Neighborhood Handbook

8/14/2019 Neighborhood Handbook

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Neighborhood Handbook 18


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19 Neighborhood

Neighborhood PlanninWhy should we plan?Planning establishes a ocused and directed vision or a neighborhood or community. works by bringing neighbors, community leaders, and elected ofcials together to talk

about their common interests and the uture o the community. Planning is about morethan land use; planning provides a venue or the equitable sharing o ideas on issues athe community such as education, employment, transportation, growth and the economy

Planning attracts assistance rom outside the neighborhood. When a neighborhoodorganizes and identi es important issues, these issues can then be addressed and assisteby appropriated outside organizations, associations, or individuals.

Because planning is a collaborative community activity, planning can change the mind-o property owners and developers who might otherwise act unilaterally.

What is a Neighborhood Plan?A neighborhood plan is a detailed description and guide to direct change, growth, andredevelopment o the neighborhood, decided on by the stakeholders in the neighborhoo Typically neighborhood plans will be included as individual chapters within the City GePlan, providing increased speci city and neighborhood vision to the larger plan.

Additionally, neighborhood plans can establish custom tail ored regulations that can beimplemented through overlay districts and rezoning. They may also attract (or sometim

deter) public and private investments that build toward a common vision.

A planning processPlanning on any level requires a step-by-step process to be e ective:

Identi y planning group areas

Find local agents who actually live in each area.

Choose appropriate strategies or your area

Envision the results o the strategies.

Respond to work rom adjacent planning groups, local and regional issues.

Publish results, pursue implementation.


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Planning Group Areas1. Pen Road/ Wild Oats2. Alta Vista Street Campus3. Monterey/ Casa Linda/ Kaune Elem.

4. Pacheco North5. Camino del Monte Rey6. Pacheco/ Pink Church7. Cerrillos commercial/ Indian School8. Young Park 9. Jay Street10. Trackside commercial11. Pacheco south and San Mateo Lane12. San Mateo Crossing13. Second Street14. Second Street rail plaza15. San Mateo16. Cerrillos/ El Rey17. Berry St18. Quapaw19. Hopewell/ Espinacitas20. Hopewell/ 5th21. 6th and Hopewell

22. Saint Michaels


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21 Neighborhood

Neighborhood Asset MappinWhat is Asset Mapping?Asset mapping is the process o locating, de ning, and cataloging a communitys assetSome o a neighborhoods assets are easily visible, like parks, and buildings, and othersless visible, like residents skills, or social groups. Community members are the best peto create assets maps, because they know the assets best, and also know what the assetsmean or the community.

What Types o Assets Are There?Assets are anything that makes li e better or the community and its members. Someassets are held in common, while others are private, bene ting one person o amily. Oway or another assets make a community stronger. Some assets are in use, or just waitinto be used, while others are hidden or blocked. The most common obstacles to usingcommunity assets are a lack o awareness o assets, lack o community pride in its asso communication, and lack o par tnerships needed to make assets work or the comm

Social Assets:

Social Assets include cultural events and traditions, living treasures, social gand in ormal social networks.

Economic Assets:

Economic assets include peoples skills, employers, resources, access to custoand business networks.

Built Environment Assets:

Neighborhood Elements: this category includes parks, trails, open space, arroaccess and public art and community elements such as schools, churches,hospitals, grocery stores, and gyms.

Streetscape Elements: physical characteristics o streets in the Triangle, inclustreet trees, parking, sidewalks, bike lanes, trafc patterns and volume, connectand vacant land.

Housing Elements: this includes individual home-level elements such as yardporches, number o stories, solar panels, and courtyards as well as neighborhscale elements such as housing types and densities, owner/renter occupation, amixed income residents.

Commercial Elements: these are community-scale characteristics such as shopcenters, ofce complexes, mixed-use development and local business a nd indus

Why Asset Mapping?As stated above, asset mapping provides a speci c list o what is and is not in the

Triangle, and helps identi y gaps in housing, services and amenities. Asset mapping iscrucial to provide hard data to support positive community assets and demonstrate unmeneeds in the area. These ndings are o ten instrumental in procuring outside assistance

rom city, state, and national sources or all variety o unmet needs.


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District Wide Assets

Parks

o Railyard Park o Orlando Fernandez Park

o Salvador Perez Park

o Larragoita Park o Young Park

o Ashbaugh Park (connects to Acequia de los Pinos uture trail system

o Gregory Lopez Park

o General Franklin E. Miles Park

o Southridge Calle Lorca Park

o Casa Linda Park (@ Baca/ Monterray St. roundabout)

Natural Featureso Acequia de los Pinos ( uture trail system)

o Arroyoo Railyard/Railtrail

Grocery Storeso Whole Foods

o Trader Joes

o Wild Oats

o Smiths Food and Drug St. Michaelso Smiths Food and Drug Cerrillos

Other Major Retailo Kmart

o Walgreens

o Sav-On

o Ace Hardware

o Empire Building Supply

Hospital/Medical Districto St. Vincents Hospital and Medical Ofces

Schoolso New Mexico School or the Dea

o Santa Fe Indian School

o College o Santa Feo Santa Fe High School

o St. Michaels High School

o DeVargas Junior High School

o Salazar School

o Nava Elementary School

o Kaune Elementary School

Churches/Cemeterieso St. Annes Churcho Spanish Baptist Church

o Berean Baptist Church

o St. Michaels Chapel

o Fairview Cemeteryo Guadalupe Cemetery


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23 Neighborhood

Preliminary Mapping o Built Environment AssetsColumbia Street

Assets:

Bus stop on St. Francis Vegetable garden or home consumption

Mature trees

Mix o homeowners and renters

Mix o housing prices

Well-maintained and personalized yards

Front porches with chairs

Local barbershop located in owners home(home occupancy)

Wide street/generous right o way

2 Vacant lots

Possibilities:Commercial rontage on St. Francis

Negatives:No sidewalks/not pedestrian riendly

North Calle Anaya

Assets:Mix o homeowners and renters

Mix o housing prices

Vacant lot

Possibilities:Empty lot at bend in street (currentlyblocked by concrete wall)

Potential connection to Pacheco St. via passbetween storage units and Zia Gymnastics(currently blocked by chain-link gate

Zia Gymnastics building is potentiallyunderused

Negatives:No sidewalks/not pedestrian riendly

Concrete wall at bend in street kills o possible throughway and development o vacant lot

South Calle Anaya

Assets:Mature trees

Veterinary clinic

Old, established houses

Possibilities:

Commercial rontage on St. Francis

Possible connection to south

Nava

Assets:Existing units with St. Francis rontage

Possibilities: Vacant lot with St. Francis rontage

Negatives:No rontage on Nava ( aces the backside o buildings with rontage on St. Francis)

High walls surrounding the backside o buildings with rontage on St. Francis

Monte Rey

Assets:Sarcon Construction headquarters

Riparian arroyo with mature trees

Mature trees on street

La Remuda apartment complex

-solar townhouses

- balconies

-apartments with a community courtyardover parking

-parking lot on street

Very wide streetConnection rom St. Francis to Pacheco St.

Local business complex

-solar energy system

-sculpture that is highly visible rom street(public art)

-walking maze

-contains: Santa Fe Community YogaCenter, Bodywise Physical Therapy,Scher Chiropractor, Recursos, Buddhistcenter, acupuncture, Center or IntuitiveDevelopment

Multiple vacant lots (one on the corner o Pacheco)

Capitol Paintworks and Alignment

Weinmeister Import Garage

Possibilities:Foot-path along riparian arroyo

Negatives:No sidewalks on most o the street

Garbage

St. Francis Pro essional Center

Assets:Predominately small local businesses thatprovide local jobs

Clusters (medical?)

Variety o services

Small commercial space

Riparian arroyo

Bench areas

Landscaping with large amounts o trees and

bushes

Condo ownership

Possibilities:Potential central space

Foot-path through arroyo and tunnethroughway across St. Francis

Swale areas

Second stories enabling mixed busresidential use

Negatives:Bland design and lack o public sp

Business use only

Parking design

San Mateo Crossing

Assets:Mature trees

Pool

Community room

Common yard area with swing-set bench

Homeownership opportunities

Street rontage

Possibilities:Connection to the north via arroyo the west

Mixed commercial and residential

Further development o public spa

Negatives:Residential use only

Parking design


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Calle Saragosa

Assets:

Vacant lot with St. Francis rontageSarcon construction headquarters

Vacant lot

Mix o housing types: apartments, lo ts,townhouses with courts

Mature trees

Narrow street

Possibilities:Swale or ponding area

Path to Pacheco (currently blocked bystorage units)

Mixed use on west side

Negatives:Potholes

Monterray, Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz

Assets:Elementary School

Playground

Trafc calming and crossings

Front porches and landscape

Consistent houses in good condition

New renovations on houses

Appropriate street width

Walkway through to the railroad tracks

Mature trees; lots o vegetation

Solar energy eatures on several homes

Possibilities:Not a lot o in ll opportunities

2nd story lo ts/apartments

Negatives:Sidewalks inconsistent

The Railroad Tracks

Assets:Open space

Views o the mountains

Pedestrian\Bicycle trail

Arroyo

Back gates rom homes

Possibilities:Encroachment plantings

Pull-o rail track

Monterray

Assets:Church and parking

Roundabout and park areas

Pedestrian\Bicycle trail

Local business: Aspen Motors, Rudys, BikramsYoga, and Amigo Tire.

Nearby Baca St.

Possibilities:Monterray Lane no longer needed orthrough trafc

Building and 1.2 acres or sale on Cerrillos

Llano

Assets:Backs o businesses ace the street

Wide street

Connects Hopewell to Cerillos and St.Michaels

Beaver Toyota lot

Possibilities:Aspen motors redevelopment

Negatives:Poor sidewalks

Speeding cut-through trafc

Pinon

Possibilities: Throughway to Los Palomas (currentlyblocked by A1 storage)

Hopewell

Assets:Los Palomas

Wide Street

Local Business Lunch Truck, Garcia Glass

Possibilities:Budget lot basically vacant

Vacant lot

Negatives:Parking lots given rontage on both sides o the street

East Palomas

Assets:Green space by mailboxes

Possibilities:Walking trail along drainage easement

West Palomas

Assets:

Pool and playground

Possibilities:Small shop rontage (wall by sidewalk wouldneed to be knocked down)

Live\work space

Sixth Street

Assets:6th Street Contemporary Arts (located instorage units)

Ferguson commercial building

Some residential homes

Color ul barn lo tsAccess to arroyo

Automotive Inc.

Negatives:Poorly maintained houses

Barn lo ts have weak rontage on the street

Pacheco Street: Southern Hal

Assets:Plaza de Commercio ofce park housingsmall local businesses, artists, and some state;well developed trees

Aspen Plaza ofce park housing Homewise;otherwise it is mostly Department o Labor;treed lunch court

Many small local businesses not a highretail area, more on-site locations

Generous easement/vacant lot

Arroyo


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25 Neighborhood

Possibilities:Live/work space at Plaza de Commercio

Parking at Plaza de Commercio could beredesigned to make the park higher density

Arroyo ootpath would give access to artiststudios at Plaza de Commercio

Negatives:No sidewalks on many parts o the street

Where there are sidewalks they are o poorquality

Lots o parking lot rontage

Sequoia welding yard trapped by A-1 Sel Storage

Arroyo is ronted by parking

Backs o Plaza de Commercio buildings aceronts to the west

Pacheco Street: Northern Hal

Assets:Planting strip on the sidewalk next to thesenior housing

Sa ety lane

Land adjacent to railroad tracks

Good mix

The residential section has ront yards,porches, and large lots

Beverly Spears Ofce

Possibilities:Sanchez lot wide slot o empty space on

the cornerCorner lot open at Pacheco Court

Blue Earth has an open parking lot at thestreet

Parking in ront o apartments

Land at Alta Vista corner and tracks

Negatives:No sidewalk on Pacheco in many places

Parking given street rontage/no acades onstreet

Behind apartments on the NorthernHal o Pacheco:

Assets:Solar condominiums

Courtyard complex with 10 apartments

Possibilities:Abandoned houses and land

Open lot with apartments at back

Young Park

Assets:Play area

Open space with grass and shade trees

Basketball court

Sidewalks on three sides o the park (thesouth side is the exception)

Front porches on surrounding houses createsome security or the park

Machine shop

East side has some rental units

Possibilities:Johnnys Market has outside dining potentialand in ll possibilities on the west side o thelot

Empty lots on Northwest corner

Back o Kings Rest Motel

North o Young Park

Assets:Good sidewalks

Residential houses have ront porches, rontyards, and mature trees

Some rental units

Possibilities:Empty and abandoned lots

Negatives:No connection to Brae

Navajo and North: Jay, Young, Nambe, Brae,and East Street.

No ronts on East Street

No sidewalks on East Street

The east side o Jay Street has large amilyheld lots

Jay, Young, and Brae street:Bad sidewalks

A ew empty lots

Artisitc ourishes on homes (such as lawnsculpture or hand painting)

Nambe:Extra width

No sidewalks

Empty corner lot

Nice low walls and ences

Calle de Baca:Masonry handiwork

No sidewalks

High walls


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27 Neighborhood

Built Environment Toolb

HOUSE ELEMENTSUniversal Design and Retro ts

Front porches and neighborly ront walls

Sunroo s and passive solar

Solar panels

Water Conservation assistance programs

Energy Conservation assistance programs

WORKPLACE ELEMENTSDaylighting

Natural ventilation

Outdoor break areas

Start-up and small shops

LOT ELEMENTS Tree Planting Program/ urban orchard

Gardens

Irrigation

Cash crops

Greenhouses and cold rames

Poultry/ Animal husbandry

Ponds, Cisterns, and WetlandsYardwall regulations

Composting

Xeriscape and permaculture

Greywater

HOUSING ELEMENTSHome Occupation

Second Dwelling Unit

Elderly Housing

Townhouses/ rowhouses

Courtyards and clusters

Live/ work

Bicycle apartment

STREETSCAPE ELEMENTSShade trees

Sidewalks and street urniture

Lighting

Universal Design

On- street parking

Shared parking or commercial uses

Signage

STREET NETWORK ELEMENTS Trafc Patterns and controls

New Connections, track crossing

Slow StreetsNew Plazas

Bike and Pedestrian Routes

TRANSPORTATION ELEMENTSBike in rastructure

Bus routes

Trolley

Commuter train

Car share

OPEN SPACE ELEMENTS

Plazas and Urban Spaces

Parks and routes to parks

Pocket parks

Recreation Facilities

Natural Areas and Arroyo greenbelt

Rail corridor greenbelt

Trail Systems

COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTUREXeriscape and permaculture

Water Harvesting

Stormwater in rastructure: arroyos,in ltration

Wastewater treatment: constructedwetlands, living machines

Neighborhood Energy: Solar, wind,biomass, alternative uels

District heating and cogeneration

CIVIC BUILDINGSCommunity gardens

Heath, gym, daycare , library

Community room

workshop

ZONING ELEMENTS -- DistrictsNeighborhood Conservation Distri

Transit Oriented Development

Mixed-Use Neighborhood Core

Small Business Traditional Comme

Transitional Redevelopment

ZONING ELEMENTS RegulatioForm based codes

Allowable Uses/ Encouraged Uses

Density Trans ers

The Built Environment Toolbox includes elements and design strategies that contributeto neighborhood environment. Each o these , when used by community members inappropriate ways, can increase the well-being o the neighborhood. The toolbox startswith smaller tools, or use by individuals in their houses or shops, and continues with la

design and zoning tools that would require community action to implement.Some o the elements in this list are described in the pages that ollow.


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a. How it works

Photovoltaic panels convert sunlight to

electricity.Electricity can be stored in batteries or sold tothe power company

Solar Collectors preheat domestic hot water, orbring heat directly into homes.

Collectors also store power or later use.

b. The big idea

Solar energy, like other alternative energy

sources, increases the independence o a household. Solar energy is ree, but theinitial purchase and installations can bequite expensive. The pay-o period is 5-15years. A ter that time, the only cost is minimalongoing maintenance.

Getting energy rom a variety o sourcesincreases household stability. As prices goup, or i energy supply became less reliable,an alternative energy source, even or just aportion o a households needs, would greatlyreduce the impact.

c. How to make it happen

Photovoltaic installation is regulated by Citycodes, and should be done by pro essionalplumbing contractors.

Smaller photovoltaic systems can be installedby homeowners, but systems that connect tothe main house wiring must be installed by anelectrician.

Interconnection to the power grid is regulatedby the State and by PNM.

Tax credits may be available or solar energysystems.

d. Related concepts

Passive Solar Design

Wind Energy

Biomass

Energy conservation

Break-Even Cost-The point at which the costo a photovoltaic system, (and the electricity itproduces) is equal to the cost o electricity roma traditional source plus the cost o deliveringthis electricity to the site.

Quotations and statistics

Links, local contacts, more research

NEW MEXICO SOLAR ENERGY ASSOCIATION -http://www.nmsea.org/ -The New MexicoSolar Energy Association (NMSEA) is dedicated to promoting solar energy and related

sustainable practices. Includes chapters across New Mexico:Santa Fe Chapter

Ofcial Name: Santa Fe Solar Circle

Chapter President: Miro K ovacevich, 505-217-8765, [email protected]

Chapter Vice-President: Leland Lehrman, 505-982-3609, [email protected]

Solar EnergySolar Hot Water; Photovoltaics.

The Presidents Advanced Energy Initiative and the 2007 Budget proposes a new$148 million Solar America Initiative (SAI) - an i ncrease o $65 million over the FY06budget. (U.S. Dept. o Energy)

Questions

Can I a ord the up- ront costs o solar panels? How long will it take to recoup setup costs?

Am I planning to stay in the house long enough to reap the bene ts o the investment?

Which types o solar are best or me?


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29 Neighborhood

a. How it works

Rainwater rom roo s is stored in cisterns or use

watering yards and gardens.Roo run-o is diverted in gutters anddownpipes. Cisterns can be barrels,waterproo ed concrete, or buried plastic

Even very modest rains can produce signi cantsupplies o water. More storage capacity willmake in requent rains last longer.

b. The big idea

Water conservation reduces household costs

and protects our community resources.Alternative water supplies help support moretrees and plantings, that help to shade and coolour homes, and even entire neighborhoods.

Cisterns dont have to supply all your landscapewater even one barrel will provide a signi cantsupplemental source.


Consider the size o your roo and the size ordemands o your yard and garden.

Water barrels should be located where gravity-ed hoses can reach watering areas. Buried

cisterns keep water cooler and cleaner, butusually require pumps to pull the water out.

Local programs sell cisterns at discountedprices

d. Related concepts

Water Harvesting covers many strategiesincluding cisterns, but o ten re ers to capturingruno rom the ground in ponds , swales, orgravel- lled pits.

Greywater on-site treatment and re-use o domestic wastewater rom laundry, sinks andshowers

Green roo s topsoil and plantings that makeuse o rain water right where it alls- on the roo .

Links and Local contacts

NM Water Connections: http://www.nmwaterconnections.org

Homewise Watersmart nancingSanta Fe Basin Water AssociationAndrea Streeper1440 Notorious WaySanta Fe, NM 87507Phone: 471-8526 Fax: [email protected]

Santa Fe Watershed AssociationPaige GrantPO Box 31160Santa Fe, NM 87594-1160Phone: 505-820-1696paigeg@santa ewatershed.orgwww.santa ewatershed.org

Water Cist


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a. How it works b. T he big idea

A place to work in the home is becoming avery common neighborhood element.

A room dedicated to work.

A suite with a separate entrance.

A separate building or outdoor work area.

Some people choose home occupation so theycan stay close to amily -- to care or childrenor elders, or instance. Others want to separatetheir work rom their home li e, with separatebuildings or entrances.

Home occupation adds to neighborhoodvitality.

Keeps working adults in the area duringthe day.

Extends employment to mothers, disable,and elderly people.

Supports entrepreneurs and businessincubation, including non-pro t andcommunity-bene t enterprises.

Helps support homeownership bycombining ofce costs in mortgage.

Supports amily businesses.c. How to make it happen d. Related concepts

Home occupation is regulated by city zoningcodes to minimize impacts on residential li e.

Home occupations must not attract customers,or create noise or other neighbor i mpacts.Additional parking may be required.

Number o employees.

Live-work: a dwelling with space or a moreactive business than home occupation allows(more employees, walk-in customers.)

Corner store: A neighborhood- oriented retailspace on a homeowners property. Dependson walk-in customers rather than a largeparking lot.

Home OccupationHome ofce, workshop, studio

Quotations, statistics and questions.

How many sole proprietors are thre i n the Triangle?

How can we control undesirable home occupations?

Where can home occupations move to when they grow into larger businesses?

Should home occupation be more tightly regulated, or loosened to include moreneighborhood enterprises?


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31 Neighborhood


A single- amily house can have a second,typically smaller, dwelling on the same lot.

a separate structure, such as a cottage;

attached, such as a granny at;

over a garage or workshop.

Accessory units can be or extended amily, orlive-in caretakers, or or rental income.

Homeowner must live on the property.

Accessory units can promote diversity, createa ordable housing that is integrated in thecommunity, help residents age in place,provide supplemental income to supporthomeownerships costs, accommodatehouseholds as they change or grow, supportcommunity security with residents on di erentschedules, reduce braindrain by housing adultchildren o residents.

c. How to make it happen d. Related concepts

Accessory units are permitted in mostresidential zones. Renting ?

Potential impacts on neighbors should beconsidered.

Parking, access, private outdoor space.

Older residents may need to be on a groundoor.

Neighborhoods that provide housing oreveryone who works nearby will create lesstrafc, and allow people to own ewer cars andsave money or other uses.

Tenant/ landlord relationships are o ten low-quality interactions; with accessory units they

can be much deeper caring relationships,supporting amily and community bonds.

Second Dwelling UGranny ats

Accessory unit, mother-in-law suite.


Less than hal o American households are traditional nuclear amilies.

Should more accessory units be allowed, or ewer? Should the size be controlled more, orshould larger dwellings be allowed?


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a. How it works

Typically identical houses are built in a line (or

row) and share side walls with the houses nextto them.

Row houses can be built along an entire cityblock or in smaller numbers depending onavailable space and location.

b. The big idea

Row houses are an inexpensive and space-

saving way to create a ordable, high densityhousing. Some o the best examples o Rowhouses can be ound in New York City wherethey are typically called Brownstones and inBaltimore and Philadelphia.

Rowhouses, or attached dwellingsencourage a ordability, smaller yards, andless maintenance, which in turn supportsneighborhood businesses with good density;sa er streets alive with pedestrians; densitysupports more parks.


Rowhouses are permitted in residential zones.

Developers and homeowners should be madeaware o the many bene ts o rowhouses

in terms o a ordability and increasedneighborhood density.

d. Related concepts

Duplex two separate housing units in onestructure

Townhouse has party walls on each side

Urban density the density o homes within anurban area

Rowhouse Townhouse; attached dwelling


Santa Fe Growth Management ProjectPO Box 2627Santa Fe, NM 87504Phone: 505-986-383Fax: 505-986-0339Email: [email protected]

New Mexico Chapter, American Planning Association: http://www.nmapa.org/


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33 Neighborhood

Bicycle Apartma. How it works

Housing designed or those who do not ownan automobile. A bicycle apartment is aneconomical alternative to downtown housing

which requires space or on-street or garageparking.

Tenants in bicycle apartments save moneywithout the nancial burden o car ownership.

b. The big idea

The majority o housing in America is designedwith car owners in mind. What this means iswider streets, driveways, and garages , parking

lots, or on-street parking. A bicycle apartmentsaves space and money by using underutilizedparking and street space or more living space,commercial space, or community space.

Bicycle apartments increase density, whichhelps create sa er and more sustainableneighborhoods. They also keep young peoplewho cannot a ord an automobile in thecommunity.


Zoning should be changed to accommodatehigher density and mixed uses.

A bicycle apartment is an un amiliar conceptto most developers. Ma rketing this idea todevelopers as a more efcient use o space and

savings on in rastructure is essential.Costs or parking and wider roads can bediverted to create more pleasant public spaces,shade trees, and gardens in the community.

d. Related concepts

Bike and Pedestrian Network see card

Transit-Oriented Development see card

Slow Streets see card

Community Gardens see card

Connectivity see card


National Center or Bi cycling and Walking (http://www.bikewalk.org/)

The Active Living Resource Center (http://www.activelivingresources.org/)

HEALTH AND COMMUNITY DESIGN: THE IMPACT OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMACTIVITY. by Lawrence D. Frank, Peter O. Engelke, and Thomas L. Schmid; Island PWashington, DC, 2003; 253 pp. (ISBN 1-55963-917-2)


Number one strategy or reducing inactivity-related diseases: shi ting rom auto trips towalking and bicycling [Centers or Disease Control]

Cyclists who ride sober, with the ow o trafc, using lights at night, are 99.999% likely tosurvive their rides [John Hopkins]

Trimming one vehicle rom your household, saves you $340/month [City o Seattle]

Parking Costs: Cost to purchase and install one bike parking rack: $150. Number o bikes that can be parked in one car parki ng space in paved lot: 6 20. Estimated cost o constructing one car parking space i n a paved lot: $2,200. Estimated cost o constructingone car parking space in a garage: $12,500 -[Seattle Bicycle & Pedestrian Program]


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Street Trees

a. How it works

Simply planting trees along any street can

per orm many unctions:-Creates bu er between trafc and the sidewalk

-Increases shade which decreases temperature

-Supports local wildli e

-Calms trafc by tightening streets

-Mitigates pollution and runo

-Increases property values

b. The big idea

Urban landscapes to not have to be devoid

o plant and animal li e, and street trees area simple way to create cleaner, more livablecommunities.


Group planting by a local community group orby the city.

An important consideration is caring or andwatering trees or the initial startup years andselecting an appropriate species o tree is vitalto the success o such programs.

d. Related concepts

Slow Commercial Street see card

Open Space see card

Pocket Parks see card

Urban Ecology an urban environment cansustain a natural ecosystem


Nature Conservancy

212 E Marcy St # 200Santa Fe, NM 87501

(505) 988-3867

Trust or Public Land

New Mexico State Ofce1600 Lena St., Ste. CSanta Fe, NM 87505505-988-5922


A report by the city o Boulder, CO considered how city trees improve everything romquality o li e to home values to in rastructure. For instance, citywide, an average tree

soaks up about 1,271 gallons o stormwater annually, saving the city more than $500,000in in rastructure costs The analysis also showed each tree in Boulder is worth about $5toward energy savings - about $175,000 citywide. How so? Just by doing what trees do,such as creating shade, oresters say.


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35 Neighborhood

Shared Park

a. How it works

Parking used or multiple, complimentary uses

to reduce the overall number o necessaryparking spaces in a community.

Common combinations include ofce/ restaurant and commercial/residential parkingwhich allow people to park once while makingmultiple trips.

Shared parking saves space, which in turnreduces initial development and upkeep costso residential or business centers.

b. The big idea

A great deal o space is wasted on parking due

to antiquated and awed building and zoningrequirements that assume every business andresidence must provide more parking than isnecessary (or ever ully utilized).

Shared parking reduces excessive waste o open space and land that could be better used

or a variety o other purposes by assessingthe parking requirements or an area (not justone business or residence) and providing anappropriate number o parking spaces.


Shared parking typically requires policychanges on the city level, but it can also easilybe implemented by agreements betweendevelopers and land owners.

Some o the best examples o shared parkinguse public parking acilities located withinwalking distance o clustered development.

d. Related concepts


Urban Heat Island higher temperatures inurban and suburban areas resulting romexcessive paving and little-to-no vegetation.

Mixed Use see card


Park Once - the concept that multiple trips canbe completed by parking once and walkingbetween shops, rather than moving your cara ter every stop.

Clustered Development - Clustering manyservices in close proximity so that individualscan park once and use all available services.


Urban Land Institute ULI.org

Environmental Protection Agencys (EPA) Heat Island Reduction Initiative (HIRI) - httpepa.gov/hiri/

Childs, Mark. Parking Spaces: A Design, Implementation, and Use Manual or ArchitePlanners, and Engineers. M cGraw Hill, 1999.


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A shared street is a space where pedestrians,automobiles and even playing children can mixsa ely. Sidewalk and road are combined in asu ace that is pedestrian priority, and typicallyincludes obstacles to easy through trafc.

Physical design elements like bulb-outs, treeislands, and narrow travel lanes.

Local behavior, like driving slowly, and activeuse o the street.

Signage and education or outside drivers.

Historically, streets served many di erentpurposes simultaneously. In the automobileera, cars have taken ull priority over other userso streets. Reclaiming streets redistributes useo a public asset to people without cars, and toactivities besides transportation.

Reclaimed streets, together with parks andother public places, support a ordable housingby making smaller houses and apartmentsmore livable.

Children who can move independently in aneighborhood are less at risk or obesity andmental health disorders.

Active use o the street adds to in ormalsecurity.

c. How to make it happen d. Related concepts

Some streets may carry too much trafc to beconverted success ully.

Neighbors must work to create desired design.

Fire departments will have requirements,including through lanes and staging areas.

Count the number o on-street parking spacesyour street needs.

Consider agreements with adjacentneighborhoods to respect eachothers slowstreets.

Yield street: a street so narrow that parked carsmust be staggered, and drivers must yield tooncoming trafc.

Road space reallocation: giving more spaceto pedestrians, bicycles and alternativetransportation.

Street reclaiming: Converting a street rom asingle-use automobile priority zone to manylocal community uses.

Walkability.


Timothy Beatley, Green Urbanism; Learning rom European Cities , Island Press, 2000.

Street Reclaiming: Encouraging Community Interaction on Neighborhood Streets. TDM

Encyclopedia, Victoria Transport Policy I nstitute. http://www.vtpi.org/tdm/tdm30.htm

Shared StreetWooner , lane


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37 Neighborhood

a. How it works

A slow commercial street provides sa eshared access to shops, restaurants, and otherbusinesses or pedestrians, cyclists, and carsto create a vibrant commercial area and makepublic streets sa e and attractive places or avariety o activities.

Slow Commercial streets include bike lanes, on-street parking, wide sidewalks, shade trees, andpublic benches.

b. The big idea

A street should be a sa e and welcoming placeor people to walk along, shop, and take part in

the community.

A slow commercial street is a type o streettreatment that emphasizes access to localbusinesses and equality o all orms o transportation.


Merchants association and city mustcoordinate to slow a commercial street.

Through trafc should be maintained, justslower.

On-street parking and requent stop signs orlights are important to slow trafc and ensurepedestrian sa ety.

d. Related concepts

Eyes on the street originally coined byJane Jacobs to describe the increased sa etyassociated with more people and activities oncity streets.

TOD (Transit Oriented Development) see card

Shared Street see card

Street Trees see card

Slow Commercial Str


How many lanes o through trafc a re necessary?

Are there enough active store ronts to support pedestrian activity?

Is the street well-connected to residential areas and to alternate transportation?

Links, Local Contacts, More Research:

Congress or the New Urbanism, CNU.org.


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Bike and Pedestrian Network

Bike and Pedestrian Network

a. How it worksA bicycle and pedestrian network is a systemo routes including sidewalks, streets, trails, anddedicated bike lanes.

A network supports recreational, shopping, andcommuting trips and is characterized by sa e aand redundant routes.

b. The big ideaWalking and cycling is a simple, healthy anda ordable transportation alternative to costlyand polluting automobiles.

A bike and pedestrian network is designed sothat all trips can easily and efciently start andend on oot or via bicycle. I t makes walkingand bicycling a viable alternative to driving and:

-creates routes to and rom destinations

-makes routes sa er and more convenient

-makes bicycling and walking more enjoyable


Call or city action to create better, well-connected sidewalks, bikeways, and multi-usepaths.Identi y and mark possible routes, improvesur aces, ramps, trafc crossings, landscaping,lighting, and restripping roadways.

d. Related concepts


Slow Streets see card Transit Oriented Development see card


60% o Americans lead completely sedentary li estyles, and 40% are clinically overweight(1998 report o the American Medical Association)

About 40% o all trips are shorter than 2 miles - a 10-minute bike ride or a 30-minute walk (1995 NPTS)40% o U.S. adults say they would commute by bike i sa e acilities were available (1995Rodale Press Poll)

A short, our-mile round trip by bicycle keeps about 15 pounds o pollutants out o the airwe breathe. (WorldWatch Institute)

The cost o operating a car or one year is approximately $5,170 (AAA Mid-Atlantic)

The cost o operating a bicycle or a year is only $120 (League o American Bicyclists).

Are there any examples o existing or partial bicycle and pedestrian networks in yourneighborhood?

How many trips do you make to destinations that are near enough to walk to but lack sa e,direct and pleasant bicycle or pedestrian routes?


Bicycle Coalition o New Mexico BikeNM.org

New Mexico Department o Transportation - http://nmshtd.state.nm.us/ Walkingin o.org


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39 Neighborhood

Bike

a. How it works

Housing designed or those who do not ownan automobile. A bicycle apartment is aneconomical alternative to downtown housingwhich requires space or on-street or garageparking.

Tenants in bicycle apartments save moneywithout the nancial burden o car ownership.

b. The big idea

The majority o housing in America is designedwith car owners in mind. What this means iswider streets, driveways, and garages , parkinglots, or on-street parking. A bicycle apartmentsaves space and money by using underutilizedparking and street space or more living space,commercial space, or community space.

Bicycle apartments increase density, whichhelps create sa er and more sustainableneighborhoods. They also keep young peoplewho cannot a ord an automobile in thecommunity.


Zoning should be changed to accommodatehigher density and mixed uses.

A bicycle apartment is an un amiliar conceptto most developers. Ma rketing this idea todevelopers as a more efcient use o space andsavings on in rastructure is essential.

Identi y and utilize existing paths and spaces aspossible routes or bike paths.

d. Related concepts


Bicycle Apartment see card




Bicycle Coalition o New Mexico (bikenm.

org)New Mexico Cycling (nmcycling.org)

New Mexico Touring Society (http://www.swcp.com/~nmts/)

New Mexico State Bicycle and PeCoordinator

Web: www.nmshtd.state.nm.us/ Tim RogersNM Department o TransportationPO Box 1149Santa Fe NM 87504-1149(505) 827-0050E-mail: [email protected]


Bicyclingin o.org acts, gures, articles, links and a bikeability checklist to rate how

bikeable your community is.Activetransportation.org A site dedicated to active orms o transportation such as walkingand bicycling.


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Commuter Train

a. How it works

Walking, driving or taking the bus to ahigh-speed train that rapidly, efciently, andeconomically transports you to and rom work every day.

Commuter trains can connect centers withina city or multiple cities together, and o ten

join together with local existing bus, rail, orsubway lines at transit hubs to create completetransportation networks.

b. The big idea

A high-speed, environmentally riendly andeconomical train that replaces your car orcommuting daily to and rom work.

Commuter trains reduce congestion andcommute times by allowing individuals to park and ride, or walk, cycle or take the bus to thetrain station that will then take them to work.

Commuting by train also allows people to work,read, nap, or socialize during a commute thatwould normally be spent alone in a car.


Most transit dollars in the US go to newreeway construction, or road and reeway

repair, by voting or public transportationinitiatives, these resources can be better appliedto healthier, sa er, and cheaper modes o transitlike the commuter train.

d. Related concepts

bike station bikestation.org a supervisedparking and service center or bicyclecommuters usually located within transitterminals


Multi-Modal Transit see card


Interstate trafc in New Mexico increased by 41% rom 1991 to 2001 (American I ndicatorscompiled by The Progressive Review)

A New Train network is the most e ective way to curb sprawl, and goes hand in handwith smart growth, creating livable communities, economic sustainability, environmentalprotection, human rights, and sustainable community design. When planned togetherwith compact, walkable orms o development, trains solve many serious problems acingsociety. -NewUrbanism.org


New Mexico Rail Runner (http://www.mrcog-nm.gov/Rail_Runner.htm)


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41 Neighborhood

Car

a. How it works

A single car can serve the transportation needso many within a community; when one personleaves a car parked while they are at work,someone else can use It to run errands.

Car share programs allow those who do notown a car to use one occasionally withouthaving to either own or rent it.

b. The big idea

Car ownership is expensive , and the more carson the roads, the more trafc and pollution inthe community. Car sharing mitigates many o these problems by making it possible or thosewho may only use a car in requently to shareone rather than own their own.


Car sharing programs can be small-scaleactivities among a ew riends and neighbors oras a city-wide program.

d. Related concepts

Location Efcient Mortgage mortgagesadjusted depending on home location andwalk/bikeability as opposed to car-dependence

Multi-Modal Transit see card


The day will come when the notion o car ownership becomes antiquated. I you live in a

city, you dont need to own a car. -William Clay Ford Jr., CEO, Ford Motor Company Ltd.In the United States, car ownership is the second largest household expense (According tothe Department o Labors Bureau o R esearch and Statistics).

The number o vehicles in the US has increased at an annual rate o almost one and one-hal times that o the total population since the late 1960s. (National Personal TransportationSurvey, 1995)


City Carshare (http://www.citycarshare.org/)

CarSharing Network (http://www.carsharing.net/)New Mexico Carpool Ride Share (http://www.carpoolworld.com/carpool_list_cities.html?country_code=USA,US&country_name=UNITED_STATES&state_code=NM)


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a. How it works

Unused railway lines, arroyos, ormerland ll sites, and unused agricultural land istrans ormed by the community into a smallpark.

Pocket parks beauti y the neighborhoodand create a pleasant community space thatcan connect to bike and pedestrian paths,greenbelts, or other larger parks.

b. The big idea

A pocket park is an open space within thecommunity, owned and managed by thecommunity and is accessible to the entirecommunity.

They provide open spaces or activities, as wellas protect the local wildli e and landscape.


Any unused or underutilized land in aneighborhood can become a pocket park. Themost success ul pocket parks use local plantsand landscaping.

Questions o ownership and land managementmust be addressed when selecting a site.

Soil and water standards must also beconsidered i any portion o the park is to beused or growing ruits and vegetables.

d. Related concepts



Open Space publicly accessible land that isnot built on

Greenbelts long belts o undeveloped publicland surrounding or running through an urbanarea


Trust or Public Land (http://www.tpl.org/)

New Mexico State Ofce418 Montezuma Ave.Santa Fe, NM 87501505-988-5922

City o Santa Fe Ordnance No. 2003.35

Pocket Park


- People living in areas with ew outdoor recreation acilities were more likely to beoverweight (Catlin, 2003).

- Children (especially boys) who walked to school were more physically active therest o the day than those who were driven (Cooper, 2003).

- Older women living within walking distance o stores, trails or parks hadsigni cantly higher pedometer ratings than women who did not. The moredestinations that were nearby, the more these women wa lked (King, 2003).

*From: Public Health and Open Space. By: Betsy Severson (http://depts.washington.edu/open2100/Resources/5_New%20Research/public_health.pd )


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43 Neighborhood

District Hea

a. How it works

A central boiler provides heat to a group o buildings, usually though piped hot water orsteam.

A central boiler can be much more efcientthan many small boilers.

District heat can be combined withcogeneration, making electricity rom a steamturbine powered by the same boiler.

b. The big idea

District heating supports a ordable housingand business spaces by reducing utility costs,and eliminating purchase and maintenance o individual boilers.

Several alternative heat sources can contributeheat to the system, increasing the resilience o the system as uel supplies and prices change.

District heating works well with renewablesources such as biomass, solar, and geothermal.

District heating can give a community thebuying power to make use o alternativesystems that are more e ective at a larger-than-household size.


District heat is easer in new construction, butcan be retro tted to an existing district.

Consider the energy needs o the buildings to

be supplied, and look at the times o day thateach requires peak supply. Mixing residentialand commercial can balance peak

d. Related concepts

Biomass the use o organic materials or uel

Geothermal energy in the orm o heat romwithin the earth

Cogeneration: Cogeneration is thesimultaneous production o heat and powerin a single thermodynamic process. Almostall cogeneration utilizes hot air and steam orthe process uid, although certain types o uelcells also cogenerate.

(-http://www.energy.rochester.edu/)

Community utilities locally owned utility


A recent census by the Department o Energy ound more than 30,000 district heatingsystems in the United States and there are thousands more throughout the world.(http:// www.energy.rochester.edu/)



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A shared plot o land where members o the

community work together to grow ruits,vegetables, and herbs. The garden alsobeauti es a neighborhood and allows thosewho do not have enough space or a garden attheir own home to cultivate their own plot.

The garden brings community memberstogether and provides an educationalexperience or neighborhood children.

Any additional crops produced at the gardenand not used by the community can be sold at

armers markets to help sustain the garden.

Local ood production makes a community

sustainable because the community isno longer as dependent on outside oodsources.

Gardens also create healthier communitiesby providing inexpensive and readilyaccessible resh ruits and vegetables.

Community Gardens are based on acooperative model.


All a community garden requires is a suitableplot o land with adequate soil and water,and a ew people to cultivate it. In somecommunities this requires a lease agreementand a committee, in others only a group o neighbors and an abandoned lot.

d. Related concepts

Irrigation to supply diverted water via pipes,ditches, etc

Cisterns see card

Compost using household organic waste asertilizer or gardening

Greenhouses a glass structure or growingplants

Links, local contacts, more research:

Trust or Public Land

New Mexico State Ofce1600 Lena St., Ste. CSanta Fe, NM 87505505-988-5922

Community Gardens


A study o a Chicago public housing development by University o Illinois researchersFrances E. Kuo and William C. Sullivan has ound that apartment buildings surrounded bytrees and greenery are dramatically sa er than buildings devoid o green. The greener thesurroundings, the ewer crimes occur against people and property.

In Santa Cruz, CA the Homeless Garden Project raises vegetables, herbs and owers on3.5 acres. Daily, 25 garden workers eat lunch reshly made rom the gardens produce.

The remaining vegetables are sold wholesale, distributed to their community supportedagriculture (CSA) subscribers, and donated to a soup kitchen and an AIDS project. Theirestimated annual income rom all sales, including dried ower wreaths and other cra ts aswell as resh produce, is $26,000.

-Urban Agriculture and Community Food Security in the United States:Farming rom the City Center to the Urban Fringe Prepared by the UrbanAgriculture Committee o the CFSC, February, 2002


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45 Neighborhood

a. How it works

Development built or pedestrians, publictransit, and bicycling provides people moretransportation options, increased density, andsa er, less polluted communities.

Residential, commercial, and public spaces areconstructed within walkable distance to publictransportation.

Building or pedestrians means density (shortertrip distances) sa ety (more and wider sidewalksand crosswalks) and efciency (making walkingand public transit aster and more economicalthan automobiles).

b. The big idea

Most development in the US has been builtor the automobile., but with rising uel prices,

pollution levels, and expanding sprawl, this typeo development has proven unsuccess ul.

TOD ocuses on building communities orpedestrians as well as making them well-connected to public transportation.

Connectivity and walkability decreasedependence on automobiles and ossil uels,as well as preserves open spaces aroundand within cities. And ewer cars mean lesspollution and ewer trafc accidents.


TODs usually require the cooperation o thecity, the landowners, the transit authority, theneighborhood and developers.

TODs must consider public bene ts to besuccess ul. Neighborhood and business groupsmust be actively involved to de ne local needs.

d. Related concepts

Multi-Modal Transport see card


Walkability ability to sa ely and efciently walk in a given areaMixed-Use Neighborhood Core combiningresidential, business, and commercial uses inneighborhood centers.

Transit-Oriented Developmen


New Mexico Rail Runner Express - http://www.nmrailrunner.com/

New Mexico Department o Transportation - http://www.nmshtd.state.nm.us/ Transportation Equity Act or the 21 st Century - http://www. hwa.dot.gov/tea21/

Intermodal Sur ace Transportation Efciency Act o 1991 - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/ste.

Center or Tranist oriented Development, C TOD.org

Congress or the New Urbanism, CNU.org


Will a TOD increase liveability and a ordability in the surrounding neighborhood?

Does TOD have a positive a ect on the local economy?


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Mixed Use Neighborhood Core

a. How it works

Neighborhood centers become sa e and livelyplaces when people can live, work, and shop inthe same place.

Typical mixed-use development consists o retail/business on the rst oor o a building,and the upper oor(s) are residential units.

Mixed-use is not limited to single buildings;o ten mixed use neighborhoods simply allowmany land uses in close proximity.

b. The big idea

Mixed Use neighborhoods are one componento creating sustainable neighborhoods arounda center which provides most daily needs orresidents.

Mixed Use means convenience as well as sa ety;by ostering active neighborhood centers, thepresence o people and businesses (or eyes onthe street at all hours) decreases crime.


Development should be guided and directedby the community so support mixed useneighborhoods.

Zoning laws must be changed to supportmultiple uses and greater density to improvewalkability.

d. Related concepts

Multi-Modal Transport see card


Walkability - ability to sa ely and efciently walk in a given area

Eyes on the Street - originally coined byJane Jacobs to describe the i ncreased sa etyassociated with more people and activities on

city streets. Transit Oriented Development see card


Santa Fe County Land Use Department

P.O. Box 276102 Grant AvenueSanta Fe, NM 87504-0276Phone: 505-986-6225Fax: 505-986-6389


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47 Neighborhood

Multi-modal Transit H

a. How it works

Connecting di erent types (multiple modes) o transportation to acilitate simple and efcientmovement between modes and around a city.Walking, riding a bicycle, or driving to a trainor bus station, and taking that to your naldestination should and can be a simple, ast,and economical process.

b. The big idea

Transit hubs and well-connected street systemsallow multiple transit modes to come togetherand provide transportation options that are

aster and more efcient than sitting i n trafcand spending money on gas.

Multi-modal transit works downtown and insuburbs; downtown people can easily walk tobus stations, or ride bicycles to the train station,and in suburbs park and ride lots can connectdrivers to bus and train networks that will takethem to jobs in town.


Transit-oriented development (TOD) acilitatesa physical in rastructure to support multi-modaltransit.

By designing and building or other types o transportation (both public and personal) aneighborhood becomes a more pedestrian-

riendly and livable place.

d. Related concepts


Bike and Pedestrian Streets see card

Transit Hubs centers where one or manyorms o transit meet to acilitate connections

and trans ers

Park and Ride locations where commuters canpark their car and then board public transit

Commuter Train see card



New Mexico Department o Transportation Statewide Multi-modal TransportationPlan 2025 (http://nmshtd.state.nm.us/upload/images/Long_Range_Planning_Section/ GuidingPrinciples/Ful llingNMDOTs_GuidingPrinciples.pd )

National Transit I nstitute (http://www.ntionline.com/) Transportation Equity Act or the 21st Century ( TEA-21)

The Intermodal Sur ace Transportation Efciency Act o 1991 (ISTEA)

New Mexico Rail Runner (http://www.mrcog-nm.gov/Rail_Runner.htm)


-T ransit investment has double the economic bene t to a city than does highwayinvestment.

-T ransit can enable a city to use market orces to increase densities near stations,where most services are l ocated, thus creating more efcient subcenters and

minimizing sprawl.-T ransit enables a city to be more corridor-oriented, making it easier to provide

in rastructure.

-T ransit enhances the overall economic efciency o a city; denser cities with less caruse and more transit use spend a lower proportion o their gross regional productor wealth on passenger transportation. - Taken rom Sustainability and Cities , byNewman & Kenworthy.


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Form-Based Codes

a. How it works

To preserve a neighborhood or communityscharacter and allow or mixed use d evelopment,

orm-based zoning ocuses on regulating thephysical elements o buildings in the area.

In contrast, conventional zoning can bedescribed as use based zoning ocusing onthe use o land and providing very little (i any)regulations concerning the style, size, andcharacter o structures and development.

b. The big idea

Form based zoning is based on the idea thatthe de ning characteristics o any community

are its physical orm, and that traditional usebased zoning osters unhealthy development.

By regulating orm and not unction throughzoning, suburbs, strip-malls, and sprawl canbe reduced or eliminated because a physicalseparation o uses is not mandated by law.


A cohesive community vision is essential todetermine speci c orm based codes.

These codes can then be applied within thecommunity and direct new development orredevelopment.

d. Related concepts

Mixed-Use Neighborhood Core see card


Walkability - ability to sa ely and efciently walk in a given area


The Smart Growth Network; www.smartgrowth.org.

Smart Code: http://www.placemakers.com/in o/smartcode.htmlSanta Fe County Land Use Department

P.O. Box 276102 Grant AvenueSanta Fe, NM 87504-0276Phone: 505-986-6225


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49 Neighborhood

The Economic Toolbox ocuses on the economy o the community. This toolbox containsvery little in ormation on existing programs that can be immediately used by businessesand households (which can be ound respectively in the Business Toolbox and theHousehold Economics Toolbox) and is oriented toward the creation o new institutions inthe Triangle. Community institutions are important because they can be used to manage

the ways that the our actors o production labor, capital, land, and entrepreneurship areemployed in the local area. The tools collected here are designed to reorient these ouractors toward local households and small independent businesses, both o which must be

at the heart o any economic development initiative in the Triangle.

The institutions described in this toolbox reorient the actors o production toward localeconomic development by virtue o two characteristics: (1) they are structured to increasethe opportunity and decrease the risk or local residents and businesses to gain access toresources and (2) they must be created and managed by community members. We believethat economic development should not jeopardize the character o local neighborhoodsor be detrimental to residents quality o li e and that the best way to ensure that economicdevelopment actually bene ts the community is to give local residents and businessowners control over local resources.

Work orce DevelopmentWork orce development is a undamental component o most economic developmentstrategies because a skilled work orce is necessary or business growth and is associatedwith higher productivity and higher wages. The concern here is with institutions that

can urther work orce development in the Triangle. However, because there are already aplethora o non-pro t and government institutions and organizations providing work orcedevelopment services in Santa Fe, we suggest ounding a resource center to channelthese programs into the Triangle and make them more accessible to local residents andbusinesses (see below). Existing work orce development programs or businesses are listedin the Business Toolbox while those or individ uals are listed in the Household Economics

Toolbox.

Community Resource Center (CRC)

o A community resource center consolidates all in ormation on l ocal work orcedevelopment and entrepreneurial development resources in one location.

o Maintains a library o resources that is available to the residential and businesscommunity, has sta that provides re erences to programs when requested,provides the initial orms and applications needed to apply to various work orcedevelopment programs, eatures con erence space where community memberscan meet with sta rom work orce development serv ice providers, and contains aclassroom/training space or in-house work orce development training.

o Develop a wide range o partnerships with organizations involved in work orce/ entrepreneurial development in Santa Fe and help channel their services into the

Triangle.

o Gathers input rom community members and acilitates better coordination o partner programs with the needs/desires o local residents and business persons.

o A CRC in the Triangle could serve a wide array o purposes and need not berestricted to work orce development. A current proposal or a Triangle CRCdeveloped by the Triangle District Project Group also includes an immigrantresource center, city hall services, and support or community events, groups,associations, and institutions.

Local Community Resource Centers

o The Santa Fe One-Stop Career Center consolidates in ormation on local workdevelopment resources. The One-Stop Career Center is located at 301 WestDevargas and can be reached at 505-827-7434.

Funding and Assistance

o The sources o unding or a community resource center will largely dependspeci c unctions o the center.

Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs)Community development nancial institutions are designed to provide local businessesand residents with access to nancial services at rates and quantities more avorable thathose provided by conventional lenders. Because they are controlled largely by commumembers, CDFIs are more likely to engage in lending that contributes to the long-termhealth o the community rather than the short-term pro ts o the institution. This a pproto nance centers on making sure everyone in the community has access to capital and iprovided with the counseling and assistance needed to use it best. By o ering consumebanking services CDFIs also give residents a way to make sure that their savings arereinvested in the community helping to build and grow local businesses and serve thehousing needs o local residents.

Community Development Banks

o Engage in lending and investment to small businesses, nonpro t communityorganizations, and housing developers.

o Funded by member deposits.

o Although they are organized as or-pro t corporations, community memberson the corporate board and should make up the majority o stockholders.

o Provide mortgage nancing, home improvement, commercial business, nonprand student loans. O er consumer banking services.

Community Credit Unions

o Provide a ordable credit and retail nancial services to credit union memberspromote savings and ownership o assets in the community.

o Financed by deposits and unds rom social investors.

o Nonpro t co-operative owned and operated by credit union memberso O er savings account, check cashing, personal loans, and home rehabilitation

loans (consumer banking services)

Economic Toolb


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o Members have access to credit counseling and business planning

Community Development Loan Funds

o Provide loans to small businesses, nonpro t community organizations, and socialservice providers.

o Aggregate below market rate investments rom oundations, corporations, banks,government unds, and individuals.

o Nonpro t in which community borrowers and investors serve on the board and onloan committees.

o Finance housing construction and pre-development as well as business start-upand expansion. Provide acilities loans.

o Borrowers receive comprehensive guidance throughout the loan

transaction process.

Community Development Venture Capital Fundso Create jobs and entrepreneurial capacity by providing equity and debt with equity

eatures to small businesses.

o Funded by investments rom oundations, individuals, corporations, andgovernment.

o Can be either or pro t or nonpro t with varied community representation.

o Finance commercial equity investments and loans with equity eatures.

o Port olio businesses receive extensive technical assistance.

Microenterprise Development Loan Funds

o Provide loans and technical assistance to very small businesses and sel -employedindividuals.

o Funded by oundations and government.

o Nonpro t in which borrower groups make lending decisions (peer lending).

o O er start-up and expansion loans to very small businesses.

o Borrowers receive training and technical assistance in business development.

Local CDFIso The Santa Fe Small Business Community Loan Fund, headquartered in

Albuquerque, provides loans to small businesses in Santa Fe (866-873-6746 www.nmcdl .org/ s oans.htm).

o ACCION New Mexico provides loans to small independently owned businesses(800-508-7624; www.accionnm.org)

o Womens Economic Sel -Sufciency Team Corp (WESST) provides microloans,as well as business consulting and training, to women and minority ownedbusinesses. Service ees are determined on a sliding scale that is correlated to

income. WESST Corp. consultants work with loan recipients throughout the loanprocess. (505-474-6556; http://wesst.org)

o Santa Fe Community Housing Trust o ers a reverse mortgage program or theterminally ill, administers a homebuyer education program, and provides so tsecond mortgages and down-payment assi stance to rst-time homebuyers. (505-

989-3960; www.santa ecommunityhousingtrust.com)o Homewise Inc. provides homeowners with low interest loans or home

maintenance, o ers classes in homebuyer education, nancial tness, andhome repair, operates a comprehensive Home Purchase Program that provideshomebuyer counseling, a personal real estate agent, and access to below marketrate interest loans (including so t second mortgages), and o ers a land to homebuilder program in which people who own vacant land are assisted in building areduced cost home. (505-983-6214; www.homewise.org)

o Native American Lending Group, Inc. (NALG) provides l oans, technical assistanceand on-site, one-on-one trainings to Native American owned businesses. NALGsservices include individual counseling, group workshops and re errals to othertechnical-assistance organizations. (505-345-2985; [email protected])

o There are many credit unions located in Santa Fe, including Guadalupe CreditUnion, Del Norte Credit Union, Permaculture Credit Union, State Employees CreditUnion, and Northern New Mexico School Credit Union.


o CDFIs can receive ederal unding and assistance by registering with the U.S.Department o the Treasurys CDFI Fund. (202-622-8662; www.cd und.gov)

o CDFIs that provide small independent businesses with equity, venture capitalor loans may be eligible to receive unds at avorable rates rom the FederalGovernment by registering as Small Business Investment Companys (SBICs) withthe New Mexico Small Business Administration. (505-346-7909; www.sba.gov/nm/

nancing.html)

o Nonpro t CDFIs that provide very small loans to small independent businessesmay receive unds rom the MicroLoan Program administered by the New MexicoSmall Business Administration. Loans must be under $25,000 with an average loansize o $10,000 to be considered microloans. (505-346-7909; www.sba.gov/nm/

nancing.html)

o The National Community Capital Association provides nancing, training,counseling, and in ormation services or all o the above types o CDFIs. (215-923-4754; www.communitycapital.org)

o The National Cooperative Bank o ers unding, in ormation services, and counselingto credit unions. (510-496-2200; www.ncb.coop)


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51 Neighborhood

Community Development Institutions (CDIs)While CDFIs o er the community a way to control nance in the local economy, communitydevelopment institutions provide a way to manage land and labor. CDIs lease, manage,and/or develop residential and commercial property with the aim o creating jobs andproviding local residents and business owners with a ordable properties.

Community Land Trusts (CLTs)

o Enables local control o area land and resources and provides a ordable propertiesor homeowners, tenants, and businesses.

o Operate by buying land in the community and leasing it to residents andbusinesses at below market rates.

o Organized as a non-pro t managed by a member elected board o directors. There are three kinds o directors on the board, each representing a d i erentinterest in the community. The rst type represents people living or work ing onCLT properties, the second represents non-resident trust members, and the thirdrepresents the community at large. In addition, members are split into two votinggroups: people who live on CLT properties and non-tenant community members.

o Land trusts usually use a long-term lease (the unofcial standard is 99 years)and restrict the deeds on properties so that: (1) the holder o the deed mustlive or work on the property and (2) the land must be sold back to the CLT at apredetermined resale ormula.

o Each CLT has a di erent ormula dividing the principal payments, down payments,and accumulated equity between the trust and the seller, but the goal o eachresale ormula is the same: to provide the seller with a pro t and allow the trust topreserve a ordable prices or uture residents.

o Land trusts capture the equity gain on property by taking it out o the market. Byaccumulating the increase in the money value o the land over time, the trust isable to build up capital reserves that can be used to purchase more land. The trustalso has the option o using its equity as collateral or loans.

o CLTs can buy either undeveloped land and plan to build on it or buy land withexisting buildings. They are also capable o managing a building as rental housingor retail space.

Community Development Corporations (CDCs)

o Primarily used to create housing and jobs by developing retail, commercial, andresidential property. Also capable o providing social services and neighborhoodplanning.

o

Organized as an incorporated non-pro t.o A large percentage o shareholders must live in the community. Community

residents and business owners should constitute a majority on the corporateboard.

o Initial unding comes rom oundations, individuals, and government. CDCs arecapable o generating revenue and becoming nancially sel -sustaining in time.

o A ree guide or developing a CDC is available rom the National CongressCommunity Economic Development at www.ncced.org /mycdc.htm

Social Enterpriseo The British Government de nes social enterprise as businesses with prima

social objectives whose surpluses arereinvested or that purpose in the busor in the community, rather than being driven to maximise pro t or shareholand owners. Social enterprises tackle a wide range o social and environmenissues and operate in every sector o the economy.

o Can be organized as a non-pro t or or-pro t and vary in the degree o commownership and participation.

o Community Development Corporations o ten orm social enterprises (sometcalled social purpose enterprises) to either help nance community developminitiatives or deliver services to the community.

o Social enterprises can work in a broad range o issues economic developmeeducation, the environment, health care, domestic abuse, etc.

o The majority o social enterprises work to create jobs or or provide trainingpeople that are traditionally discriminated against in the labor market ormeprisoners, women, ethnic minorities, the disabled, etc.

Local CDIs

o The Sawmill Community Land Trust in Albuquerque is currently working on acre community revitalization project with an emphasis on providing housinglow and moderate income ami lies. (505-764-0359; www.sawmillclt.org)

o The Santa Fe Railyard Community Corporation intends to create an inviting space or recreational, social, artistic, and commercial activities in the Santa railyard (505-982-3373; www.s railyardcc.org).

o The Northwest New Mexico Community Development Corporation ocuses expanding unding available or business nancing, housing, in rastructureother community development needs in McKinley, Cibola, and San Juan Cou(www.epcog.org/nw/nw_com.htm).

o There are many other CDCs in New Mexico. A ew examples include the Taos County Economic Development Corporation, the Laguna DevelopmentCorporation, and the Grater Espanola Valley Community DevelopmentCorporation.

Funding and Assistanceo

Community development institutions can receive ederal unds and assistancby registering with the U.S. Department o Housing and Urban DevelopmentCommunity Housing Development Organization (CDHO) or by entering intoSel -help Ownership Opportunity Program (SHOP). (http://www.hud.gov/ofcpd/a ordablehousing/programs/index.c m)

o The Institute or Community Economics (ICE) o ers technical assistance to Cmanages a loan und or community organizations, and has developed a nati


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network o land trusts. ICE also produces a number o books on how to start andmanage a CLT. These a re available at the ICE website. (413-746-8660; www.iceclt.org)

o The Administration or Children and Families Urban and Rural EconomicDevelopment program awards grants to CDCs (contact Debbie Brown 202-401-

3446; http://www.ac .hhs.gov/programs/ bci/progs/ bci_ced.html)o The Local Initiatives Support Corporation o ers nancing and technical assistance

to CDCs. (212-455-9800; www.lisc.org)

o Wall Street without walls o ers nancing a nd technical assistance to CDCs. (www.wallstreetwithoutwalls.com)

o The National Congress or Community Economic Development (NCCED) providesin ormation and limited assistance services to CDCs. The NCCED also sells anumber o guides on-line that address starting and managing a CDC. (202-289-9020; www.ncced.org)

o The Enterprise Foundation provides assistance in nding and applying orcommunity development unding. (995-0658; www.enterprise oundation.org)

Collaborative Business ModelsWhen people collaborate to start a business they combine their resources and skills; givingthe business a more solid nancial base than any one person could muster and makingeach persons talents more valuable by linking them with the others. When people use aco-operative business model, the pro ts and the costs o the business are di used amongthe collaborators. This makes it less risky or each individual to get involved in starting thebusiness.

Community development nancial institutions (CDFIs) and community developmentcorporations (CDCs) can actively seek to promote collaboration. Some methods or

urthering collaborative businesses may include helping people nd business partners,giving nancial incentives or collaboration, providing work orce/entrepreneurialdevelopment programs aimed at collaborative business, or directly developing andmanaging collaborative businesses.

Co-operatives

o Enables a group to aggregate capital or business development, di use pro tsequally to each investor, and di use the burden o losses so that no one individualbears the entire risk o business ailure.

o Financed by equal capital investment rom each individual who is working to startthe co-op.

o For pro t or nonpro t typically governed by an elected board. Each investor hasan equal say in determining the board (one person, one vote).

o A large number o di erent business types can be organized as co-operatives. Aew o the most common types include purchasing, retail, agricultural production,

grocery, housing, and electrical co-operatives.

o Encourages investors to develop business management skills and knowledge o the local market. Both workers and consumers are o ten investors and businessdecisions must be cra ted to bala nce the interests o the two groups.

o Help build the tax and income base o local communities by anchoring capitallocally.

Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPS)o Created through a business pension plan that invests the majority o employee

pension money back into the workplace. Allows workers the option o borrowingagainst uture company earnings in order to buy company stock.

o For pro t corporation in which employees become partial or ull owners.

o Enables workers to accumulate assets by sharing in the equity o the company andreduces the chances o company closure or relocation. Provides a way or ownersto sell their company and retire without worrying about the business beingrelocated away rom the community it serves.

o Helps anchor capital in local communities. Maintains local employment stabilityand increases worker productivity by an estimated 4-5%.

Local Collaborative Business

o Co-ops in Santa Fe include the New Mexico Rural Electric Cooperative Associationand La Montanita Coop Food Market.

o Businesses with ESOPs in Santa Fe include Los Alamos National Bank and Souder,Miller, and Associates.


o The National Cooperative Bank o ers unding, in ormation services, and counselingto co-ops. (510-496-2200; www.ncb.coop)

o The National Cooperative Business Association runs a comprehensive cooperativebusiness development program (202-638-6222; http://ncba.coop)

o The Cooperative Development Foundation oversees a number o grant unds,which it uses to advance cooperative development. (202-638-6222; www.cd .coop)

o The ESOP Association provides in ormation resources and manages a nationalnetwork o businesses with ESOPs. (202-293-2971; www.esopassociation.org)

o The Employee Ownership Foundation awards grants and provides assistance tobusinesses initiating or strengthening ESOPs. (202-293-2971; www.employeeownership oundation.org)


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53 Neighborhood

Economic ModelingAn economic model presents a vi sion o the uture economy the community desires anda general map o how to get there. A good economic model helps people gure outwhat programs will bene t the local economy, how di erent vitalization measures t i nto acommon vision o the uture, and why this vision is worth working toward.

Homegrown Business/Localized Economy

o Aims to develop the economy by building on existing area businesses andencouraging neighborhood residents to develop new businesses. Thehomegrown model stands opposed to a strategy o providing employmentopportunities by encouraging businesses established and headquar tered outsidethe local economy to relocate or open a new location in the area.

o The City o Santa Fe Economic Development Plan proposes a strategy o homegrown business development.

o Uses local skills and knowledge to create an economy that is suited to thecommunity rather than creating a community that is attractive to the economy.

o Small businesses owned by community members are more likely to: purchaseinputs rom local businesses, und neighborhood groups and events, respond tolocal consumer needs, and keep pro ts in the local economy. Large businessesthat have already established themselves outside the community usually have pre-established contracts with their suppliers and expatriate a percentage o pro ts towherever they are headquartered.

o Ideally, new businesses that develop should provide goods and services that wereormerly only available via non-local rms. This model seeks to substitute non-

local businesses with locals in order to keep more money in the community andimprove circulation o money in the l ocal economy.

Cluster Development

o Aims at developing types o businesses that: (1) have been success ul in the localeconomy and (2) bene t rom an expanding local network o related businesses.

o Termed economic gardening by Santa Fe Economic Development Incorporated(SFEDI), a strategy o cluster development involves: identi ying what types o businesses are already thriving in Santa Fe; assisting existing entrepreneurs inidenti ed clusters through specially designed development initiatives (low costloans, work orce development initiatives, management counseling services, etc);promoting links between vertically and horizontally related industries; whenappropriate, advocating district zoning and other measures aimed at developinga business type within a certain area; actively cultivating new entrepreneurs in

identi ed clusters through training programs and business start-up aid.o Generates a dynamic synergy in the local economy by creating a unique blend o

institutions and skills suitable to speci c types o business networks.

o Below is a table that compares the Santa Fe clusters identi ed by SFEDI and thetarget industries identi ed by Angelou Economics (AE).

Clusters Identifedby SFEDI

Identifedby AE

Arts & Culture XDesign XWater Conservation & CleanEnergy Technologies

X X

Medical Practitioners/HealthServices (traditional andalternative)

X X

Hospitality XPublishing X XNew Media X XRetiree Services XIn ormation Technologies

/So tware DevelopmentX X

Financial Services XFood & Beverage Production XOutdoor Gear & Apparel XPrivate Education XBiotech/Biomedical X

Local Economic Modeling

o The citys ofcial Economic Development Plan can be obtained rom theCity o Santa Fe Economic Development Division. (http://www.santa enm.gov/community-services/community-development/EconomicDevelopment-GeneralIn ormation.asp)

o The Santa Fe Alliance supports a model o homegrown independent businessReports outlining this approach are available on the alliance website. (505-985362; www.santa ealliance.com)

o Santa Fe Economic Development Inc. (SFEDI) supports a model o clusterde

Documents

Neighborhood Handbook