk/http://www.paroleboard.gov.uk/


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Rjlrgj {i}f ^RGM~ exj giajgy }l cenj ~loj miccinzg}y i` z`mjx}eai`k dzxy ~jxsinj'mzj }l i`clxoe}il` rxlnj~~i`k mjoe`m~. Mlj~ }fi~ oje` }fe} ylz ~flzgm e}}jor}}l kj} lz} lc }fi~ nisig mz}y lx ne` ylz oe`ekj }l czgcig ylzx lhgike}il`~ mj~ri}j }fj

mi~emse`}ekj lc ^rjnicin Rxlnj~~i`k # Gjex`i`k Miccjxj`nj,~6

58 DZXY ^JXSINJ


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XJCJXJ@NJ ^JN]IL@

]fi~ ~jn}il` {igg hj zrme}jm e~ `jnj~~exy' i` }fj RMC sjx~il` lc }fj Kzimj e`m l` }fj{jh~i}j~4 {{{.me`me.lxk.za {{{.my~gjvie/oegsjx`.nl.za{{{.{lxai`k{i}fmy~gjvie.nlo

E xjuzj~} }l xjemjx~ lc }fi~ KzimjRgje~j joeig i`clxoe}il` ehlz} czx}fjx xj~lzxnj~ e`m nl`}en} mj}eig~ lc z~jczglxkeì~e}il`~ }l odBmy~gjvie/oegsjx`.nl.za. ]fi~ {igg jèhgj }fj xjcjxj`nj ~jn}il` }l hje~ fjgrczg e`m zr/}l/me}j e~ rl~~ihgj.

Z`mjx }fj }jxo~ lc }fj Juzegi}y En}' xje~lèhgj emdz~}oj`}~ ne` hj xjuzj~}jm ic ylzxmiccinzg}ij~ eolz`} }l e mi~ehigi}y.

]fj mlnzoj`} Xje~lèhgj Emdz~}oj`}~,Ennloolme}il`~ i` Nlzx}~ # ]xihzèg~ ne`hj z~jm &e~ i} ~}e`m~) i` lxmjx }l i`clxo ge{yjx~ ehlz} errxlrxie}j xje~lèhgjemdz~}oj`}~ e`m olxj kj`jxeg ennloolme}il`~ clx nlzx}/z~jx~ {i}f ^RGM~.

Eg}jxè}isjgy' ylz nlzgm z~j i} e~ e he~i~ clx nl`~imjxe}il` lc ylzx i`misimzeg `jjm~ e`m

fl{ }fjy nlzgm hj~} hj ennloolme}jm i` e fjexi`k. I} i~ hj~} }l kl }fxlzkf i} {i}f efjgrjx lx emslne}j' fikfgikf}i`k {fe} errgij~ }l ylz. ]fi~ rjx~lègi~jm mlnzoj`} ne`}fj` hj z~jm }l clxozge}j ylzx xjuzj~} e`m,lx i`clxo e`yl`j {fl z`mjx}eaj~ eè~~j~~oj`} lc ylzx ^RGM~.

]fj }jxo ^rjnicin Gjexì`k Miccinzg}ij~ fe~ hjj` z~jm }fxlzkflz}' hjnez~j i} i~ }fj olxjz~zeg }jxo e`m hjnez~j i} i~ nl`~i~}j`} {i}f }fj ge`kzekj z~jm i` lccinieg kzime`nj' ~znfe~ }fj dzminieg Juzeg ]xje}oj`} Hj`nfHlla.

]l ml{`glem e sjx~il` lc }fi~ mlnzoj`}' clggl{ }fj già4{{{.my~gjvie/oegsjx`.nl.za,mln~,dz~}inj,^rGM\Fjexi`k~.mln

@j{ }jxo~ exj nxlrri`k zr egg }fj }ioj. ]fi~ rekj {igg hj zrme}jm e~ `jnj

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