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Nelson Mandela 46664
Nelson Mandela was born July 18, 1918 in South
Africa.
He was one of
13 children.
His father died when he was
nine years old.
Mandela is the first in his family to go to school.
While in school, he meetsOliver Tambo And Walter Sisulu.
Walter Sisulu loans Nelson Mandela money to go to Law
School
Walter Sisulu
In 1944 Mandela, Sisulu, and Tambo work together to help create the ANC Youth
League.
Mandela did not achieve greatness
alone; he was influenced and
supported by many people who worked
alongside him during the struggle. His achievements would not have been possible without the
influence and support of his
comrades in the struggle for Freedom.
A.N.C. African National Congress
South African Black
political party who organized:
Boycotts
Strikes
Marches
Occasional Violence
In 1948,The Afrikaner Nationalist Party begins
“Apartheid”.Races have
separate living areas, toilets,
parks, beaches,
and schools.
Only whites have political power.
ApartheidApartheid means apartness, and it was the official policy of racial
segregation practiced in South Africa.
1952-1958Mandela is first arrested in 1952 and he is forced to work secretly “underground”
In 1956 Mandela,
Tambo, Sisulu, & 153 others are arrested and charged with
treason. All are released due to “No Violence” on their part.
Mandela meets social worker Winnie
Madikizela and he divorces his first wife and marries Winnie in
1958.
Apartheid Non-whites were extremely mistreated:-Limited where they could live and
travel.-They could only hold certain jobs.-Some weren’t allowed to attend
school.-Mistreated by the government.
The Effects of Apartheid The effects of apartheid linger in
today’s South Africa. Whites have better jobs, more money, and a much better standard of living. Many blacks still live in very poor, segregated areas far from cities. Poverty and unemployment remain high for the blacks.
1960 The ANC and Mandela go underground
International protests begin Government introduces new harsher laws enforced by the military.Mandela is forced to hidefrom the government.
ANC decides to use violence
Under Mandela’s leadership, the ANC launches a campaign of sabotage against the government.
1962 Mandela is arrested
Mandela leaves the country to attend a freedom conference in Algeria where he receives military training and weapons.
When Mandela returns, he is arrested for leaving the country illegally and is sentenced to 5 years in prison.
1964 Rivonia Trial
While in jail, police raid an ANC house and find weapons.
Mandela, Sisulu, and others stand trial for sabotage against the government.
June 11, 1964 Sentenced to life
imprisonment “During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.” -Nelson Mandela
Prisoner 46664Nelson Mandelawas the 466th
prisoner in 1964.
They are incarcerated at Robben Island Prison
Mandela is allowed only one visit from his wife Winnie every six months. He is not allowed to see his daughters for 10 years.
While in prison, he consistently refuses to renounce his political beliefs in exchange for freedom. He becomes a focus of world attention and a symbol for South Africa’s struggle
1973 The UN declares apartheid
“A Crime Against Humanity.”
1982 Mandela and Sisulu are transferred to
Pollsmoor Prison
1985-1986 Economic Sanctions are placed against
South Africa.
US companies pull out of South Africa. 1984- 40 companies leave 1985- 50 companies leave. Inflation rises, standards of living drop, and the violence escalates.
In 1986 “Secret talks” begin between Mandela and
members of the government.
1988 Mandela is diagnosed with tuberculosis and is moved to
Victor Verster Prison
1989 Mandela meets with President P.W. Botha
President Botha doesn’t really want to listen to Mandela’s ideas.
President Botha is not really interested in peace and the government forces his to resign
F.W. DeKlerk
After Botha resigned in 1989, F.W. DeKlerk took over as President and met
with Mandela to discuss his release and steps to end
apartheid.
Sunday, February 11, 1990 Nelson Mandela is
released.
Nelson Mandela was called “Madiba”
Nelson and Winnie walk out of prison.
Oliver Tambo had a stroke and died on April 24, 1993. He did not live to see Mandela elected President.
October 16, 1993 Mandela and DeKlerk awarded
Nobel Peace PrizeThe world's most
famous former prisoner and his ex-
jailer - African National Congress President Nelson
Mandela and South African President
Frederik W. de Klerk - were jointly awarded
the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize today for
their efforts to dismantle the
country's apartheid system of racial
separation.
April 26-30, 1994
South Africa’s 1st truly multiracial
democratic elections are held.
91% of the people voted. 63% voted for the ANC
20% voted for the National Party.
May 9, 1994 Nelson Mandela is elected unanimously asPresident of South Africa.
Nelson Mandela was inaugurated as the first
president of the democratic
South Africa on May 10, 1994.
He was so light-hearted, so jubilant,
he even danced on stage.
March 19, 1996 Winnie & Nelson Mandela divorce.
Winnie is connected to eight murders, among 10 other crimes, which
supposedly occurred during the late 1980’s. In each murder case,
someone else was originally blamed, but suspicions that
Winnie was involved have brought up new questions and trials against her. Among the most significant accusations are the
charges that she ordered the
kidnapping and murder of
Stompie Moeketsi.
July 18, 1998On his 80th birthday, Nelson Mandela married Graca Machel
Mandela Retires in 1999
Mandela completed his five-year term
as South Africa's
President before
handing over to Vice-
President Thabo Mbeki.
He continued to be active in
global affairs until 2004.
Walter Sisulu dies May 6, 2003
Walter Sisulu, the quiet giant of
South Africa's anti-apartheid struggle for five
decades, has died after a
long illness.
He was 90.
February 18, 2008 Nelson Mandela Celebrates
his 90th Birthday!
Today, Nelson Mandela leads the fight to end poverty and AIDS in Africa. He recently celebrated his 90th birthday and he now lives happily ever after in a free South Africa.
