Nervous System

7/21/2019 Nervous System

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The Nervous SystemThe Nervous System



Brain Teaser Brain Teaser

8 15 14 9 1 6 3

Which number comes next in the sequence?

4!1" or 1# ?



$unctions o% the Nervous System$unctions o% the Nervous System

1&1& 'ontro( center %or a(( bo)y activities'ontro( center %or a(( bo)y activities

#&#& *es+on)s an) a)a+ts to chan,es that*es+on)s an) a)a+ts to chan,es that

occur both insi)e an) outsi)e the bo)yoccur both insi)e an) outsi)e the bo)y

-.x/ +ain tem+erature +re,nancy0-.x/ +ain tem+erature +re,nancy0



'entra( Nervous System'entra( Nervous System

Neurons Neurons / microsco+ic/ microsco+icnerve ce((s that maenerve ce((s that mae

u+ the brain s+ina(u+ the brain s+ina(

cor) an) nervescor) an) nerves

2 3"""" neurons can %it2 3"""" neurons can %it

on a +inhea)on a +inhea)



natomy o% a Neuronnatomy o% a Neuron

.ach neuron contains/.ach neuron contains/

22 'e(( bo)y'e(( bo)

y ithith

nuc(eusnuc(eus

22 en)ritesen)rites / %ibers that/ %ibers thatreceive messa,es %romreceive messa,es %rom

other neuronsother neurons

22 xonsxons / %ibers that/ %ibers that

sen) messa,es to othersen) messa,es to other

neuronsneurons



Neurons )o N7T touch Neurons )o N7T touch

there is a ,a+ beteenthere is a ,a+ beteen

them ca((e) athem ca((e) a syna+ses

yna+se

essa,es are sentessa,es are sent

across the syna+ses byacross the syna+ses bys+ecia( chemica(s ca((e)s+ecia( chemica(s ca((e)

neurotransmittersneurotransmitters



'ommunication Beteen'ommunication Beteen

Neurons Neurons

2 The use o%The use o%

neurotransmittersneurotransmitters

causes an e(ectrica(causes an e(ectrica(

currentcurrent

There is enou,hThere is enou,h

e(ectrica( current in thee(ectrica( current in the brain to +oer a brain to +oer a

%(ash(i,ht%(ash(i,ht




:% you ere runnin, a race an) you +asse):% you ere runnin, a race an) you +asse)

the +erson in #the +erson in #n)n) +(ace hat +(ace ou() +(ace hat +(ace ou()

you be in no?you be in no?

Secon)Secon)



To a;or ivisionsTo a;or ivisions

o% the Nervouso% the NervousSystemSystem




BrainBrain / a mass o% 1""/ a mass o% 1"" bi((ion neurons (ocate) bi((ion neurons (ocate)

insi)e the su((insi)e the su((

2<earnin, occurs as more2<earnin, occurs as more

an) stron,eran) stron,er

connections are ma)econnections are ma)e beteen neurons beteen neurons



natomy o% the Brainnatomy o% the Brain

'erebrum'erebrum / (ar,est +art o%/ (ar,est +art o%human brainhuman brain

2 *es+onsib(e %or/2 *es+onsib(e %or/

2 Thou,ht2 Thou,ht 2 <an,ua,e2 <an,ua,e

2 Senses2 Senses

2 emory2 emory

2 =o(untary movement2 =o(untary movement



*etrieva( o% a emory*etrieva( o% a emory

memory is not a memory is not a

sna+shot store) in thesna+shot store) in the

brain > it must be +ut brain > it must be +utto,ether %romto,ether %rom

in%ormation store) inin%ormation store) in

various +arts o% thevarious +arts o% the

brain brain




'erebe((um / at base o% brain

2*es+onsib(e %or/

2 usc(e coor)ination 2 Ba(ance

2 osture




Brain StemBrain Stem

/ connects/ connects

brain to s+ina( cor) brain to s+ina( cor)

2*es+onsib(e %or/2*es+onsib(e %or/

2 Breathin,2 Breathin,

2 Sa((oin,2 Sa((oin,

2 @eartbeat2 @eartbeat

2 B(oo) +ressure2 B(oo) +ressure




S+ina( 'or)S +ina( 'or) / 'o(umn o%/ 'o(umn o%

nerves %rom brain tonerves %rom brain totai(bone > +rotecte) bytai(bone > +rotecte) byvertebrae o% s+inevertebrae o% s+ine

2 *es+onsib(e %or/*es+onsib(e %or/

2 'on)uctin,2 'on)uctin,im+u(ses beteen theim+u(ses beteen the

brain an) the rest o% brain an) the rest o%the bo)ythe bo)y

A:m+u(ses may trave( asA:m+u(ses may trave( as

%ast at #68 mi(eshr %ast at #68 mi(eshr




@ : N 7 T C = W

Which o% the (etters above )oes not be(on,

ith the rest?

N :t is not a mirror2ima,e o% itse(%



eri+hera( Nervous Systemeri+hera( Nervous System

Nerves Nerves / visib(e bun)(es/ visib(e bun)(es

o% axons an) )en)riteso% axons an) )en)rites

that enten) %rom thethat enten) %rom the

brain an) s+ina( cor) to brain an) s+ina( cor) toa(( other +arts o% thea(( other +arts o% the

bo)y bo)y



2*es+onsibi(ities/2*es+onsibi(ities/

22 Sensory nervesSensor y nerves 22

carry messa,es %romcarry messa,es %rom

bo)y to brain -+ain bo)y to brain -+ain

+ressure tem+erature0 +ressure tem+erature0

22 otor nervesotor nerves > carry > carry

messa,es %rom brainmessa,es %rom brain

to bo)y to res+on)to bo)y to res+on)




There is a ton here 5D o% a(( the +eo+(eThere is a ton here 5D o% a(( the +eo+(e(ivin, there have un(iste) +hone numbers&(ivin, there have un(iste) +hone numbers&

:% you se(ecte) 1"" names at ran)om %rom:% you se(ecte) 1"" names at ran)om %rom

the tonEs +hone )irectory on avera,e hothe tonEs +hone )irectory on avera,e homany o% these +eo+(e ou() have un(iste)many o% these +eo+(e ou() have un(iste)

+hone numbers? +hone numbers?

" They ou() not be in the +hone boo i%" They ou() not be in the +hone boo i%

their number as un(iste)their number as un(iste)



rob(ems o% the Nervous Systemrob(ems o% the Nervous System

'oncussion'oncussion

tem+orary )isturbance tem+orary )isturbance

o% the brainEs abi(ity too% the brainEs abi(ity to%unction )ue to a har)%unction )ue to a har)

b(o to the hea) b(o to the hea)



ara(ysisara(ysis (oss o% sensation an) (oss o% sensation an)

movement o% +art o%movement o% +art o%

the bo)y )ue to anthe bo)y )ue to an

in;ury o% the s+ina(in;ury o% the s+ina(cor) or braincor) or brain



arinsonEs iseasearinsonEs isease

The brain )oes not +ro)uce enou,h o% theThe brain )oes not +ro)uce enou,h o% the

neurotransmitter that transmits messa,es %rom theneurotransmitter that transmits messa,es %rom the brain to the musc(es brain to the musc(es

Sym+toms/ tremors ri,i) musc(es shu%%(in, a(Sym+toms/ tremors ri,i) musc(es shu%%(in, a(

an) (oss o% %acia( ex+ressionan) (oss o% %acia( ex+ression

*e) areas*e) areassho heresho here

chemica( ischemica( is

store)store)

http://www.mayo.edu/fpd/images/pet1.gif



(FheimerEs isease(FheimerEs isease

,ra)ua( shrinin, o% the neurons in the cerebrum ,ra)ua( shrinin, o% the neurons in the cerebrum

Sym+toms/ memory (oss emotiona( )isturbancesSym+toms/ memory (oss emotiona( )isturbancesinabi(ity to %unction on on )eathinabi(ity to %unction on on )eath



.+i(e+sy. +i(e+sy

bnorma( transmission o% messa,es beteen thebnorma( transmission o% messa,es beteen the

neurons in the brainneurons in the brainSym+toms/ seiFuresSym+toms/ seiFures

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Nervous System