Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
THE FIRST MICHIGANIANS
• 11,000 years ago the first Native Americans began to arrive in Michigan.
• Archaeologists uncovered evidence of these people near Detroit. • they found stone tools, spear points, and the remains of a hearth,
or fireplace• Used weapons to hunt animals, such as MAMMOTHS
• They arrived through a passage called the “BERINGA”• This piece of land was a dried up body of water which is now known as the Bering Strait. It separates North America from Alaska
OLD COPPER PEOPLE
• Settlements begin in Upper Peninsula, stayed in one place for periods at a time
• Built villages along shores of Lake Michigan and Superior
• While exploring their new found area they made an important discovery
• While scratching at the soil and rock around Isle Royale and Keweenaw Peninsula they discovered copper.
• Next they discovered heating copper to shape into
• Weapons, tools, jewelry.
MOUND BUILDERS
• 3,000 years ago began to settle in permanent communities
• Built huge piles of earth in their community to hold ceremonies, funerals, and speeches
• More than 600 mounds still exist today
• Mound builders traveled long distances to trade with other Americans. As far as the Rocky Mountains and near Gulf of Mexico
THE MIGRATION WEST & BIRTH OF CULTURE• Around 1,000 years ago Native Americans began leaving their
homes on the east coast and migrated west
• Several of these groups settled in Upper and Lower Peninsula of Michigan
• Largest group was the Chippewa (O’Jibwa)
• The Ottawa settled on shores of Lake Mich.
• Potawatomi made their home in the South
• Of Michigan
• The three were called “Three Fires”
• They were considered family
• Ottawa called Chippewa older brother and
the Potawatomi younger brother
Shared common culture (way of life of group)
Same customs, beliefs, language (Algonquian)
VILLAGE LIFE
• Settled in villages of 50 to 300 people
• Dome shaped housing called “Wigwams”
• Built by covering frames made by small trees with large sheets of bark
• In the center of each home was a fire pit, fire escaped through hole in roof
• Covered door with deer skin in winter to keep home warm
• Chippewa and Potawatomi villages had clans
• Clans were a group made up of different family members
• Members: Mothers, Fathers, Aunts, Uncles, Grandparents, and children
• Often each clan named after an Animal; each clan had its own stories, heroes, and symbols
WORKING TOGETHER
• Preparing for Winter
• Planted large gardens of corn, beans, squash, potatoes, and pumpkins. They gathered nuts, berries, and harvested rice from nearby lakes and rivers
• In the spring they made maple syrup from the sap of maple trees
• They were experts at hunting and fishing; would travel hundreds of miles in search of deer, elk, moose, and buffalo
• Community worked together; used skills to their benefit. Everyone had a job
• Whole villages came together to celebrate harvests. A time for singing, dancing, and games.
• Storytelling a big part of culture, children very good listenors.
• The way people worship the God or gods they believe in.
• Believed in spirits, lived everywhere in the world
• Spirit resided in animal, pebble, or even blade of grass
• Believed spirit would give strength in times of danger
• Carried stones, feathers, and rabbits paw
• Believe all things had purpose and should be used carefully
• Shared gifts with community such as deer etc.
RELIGION THREE FIRES
• Myth- a story that explains the beliefs of a group
• How the Rainbow Was Made
• The Ojibwa Creation Story
• Turtle Island
• Vision Quest
MYTHS
Daily Life as a Chippewa Indian
