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Natural Vegetation
Sara Jones, Mariam Soliman
and Emily Kocsis
Table of Contents
What is Natural Vegetation Mixed Forest- the Maritimes Mixed Forest- P.E.I Mixed Forest- Nova Scotia and New Brunswick Boreal and Taiga Forests Boreal and Taiga Forests- Newfoundland The Tundra Bibliography
What is Natural Vegetation Mixed Forest- the Maritimes Mixed Forest- P.E.I Mixed Forest- Nova Scotia and New Brunswick Boreal and Taiga Forests Boreal and Taiga Forests- Newfoundland The Tundra Bibliography
What is Natural Vegetation
Natural Vegetation are plants that would grow in an area in the absence of human influence
Different types of natural vegetation grow in different climates and soil conditions
Atlantic Canada has three different vegetation regions:
TundraBoreal and Taiga forestsMixed Forests
Natural Vegetation are plants that would grow in an area in the absence of human influence
Different types of natural vegetation grow in different climates and soil conditions
Atlantic Canada has three different vegetation regions:
TundraBoreal and Taiga forestsMixed Forests
Mixed Forest- the Maritimes
The Maritimes provinces of Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick’s vegetation region is Mixed Forest
South of boreal forest contains coniferous and deciduous trees like Spruce, Cedar, Pine, Oak, Hemlock and birch.
Excellent Resource for lumbering industry Mixed Forests are transition zones between
Deciduous forests and Boreal forests Soils in mixed forest regions serve well for
farming because of the different kinds of leaves creating humus, and a grey-brown topsoil, rich in minerals
Precipitation is high in this region and is appropriate for both deciduous and coniferous trees
The Maritimes provinces of Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick’s vegetation region is Mixed Forest
South of boreal forest contains coniferous and deciduous trees like Spruce, Cedar, Pine, Oak, Hemlock and birch.
Excellent Resource for lumbering industry Mixed Forests are transition zones between
Deciduous forests and Boreal forests Soils in mixed forest regions serve well for
farming because of the different kinds of leaves creating humus, and a grey-brown topsoil, rich in minerals
Precipitation is high in this region and is appropriate for both deciduous and coniferous trees
Mixed Forest- P.E.I
P.E.I: gently rolling lowland, but in the middle of the province is a small hilly section
Squares of small wooded areas, patches of yellow grain and fields of potatoes blanket the island
Heavy logging in 1800’s resulted in loss of P.E.I’s thick forests, but woodlands of maples, spruces and white birches thrive once again
Provincial Tree- Northern Red Oak
Wildflowers bloom from May through October
P.E.I: gently rolling lowland, but in the middle of the province is a small hilly section
Squares of small wooded areas, patches of yellow grain and fields of potatoes blanket the island
Heavy logging in 1800’s resulted in loss of P.E.I’s thick forests, but woodlands of maples, spruces and white birches thrive once again
Provincial Tree- Northern Red Oak
Wildflowers bloom from May through October
Mixed Forest- Nova Scotia and New Brunswick
Nova Scotia: About 1.5 of the 5 million
Christmas trees sold North America are cut in Nova Scotia
Provincial tree- Red Spruce Provincial flower- mayflower New Brunswick: Thick forests, western half of
the province is the Appalachian upland, where there are thick forests
Spruce, Fir, Pine, Maple and Poplar cover the upland
Trees cover 90% of the province and is an important natural resource
Nova Scotia: About 1.5 of the 5 million
Christmas trees sold North America are cut in Nova Scotia
Provincial tree- Red Spruce Provincial flower- mayflower New Brunswick: Thick forests, western half of
the province is the Appalachian upland, where there are thick forests
Spruce, Fir, Pine, Maple and Poplar cover the upland
Trees cover 90% of the province and is an important natural resource
Boreal and Taiga Forests Largest vegetation region in Canada and is south of the Tundra
separated by the tree line Coniferous trees are found in the Boreal and taiga forests and
not the Tundra because there is a longer growing season and greater precipitation
Coniferous trees are never bare, although they lose some needles
Since they do not lose many needles, the humus is shallow and the topsoil is a grey colour and acidic because of the needles
Leeching occurs in Boreal and Taiga Forests White and black spruce, balsam fir, and pine grow in forest
because they do not require long growing seasons and can overcome the cold temperatures
The northern area of the forests is known as Taiga forests, while more southern areas of the forest are known as Boreal forests
Largest vegetation region in Canada and is south of the Tundra separated by the tree line
Coniferous trees are found in the Boreal and taiga forests and not the Tundra because there is a longer growing season and greater precipitation
Coniferous trees are never bare, although they lose some needles
Since they do not lose many needles, the humus is shallow and the topsoil is a grey colour and acidic because of the needles
Leeching occurs in Boreal and Taiga Forests White and black spruce, balsam fir, and pine grow in forest
because they do not require long growing seasons and can overcome the cold temperatures
The northern area of the forests is known as Taiga forests, while more southern areas of the forest are known as Boreal forests
Boreal and Taiga Forests- Newfoundland
Newfoundland: Over half of Newfoundland and
Labrador are covered with trees
Spruce, and fir are most abundant, while birch is common as well
Forests of spruce and balsam, fir and birch cover 40% of the island of Newfoundland, and 20% of Labrador
Newfoundland and Labrador experience long harsh winters, and trees in the region rarely grow thick or tall
Newfoundland: Over half of Newfoundland and
Labrador are covered with trees
Spruce, and fir are most abundant, while birch is common as well
Forests of spruce and balsam, fir and birch cover 40% of the island of Newfoundland, and 20% of Labrador
Newfoundland and Labrador experience long harsh winters, and trees in the region rarely grow thick or tall
The Tundra
Tundra is the most northerly vegetation region
Northern Labrador is Tundra Tundra is located above the
tree line meaning that there are no trees grown in the tundra because the climate lacks much precipitation and the climate is too cold
The majority of the tundra has permafrost
Shrubs, mosses and lichens grow during the short growing season
Tundra is the most northerly vegetation region
Northern Labrador is Tundra Tundra is located above the
tree line meaning that there are no trees grown in the tundra because the climate lacks much precipitation and the climate is too cold
The majority of the tundra has permafrost
Shrubs, mosses and lichens grow during the short growing season
Bibliography
Campbell, Kumari. "New Brunswick." Minneapolis, Minnesota: Lerner Publications Company, 1996.
Campbell, Kumari. "Prince Edward Island.Minneapolis, Minnesota: Lerner Publications Company, 1996.
Clarke, Bruce, Wallace, John K. Making Connections. Scarborough, Ontario: Prentice Hall Ginn Ontario, 1999.
Jackson, Lawrence. "Newfoundland & Labrador.Minneapolis, Minnesota: Lerner Publications Company, 1995.
Campbell, Kumari. "New Brunswick." Minneapolis, Minnesota: Lerner Publications Company, 1996.
Campbell, Kumari. "Prince Edward Island.Minneapolis, Minnesota: Lerner Publications Company, 1996.
Clarke, Bruce, Wallace, John K. Making Connections. Scarborough, Ontario: Prentice Hall Ginn Ontario, 1999.
Jackson, Lawrence. "Newfoundland & Labrador.Minneapolis, Minnesota: Lerner Publications Company, 1995.