Native Peoples & Archaeology of the Portland Area & Lower Columbia

Native Peoples & Archaeology of the Portland Area & Lower Columbia Region

Portland Bureau of Planning and Sustainability Revised 3/12/10 1

Research Guide Series № 8

Revised 3/12/2010

Native Peoples & Archaeology of the Portland Area & Lower Columbia Region A Selected Bibliography

This bibliography lists sources on the prehistory, history, culture and archaeology of the Native Peoples of the southern Northwest Coast culture area, with a focus on the Lower Columbia region and the Portland Basin. Also included are selected works on the history and cultures of North American Native Peoples and on archaeology more generally. Some of the archaeological testing, survey and excavation reports cited herein contain sensitive site location information; public access to these documents may be restricted, in order to protect cultural resources from inappropriate activities and looting. For more information, contact the Archaeological Services Program of the Oregon Department of Parks and Recreation: 503-986-0674, http://www.oregonheritage.org/OPRD/HCD/ARCH/index.shtml. This document will be updated from time-to-time; corrections and additions may be sent to: Nicholas T. Starin, Portland Bureau of Planning and Sustainability, 1900 SW 4th Ave., Suite 7100, Portland, OR, 97201; [email protected].



Abbott, Donald N. “The Utility of the Concept of Phase in the Archaeology of the Southern Northwest Coast.” Syesis, 5 (1971): 267-278.

Abbott, Walter H. “Preservation of Indian Names.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 12, 4 (Dec. 1911).

Abramowitz, Alan W. Cultural Resources Assessment of the Carty Unit, Ridgefield National Wildlife Refuge, Clark County, Washington. Seattle: Office of Public Archaeology, Institute of Environmental Studies, University of Washington, 1980

Aikens, C. Melvin. Archaeology of Oregon. Portland: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office, 1993. 3rd ed.

——, ed. Archaeological Studies in the Willamette Valley, Oregon. Eugene: University of Oregon, Dept. of Anthropology, 1975.

——. “Environmental Archaeology in the Western United States.” In H.E. Wright, ed. Late-Quaternary Environments of the United States, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1983.

Allen, Cain. "They Called it Progress:" Indians, Salmon, and the Industrialization of the Columbia River. M.A. Thesis, Portland State University, 2000.

Ambroz, Jessica A. Characterization of Archaeologically Significant Obsidian Sources in Oregon by Neutron Activation Analysis. M.S. Thesis, University of Missouri, Dept. of Chemistry, 1997.

Ames, Kenneth. “The Archaeology of the Longue Dure: Temporal and Spatial Scale in the Evolution of Social Complexity on the Southern Northwest Coast.” Antiquity, 65 (1991): 935-945.

——. “Chiefly Power and Household Production on the Northwest Coast.” In T. D. Price and G. M. Feinman, eds. The Foundations of Social Inequality, New York: Plenum Press, 1995: 155-187.

——. “Life in the Big House: Household Labor and Dwelling Size on the Northwest Coast.” In: Coupland, G. and E. B. Banning, eds., People Who Lived in Big Houses: Archaeological Perspectives on Large Domestic Structures. Madison, WI: Prehistory Press, 1996.

——. “The Northwest Coast.” Evolutionary Anthropology, 12 (2003):19-33.

——. “The Northwest Coast: Complex Hunter-Gatherers, Ecology and Social Evolution.” Annual Review of Anthropology, 23 (1994): 209-229.

——. “Slaves, Chiefs, and Labor on the Northern Northwest Coast.” World Archaeology, 33, 1 (2001):1-17.

—— and Cameron McPherson Smith. “Large Domestic Pits on the Northwest Coast of North America.” Journal of Field Archaeology, 33, 1 (2008): 3-18.

—— and Herbert Maschner. Peoples of the Northwest Coast: Their Archaeology and Prehistory. London: Thames and Hudson, 1999.

—— et al. Archaeological Context Statement: Portland Basin. Portland: Portland State University, Dept. of Anthropology, 1994. Wapato Valley Archaeology Project Report No. 4.

—— et al. Archaeological Investigations at 45CL1 (1991-1996) Ridgefield Wildlife Refuge, Clark County, Washington: A Preliminary Report.. Portland: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service Region 1,1999. Cultural Resources Series 13.

—— et al. “Household Archaeology of a Southern North-West Coast Plank House.” Journal of Field Archaeology, 19, 3 (1992): 275-290.

Andersen, Beverly Joan. Cultural Change as Reflected in the Dress and Accessories of the Indian Tribes on the Pacific Northwest Coast. M.S. Thesis, Oregon State University, 1965.



Anonymous. Letter to Gen. Joel Palmer. Ca. 1850s. In Joel Palmer Papers, mss. 114, Oregon Historical Society, Portland. [Re: Clackamas Indians].

Armstrong, A. N. Oregon: Comprising a Brief History and Full Description of the Territories of Oregon and Washington ... Together with Remarks Upon the Social … and a Full Description of the Indian Tribes of the Pacific Slope... . Chicago: C. Scott, 1857.

Arneodo, Roseline. Approach to the Indian Problem in Oregon. Master's Thesis, Université de Poitiers, 1982.

Arneson, James. “Property Concepts of 19th Century Oregon Indians.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 81, 4, (Winter 1980).

Archibald, Dale. Blue Lake Park, Multnomah County, Oregon, Archaeological Report. [Portland?]: 1984.

Armstrong, Jerome Benjamin. A Survey of Oregon's Endangered Native American Languages. M.A. Thesis, Portland State University, Dept. of Applied Linguistics, 2004.

Auerbach, Geri. A Comparative Case Study of Repatriation of Ancient Skeletal Remains in the Pacific Northwest. M.S. Thesis, Portland State University, Dept. of Philosophy, 2002.

Baker, Richard G. “Holocene Vegetational History of the Western United States.” In H.E. Wright, ed. Late-Quaternary Environments of the United States, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1983, Vol. 2, 109-127.

Ball, John. “Letter, [manuscript] 1833.” Mss. 195, Oregon Historical Society Research Library, Portland. Also cited as Troy Lecture.

Banach, Patricia K. Copper on the Pacific Northwest Coast. M.A. Thesis, Portland State University, Dept. of Anthropology, 2002.

Barnosky, C. W. Late-Quaternary Vegetational and Climatic History of Southwestern Washington. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Washington, 1983.

——, Patricia M. Anderson and Patrick J. Bartlein. “The Northwestern U.S. during Deglaciation: Vegetational History and Paleoclimatic Implications.” In W.F. Ruddiman and H.E. Wright, Jr, eds., North America and Adjacent Oceans during the Last Deglaciation. Boulder: Geological Society of America, 1987.

Barrs, Patricia. Near Neighbors: Cross-Cultural Friendship in Dickey Prairie and South Molalla, Oregon. Committee for the Humanities, Clackamas County Educational Service District, 1982.

Barry, J. Neilson. “The Indians of Oregon: Geographic Distribution of Linguistic Families.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 28, 1 (Mar. 1927).

——. “Use of Soil Products by Indians.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 30, 1 (Mar. 1929).

Baxter, Paul W., ed. Contributions to the Archaeology of Oregon 1989-1994. [Eugene?]: Association of Oregon Archaeologists, 1994. Association of Oregon Archaeologists Occasional Papers No. 5.

Beaver, Herbert. Reports and Letters of Herbert Beaver 1836-1838, Chaplain to the Hudson's Bay Company and Missionary to the Indians at Fort Vancouver. Portland: Champoeg Press, 1959. Thomas E. Jessett, ED.

Beckham, Stephen Dow. Chinook Indian Tribe: Petition for Federal Acknowledgment. Lake Oswego, Or.: USA Research, 1987.

——. Cultural Resources of Patton Valley, South Fork of the Tualatin River, Oregon. [McMinnville]: 1975.

——. The Indians of Western Oregon: This Land Was Theirs. Coos Bay, OR: Arago Books, 1977.

——, ed. Oregon Indians: Voices from Two Centuries. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 2006.

——. "This Place is Romantic and Wild:" An Historical Overview of the Cascades Area, Fort Cascades, and the Cascades Townsite, Washington Territory. Eugene: Heritage Research Associates, 1984. Report to Portland District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.



——, Kathryn Anne Toepel and Rick Minor. Native American Religious Practices and Uses in Western Oregon. Eugene: Dept. of Anthropology, University of Oregon, 1984. University of Oregon Anthropological Papers, No. 31.

Berg, Laura, ed. The First Oregonians. Portland: Oregon Council for the Humanities, 2007. 2nd ed.

Bergmann, Mathias D. “’We Should Lose So Much by Their Absence:’ The Centrality of Chinookans and Kalapuyans to Life in Frontier Oregon.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 109, 1 (Spring 2008): 34-59.

Berreman, Joel V. Indian Density in Oregon, per 100 Square Kilometers. Map. [1933?]. Based on data from A.L. Kroeber.

——. Tribal Distribution in Oregon. Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association, 47, 1937. Revised version of M.A. thesis of same name, University of Oregon, Dept. of Sociology, 1933.

Binford, Lewis R. “Willow Smoke and Dogs’ Tails: Hunter-gatherer Settlement Systems and Archaeological Site Formation.” American Antiquity, 45, 1 (1980): 4-20.

Biolsi, Thomas, ed. A Companion to the Anthropology of American Indians. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub., 2004.

Bishop, Ellen Morris: In Search of Ancient Oregon: A Geological and Natural History. Portland: Timber Press, 2003.

Bjoring, Bob and Susan Cunningham. Explorers' and Travelers' Journals Documenting Early Contacts with Native Americans in the Pacific Northwest, 1741-1900. Seattle: Univeristy of Washington Libraries, 1982.

Bland, Richard L. Archaeological Investigations at the NE 117th To NE 181st Avenue Section of the Banfield Freeway (I - 84) Portland, Oregon. Eugene: Oregon State Museum of Anthropology and Oregon Department of Transportation, 1989. Oregon State Museum of Anthropology Report 89-3.

—— and Thomas J. Connolly. Archaeological Investigations at the Airport Way Site and Vicinity. Oregon Department of Transportation and Oregon State Museum of Anthropology, 1989.

Boas, Franz. The Chinook Indian Language. Seattle: Shorey Book Store, 1971. Extract from Handbook of American Indian Languages, 1911.

——. Chinook Texts. Washington, DC: Govt. Print. Off., 1894. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 20.

——. “Doctrine of Soul and Disease among the Chinook.” Journal of American Folklore, 6 (1893): 39-43.

——. Kathlamet Texts. Washington, DC: Govt. Print. Off., 1901.

——. “Zur Mythologie der Indianer von Washington und Oregon.” Germany[?]: Globus, ca. 1890. Possibly article detached from Globus, 63, 10.

Bohanan, Lyndon Earl. The Urban Indian Program in Portland, Oregon. M.S.W practicum, Portland State University,1974.

Bona, Lisa J. and David V. Ellis. Archaeological Assessment of Mitigation Sites No. C3C-1 and E3C-1 on the TFT Development Property, Portland, Oregon. Security Pacific Bank, Washington and Archaeological Investigations Northwest, Inc., 1991.

Bowes, John P. Exiles and Pioneers: Eastern Indians in the Trans-Mississippi West. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2007.

Boyd, Robert T. "Another Look at the 'Fever and Ague' of Western Oregon," Ethnohistory, 22 (Spring, 1975):135-54.

——. The Coming of the Spirit of Pestilence: Introduced Infectious Diseases and Population Decline Among Northwest Coast Indians, 1774-1874. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1999.

——. "Demographic History, 1774 - 1874". In Wayne Suttles, volume ed., Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 7, Northwest. Coast, Washington: Smithsonian Institution,1990: 135 - 148.



——, ed. Indians, Fire, and the Land in the Pacific Northwest. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 1999.

——. The Introduction of Infectious Diseases Among the Indians of the Pacific Northwest, 1774-1874. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Washington, 1985.

——. “The Pacific Northwest Measles Epidemic of 1847-1848.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 95, 1 (Spring 1994).

——. “Strategies of Indian Burning in the Willamette Valley.” Canadian Journal of Anthropology, 5, 1 (1986): 65-86.

—— and Yvonne Hajda. “Seasonal Population Movement Along the Lower Columbia River: The Social and Ecological Context.” American Ethnologist, 14, 2 (1987): 309-326.

Brackenridge, William D. The Brackenridge Journal for the Oregon Country. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1931. Ottis Bedney Sperlin, ed.

Braun, Thorsten. Native American Trade and Exchange in the Pacific Northwest: Ethnographic and Archaeological Evidence. M.A. Thesis, University of Oregon, Dept. of Anthropology, 1999.

Brown, Lionel A. A Typology and Distribution of Projectile Points from Sauvies Island, Oregon. M.A. Thesis, University of Oregon, Dept. of Anthropology, 1960

Brown, Robert. “On the Vegetable Products Used by the North-West Indians As Food and Medicine, in the Arts and in Superstitious Rites. Transactions of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh, 9 (1868?).

Buan, Carolyn M. and Richard Lewis, eds. The First Oregonians: An Illustrated Collection of Essays on Traditional Lifeways, Federal-Indian Relations, and the State's Native People Today. Portland: Oregon Council for the Humanities, 1991.

Bundy, Barbara E. Preventing Looting and Vandalism of Archaeological Sites in the Pacific Northwest. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Oregon, Dept. of Anthropology, 2005.

Burnett, Robert M. The Burnett Site: A Cascade Phase Camp on the Lower Willamette River. M.A. Thesis, Portland State University, Dept. of Anthropology, 1991.

Burtchard, Greg C. Archaeological Evaluation of the Trojan Locality, 35CO1. Portland: Portland State University, Laboratory of Archaeology and Anthropology, 1990. Cultural Resource Investigation Series Number 2.

——. Columbia South Shore Cultural Resources Reconnaissance. Portland: Laboratory of Archaeology and Anthropology, Dept. of Anthropology, Portland State University, 1989.

——. The Columbia South Shore Project. Portland: Laboratory of Archaeology and Anthropology, Dept. of Anthropology, Portland State University, 1990.

——. The Columbia South Shore Project: A Sample Archaeological Reconnaissance of the Airport Way Urban Renewal Area, Portland, Oregon. Portland Development Commission and Portland State University Department of Anthropology, 1989.

Bushnell, David I. Drawings by George Gibbs in the Far Northwest, 1849-1851. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 97, 8. Publication No. 3485. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1938.

Butler, B. Robert. "Art of the Lower Columbia Valley." Archaeology, 10 (1957):158-165.

——. “Lower Columbia Valley Archaeology: A Survey and Appraisal of Some Major Archaeological Resources.” Tebiwa, 2, 2: 6-24.

——. The Old Cordilleran Culture in the Pacific Northwest. Pocatello: Idaho State College Museum, 1961. Occasional Papers of the Idaho State College Museum, Number 5.

——. “Perspectives in the Prehistory of the Lower Columbia Valley.” Tebiwa, 8, 1: 1-16

Butler, Virginia L. Fish Remains from Cathlapotle: Preliminary Report. Portland: Portland State University, 2002.



——. Meier Site Fish Remains. 1999. Report on file at Laboratory of Archaeology, Department of Anthropology, Portland State University, Portland, OR.

——. "Resource Depression on the Northwest Coast of North America." Antiquity, 74, (2000): 649 - 662.

—— and Sarah K. Campbell. “Resource Intensification and Resource Depression in the Pacific Northwest of North America: A Zooarchaeological Review.” Journal of World Prehistory, 18, 4 (December 2004): 327-405.

Calloway, Colin G. One Vast Winter Count: The Native American West Before Lewis and Clark. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2003.

Carley, Caroline D. HBC Kanaka Village/Vancouver Barracks, 1977. Seattle: Office of Public Archaeology, Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Washington, 1982.

Carmody, Denise Lardner and John Tully Carmody. Native American Religions: An Introduction. New York: Paulist Press, 1993.

Cawley, Martinus, ed. Indian Journal of Rev. R. W. Summers: First Episcopal Priest of Seattle (1871-73) and of McMinnville (1873-81). Lafayette, OR: Guadalupe Translations/Trappist Abbey, 1994.

Chance, David H. and Jennifer V. Chance. Kanaka Village, Vancouver Barracks, 1974. Seattle: Office of Public Archaeology, University of Washington, 1976.

Chatters, James C. and Karin A. Hoover. “Changing Late Holocene Flooding Frequencies on the Columbia River, Washington.” Quaternary Research, 26 (1986): 309-320.

Chehak, Gail and Jan Halliday. Native Peoples of the Northwest: A Traveler's Guide to Land, Art and Culture. Seattle: Sasquatch Books, 1996.

Christie, Jessica Joyce and Patricia Joan Sarro, eds. Palaces and Power in the Americas: From Peru to the Northwest Coast. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2006.

Clark, Ella E. “George Gibbs' Account of Indian Mythology in Oregon and Washington Territories.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 56, 4 (Dec. 1955); 57, 2 (June 1956).

——. “Indian Story-Telling of Old in the Pacific Northwest.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 54, 2 (June 1953).

——. “Indian Thanksgiving in the Pacific Northwest.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 61, 4 (Dec. 1960).

——. “The Mythology of the Indians in the Pacific Northwest.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 54, 3 (Sept. 1953).

Cliff, Ramona. Historical Aspects of Indian Life and their Effects on the Urban Indian. M.S.W. practicum report, Portland State University, 1976.

Coan, C. F. “The Adoption of the Reservation Policy in Pacific Northwest, 1853-1855.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 23, 1 (Mar. 1922).

——. “The First Stage of the Federal Indian Policy in the Pacific Northwest, 1849-1852.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 22, 1 (Mar. 1921).

Cochran, George C. Indian Portraits of the Pacific Northwest. Portland: Binford and Mort, 1959.

Cohen, Fay. Treaties on Trial: The Continuing Controversy over Northwest Indian Fishing Rights. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1986.

Cole, David L. The Archaeological Resources of the Willamette River Basin. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and University of Oregon, 1966.

—— and Richard M. Pettigrew. Archaeological Survey of the Proposed Interstate 205 Section from the Lewis and Clark Highway, Clark County, Washington to SE Foster Rd, Multnomah County, Oregon. Eugene: University of Oregon, Oregon Museum of Natural History; Oregon Department of Transportation and, 1976 [1977?].



Cole, Douglas. Captured Heritage: The Scramble for Northwest Coast Artifacts. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1985.

Collins, Cary C. "The Broken Crucible of Assimilation: Forest Grove Indian School and the Origins of Off-Reservation Boarding-School Education in the West." Oregon Historical Quarterly, 101, 4 (2000): 466-507.

Colvin, Mary. “Deer Island Pioneers.” Columbia County History, 2 (1962): 10-16.

Conn, Steven. History's Shadow: Native Americans and Historical Consciousness in the Nineteenth Century. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004.

Connolly, Thomas J. Archaeological Survey of North Marine Drive, I-5 to Rivergate Industrial District, Multnomah County, Oregon. Oregon Department of Transportation and Oregon State Museum of Anthropology, 1987.

——. “Modeling Prehistoric Cultural Systems in the Willamette Valley: A Demonstration of Regional Diversity.” In Contributions to the Archaeology of Oregon, Association of Oregon Archaeologists Occasional Papers No. 2 (1983): 27-39.

——. Preliminary Report of Test Excavations along the Modified A-2 Alignment for the NE 138th Ave - NE 181st Ave Section of NE Airport Way (Portland), Multnomah County, Oregon. Oregon Department of Transportation and Oregon State Museum of Anthropology, 1989.

—— and Paul W. Baxter. “New Evidence on a Traditional Topic in Northwest Prehistory.” In Association of Oregon Archaeologists Occasional Papers No. 3 (1986): 129-146.

—— and Richard L. Bland. Archaeological Investigations at the Broken Tops and Hemlock Sites. Salem: Oregon State Museum of Anthropology, 1991. Oregon State Museum of Anthropology Report 91-5.

Coupland, Gary and E.B. Banning, eds. People Who Lived in Big Houses: Archaeological Perspectives on Large Domestic Structures. Madison, WI: Prehistory Press, 1996.

Cox, Ross. Columbia River; or Scenes and Adventures during a Residence of Six Years on the Western Side of the Rocky Mountains among Various Tribes of Indians Unknown… [1831]. Version edited by Edgar I. Stewart and Jane R. Stewart published 1957, University of Oklahoma Press.

Cressman, Luther S. An Approach to the Study of Far Western North American Prehistory: Early Man. Eugene: Museum of Natural History, University of Oregon, 1973.

——. “Lower Columbia Indian Weapons.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 49, 4 (Dec. 1948).

——. Prehistory of the Far West: Homes of Vanished Peoples. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1977.

——. The Sandal and the Cave: The Indians of Oregon. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 2005. Reprint of 1981 edition with new introduction. First published 1962.

Croes, Dale R., John L. Fagan and Maureen Newman Zehendner. Evaluation of Archaeological Site 35MU4, the Sunken Village Site, Multnomah County, Oregon. Olympia, WA: Dept of Anthropology, Puget Sound Community College; Portland: Archaeological Investigations Northwest, 2007. Prepared for Sauvie Island Drainage Improvement Company, Portland, OR.

Culin, Stewart. “A Summer Trip among the Western Indians.” Bulletin of the Free Museum of Science and Art of the University of Pennsylvania, 3, 3 (1901):143-164. Reprinted in Northwest Anthropological Research Notes, 34, 1 (2000): 115-139.

Curtis, Edward S. The North American Indian. New York: Johnson Reprint Corp., 1970. 20 vols., 1907-30.

Dall, William Healey. On Masks, Labrets, and Certain Aboriginal Customs: With an Inquiry into the Bearing of their Geographical Distribution. Washington, DC: U.S. G.P.O., 1884. Annual Report of the Bureau of Enthnology, Smithsonian Institution, 1881-1882, no. 2. Reprinted by Storey Books, 1966.



Darby, Melissa. “The Intensification of Wapato (Sagittaria Latifolia) by the Chinookan People of the Lower Columbia River.” In Douglas Deur and Nancy J. Turner, eds., Keeping It Living: Traditions of Plant Use and Cultivation on the Northwest Coast of North America, Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2005.

——. Native American Houses of the Kalapuya. n.p., [ca. 2007]. Report prepared for the Washington County Museum.

——. “Old John’s Skillet.” We Proceeded On, Nov. 2006: 16-21.

——. Wapato for the People: An Ecological Approach to Understanding the Native American Use of Sagittaria Latifolia on the Lower Columbia. M.A. Thesis, Portland State University, Dept. of Anthropology, 1996.

Dart, Anson. “Report to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs.” In House Executive Document 2, 32nd Congress, 1st Session, Washington DC, 1851.

Daugherty, Richard D. An Archaeological Survey of Pacific Gas Transmission Company's Alberta to California Pipeline Project. Pacific Gas Transmission Company and Washington State University, 1960.

Davenport, T. W. “Extract from T. W. Davenport's ‘Recollections of an Indian Agent.’” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 5, 1 (Mar. 1904); 8, 1 (Mar. 1907); 8, 2 (June 1907); 8, 3 (Sept. 1907); 8, 4 (Dec. 1907).

Davis, Debra. Bone Tool Technology: Measurements of Curation and the Spatial Distribution of Bone and Antler Artifacts from a Pacific Northwest Coast Plank House Site. M.A. Thesis, Portland State University, Dept. of Anthropology, 1998.

Deloria, Philip J. and Neal Salisbury, eds. A Companion to American Indian History. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers, 2002.

Dennis, Elsie Frances. “Indian Slavery in Pacific Northwest.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 31, 1 (Mar. 1930); 31, 2 (June 1930); 31, 3 (Sept. 1930).

De Smet, Pierre-Jean. Oregon Missions and Travels Over the Rocky Mountains in 1845-46. New York: Dunigan,1847. Reprint, Fairfield, WA: Ye Galleon Press, 1978.

Deur, Douglas. “Rethinking Precolonial Plant Cultivation on the Northwest Coast of North America.” The Professional Geographer, 54, 2 (2004?):140 – 157.

——. and Nancy J. Turner, eds. Keeping It Living: Traditions of Plant Use and Cultivation on the Northwest Coast of North America. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2005.

Diomedi, Alexander. Sketches of Indian Life in the Pacific Northwest. Fairfield, WA: Ye Galleon Press, 1978. Edward J. Kowrach, ed. Originally published as Sketches of Modern Indian Life, 1884.

Donald, Leland. Aboriginal Slavery on the Northwest Coast of North America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.

Donnelly, Joseph P. The Liquor Traffic Among the Aborigines of the New Northwest, 1800-1860. Ph.D. Thesis, Saint Louis University, 1940.

Dorsey, James Owen. “Indians of the Siletz Reservation, Oregon.” American Anthropologist, 2 (Jan. 1889).

Douglas, David. Douglas of the Forests: The North American Journals of David Douglas. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1980. John Davies, ed.

——. “Sketch of a Journey to the Northwestern Parts of the Continent of North America during the Years 1829, 30, 31, 32, 33.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 5, 3-5 (1904): 230-271, 326-369; 6, 1-4 (1905): 76-97, 206-227, 288-309, 417-449.

Douglas, Mary Elizabeth. Indian Basketry Types and Distribution. M.A. Thesis, University of Oregon, Dept. of Anthropology, 1947.

Downey-Bartlett, Laura B., trans. and arr. Chinook-English Songs. Portland: Kubli-Miller Company, 1914.



Drucker, Philip. Indians of the Northwest Coast. New York: American Museum of Natural History; Garden City, NJ: Natural History Press, 1963.

——. Field Notes, File 78, 1934. Manuscript 4516, Smithsonian Institution National Anthropological Archives.

Du Bois, Cora Alice. The Feather Cult of the Middle Columbia. Menasha, WI: George Banta Pub. Co, 1938.

Dunnell, Robert C., J. C. Chatters and L. V. Salo. Archaeological Survey of the Vancouver Lake, Lake River Area, Clark County, Washington. Seattle: University of Washington, 1973. Report to the US Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District.

Ebihara, May and Gail Margaret Kelly. A Survey of the Indian Population of Portland, Oregon in the Summer of 1955. [Portland]: [s.n.], 1955.

Ecotrust. The Rain Forests of Home: An Atlas of People and Place: Part 1, Natural Forests and Native Languages of the Coastal Temperate Rain Forest. Portland: Ecotrust, 1995.

Ekland, Roy E. “The ‘Indian Problem:’ Pacific Northwest, 1879.” Oregon Historical Quarterly, 70, 2 (June 1969).

Ellis, David V. Archaeological Investigations on the Winmar Pacific Portland Property: Final Report. Archaeological Investigations Northwest, Inc., 1992.

——. Archaeological Testing Of 35MU57: Summary Report. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Archaeological Investigations Northwest, Inc., 1992.

——. Columbia Slough/St. Johns Landfill Cultural Resources Survey. Portland: Archaeological Investigations Northwest, 1998.

——. Cultural Resources of the Proposed Sturgeon Lake Restoration Project Area, Sauvie Island, Oregon. Portland: Willamette Associates, 1986. Willamette Associates Cultural Resource Management Report No. 13.

——. A Cultural Resources Study of the Proposed Hayden Island Marine Industrial Park, Multnomah County, Oregon. Portland General Electric and Willamette Associates, 1986.

——. Data Recovery Excavations at 35MU29/32, Gresham, Oregon. Portland: Archaeological Investigations Northwest, 1992. Archaeological Investigations Northwest Report No. 27.

——. "Of a More Temporary Cast: Household Production at the Broken Tops Site." In E. A. Sobel, D. A. T. Gahr and K. M. Ames, eds., Household Archaeology on the Northwest Coast, Ann Arbor, MI: International Monographs in Prehistory (Archaeological Series 16), 2006: 120 – 139.

—— and John L. Fagan. Data Recovery Excavations at Broken Tops Site (35MU57), Portland, Oregon. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Archaeological Investigations Northwest, Inc., 1993.

—— and Susan Horton. Recent Research at the Blue Lake Park Site (35MU24). Paper presented to the First Annual Oregon Archaeological Conference, Portland, 1985.

—— and Craig E. Skinner. The Social Dimensions of Obsidian in the Portland Basin. Paper presented at the 57th Annual Northwest Anthropological Conference, Eugene, OR, 2004.

Ernst, Alice Henson. “Masks of the Northwest Coast.” [New York]: [?], 1933.

Fagan, Brian M. In the Beginning: An Introduction to Archaeology. New York: Harpers Collins College, 1994.

——. Ancient North America: The Archaeology of a Continent. London: Thames and Hudson, 1995.

Fagan, John L. Archaeological Exploration at 35MU4, the Sunken Village Site, A National Historic Landmark in Multnomah County, Oregon. 2004. Archaeological Investigations Northwest, Inc. Report No. 1342. Submitted to U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District, Portland OR.

—— and Jo Reese. Results of the 1988 Archaeological Survey along the Oregon Shore of the Lower Columbia River Gorge. Paper Presented at the 42nd Northwest Anthropological Conference, Spokane, Washington, 1989.



—— et al. Northwest Pipeline Corporation System Expansion Phase I: Phase 3- Data Recovery and Site Treatment Reports for Oregon Segments, Vol. V. Part 2: Willamette Valley. Archaeological Investigations Northwest Report No. 50, 1996.

Fenstermaker, G.B. First Northwest Colored Trade Bead Chart. Lancaster, PA: G.B. Fenstermaker, 1976.

——. Northwest Colored Trade Bead Chart, No. 2: A Descriptive, Colored Chart of More than 100 Beads from the Northwest United States. Lancaster, PA: G.B. Fenstermaker, 1976.

Ferrell, John Samuel. Indians and Criminal Justice in Early Oregon, 1842-1859. M.A. Thesis, Portland State University, Dept. of History, 1973.

Fixico, Donald. Termination and Relocation: Federal Indian Policy, 1945-1960. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1986.

——. The Urban Indian Experience in America. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2000.

Fleming, Erin D., R. G. Atwell and G. C, Burtchard. The Columbia South Shore Project, Site Forms Supplement. Portland: Laboratory of Archaeology and Anthropology, Portland State University, 1990. Laboratory of Archaeology and Anthropology Cultural Resources Investigations Series Number 2.

Fluharty, Suzanne M. An Enthnobotanical Analysis of Basketry. M.A.I.S. Thesis. Oregon State University, 2004.

Flying Focus Video Collective. Native Perspectives on Sustainability: Nichole Maher (Tlingit); Roberta Conner (Cayuse). Portland: Flying Focus Video Collective, 2008.

Folsom, Franklin and Mary Elting Folsom. America's Ancient Treasures. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1993.

Foreman, Cam and Dave Foreman. Herzog. Portland: Oregon Archaeological Society, 1977. Oregon Archaeological Society Report No. 3.

Frachtenberg, Leo J. Comparative Studies in Takelman, Kalapuyan and Chinookan Lexicography: A Preliminary Paper. [New York: Douglas C. McMurtrie, 1918]. From International Journal of American Linguistics,1, 2 (1918).

——. [Kalapuya Ethnology], ms. 1923-c. Washington: National Anthropological Archives, 1913.

Franche �re, Gabriel. Adventure at Astoria, 1810-1814. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1967. Hoyt C. Franche �re, ed.

——. Journal of a Voyage on the North West Coast of North America During the Years 1811, 1812, 1813 and 1814. Toronto: Champlain Society, 1969. Transcribed and translated by Wessie Tipping Lamb. Edited with an introd. and notes by W. Kaye Lamb.

——. Narrative of a Voyage to the Northwest Coast of America in the Years 1811, 1812, 1813, and 1814; Or, The First American Settlement of the Pacific. New York: Redfield, 1854. J. V. Huntington, tr. and ed.

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Compiled by Nicholas T. Starin, City Planner II, Historic Resources Program, City of Portland Bureau of Planning and Sustainability. The assistance of Prof. Kenneth Ames, Department of Anthropology, Portland State University, and Melissa Cole Darby, archaeologist and former member of the Portland Historic Landmarks Commission, is gratefully acknowledged.



Old John, a Klikitat who lived along the Columbia Slough from ca.1800 to 1892.

Reconstructed Chinookan Plank House, Ridgefield National Wildlife Refuge,

north of Vancouver, WA. Photo courtesy Melissa Darby.

City of Portland, Oregon, Bureau of Planning and Sustainability, Historic Resources Program

Research Guide Series

History of Portland and Oregon: A Selected Bibliography (No. 1)

Architecture, Architectural History & Historic Preservation in Portland & Oregon: A Selected Bibliography (No. 2)

History of African-Americans in Portland & Oregon: A Selected Bibliography (No. 3)

Women’s History of Portland & Oregon: A Selected Bibliography (No. 4)

American Architecture, Architectural History & Historic Preservation: A Selected Bibliography (No. 5)

Location List of Sanborn Insurance Maps Covering Portland, Oregon (No. 6)

Maintenance, Preservation & Restoration of Historic Structures: A Selected Bibliography (No. 7)

Native Peoples & Archaeology of the Portland Area & Lower Columbia Region: A Selected Bibliography (No. 8)

Chinese-American & Japanese-American History of Portland & Oregon A Selected Bibliography (No.9)

Financial Incentives for Historic Preservation: A Summary of Selected Grant, Loan and Tax Benefit Programs (No. 10)

Available: http://www.portlandonline.com/bps/index.cfm?c=39750.