NCP 26 Fresh Assignment

8/10/2019 NCP 26 Fresh Assignment

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NICMAR

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT AND

RESEARCH

SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION

CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES- NCP 26

ASSIGNMENT

SUBMITTED BY

SONI KUMARI

Course: GPCCM

REG No. : 214-02-23-12103-2142


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ASSIGNMENT

NICMAR/CODE OFFICE

1. Course No. - NCP 26

2. Course title - Construction Project Management Techniques

3. Assignment No. - 3

4. Date of Dispatch - -05-14

5. Last Date of receipt -

of Assignment at CODE office

ASSIGNMENT

A new international cricket facility is to be constructed outside a mega city over a

piece of land. Facility to include-

1. Capacity of spectators- 80,000

2. Day / Night play facility

3. T.V. camera platform in six directions.

4. Safety of players from spectators.

5. Pavilion for VIPsto sit 300.

6. Parking (adequate space for all above).

Time available is 16 months including monsoon. Cost of construction need to be

recovered in 5 years. The average cost per ticket is Rs100/-. Approximate 4 matches

per year. Submit a report covering:

1. Identification of project

2. Stages in development of project

3. Work breakdown structure to undertake the project

4. Milestones and CPM chart for corporate control.

5. Cost of project


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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

PROJECT IDENTIFICATION

PROJECT DVELOPMENT PROCESS

PROJECT WORK BREAKDOWN

CPM / NETWORK ANALYSIS

RECOMMENDATIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY/READINGS


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INTRODUCTION

The future of a country can always be assessed from the nature and volume of new

projects that are being undertaken by the country. Projects create the new facilities and

infrastructure required to sustain the growth in different economic sectors. A project is a

temporary undertaking designed to produce a unique product, service or result with a

defined beginning and end (usually time-constrained and often constrained by funds

and deliverables), under taken to meet unique goals and objectives, typically to bring

about beneficial change or added value. Projects need to be completed within a defined

scope, time and cost constraints. In addition to these challenges, project management

requires general management, technical and interpersonal skills for achieving the

project objectives.

Most projects start with a need to have a new facility long before designers start designs

and drawing of the projects and certainly before field construction work can commence.Elements of this phase include:

- Conceptual analysis

- Technical and feasibility studies and

- Environmental impact reports.

Here is a project report for construction of an international cricket stadium outside a

mega city over a piece of land in 16 months inclusive of monsoon and the cost of

construction need to be recovered within 5 years.

Stadium is to be built near the mega city hence there will be easy availability of

resources, machinery and manpower. Infrastructure facilities are there so the roads and

transportation, electricity, water, and materials will also be available effortlessly. Market

is highly competitive and we are living in the era of advertising and marketing. So many

companies would like to sponsor matches. Lot of money can be generated through

giving rights to the television channels for broadcasting of the matches. Not only this,

sponsors are ready to pay money for their logos on the uniform of the cricketers. Money

can be generated through the advertising hoardings on the ground boundary. There is

no doubt that commercialization and glamour will draw more and more cricketspectators to the stadium to watch their favourite cricketers in action as well as beautiful

girls or cheer leaders.

A traditional phased approach identifies a sequence of steps to be completed which are:

1. Project Identification

2. Project Development Process

3. Project Work Breakdown

4. CPM / Network Analysis


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PROJECT IDENTIFICATION

Construction of a new international cricket facility outside a mega city. It should have the

following facilities-

1. Capacity of spectators- 80,0002. Play facility for- Day & Night play

3. 6 directional T.V. camera platforms.

4. Safety of players from the spectators.

5. Pavilion for V.I.P with a seating capacity for 300.

6. Adequate parking space for all.

Time available- 16 months inclusive of monsoon.

Other details- Cost of construction is to be recovered in 5 years. The average cost perticket will be Rs 100/- & there will be 4 matches per year.

Feasibility Studies

A feasibility study needs to be performed before the start of a project. This stage should

include a plan that incorporates the following areas:

Analysing the business needs/requirements in measurable goals.

Reviewing of the operations/ technical studies.

Financial analysis of the costs and benefits including a budget.

Project charter including costs, tasks, deliverables, and schedule.

The major construction projects are undertaken to meet the particular needs of a client.

Generally, a client is well informed and clear about what he needs, but sometimes what

he thinks he wants and what he really needs may actually be different. The first step in

the development of a project is to analyse the needs of the client. This requires a critical

examination of the needs through feasibility studies.

Technical studies cover the production process selection, construction methodology,

location study, power and local resources availability, means of transportation, scope of

work, wastage disposal arrangement, construction cost estimates, preliminary time plan,

resource forecasts, outline project organization, and statement of project time and cost

objectives.

Financial analysis contains sales forecast, project budget, capital costs, profitability

trend, payback period, net present worth, cash flow forecast, and sources of financing.

Economic feasibility highlights social implications and cost benefit analysis.


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PROJECT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

From conceptualization to implementation, stages in the development of construction

project (here cricket stadium) fall into broadly consistent patterns but time and degree of

emphasis each project takes on its own a unique character. An idea of a project passes

through six phases before it become a reality:

- Conceptualization

- Engineering and design

- Procurement Construction

- Commissioning

- Operation and maintenance

Project Management Organization

Generally, project management is distinguished from the general management of

corporations by the mission-oriented nature of a project. A project organization will

generally be terminated when the mission is accomplished. Depending upon the nature

of project and the corporate policy, the project management organization pattern can

vary from highly centralized functional organization to a dedicated project team with fully

decentralized authority. The matrix organization of project management lies in-between

these two extreme organizational concepts.

The matrix structure is viewed as a temporary organization having human and non-

human resources with reduced vertical hierarchy so as to respond speedily in a

changing complex situation for achieving the specified performance objectives.

The managers in a project team are its key personnel. They are drawn from their parent

departments and are specialists in their field. Following are the advantages of the matrix

structure

a) It has a single project manager responsible for the whole project. The projectmanagement, working as a team, performs management functions of planning,

organizing, staffing, directing, controlling and coordinating the project work.

b) All managers owe their allegiance to the project manager, and not to their parent

departmental heads.

c) Personal commitment to objectives is the key of matrix organization. It provides a

climate for motivation, effectiveness and personal development.

d) The specialist staffs are employed effectively. The matrix organization balances

their conflicting objectives by reducing the communication gap.

e) The top management is freed from making routine decisions, as the decision-making machinery forms an integral part of the matrix structure.


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PROJECT WORK BREAKDOWN

Project work breakdown is the division of the project into small identifiable activities or

events with some milestones also. These activities are also called as levels, which can

be classified very well. For instance the activities of cricket stadium can be divided intothree phases:

1. Pre-Construction Phase

Selection of land

Preliminary design

Final design & preparation of working drawings

Selection of vendors for the execution of work & supply of equipments &

materials

2. Construction Phase

Demarcation of the field area.

Construction of foundation for the stands and other sitting areas.

Construction of boundary walls.

Construction of steps with proper risers.

Construction of seats and VIP cabin

Construction of roof.

Provisions of services application of wall, floor and ceiling finish.

Completion of electrical and mechanical works.

External works: drainage etc.

Parking facility

Structure for Lights.

Road work.

3. Commissioning & Handing Over

Testing & commissioning of the electrical equipments.

Testing & commissioning of the HVAC system.

Testing & commissioning of the other services such as Fire Fighting, security

system, fire detection system etc.

Final handing over of the facility to the client.

Work Breakdown Methodology

Work breakdown methodology in project management, is a deliverable oriented

decomposition of a project into smaller components.It is a hierarchical and incremental

decomposition of the project into phases, deliverables and work packages. It is a tree

structure, which shows a subdivision of effort required to achieve an objective. The

project is divided into activities and events. In the preparation of the network for theproject, the arrows indicate the activities and events are identifiable instantaneous


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stages they are represented as Nodes in a network. So, arrows of the network are

joined in accordance with the interdependence of the activities, which they represent. In

small and simple work this interrelationship is obvious but in a large project it is

necessary to establish it systematically.

Assessing Duration

Assessment of duration of work can be carried out after the work breakdown structure is

created as it will help to assess the duration provided for every single activity that

comes under work breakdown. The estimation of this time is based upon the current

practices carried out in an organized manner under the normal prevailing conditions,

and the person responsible for its performance does its assessment preferably.The unit

of time can be a month, a week, a day or even an hour. Following is the calculation of

project duration considering delays due to several factors.

Project duration calculation:

The time available for construction = 16 months (Including monsoon)

Number of days per month = 30

Number of Sundays per month = 4

Thus number of working days per month = 304 = 26

Number of weeks per month = 4

Allowed project duration = 16 * 4 = 64 weeks

Loss of time due to monsoon = 4 weeks

Loss due to public holidays = 2 weeks

Thus, the project must be completed within 58 weeks.

Costing Activity

Cost estimating is one of the most important steps in project management. A cost

estimate establishes the base line of the project cost at different stages of development

of the project. A cost estimate at a given stage of project development represents a

prediction provided by the cost engineer or estimator on the basis of available data. The

costs of a constructed facility to the owner include both the initial capital cost and the

subsequent operation and maintenance costs. Each of these major cost categories

consists of a number of cost components. Costing activity comprises of the following

components:


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1. Direct cost

Cost of material

Wages paid to labour

Expenditure on tools and equipment used on the activity.

2. Indirect cost

Supervision charges

Administrative charges

Interest and capital

Revenue due to early completion of work and loss due to delay.

Indirect costs is worked out per day of the project execution or it is allocated on the

basis of certain stages of work packages e.g. foundation, sill level, lintel level in the

case of building or foundations substructure super structure, approaches etc. Indirect

cost increases as duration increase and direct cost goes on decreasing as durationincreases.

Stadium needs and standards: Based on the given technical available data, following

proposal is made for the new stadium-

Area of Stadium = 90,000 sq.m (Assumed)

Capacity of Stadium = 80,000

Since the cost of construction need to be recovered within 5 years, following is the

calculation to check the economic feasibility of the project in which the comparison ofactual cost of construction and revenue collected in 5 years is done.

Assumed built up area of the stadium = 90000 sq.m

Assuming cost of construction per sq.m = Rs.3000

Therefore, Total cost of construction = 90000 x Rs. 3000

= Rs.27,00,00,000

This cost need to be covered in 5 years exactly.

Note- Assuming one match average spectators = 75,000.

All figures taken for calculations are based on assumptions except those provided. All

conditions are also assumed regarding the project execution & nature of work.


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C

Construction offoundation for thestands and other

sitting areas.

8

Excavated of specified points as perdrawings

Concreting the excavate fill andfootings.

Installation of steel columns onconcrete filling.

Rising of the columns to the requiredheight.

DConstruction ofboundary walls.

8 Beam Casting for brickwork.

Brickwork of boundary wall.

Plaster work.

E

Construction ofsteps with proper

risers, seatinstallation and restroom construction

12

Concreting of the steps.

Installation of the seats as perspecification.

Preparation of the entrance and exitwalkway

Construction of rest room for theaudiences.

Installation of water and sewer linesin rest room.

F

VIP cabin &

Players kit room 12

Slab concreting.

Installation of comfortable seatsspecified for VIP cabin.

Construction of balcony/ Installation of rest room for the VIP

Placing of lines for AC, electrical andwater lines.

GConstruction of

roof10

Installation of roof panels over thesteel columns.

Bolting and fixing of the roof over thesteel column and between the roofpanels.

HProvisions ofservices

application of wall,floor and ceiling

finish

12

Putty/Painting of Walls and Entrancegates.

Floor Finishing.

Ceiling painting.

ICompletion ofelectrical and

mechanical works.4

JExternal works:drainage etc.

4


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KParking facility

2 Marking of the parking plot for the

vehicles

Installation of fence as specified.

LStructure for Lights

and overlay TV4

Placing of the light frame over the

steel column by the tower heist. Installation of DG for the stadium

Technical assistant for the provisionfor the stadium

Providing of the AC and electricallining for the stadium

MGround/ Pitch

Preparation2

N

Dismantling of

tower crane andother temporary

structures

1

O Road work 2

PTesting &

commissioning1

Testing & commissioning of theelectrical equipments.

Testing & commissioning of theHVAC system.

Testing & commissioning of the otherservices such as Fire Fighting,security system, fire detectionsystem etc.

Total Weeks 84

Following table describes the task details along with the assumed duration to complete

each task which will help to make a schedule for work. The total number of weeks

required to complete the project is 84 weeks but we have only 64 weeks (including

holidays/monsoon) to complete it. Hence, by networking and making a schedule in

which some of the independent tasks may proceed concurrently, we can minimise theduration of the project from 84 weeks to 64 weeks.

The schedule given below gives the detail of work chart along with the duration reduced

from 84 weeks to 64 weeks.


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BIBLIOGRAPHY / READINGS

Construction Project Management Techniques (NCP 26), Lesson

book by NICMAR

Handbook on Construction Management, P.K Joy

Fundamentals of Construction Management, Dr. Abimbola Windapo

Documents

NCP 26 Fresh Assignment