Native Texas and its Peoples

North Central Plains Geographical Characteristics

Rolling prairies, few rivers, buttes, mesas, hardwood forests,

Climate Hot short summer Cool to cold winters

Economic Resources ranching, cotton, wheat

Major Cities Fort Worth, Abilene, Wichita Falls

Coastal Plains Geographical Characteristics

Plains, deserts, hills, Balcones Escarpment, good soil

All rivers flow through this region (has the most rivers)

Climate Mild, hot, damp, humid

Economic Resources Cattle Industry Fruit and Vegetable Crops Tree farms

Major Cities Dallas, Houston, San Antonio, Austin,

Brownsville

Gulf COAST Peoples(Nomadic Hunters and Gathers) Karankawa

Nomads along the gulf coast Lived in the south east Used dugout canoes to fish and hunt small animals.

Coalhuiltecans Nomads along the gulf coast South Texas Ate bugs and small animals

Atakapans Nomads Hunted small animals Fished in dugout canoes Farming

South EASTERN Peoples(COASTAL Plains) Caddoes

Sedentary Food rich environment Built dome shaped huts Had their own governmental system led

by a chief Women played an important role Most advanced culture of all Native

Americans

Great Plains Geographical Characteristics

Canyons, escarpment, plains, aquifers, plateaus, Palo Duro canyons

Climate- Hot long summers, cold winters, dry air, dust storms

Economic Resources Farming, ranching, oil and gas

Major Cities Amarillo, Lubbock, Midland, Odessa,

PLAINS Peoples(Nomads, fierce warriors) Comanche

Nomads Used every part of the Buffalo Lived in tipis Domesticated animals before being introduced to horses

Apaches Nomads Depended Made things out of buffalo hide Lived in farming communities (rancherias) along rivers and

streams Kiowas

Nomads Recorded their history on their tipis Depended on the buffalo for survival Made beautiful crafts Developed a calendar Most feared group along the plains

Mountains and Basins Physical Characteristics

Mountain ranges, flat desert basins, rivers, Guadalupe Mountains, cacti, Pecos and Rio Grande river

Climate –Driest part of the state hot days cool night.

Economic Resources Ranching, farming, oil and gas

Major Cities El Paso

Puebloan Peoples Jumanos

Sedentary Farmers Lived in adobe houses Traders

Tiguas Sedentary Farmers Lived in adobe houses Made beautiful pottery

4. Mountains and Basins

1.2.

3.

Texas RegionsGreat Plains

12

4 3

North Central Plains

Coastal Plains