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Netra™ 440 Server Architecture

A Technical White Paper September 2004


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Table of ContentsIntroduction......................................................................................................................................................5Target Audience................................................................................................................................................5

Network Equipment Providers (NEPs)..............................................................................................................6Wireless Operators........................................................................................................................................6Wireline Service Providers..............................................................................................................................6Cable/Broadband .........................................................................................................................................7Service Providers (SPs)...................................................................................................................................7

Netra 440 Server...............................................................................................................................................7Key Features.................................................................................................................................................8Expandability and Management Interfaces....................................................................................................10

Target Applications for the Netra 440 Server......................................................................................................10

Netra 440 Server Architecture...........................................................................................................................11Motherboard & CPU Modules...........................................................................................................................11UltraSPARC IIIi Processor..................................................................................................................................13Memory Subsystem.........................................................................................................................................14

Memory Controller......................................................................................................................................14J-Bus Interconnect and JIO Hostbridge ASICs......................................................................................................14

South Bridge ASIC........................................................................................................................................15Bell ASIC.....................................................................................................................................................15SouthBridge................................................................................................................................................15X-Bus..........................................................................................................................................................15

SCSI Disk Subsystem........................................................................................................................................15SCSI Controller............................................................................................................................................15SCSI Backplane and Termination...................................................................................................................16

System Configuration Card...............................................................................................................................16System Control Rotary Switch...........................................................................................................................16Networking and I/O Expansion.........................................................................................................................18

Ethernet ports.............................................................................................................................................18Serial ports- ALOM (RJ-45) & Asynchronous (DB-9)...........................................................................................18USB ports....................................................................................................................................................19UltraSCSI port.............................................................................................................................................19PCI card slots..............................................................................................................................................19

Power supplies................................................................................................................................................19DVD-ROM/DVD-RW Drive...............................................................................................................................20

Diagnostics.....................................................................................................................................................20Power-On Self-Test.......................................................................................................................................20SunVTS........................................................................................................................................................21Front Panel Indicators..................................................................................................................................21

Rack-Mount Enclosure and Power.....................................................................................................................21Environmental and Safety Specifications...........................................................................................................22

Software for Deploying Highly-Available Services................................................................................................23Solaris Operating System.................................................................................................................................23

Solaris JumpStart™ Software.........................................................................................................................24Solaris Flash Software..................................................................................................................................24Solaris Live Upgrade Software......................................................................................................................24

Remote Management Software........................................................................................................................24Advanced Lights Out Manager (ALOM)..............................................................................................................25Solaris Resource Manager Software..................................................................................................................25

Solaris Bandwidth Manager Software...........................................................................................................26Storage Management Tools.............................................................................................................................26


Web Services Software.....................................................................................................................................27

Service Solutions to Improve Telco Operations...................................................................................................28Professional Services........................................................................................................................................28Workforce Development Solutions....................................................................................................................29Proactive System Management........................................................................................................................29Sun Remote ServicesSM Event Monitoring Program...........................................................................................29SunToneSM Certification and Branding Program................................................................................................29

Conclusions.....................................................................................................................................................31

References......................................................................................................................................................32


Chapter 1

Introduction

Over the past few years, deregulation and privatization have created intense competition in the worldwidetelecommunications market. The marketplace has continued to evolve as voice and data solutions become moreintegrated and next-generation wireless, video, and messaging technologies emerge. The growing demand forscalable and available services, coupled with modern economic realities, is re-shaping the design of thetelecommunications infrastructure. Now more than ever, availability of key services—with stringent service-levelagreements increasingly common—dictates success or failure. At the same time, today’s challenging economicclimate means that successful organizations must continue to consider total cost of ownership (TCO).

Sun™ understands that Telecom companies have critical performance, reliability, stability, security, scalability,and manageability requirements. To meet these needs, Sun offers the Netra™ 440 server. NEBS Level 3-certified (DC version) and ETSI-compliant, Netra 440 servers are designed to be affordable, yet retain high-performance functionality. Netra 440 servers run the proven Solaris™ Operating System and are compatiblewith the rest of Sun’s high-performance UltraSPARC® server family—providing the performance, scalability, andexpandability necessary to help organizations respond to rapidly changing requirements. With quad-processorsupport in a compact, rackmount enclosure, the Netra 440 server also addresses increasing demands for increasednetwork bandwidth, more secure network transactions, and easier manageability.

Ultimately, high availability is the key consideration for many Telecom companies. The Netra 440 serverincorporates a comprehensive approach that considers people, processes, and technology. This white paperdescribes the Netra 440 server’s system architecture, along with key software components for enabling highavailability through remote management and resource management, and key services that further enhanceTelecom application availability.

Target Audience

The Sun Netra product line, which includes the Netra 440 server, is ideal for a wide range of applications and usersin the telecommunications industry as shown in Figure 1-1 on the following page. In addition to thetelecommunications industry, Netra 440 servers (both AC and DC versions) are ideal for industries includingdefense/military, manufacturing, utilities, financial services, and service providers.


Figure 1-1: The Netra 440 server is ideal for a wide range of applications and users.

Network Equipment Providers (NEPs)

NEPs look for simple, reliable, rack-efficient systems based on open standards that allow them to take advantageof Java technology, which eases new application development. Rugged NEBS Level 3-certified Netra products (DCversions) offer features that make them ideal for use in rack-intensive deployments in less-than-ideal environments.With consistent, small-footprints, Netra servers allow for easy deployment in industry-standard racks.

Wireless Operators

Communication Service Providers (CSPs) are converting their cellular infrastructures from analog to digital indeveloped areas, and are beginning to build digital cellular infrastructures to reach remote, developing areas.Third-generation wireless services offer enhancements to current applications, including greater data speeds,increased capacity for voice and data and the advent of packet data networks. Vast markets for data and voiceservices continue to open in Europe and the United States, while Eastern Europe, Latin America, China, and Indiaoffer completely new opportunities. Sun offers CSPs the tools they need to succeed in the competitive wirelessmarketplace. Sun plays a leading role in open computing and open networks, the basic requirements for entranceinto global seamless wireless connectivity.

Wireline Service Providers

CSPs are also expanding their offerings to include long distance, DSL, data services, and e-business and Internetservices. Sun and iForce™ partners are pioneering products, technologies, and services that take advantage of theconvergence of voice and data to increase functionality, improve efficiency, and lower costs. For example,Enhanced Business Services (EBS) works in conjunction with telephony systems to deliver an extensive set of IP-enhanced business productivity applications via a Web-based graphical user interface (GUI). To help companies


retain and attract customers and seize new business opportunities, Sun has developed offerings designed for easyintegration into their existing infrastructure.

Cable/Broadband

Government agencies are deregulating bandwidth, making hundreds of megahertz of bandwidth available for theemerging technologies and systems providing broadband wireless access. A wide variety of technologies andsystem implementations are being put into place to provide many different service offerings—cable, satellite, andDSL, for instance. Flexible, reliable, available, scalable Sun products can help increase the return on investmentand decrease the risk of providing these services.

Service Providers (SPs)

Offering reliability, security, and flexibility, Sun is one of the leading vendors in the service provider industry, withinnovative programs and services targeted specifically at helping SPs drive their services into the enterprisecommunity. Sun provides solutions that can help SPs reduce operating costs, streamline business processes,differentiate their services in the marketplace, and increase demand. Sun has strong partnerships with many of theleading companies in the SP industry. In addition, SunTone™ and iForce programs are examples of how Sun workswith key partners to solve business issues for the industry.

Netra 440 Server

The Netra 440 server is designed for high-performance, high-density environments and provides significantexpandability. Occupying only five rack units (5 RU) of vertical space, the Netra 440 server is configured with high-performance, 64-bit, SPARC® Version 9-compliant UltraSPARC IIIi processors.

Figure 1-2: Netra 440 server

Like other Sun servers, Netra 440 servers run the Solaris Operating System, Sun’s benchmark implementation


of System V Release 4 (SVR4) of the UNIX® operating system. Netra 440 servers enjoy full binary compatibility withother SPARC-based systems—including the 106-processor Sun Fire™ 15K server. With scalability and carefully-balanced performance, and a full complement of remote management features, and data center design, the Netra440 allows organizations to leverage their expertise with Sun’s proven SPARC® architecture and Solaris OperatingSystem into the telecommunications environment.

Sun designed the Netra 440 server from the ground up to meet NEBS and ETSI equipment standards. Certifiedto meet NEBS Level 3 requirements (DC version), it is an ideal candidate for applications that need to operate inharsh environments and require verified ruggedness, such as those found in telecommunication central offices,government, and industrial applications.

The Netra 440 server includes integrated high-bandwidth networking, supported by the Solaris OperatingSystem. A wide range of middleware applications is also available to reduce implementation and deployment time.Standard advanced manageability features allow for efficient, remote system administration, and high reliability toenable ease of integration with centralized management services.

The Netra 440 server also includes features for maximized uptime as well as high performance due to its largememory capacity and excellent expandability. All of these features are delivered in a high-performance,multiprocessor server at a competitive price.

Key Features

The Netra 440 server provides additional features that improve serviceability and ultimately availability fordelivering applications and services: • Advanced Lights Out Management (ALOM): A standard on-board System Management Controller module

provides remote monitoring and management. System alarms, including Critical, Major, Minor, and Userindicators and dry contacts, contribute to centralized system state monitoring through standard central officemanagement systems.

• Automatic server restart: Netra 440 servers can be configured to automatically reboot in the event that the

operating system becomes unresponsive—simplifying serviceability and reducing downtime.• System Configuration Card: A removable system configuration card contains system-specific information,

accelerating system upgrades or replacement.• Front-accessible, hot-pluggable UltraSCSI disks: Front-accessible disk drives provide convenient access for

service via a bezel—easing maintenance and reducing downtime.• 2+2 redundancy in power supplies: A total of four hot-swappable power supplies on the Netra 440 server

enhance availability and reliability.• Rack-centric design: 5 RU packaging and front-to-back cooling allow very dense configurations with

environmental characteristics that are certified to central office standards.


Figure 1-3: Netra 440 server with bezel flipped down

Table 1-1: Netra 440 server specifications

Number of processors 2 or 4

CPU speed and type 1.28 Ghz UltraSPARC IIIi

Level 2 cache 1 MB internal cache

Minimum/maximum memory

4 GB / 16 GB

Operating System(s) Solaris 8/9

PCI slots 3 x 66 MHz, 64-bit wide, 3.3V and 3 x 33 MHz, 64-bit wide, 5V

Network connections 2 x built-in 10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet ports

I/O connections 2 x serial, 4 x USB, 1 x Ultra320 SCSI

Number of disks and type 4 x 73-GB 15K rpm Ultra320 SCSI

Remote management ALOM (standard) 1 x 10 Mb/s Ethernet, 1 x RJ45 Serial

System Configuration Card Yes

Power supplies 2 required plus 2 in-line spare

Height / Depth 5U/19.5 inches

Maximum power 660 Watts

Heat dissipation 2218 BTU/hr

Optional features DVD-ROM/DVD-RW

Weight 37 kg (82 lb.)


Expandability and Management Interfaces

The Netra 440 server also allows a wide range of peripheral expansion. Standard expansion ports include:• Gigabit Ethernet: Two auto-negotiating 10/100/1000BaseT (gigabit Ethernet) ports provide high-speed,

high-bandwidth networking and enhanced availability.• Remote Management: A dedicated 10BaseT Ethernet port provides a network interface for out-of-band

management. An RJ-45 serial port provides a console port as well as an out-of-band serial managementinterface.

• Serial: A DB9 serial port allows connection to terminal servers or other devices.

• Serial Management: An RJ-45 serial port provides a console port as well as an out-of-band serial management

interface.• USB: Four USB 1.0 ports support keyboard, mouse, and storage peripherals such as ZIP drives, etc.

• SCSI: An external Ultra 320 SCSI port enables connection of disk arrays and other high-speed storage devices.

• PCI: Six full-length PCI slots are available for individual PCI cards.

• Alarm contacts: Critical, Major, Minor, and User dry contacts provide centralized management systems with

standardized system state information.

Target Applications for the Netra 440 Server

Ideal applications for the Netra 440 server include:• Wireless - HLR/VLR, 3G - UMTS/GGCN/SSGN

• Unified Messaging

• Short Messaging Services (SMS)

• Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS)

• Streaming Video Services

• Intelligent Network (IN)

• VOIP - Softswitch, Signaling Gateway, Media Server, Application Server

• OA&M OSS/BSS application areas

• Web application services, LDAP, AAA, mailstore

• Security

• Defense/military applications such as command and control, mobile system management, and classified

intelligence systems• Embedded OEM applications such as industrial process control, semiconductor testing equipment, and network

imaging systems


Chapter 2

Netra 440 Server Architecture

The Netra 440 server is designed to provide multiprocessor performance, scalability and flexibility in a convenientfive-rack unit enclosure. To this end, high-volume components and application specific integrated circuits (ASICs)have enabled a greatly reduced part count, high reliability, and low cost without compromising access toexpansion options through high-performance, standardized interfaces. The following pages describe the Netra 440server architecture in detail including the UltraSPARC IIIi processor and memory modules, network, I/O, andsystem configuration card.

Motherboard & CPU Modules

Netra 440 servers utilize a state-of-the-art compact motherboard. The motherboard implements all of the featuresshown in the Netra 440 block diagram of Figure 2-2, including:• Connectors for up to four UltraSPARC IIIi processor(s),

• UltraSPARC IIIi CPU(s) each with integrated 1MB L2 cache

• Six (6) PCI slots

• On-board I/O including two (2) Gigabit Ethernet interfaces

• Ultra320 SCSI controller

• SouthBridge I/O device

• Four power supply connectors

• I2C Controller for GPIO devices and System Controller Card (SCC)


Figure 2-1: Netra 440 motherboard components

The Netra 440 CPU modules comprise the central processing subsystem for the server. The CPU modules arebased on the UltraSPARC-IIIi CPU processor. The Netra 440 CPU is an “I-series” implementation of the SPARC V9architecture, where the designation as an “I-series” processor connotes the inclusion of a memory controller in theCPU. The I-series processors represent a mid-range processor implementation and is contrasted with the “S-series”processors at the high end, which include more performance-related features, and the “E-series” processors at thelow end, which are targeted at embedded applications and which typically include both the memory controllerand the standard I/O bus bridge. Each of the possible 4 CPU modules contains a single UltraSPARC-IIIi CPU, thefour memory DIMMs supported by the UltraSPARC-IIIi internal memory controller, and DC-DC converters asrequired to deliver power to the UltraSPARC-IIIi CPU and memory DIMMs.


Figure 2-2: Block-level diagram of the Netra 440

UltraSPARC IIIi Processor

Because Sun designs its own UltraSPARC processors, it has unique opportunities to integrate on-chip functionalitythat is ideally suited for the systems it builds. The UltraSPARC IIIi processor(s) utilized in the Netra 440 servercombine high performance with a full feature-set and low power consumption, making it ideal for small compactservers.

Running at 1.28 GHz, the UltraSPARC IIIi processor incorporates on-chip memory management and businterfaces to facilitate the easy and economical integration of cost-effective systems. Based on Sun's FlagshipUltraSPARC III processor, the UltraSPARCIIIi processor provides a wealth of benefits for smaller multi-processorsystems:• A 64-bit 4-way superscalar SPARC-V9 pipeline provides high performance in a low-power package

• The Memory Controller/System Interface unit manages virtual to physical memory address mappings with

reduced memory latency and large memory support of up to 4 GB of memory supported per CPU/memorymodule.

• A 32 KB 4-way associative instruction cache (I-cache) and a 64 KB 4-way associative data cache (D-cache) help

ensure low-latency access to instructions and data• A 1 MB 4-way associative on-chip L2 cache running at half the CPU core frequency provides increased reliability

and high throughput that scales with processor technology improvements


• The 183 MHz J-Bus system interface provides a simple, lightweight system interconnect optimized for small

multiprocessor systems• A 144-bit DDR1 SDRAM memory interface that provides exceptional price/performance and high main memory

throughput• ECC (memory) or parity (J-Bus) protection on all interconnects helps ensure highly-reliable and available

systems

Memory Subsystem

The Netra 440 server uses industry-standard DDR1 memory DIMMs. Each of the four CPU modules in a Netra 440system can contain up to 4 DIMMs. By using stacked DIMM technology, the Netra 440 will support up to 1 GBDIMMs, for a total system memory capacity of 16 GB.

Memory Controller

Each CPU contains a DDR1 memory controller and data interface. Unlike standard DDR1 memory interfaces in thePC industry, UltraSPARCIIIi uses a 128-bit datapath to main memory. The DIMMs in the memory subsystem arealways accessed two at a time. Since each DIMM provides 64-bits of data (plus ECC), the resulting data width is128-bits (plus ECC). The clock speed of the memory subsystem is up to 133 MHz, which yields a data bit rate of upto 266 Mbit/sec using the dual data rate signaling inherent to DDR SDRAM technology. A total memory bandwidthof 4.2 GB/s is available between each CPU and the memory directly attached to it; for a total aggregate memorybandwidth of 16.8 GB/s.

J-Bus Interconnect and JIO Hostbridge ASICs

The J-Bus interconnect used in the Netra 440 system offers superior bandwidth and low latency memory accesscoupled with reduced chip-count and cost. The J-Bus interconnect provides high throughput paths to memory. Inthe Netra 440 servers, the J-Bus links the UltraSPARC IIIi processor/memory modules with specialized JIOHostbridge ASICs that function as J-Bus to I/O bridges. The JIO Hostbridge ASIC provides a high-performance PCIimplementation and a J-Bus interface operating at up to 183 MHz. An integral I/O cache unit operating at up to 128MHz serves as a pre-fetch buffer that is fully coherent with main memory, improving sequential PCI DMAperformance. This approach minimizes J-Bus transactions for I/O and enhances performance for I/O access to mainmemory. In addition, the JIO Hostbridge ASICs support PCI DMA write and read bursts of 1 KB (32-bit PCI) and 2 KB(64-bit PCI) with no disconnect. 64-byte PCI DMA writes are executed at peak PCI bus throughput.

Each of the two JIO Hostbridge ASICs provides two 64-bit interfaces that are both compliant with industry-standard PCI 2.2. Two PCI buses are provided by each J-Bus/PCI controller for a total of four system PCIbuses for internal and external controllers and devices. Depending on the system, these PCI buses in turn support:• Ultra 320 SCSI controller (for internal disk drives) and external Ultra 320 SCSI port (for arrays)

• Two auto-negotiating gigabit Ethernet controllers

• South Bridge general I/O ASIC

• Three PCI 64-bit 66 MHz card slots

• Three PCI 64-bit 33 MHz card slots

South Bridge ASIC


The south bridge ASIC connects to one of the JIO Hostbridge ASICs via one of its PCI interfaces and provides serialand general I/O functionality. These capabilities include:• An internal connector to support the internal DVD-ROM

• A standard EIA/TIA-574 (DB9) asynchronous serial interface using RS-232 levels

• Four USB 1.0A interfaces

The South Bridge ASIC also connects the System Management Controller ASIC that serves as a serviceprocessor for the system's ALOM remote management capabilities. ALOM remote system management can beaccessed via either the RJ-45 serial or 10BaseT Ethernet interfaces provided by the System Management ControllerASIC.

Bell ASIC

The Bell ASIC is a JBUS repeater and forms the core of the Netra 440 JBUS fabric. As a repeater, Bell determines ona cycle-by-cycle basis which of its four JBUS ports are being driven actively by another JBUS device, and thenforwards any address, data, and control information from that one JBUS port to the other three JBUS ports, with aone-clock-cycle delay.

SouthBridge

The SouthBridge chip comprises a key element of the Netra 440 System Architecture and represents approximately20 years of evolution of PC architecture and system integration. The SouthBridge device adheres to a host ofIndustry standards and provides the interface to USB, IDE, Serial communications, and X-BUS components withinthe Netra 440.

X-Bus

The X-bus is defined with a 1 MB memory address space, and a 64KB I/O address space, both of which arearchitectural hold-overs from the originally 8088 microprocessor used in the original IBM PC. The only devices usedon the X-bus are the boot PROM, a 32 KB SRAM, the RTC, and the Philips PCF8584 I2C controller.

SCSI Disk Subsystem

The disk subsystem consists of a SCSI controller chip, termination, and connectors for internal and external SCSIconnections.

The Netra 440 server provides internal support for Ultra 320 SCSI devices. The internal disk drives are hot-pluggable and accessed through the flip-down front bezel of the system. The Netra 440 server supports up tofour 73-GB disks running at 15,000 rpm for a total internal capacity of 292 GB.

SCSI Controller

The SCSI controller provides the host with SCSI control functions. This controller generates two channels ofdifferential SCSI that conforms to the Ultra320SCSI Parallel Interconnect specification. The two SCSI buses providethe internal and external SCSI connectivity, one bus is provided via an internal connection to the SCSI backplane,and the other bus via the rear I/O panel for external SCSI expansion over a standard 68-pin SCSI cable connector.The controller uses a 3.3V, 64-bit, 66 MHz PCI interface, is connected into the system architecture at the PCI2B busprovided by the JIO Hostbridge, and is allocated two interrupts, one per SCSI channel.


SCSI Backplane and Termination

The SCSI controller is located at one end of both SCSI buses. As such, each of these buses are terminated at thecontroller. The SCSI backplane provides Sun-standard SCA2 connectors for up to four SCSI drives, with all drivesbeing connected to the internal SCSI bus provided from the motherboard via the SCSI controller. The backplaneprovides hot-plug-required pre-charge circuitry as well as software power control circuitry to allow the drives to bepowered on or off. This supports drive hot-plug capability and also allows all drives to be powered off for reducedpower consumption during Energy-star low-power modes.

System Configuration Card

System administrators often need the ability to replace or upgrade a server with minimal downtime. The systemconfiguration card (SCC) reader contains the system configuration card. The SCC resembles a credit card or smartcard and is used to store the system's host ID, Ethernet MAC addresses for all on-board Ethernet devices,OpenBoot™ configuration variables, and ALOM system controller user and system configuration data. The cardperforms the same functions that were performed by the NVRAM module in previous Sun systems, along withenhanced system controller support. With SCC, the identity of a system can be easily transferred from one systemto another, enabling administrators to replace a Netra 440 server with minimal reconfiguration. To transfer thesystem configuration simply remove the SCC from one server and insert it into another along with the boot diskfrom the original system.

CAUTION: The system configuration card must be installed and in place at all times while the system isrunning. If the SCC is removed while the system is running, the system will power off within 30 seconds. Inaddition, if the system is in standby mode and the SCC is missing, the ALOM system controller prevents the systemfrom being powered on.

System Control Rotary Switch

The four-position system control rotary switch on the front panel controls the power-on modes of the system. Thesystem control rotary switch also prevents unauthorized users from powering off the system or reprogrammingsystem firmware. Figure 2-4 shows the location of the system control rotary switch. Table 2-1 describes the functionof each system control rotary switch setting.


Figure 2-4: Netra 440 system control rotary switch

Table 2-1: Netra 440 system control rotary switch setting descriptions

Position Icon Description

Standby This setting forces the system to power off immediately and to enter standby mode. It alsodisables the system Power button. This setting is useful when AC/DC power is interrupted andyou do not want the system to restart automatically when power is restored. With the systemcontrol key switch in any other position, if the system were running prior to losing power and thepower state memory is enabled in the ALOM system controller, the system restarts automaticallyonce power is restored. The Standby setting also prevents anyone from restarting the system during an ALOM systemcontroller session. However, the ALOM system controller card continues to operate using thesystem's standby power.

Normal This setting enables the system Power button, allowing you to power the system on or off. If theoperating system is running, pressing and releasing the Power button initiates a gracefulsoftware system shutdown. Pressing and holding the Power button in for four seconds causes animmediate hardware power off.

Locked This setting disables the system Power button to prevent unauthorized users from powering thesystem on or off. It also disables the keyboard L1-A (Stop-A) command, terminal Break keycommand, and ~# tip window command, preventing users from suspending system operation toaccess the system ok prompt. The Locked setting is recommended for normal day-to-dayoperations, and prevents unauthorized programming by write-protecting system firmware. The ALOM system controller can still affect the system power state via a password-secured ALOMsession, even when the system control key switch is in the Locked position. This capabilityprovides remote management of the system.

Diagnostics This setting forces the power-on self-test (POST) and OpenBoot Diagnostics software to runfirmware diagnostic tests at power on or during reset events. The Power button functions thesame as when the system control key switch is in the Normal position.


Networking and I/O Expansion

The Netra 440 server provides a full complement of networking and I/O expansion options through connectors onthe back panel. The rear panel is illustrated in Figure 2-5.

Figure 2-5: Rear view of the Netra 440

Ethernet ports

Looking at the rear view of the Netra 440 chassis in figure 2-5,we can see that it provides two Gigabit Ethernetconnections, labeled NET0 and NET1, provided over a standard “copper” RJ45 interface, compliant with the IEEE-802.3ab and IEEE-802.3z physical-layer standards. Each of the two network ports are driven by separate Ethernet

chips, connected into the system through separate PCI buses for optimal performance balancing.Gigabit Ethernet technology from Sun is backwards-compatible with 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps Ethernet, with the

speed being auto-negotiated by the interface. An additional 10 Mbps Ethernet connection provides access to theALOM capabilities via a separate RJ-45 connector.

Serial ports- ALOM (RJ-45) & Asynchronous (DB-9)

Serial ports provide a convenient way to connect the Netra 440 server to terminal servers and other serial devices.The serial port (RJ-45 connector) located on the ALOM card is used as a console and serial interface to the SystemManagement Controller ASIC and ALOM remote management capabilities. It is provided by the COM1 interface onthe SouthBridge. The serial port (DB-9 connector, labeled 10101) can be used for general serial connectivity and

supports asynchronous transfers.

or AC


USB ports

The chassis rear provides four (4) USB ports via two “double-stacked” USB connectors. The port numbering isillustrated in Figure 2-6. Note also that the four USB ports associated with each of the two USB controllers in theSouthBridge are physically routed to the USB connectors in a manner consistent with the device nomenclatureoutlined above. Thus, the SouthBridge chip’s first USB controller initialized by OBP drives ports USB-0 and USB-1,and the second USB controller drives ports USB-2 and USB-3.

Figure 2-6 USB Port Numbering

Four USB ports provide a convenient way to connect a keyboard and mouse as well as hand-held devices forconfiguration management. In addition, USB-based peripheral devices supported by third parties, such as ZIPdrives and printers, as well as external CD/DVD-ROM drives may be attached.

UltraSCSI port

The chassis rear provides a dedicated Ultra320 SCSI port with a data transfer capability of 320 MB/s for connectionto external storage devices.

Figure 2-7 External SCSI Pin Numbering

PCI card slots

There are six (6) full length PCI slots on the rear of the chassis, numbered PCI-0 through PCI-5, right to left asviewed from the rear of the Chassis. Three of the slots are 33/66 MHz capable, with the remaining three slotsbeing 33 MHz-only. All PCI connectors are 64-bit, but can accept 32-bit PCI cards.

Power supplies

Power connection to the Netra 440 server is also located on the back panel. For enhanced reliability andavailability, four hot-plug power supplies in a parallel rail configuration are provided,each with a separate powercord. Either power supply unit is capable of running the Netra 440 server in the absence of the other in the case ofa failure. The power supplies are inserted or removed from the back of the chassis and make all electricalconnections to the system via the motherboard power-supply connectors, one per power supply. As hot-pluggableFRUs, the power supplies provide four indicators in compliance with the Service Indicator Standard, as listed inTable 2-2.


Table 2-2: Netra 440 Power Supply Indicators

Indicator Color Function

Standby Status Green Controlled by power supply internal circuitry, this indicator illuminates when powersupply is fully inserted into the chassis, power is present, and 5V_STBY output isactive. Controlled by power supply internal circuitry.

DC or AC Power GoodStatus

Green Controlled by power supply internal circuitry, this indicator illuminates when powersupply is ON, all supply rails are in regulation, and POWER_GOOD signal is beingdelivered to the motherboard. Controlled by power supply internal circuitry.

OK To Remove Blue Controlled by motherboard circuitry, this indicatorilluminates on a given power supply when the other power supply is ON and fullyoperational, i.e., not in any of the possible fault states (see below).

Fault Yellow Controlled power supply internal circuitry, this indicatorilluminates when one of the following fault conditions occurs:• Fan Failure• Over-temperature• Over-current on 3.3V, 5V, 12V, or -12V• Over-voltage on 3.3V, 5V, 12V, or -12V

The power supply indicators are located at the rear of the chassis in their entirety by motherboard circuitry; nosoftware intervention is required.

DVD-ROM/DVD-RW Drive

The Netra 440 includes a provision for an optional DVD-ROM/DVD-RW drive. This device is driven from the IDEinterface provided by the SouthBridge chip. The DVD-ROM/DVD-RW drive and SmartCard reader connect to themotherboard via a single 50-pin ribbon cable.

Diagnostics

The Netra 440 server has been designed for easy diagnosis and problem repair. Supporting this design are severalPROM-resident and UNIX platform-based diagnostic programs that can be applied by end-users and servicepersonnel.

Power-On Self-Test

Under user control, a power-on self-test (POST) can be automatically executed to test the system board, NVRAM,on-board I/O devices, and memory system each time power is applied to the system. While not intended to be acomprehensive diagnostic, POST can quickly establish that no severe problems exist with the system. POST testsmay be monitored via a serial-port connection to a terminal server, another desktop system, or a dumb terminal.


SunVTS

The SunVTS™ system exerciser is a graphically-oriented UNIX application that permits the continuous exercising ofsystem resources and internal and external peripheral equipment. Used to determine if the system is functioningproperly, SunVTS incorporates a multi-functional stress test of the system through operating system calls andallows the addition of new tests as they become available.

Front Panel Indicators

Located in the upper left corner of the front panel are the Sun standard set of service indicators. The control of theservice indicators standards will be through the ALOM service processor. In Service Indicator Standardsterminology, the white LED is the Locater indicator, the yellow LED is the Service Required indicator, and the greenLED is the System Activity. Note that in the Netra 440, the blue ‘OK to Remove’ indicator is not used at the chassislevel, since the chassis is not a hot-plug FRU. All of these indicators are controlled via an I2C GPIO device located onthe SCSI backplane. The front panel indicators are controlled by software running on the service processor, andfollows the guidelines laid down in the Sun Service Indicator Standard documentation. Of particular interest is theService Required indicator, as its use is intimately tied into the various diagnostic software subsystems such asPOST and OBDiag.

Rack-Mount Enclosure and Power

Netra 440 servers are designed to provide reliable and scalable performance while reducing operating expensethrough lower real estate costs. The small form-factor enables multiple systems to be deployed in dense, rack-mounted configurations. All internal components and field-replaceable units (FRU's), including the UltraSPARC IIIiCPU and memory modules are easily accessed from the top of the enclosure through a removable lid. A flip-downfront bezel allows hot-plug disk drives to be easily inserted or removed from the front of the system. Hot-plugpower supplies are accessible from the rear of the system. Each Netra 440 server is provided with a 19-inch two-post and four-post Sun rack mount kit that includes the bracket(s) and associated screws. Optional 23-inchtwo-post 600 mm x 600 mm rack mount, or 19-inch four-post slide mount kits are also available. Table 2-3summarizes the power and enclosure specifications of the Netra 440 server.

Table 2-3: Netra 440 server power and enclosure specifications

Maximum Power Consumption 660W

Maximum Input Current 23A maximum (DC) and 11A maximum @90VAC

DC Power -48V DC or -60V DC nomimal-40V to -75V DC range

AC Power 90-264V AC (47-63HZ)

Dimensions Height: 222 mm (8.75 in.) - 5 RUWidth: 440 mm (17.32 in.) including bezelDepth: 476 mm (18.75 in.) to rear IO connectors 495 mm (19.5 in.) overall maximumWeight: 37 kg (81.6 lbs.) fully configured


Environmental and Safety Specifications

The Netra 440 server meets all relevant domestic and international agency safety, ergonomics, EMI andenvironmental requirements as summarized in Table 2-4.

Table 2-4: Netra 440 server environmental and safety specifications Sun Fire V210 Server Sun Fire V240 Server

Specification Operating Non-Operating

Ambient temperature 41o to 104o F (5o to 40o C) -40o to 158o F (-40o to 70o C)

Relative humidity 5% - 85% non-condensing Up to 93% non-condensing, 100. 4o F (38o C) maxwet bulb

Altitude 0 to 3,000 meters (0 to10,000 feet) 0-12,000 meters (0 to 40,000 feet)

Acoustic noise (ISO 9296) Operating: 7.0 BIdling: 7.0 B

—

ETSI EN 300 019-2-1,2,3, Table 3.1 & 3.1 E

Seismic GR-63-Core requirements for earthquake Zone 4

Safety IEC60950, UL/CSA60950, EN60950

RFI/EMI compatibility FCC Class A, Part 14 47 CFR, EN55022, CISPR 22, EN 300-386:2001 V1.3.1, ICES-003

Immunity EN55024

Certifications Safety EMC Telecommunications

cULus Mark, TUV GS Mark, CE Mark, CCC, GOST RCE Mark (93/68/EEC), FCC authorized Class A, VCCI, BSMI, C-Tick, MIC

Telcordia GR-63 CORE, GR-1089-CORE, SR 3580 NEBS Level 3


Chapter 3

Software for Deploying Highly-Available Services

The need for continuous operation in mission- and business-critical environments demands not only well-designedhardware but sophisticated software capabilities as well. The Netra 440 server comes pre-installed with the SolarisOperating System (Solaris 8 HW 7/03) and integrated support for remote management software. Support for theSolaris 9 OS will be available with the Solaris 9 OS (HW 4/04) release.

Solaris Operating System

The Solaris Operating System is designed to deliver the power, flexibility, availability, and compatibility to supportcomputing needs in the Telecom industry. It combines key computing elements—operating system, networking,and user environments—into a stable, high-quality foundation that organizations can depend on to develop,deliver, and manage mission- and business-critical computing solutions. The strengths of the Solaris OperatingSystem lies with its carrier-grade reliability, scalability, and performance.

The following features and functionality of the Solaris OS help support operators who require constant andconsistent delivery of applications and services to customers 99.999% of the time.• High performance through a complete 64-bit computing environment, enabling the delivery of applications and

services to large numbers of users.• Extended security features through authentication, data integrity, data privacy, and single sign-on capabilities

so that tampering, snooping, and eavesdropping do not compromise data or associated transactions.• Enhanced scalability with a 64-bit kernel that enables access to more system resources and the ability to

consolidate applications onto a single server.• Superior reliability and availability for maximum data and application accessibility, with features such as

on-line patch installations without the need for system downtime.• Complete binary compatibility for software investment protection.

• Additional options, such as Solaris Resource Manager and Solaris Bandwidth Manager software, build upon the

reliability and scalability of the Solaris Operating System to help deliver a comprehensive platforminfrastructure.

• Included with the Solaris Operating System are tools to enable easy installation, provisioning, and upgrades.

Solaris JumpStart™ Software

With potentially hundreds or thousands of systems to manage, automation is key. Reducing TCO depends on


enabling a small administrative staff to manage a large number of systems. The Solaris Operating System providesmany of the key elements that enable efficient, centralized administration and automation. For example,administrators can boot Sun systems remotely over the network and can install operating systems from remotesystem administration servers. Solaris JumpStart software, a standard component of the Solaris Operating System,enables fully automatic and remote operating system installation based on custom profiles and scripts.

Solaris Flash Software

Solaris Flash software provides provisioning functionality that allows administrators to capture a snapshot imageof a complete server—including the Solaris Operating System, the applications stack, and the system configuration—into a new Flash Archive format. Using this system image, administrators can then rapidly replicate a referenceserver configuration onto many target servers. Solaris Flash images can be deployed via standard media or overthe network via HTTP and NFS protocols. Solaris Flash images can be installed using custom Solaris JumpStartscripts, the Solaris Web Start graphical interface, or through interactive installation of the Solaris OperatingSystem.

Solaris Live Upgrade Software

Solaris Live Upgrade software allows the creation, management, upgrade, comparison, and activation of multipleboot environments on systems running the Solaris Operating System. In particular, Solaris Live Upgrade softwareenables systems to run uninterrupted while a system administrator installs a Solaris Flash archive or upgrades to anew version of the Solaris Operating System. As a result, downtime for upgrades can be reduced to the timeneeded for a simple reboot.

Remote Management Software

In the past, the remote networking capabilities of the Solaris Operating System enabled administrators to log intoand remotely manage Sun systems. Administrators could perform basic administrative tasks or access systemconsoles through network terminal servers.

However, true lights-out-management—with its need for remote event notification and problem diagnosis—requires remote access at a level that makes few assumptions about the correct operation of an operating systemor other critical system components. As a result, remote system administration capabilities for geographicallydistributed or physically inaccessible systems require a fundamental system design that includes an independentor out-of-band control channel. This channel plays an essential role when the operating system on a remotesystem is not able to respond due to software, hardware, or network connectivity problems or power outages.

Now, the Netra 440 server extends basic remote management capabilities through the use of sophisticatedsystem management and monitoring tools.


Advanced Lights Out Manager (ALOM)

To address the need for out-of-band control, the Netra 440 server features Advanced Lights Out Management.Available through an embedded System Management Controller integrated into the Netra 440 servermotherboard, ALOM gives system administrators the ability to locate and resolve problems quickly, independent ofthe operating state of the system.

The autonomous System Management Controller ASIC provides remote system console capabilities throughboth serial and Ethernet interfaces on the back panel. Administrators can access ALOM service through a serialconnection from a modem, terminal server, personal computer, or other devices supporting terminal emulation.

Ethernet access to ALOM management capabilities is available from any network-attached administrativeresource such as a Sun workstation.

ALOM supports the following remote system management capabilities:• Host status monitoring and automatic server restart: ALOM monitors environmental conditions, as well as the

status of the power supply and fans in the Netra 440 server. It provides a service indicator and event or failurenotice to administrators. The service processor also provides an automatic server restart (ASR) functiontriggered by a system alarm. When properly configured, ASR can restart the server if it becomes unresponsive(a watchdog reset).

• Power control: ALOM gives administrators full control of the server, including remote power-on and power-off of

the system. The System Management Controller ASIC utilizes auxiliary power, enabling continuous monitoringand control functionality even when the server is powered off or the operating system is not running. When thesystem is operational, the service processor performs event reporting via the serial port or Ethernet ports that itcontrols.

• Software accessible alarms: Four user-configurable alarms are available for specialized applications that

require them. For example, an application can set an alarm to be triggered if an important server process is notresponding. If this condition occurs, remote management software—possibly custom-developed code—noticesthat the alarm condition has been set and takes appropriate action.

Solaris Resource Manager Software

Driven by the increasing popularity of applications and network service providers, customers are demanding servicelevel agreements to ensure processing and that storage and throughput resources will be available during periodsof peak usage. At the same time, administrators must strive to ensure that meeting the demands of one user doesnot unfairly impact another.

Solaris Resource Manager software, integrated into the Solaris Operating System, allows system managers toallocate resources among individual tasks and users in a structured, policy-driven fashion. With Solaris ResourceManager software, administrators can proactively allocate, control, and monitor system resources, such as CPUtime, processes, virtual memory, connect time, and logins within a system or domain. This fine-grained controlenables the system manager to better predict and guarantee the level of service available to a particular task.When additional resources are required to meet urgent demands, allocations can be easily shifted to provideneeded levels of service. As a result, users and applications receive more consistent levels of service, enabling evenhigher application availability.


Solaris Bandwidth Manager Software

Solaris Bandwidth Manager software enables administrators to control the network bandwidth assigned toparticular applications, users, and departments that share the same intranet or Internet link. By installing SolarisBandwidth Manager software on a network’s major links and application servers and by setting consistent policies,administrators can evenly distribute bandwidth throughout the organization. Traffic can also be prioritized,preventing a small number of applications or users from consuming all available bandwidth.

Solaris Bandwidth Manager software enables organizations to:• Provide differentiated classes of service to users and bill accordingly

• Guarantee bandwidth to priority users, applications, or servers

• Reduce traffic congestion and increase network efficiency

• Control user and application access to network resources

• Gather detailed network use statistics and accounting data for usage-based billing and trend analysis

Storage Management Tools

To manage the growing volumes of mass storage in today’s networked environments, Sun provides the advancedSun StorEdge line of redundant storage arrays along with a variety of powerful management tools. Volumemanagers are available both as hardware-based options that are an integral part of disk subsystems and as host-based managers that run on the host.

Redundant storage area network (SAN) solutions, in addition to individual volume management tools, areavailable from Sun to connect storage devices via a switch to deliver high-speed, high-bandwidth access to data.Sun’s economical portfolio of SAN solutions is a customer-ready, network-ready answer that is easy to install andsimple to manage. Sun also provides several software suites that help ease storage management tasks:• Sun StorEdge™ Utilization Suite software provides protection and rapid access to large volumes

of enterprise data• Sun StorEdge Performance Suite software optimizes storage resources for speed and

continuous data availability, even for very large files• Sun StorEdge Availability Suite software, provides a comprehensive solution that minimizes

disruption, maintains productivity, protects data, recovers from disaster, and ensures continuityin business planning and integration

• Sun StorEdge Resource Management Suite software, enables administrators to analyze

storage usage, understand consumption, identify bottlenecks, forecast growth, and planefficiently for new storage networks.


Web Services Software

A wide range of Sun Java™ Enterprise System software is also available for the Netra 440 server to help lower thetotal cost of ownership and speed server deployment. Sun Java Enterprise System software is available in DVD andCD media that can be installed onsite. The software modules in the Sun Java Enterprise System portfolio includes:• Sun Java System Web Server

• Sun Java System Messaging Server

• Sun Java System Directory Server

• Sun Java System Application Server

• Sun Java System Portal Server

• Sun Java System Active Server Pages

• Apache Web Server


Chapter 4

Service Solutions to Improve Telco Operations

Qualified system administrative talent is increasingly expensive and hard to find in the Telecom industry. As anorganization continues to grow, it must extend the expertise of its valuable system administrative staff—asking itto manage larger and larger numbers of systems.

In addition, maintaining high availability means relying on people and processes even more than products.Sun can provide the experts that can help integrate the methodologies, expertise, products, and services neededto craft high availability environments that make service grids work more smoothly. Sun’s extensive portfolio ofservices—based on field-proven methodologies, best practices, and experience implementing thousands of serversinto telecommunications centers worldwide—delivers the “how to” architecture, implementation, and operationsmanagement services for the Netra 440 server. Key services include:• Consulting expertise to help design and implement solutions that can handle rapid growth without sacrificing

performance and availability• Workforce development solutions that provide staff with the skills to assess, architect, build, and manage

scalable data centers through a specially designed curriculum• Comprehensive, flexible support services developed to address the unique needs of the data center and

complement the business model and operational support strategy of individual enterprises

Professional Services

Sun Professional Services teams can help organizations create the right infrastructure based on Netra 440 systemsthrough several services: • The Application Readiness Service program provides implementation and project management.

• The Data Center Readiness Service program addresses configuration, design and testing, change management

and process, and documentation issues.• The SunReadySM Availability Assessment Service program identifies and assesses the gaps and risks in an

architecture or operational environment, as well as evaluating the organizational structure or personnel skilllevels in a particular application environment that may affect availability.

• The Mainframe Migration Services program helps an organization with a growing computing environment

prepare to take advantage of the latest hardware, software, and middleware technologies.


Workforce Development Solutions

A properly trained staff can help ensure high levels of availability, fast and accurate deployment of new productsand services, quick identification of problems, and rapid response to system failures and interruptions. SunEducational Services, as a leading supplier of training solutions around the world, can help organizations take fulladvantage of their hardware and software investment by giving their personnel the right training.

Proactive System Management

Managing a large number of servers requires obtaining the right level of support to help improve operationalefficiency and increase mission- and business-critical system reliability. Sun Support Services offers proactivesupport, monitoring, and sustaining services to help manage system availability. Support services include:• SunSpectrumSM Support Programs enable enterprises to choose a service level based on their specific need.

Levels of service range from mission-critical support for maximum solution availability to backup assistance forself-support organizations.

• SunSpectrum PlatinumSM is Sun’s most comprehensive high-availability system support solution, designed to

provide services to support around-the-clock, mission-critical computing environments. SunSpectrum Platinum’smany support services include a mission-critical account team, support planning, 24x7 telephone assistance,customer-defined service priorities, and 24x7, on-site hardware service.

• Sun RAS ProfileSM enables enterprises to identify those areas where operational efficiency and mission- and

business-critical system reliability can be improved.

Sun Remote ServicesSM Event Monitoring Program

The Sun Remote Services Event Monitoring program is a set of tools, technologies, and expertise designed toimprove mission-critical support and increase the overall availability of the environments of organizations withSunSpectrum GoldSM or SunSpectrum Platinum support. Sun Remote Services methodologies allow Sun experts todetect and manage Sun system events faster and more proactively—resolving potential problems before theyimpact Sun environments and business operations.

SunToneSM Certification and Branding Program

In a market fraught with time-to-market pressures, ensuring the quality and reliability of applications can be atime-consuming task. To help this effort, Sun created the SunTone Certification and Branding program to recognizeand promote service provider investments in process, methodology, and infrastructure—elements that enable thedelivery of secure, reliable, and predictable Internet services. The SunTone Certification and Branding Programprovides customers of Web-based services, applications, and integrator services with a means for identifyingsuppliers who meet highly-defined standards for delivering quality service over the Internet. The program alsogives the companies that provide these quality services a means to differentiate themselves in an competitive andexpanding market.

Using the SunTone Certified logos as a guide, organizations can quickly and confidently choose serviceproviders who have met high quality standards aimed at making Webtone as reliable as dialtone. All SunToneCertified services meet established requirements for hardware infrastructure, security, and operational processes.Additionally, service providers, when deploying SunTone Certified services, follow a recommended methodology for


building services, providing security, and ensuring reliability and scalability. SunTone Certified applicationsconform to requirements addressing scalability, availability, security, and management practices, and areoptimized and tuned to run on the Sun platform.


Chapter 5

Conclusions

Today’s organizations are facing many challenges. Telecommunications operators must be on-line 24 hours a dayand systems must be managed to handle peak loads without disruption or service degradation. Computinginfrastructures must scale both horizontally and vertically—without downtime or unnecessary system complexity.Organizations must find ways to deal with server sprawl and management of thousands of servers inheterogeneous environments spread across the globe while keeping corporate and user information secure. As ifall these requirements were not challenging enough, organizations must deploy solutions at lower costs.

The Netra 440 server sets a new standard for cost-effective, expandable, high-density, multiprocessor, server-based computing. Designed for carrier-grade environments, the Netra 440 server offers sophisticatedfunctionality in a compact package. Enhanced networking capacity and bandwidth make the Netra 440 systemideal for applications where network throughput is key. The Netra 440 server’s high-performance, multiprocessorcapabilities make it ideal for network service deployments as well.

The Netra 440 server combines advanced system management techniques, remote management tools, andadvanced lights out management (ALOM) capabilities in a highly-manageable, compact, affordable package—providing a robust foundation to help organizations deliver highly available services.

Sun has been developing high-performance, robust computing technology for over twenty years. In a worldwhere technology advances at breakneck speeds, companies are looking to forge alliances that enable them tocapitalize on each other’s strengths. The combination of Sun systems, the Solaris Operating System, remotemanagement tools, and key technologies such as advanced lights out management in the Netra 440 serverenables organizations to capitalize on the power of low-cost, carrier-grade server computing.


Chapter6

References

Sun Microsystems posts product information in the form of data sheets, specifications and whitepapers on itsInternet World Wide Web Home page at: http://www.sun.co m.

For documentation on the Netra 440 and all other Sun hardware platforms, visit http://docs.sun.com.


Sun Microsystems, Inc. 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA Phone 1-650-960-1300 or 1-800-555-9SUN Web sun.com

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Documents

Netra™ 440 Server Architecture - zhiding.cnftps.zdnet.com.cn/files/2/15765.pdfmarketplace. Sun plays a leading role in open computing and open networks, the basic requirements for