Native-Newcomer Relations,

to 1701

Native-Newcomer Relations

• The Iroquois Confederacy after 1653• The Seven Nations of Canada• The Ojibwa in southern Ontario• The Great Peace of Montreal, 1701

Iroquois Confederacy after 1653

• Iroquois territory after the Iroquois Wars• Iroquois society after the Iroquois Wars• Religious factionalism• Iroquois-French peace and war• Waning Iroquois power

“Iroquois versus Iroquois”Religious factionalism in the

1660s• Purposes for accepting religion• Iroquois people most likely to accept

religion• Factionalism in Iroquois villages• Christian Iroquois villages in Canada• Kateri Tekakwitha

Iroquois-French Peace and War

• 1653: French-Iroquois Peace• 1660: Adam Dollard des Ormeaux• 1665: French-Iroquois Peace• 1687: French offensive into southern

Ontario• 1689: Iroquois offensive at Lachine

Seven Nations of Canada

• Jeune Lorette• Kahnawake (Caughnawaga)• Kanesatake (Lake of Two Mountains)• Akwesasne (St. Regis)• Odanak (St. Francis)• Becancoeur• Oswegatchie

Native Mission Villages

• Economy• Culture• Language• Mixed Ancestry/Marriage• Schooling• Law• French subjects or French allies?

The Ojibwa in southern Ontario

Note: Historians have conflicting explanations for the movement of Ojibwa people into southern Ontario after 1680s/1690s.

Great Peace of Montreal, 1701

• August 4, 1701• 39 Native nations and the French• 1400 Native people gathered at

Montreal• Terms of the Great Peace