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National Urban Search & Rescue Response System

Enhanced Operations in the Contaminated Environment


Enhanced Operations In The Contaminated

Environment

August 2012



MOD 1-2 Version 1

Module 1:

Working in the

contaminated

environment



MOD 1-3 Version 1

Terminal Learning Objective

Upon completion of this module, the

students will be able to identify and state

the mission of the US&R Task Force

while operating in a known or suspected

contaminated environment.



MOD 1-4 Version 1

Enabling Objectives

1-1 Student will be able to discuss the History, Mission, and

Staffing of a US&R Task Force.

1-2 Students will be able to list the Operational Assumption,

the Incident Support Team duties and the IST

Hazardous Materials Specialist’s role.

1-3 Students will be able to discuss the Hazardous

Materials Concept of Operations.



MOD 1-5 Version 1

Enabling Objectives

1-4 Students will be required to meet performance criteria

and meet training criteria as it pertains to Task Force

operations in a contaminated environment.

1-5 Student will be able to identify equipment used for

enhanced operations in a contaminated environment.

1-6 Students will be able to list Operations Security

considerations in all phases of deployment.



MOD 1-6 Version 1

Overview History

Mission

Staffing

Operational Parameters

Concept of Operations

Criteria

Equipment for Enhanced Operations

OPSEC



MOD 1-7 Version 1

Conducting search and rescue operations in

a contaminated environment.

Preparation includes

Training

Specialized equipment

Standardized procedures

Historical perspective



MOD 1-8 Version 1

History

Training developed

US&R WMD Enhanced Operations (all TF

members)

US&R WMD Considerations for

Hazardous Materials Specialists (all Haz

Mat Specialists)



MOD 1-9 Version 1

History FEMA US&R has response history to contaminated environments.

Oklahoma City

World Trade Center and the Pentagon

Columbia Shuttle search

Hurricane Katrina



MOD 1-10 Version 1

Mission

To ensure all US&R Task Force members can safely conduct search and rescue operations within or near a known or suspected contaminated environment.



MOD 1-11 Version 1

Mission

CBRNE is an acronym for

Chemical

Biological

Radiological

Nuclear

Explosives



MOD 1-12 Version 1

Mission Defensive

Emergency measures taken to

Prevent

Avoid

Minimize possible exposure

Offensive

To effect search and rescue operations

and manage hazards



MOD 1-13 Version 1

Staffing

Standard 70 person Task Force

10 Haz Mat specialists deployed as:

Two managers

Two for Recon operations

One to each rescue squad (4 total)

Two for decontamination operations



MOD 1-14 Version 1

Staffing

Heavy Rigging/Equip. Specialist (2)

Logistics

Specialist (4)

Communications

Specialist (2)

Hazardous Materials

Specialist (4)

Medical Team Medical Tm Mgr (2)

Medical

Specialist (2)

Task Force Leader Asst Task Force Leader

Rescue Squad #1

1 Officer/5 Specialists

Canine Search

Specialist (2)

Technical Search

Specialist (2)

Structural

Specialist (2)

Technical Information

Specialist (2)

Plans Team

Medical

Specialist (2)

Hazardous Materials

Specialist (4)

Rescue Squad #2


Rescue Squad #3


Rescue Squad #4


Canine Search

Specialist (2)

Logistics Team

Logistics Tm Mgr (2)

Rescue Team

Rescue Tm Mgr (2) Search Team

Search Tm Mgr (2)

Safety

Officer (2)

Planning Officer (2)

Haz Mat Team

Haz Mat Tm Mgr (2)



MOD 1-15 Version 1

Integration

Haz Mat, Canine, and Medical Personnel integrated according to mission

Task Force Leader has flexibility to alter the organization before, during, and after incident depending on the situation

There is no set organization to match all

possible scenarios. Be flexible to last-minute changes.



MOD 1-16 Version 1

Operational Assumptions The health and safety of the Task Force is the top

priority.

US&R Task Forces may have an extended response time to the incident

Local first responders may not have conducted an initial site characterization prior to US&R Task Force arrival.

Task Forces carry limited supply of atmospheric monitors and PPE



MOD 1-17 Version 1

Operational Assumptions (cont.)

Task Forces require logistics support for

extended operations in the contaminated

environment.

Task Forces will be operating within a Unified

Command structure.

Standards and procedures for Haz Mat

operations will meet existing regulatory

guidelines.



MOD 1-18 Version 1

Operations Assumptions (cont)

NFPA 1994 standard is critical to providing for the health

and safety of Task Force members

Chemical Protective Clothing (CPC) inventory is

intended to allow for 12 hours continuous operations in

the contaminated environment.

FEMA will centrally cache additional equipment for

continuous operations.

Operational safety concerns include site

characterization, modified work schedules, and medical

surveillance.



MOD 1-19 Version 1

Incident Support Team (IST)

Incident Support Team supplemented to

address:

Health and Safety

Logistics support

Protection levels

Interface with state and local government



MOD 1-20 Version 1

Incident Support Team (cont.)

Operational concerns

Work periods and welfare

Briefings and Tactical Operations Plans

Continuity of Command



MOD 1-21 Version 1


It is expected that US&R teams will be

equipped, trained and prepared to operate

in a contaminated environment.

Hazardous Materials Annex to the National US&R Response System

Operations Manual



MOD 1-22 Version 1


Response possibilities

National Security Special

Event

Natural and man-made

disasters

Any other mission given

by Federal direction



MOD 1-23 Version 1


Deployment Phase

At Point of Assembly

In Transit

Base of Operations

On site Operations



MOD 1-24 Version 1


At Point of Assembly

Medical

Pre-deployment medical surveillance

Issue prophylactic medications

Evaluate need for antidote kits

Assign personal dosimetry equipment

Logistics

Provide respiratory protection at all times

Haz Mat cache in a ready state for immediate use



MOD 1-25 Version 1


In Transit

Maintain a heightened state of situational awareness

Continue to gather intelligence

Ensure deployment of the US&R Haz Mat Equipment Push Package (HEPP)



MOD 1-26 Version 1


Base of Operations

Site safety inspections by Safety Officer,

Structural Specialist, and Haz Mat Manager

Consider contamination reduction measures

Continuous monitoring for hazardous or unsafe

conditions



MOD 1-27 Version 1


On Site Operations

Defensive Operations are defined as the precautions

and emergency measures taken to prevent, avoid, or

minimize possible exposure to the release of a chemical,

biological material, incendiary device/compound,

radiological material, and/or detonation of an explosive

device.

Offensive Operations are defined as any operations

where personnel are committed to a known or probable

contaminated environment.



MOD 1-28 Version 1


Defensive Operations

Recon for site characterization and to identify control zones.

Immediate access to all appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE)

Establish emergency decontamination

Establish escape routes and safe refuge areas.



MOD 1-29 Version 1


Offensive Operations

Perform Recon, search, and rescue of victims

Attempt to manage hazards to an acceptable

level of risk

Continuous monitoring of the atmosphere

Establish decontamination areas

Establish escape routes and safe refuge areas.



MOD 1-30 Version 1


Structural Triage and Recon Operations

Haz Mat Specialist assigned to each Recon

Team

Site characterization by the Haz Mat Specialist

and Structural Specialist prior to deployment of

rescue teams

Appropriate monitoring and detection equipment



MOD 1-31 Version 1


Structural Triage and Recon Operations (cont)

Determine PPE/CPC requirements

Establish exclusion and access control points

Identify rescue opportunities

Establish decontamination prior to operations



MOD 1-32 Version 1


Search Operations

Perform search operations within limits of

the PPE

Deploy canines with the understanding

that their mission and capabilities may be

limited by the contaminated environment



MOD 1-33 Version 1


Rescue Operations Haz Mat Specialist may be assigned to each Rescue

Squad for direct monitoring and hazard evaluation.

Establish appropriate zones

Establish appropriate decontamination

Perform rescue operations within limits of the PPE/CPC

Consider compressed work cycles



MOD 1-34 Version 1


Decontamination Operations All phases of operations will have a plan for

contamination reduction and decontamination.

Assign a Haz Mat Specialist to supervise operations

Any member can be part of the DECON Team.

Decontamination capabilities are primarily intended for

Task Force personnel

Logistical support may come from other agencies



MOD 1-35 Version 1


Medical Operations

Continuous medical monitoring of all personnel

and canines to include pre and post deployment

On going medical site surveillance

Monitoring of patients and Task Force members

during rescue, decontamination, and treatment.



MOD 1-36 Version 1

Performance Requirements

Able to work long strenuous hours in an austere environment

Able to work in CPC and respiratory protection equipment

Capable of performing other tasks within the Task Force as assigned

Willing to use nerve agent antidote kit



MOD 1-37 Version 1

FEMA CBRNE US&R Training Requirements

Task Force Training “Hazardous Materials First Responder Operations” per 29

CFR 1910.120 (q) (6) (ii)

Respiratory protections training and annual quantitative fit

testing per 29 CFR 1910.134

“Duties of the Entrant” per 29 CFR 1910.146 (PD2011-004

rev1 or subsequent directive) Appendix A

US&R Enhanced Operations in the Contaminated Enviroment



MOD 1-38 Version 1


Monitoring and Detection Equipment

Chemical Protective Clothing

Personal Protective Equipment

Respiratory Protection Equipment

Decontamination Equipment



MOD 1-39 Version 1


Detection and Monitoring



MOD 1-40 Version 1


Chemical Protective Clothing



MOD 1-41 Version 1


Respiratory Protection



MOD 1-42 Version 1


Decontamination Equipment



MOD 1-43 Version 1

Operational Security (OPSEC)

Risk management tool to protect

information critical to public safety

missions.

Protect unclassified information.

Prevent adversaries from using general

information against us.



MOD 1-44 Version 1

OPSEC

DoD most familiar with

OPSEC

IOSS (www.ioss.gov)

Homeland Security

allows responders to

obtain IOSS training

aids



MOD 1-45 Version 1

Federal Employee

Federal rules

Federal policies

Federal mandates



MOD 1-46 Version 1

Pre-Deployment

Disseminate information

Memorandums

Emails

Website

Newsletters

Social Media (PD2011-021 or subsequent directive)



MOD 1-47 Version 1

During Deployment

Release of Information

Cell phone calls

Social Media (PD2011-021 or subsequent

directive)

Release of location and mission

Cyberspace

Souvenirs

Photographs



MOD 1-48 Version 1

Demobilization and Post-Deployment

After Action Reports (AAR)

Lecture circuit

TV interviews

War stories



MOD 1-49 Version 1

Summary

History

Mission

Staffing

Operational Parameters


Performance and Training Requirements


OPSEC



MOD 1-50 Version 1

Review and Examination

Documents

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