Neck Traingles 44

8/13/2019 Neck Traingles 44

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NECK

ANTERIOR TRIANGLE OF THE NECK The neck is arbitrarily subdivided into two

triangles by the sternocleidomastoid

muscle


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ANTERIOR TRAINGLES OF THE NECK


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ANTERIOR TRIANGLE submental (smen)

submandibular (sm)

muscular-visceral(mus)

carotid (car)


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POSTERIOR TRIANGLE occipital

supraclavicular (omoclavicular


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BORDERSOF THE ANTERIOR TRIANGLE OF THENECK

Anteriorly by Midline of the neck from chin tomanubrium

Posteriorly by anterior border of the

sternocleidomastoid Superiorly by the Inferior border of the

mandible

Its covered by skin,superficalfascia,platysemaThe Investing layer of deepcervical fascia


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Its subdivided into smaller traingles by

anterior and posterior belly of digestric and

superior belly of the omohyoid muscle


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SUBMENTAL TRIANGLE Lateraly by theanterior belly of the digastric, inferiorly by hyoid bone,

And anteriorly the midline of the neck

Floor is formed by the mylohyoid muscle

Most noted for the presence of several submental lymphnodeswhich drain the floor of the oral cavity, tip of thetongue and middle lower lip and central incisors

Anterior jugular veins: Lying in the midline, running fromthe submental triangle, they pierce the deep fascia above

manubrium. They pass between the posterior border ofthe sternocleidomastoid muscle and the upper border ofthe clavicle to drain into the external jugular veins in theposterior triangle of the neck.


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SUBMANDIBULAR DIGASTRIC) TRIANGLE: Posteriorly and anteriorly by the posterior and

anterior bellies of the digastric muscle and

Above by the inferior border of the mandible.

Its floor is formed by the mylohyoid, hyoglossus and

middle constrictor muscles. Continuous with the fossa for the parotid gland

It contains submandibular salivary glands and lymphnods.

contents Hypoglossal nerve(CN XII)

Facial artery


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The superficial (roof) structures of the

submandibular region are:

platysma

facial vein (fv)

cervical branch of facial nerve (cbf)


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THE CAROTID TRIANGLETHE BOUNDARIES OF THE CAROTID TRIANGLE

ARE:

Superiorly by posterior belly of digastric

muscle (pbd)

Inferiorly by superior belly of the omohyoid

muscle (so)

Posteriorly by anterior border of

sternomastoid muscle (st


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the vascular area of the neck, it is most

noted for the carotid sheathand its

contents:

Common Carotid Artery

Internal Jugular Vein

Vagus N and hypoglossal nerve.

Floor : hayoglossal muscle, portion of

thyrohyoid muscle, and inferior and

medial constrictor muscles of the

pharynx.
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POSTERIOR TRAINGLE

Anteriorly by the posterior border of

sternoclademastoid

Posteriorly by the anterior border of

trapezium

Clavicle inferiorly

Roof of the posterior

triangle:skin,superficial fascia, Platysma and

superficial layer of the deep cervical fascia


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Floor of the posterior triangle: A muscular floor andconsists of the following muscles which are arranged,in order, from posterosuperior to anteroinferior:

1. Splenius capitis- ligamentum nuchae and upper

thoracic spinous vertebrae to the mastoid processand occipital bone (draws head backward or to therespective side).

2. Levator scapulae- processes of C1-C4 to the

superior aspect of the medial border of the scapula(elevates scapula).

3. Scalenus muscles


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The posterior triangle of the neck can be

further subdivided into:

Occipitaltriangle lying above the inferior

belly of the omohyoid

Supraclavicular(Omoclavicular) triangle

inferior to this muscle


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BOUNDARIES OF THE OCCIPITAL TRIANGLE:

Posterior Boundary: Trapezius m.

Anterior Boundary: Sternocleidomastoid m.

Inferior Boundary: Omohyoid m. Floor: Splenius Capitus m, Levator Scapulae

m, Scalenus Medius, and a portion of

Scalenus Anterior.

Roof: superficial layer of Deep Investing

Fascia


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Spinal Accessory nerve(XI)

Superficial cervical cutaneous branches

of Cervical plexus


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BOUNDARIES OF THE SUPRACLAVICULAR(Omoclavicular) TRIANGLE

Inferior Boundary: Clavicle.

Superior Boundary: inferior belly of Omohyoidm.

Anterior Boundary: Sternocleidomastoid m.

Floor: Splenius Capitus m, Levator Scapulae m,Scalenus Medius m, and a small portion of theScalenus Anterior m.

Roof: superficial layer of Deep Investing Fascia.


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Super ior t run k o f the brach ial plexus Midd le trunk o f the brach ial plexus

Lower t runk of the brach ial plexus

External Jugular Vein: Derived from theFollowing Overview of venous drainage in thehead and neck. .

Anterior Jugular vein forms from small veins

below mandible;descends to join Ext. Jugularvein above clavicle. After lying superficial to thesternocleidomastoid muscle

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Neck Traingles 44