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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENTIN AGRICULTURE
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE,ANIMAL INDUSTRY & FISHERIES
REPUBLIC OF UGANDA
OCTOBER, 2017
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
TABLE OF CONTENTSAcronyms and Abbreviations 3
Foward 7
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 8
1. INTRODUCTION 12
1.1 Rationale for a National Strategy for Youth Employment in Agriculture 12
1.2 The Strategy Formulation Process 13
1.3 Structure of the strategy 13
2. SITUATION ANALYSIS 15
3. OVERALL STRATEGIC DIRECTION 24
Illustration of Youth Inclusion and Employment along the Agricultural Sector Value Chain
4. VISION, MISSION, GOAL, THEMATIC AREAS AND STRATEGIC THRUSTS 25
Thematic Area 1. Strengthening The Enabling Framework For Youth Employment 27
Thematic Area 2: Support Youth-Oriented Agriculture Extension 32
Thematic Area 3: Improve Youth Education And Learning 32
Thematic Area 4. Support Youth Entrepreneurship 35
Thematic Area 5.Adaption To And Mitigation Of Agribusiness Risks And Uncertainties 37
5. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGMENTS 39
A Multi-Sectoral Approach to Implementation 39
6. FINANCING OF THE STRATEGY 41
7. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK 43
7.1 Introduction 43
7.2 Monitoring 43
7.3 Evaluation 43
ANNEX 1. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES AND NARO INSTITUTES 44
ANNEX 2: RESULTS FRAMEWORK WITH SUMMARY COST 46
ANNEX3: APPROACHES ADOPTED UNDER VARIOUS YOUTH PROGRAMS 58
ANNEX 4: NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
- DETAILS OF INVESTMENT EFFORT AND COST 59
GLOSSARY 67
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
AfDB - African Development Bank
AFRISA - African Institute for Strategic Animal Resource Services
AIDS - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
ASSP - Agricultural Sector Strategic plan
AYAP - African Youth Agri-Entrepreneurship Programme
AU - African Union
AU-NEPAD - Africa Union New Partnership for African Development
BRAC - Building Resources Across Countries
CAADP - Comprehensive African Agriculture Development Programme
CAES - College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences
CDO - Community Development Officer
CDO - Cotton Development Authority
CPM - Commodity Production and Marketing
CSO - Civil Society Organisations
CURAD - Consortium for Enhancing University Responsiveness to Agribusiness
Development
DANIDA - Danish International Development Agency
DAO - District Agriculture Officer
DDA - Diary Development Authority
DFO - District Fisheries Officer
DSIP - Development Strategy Investment Plan
DVO - District Veterinary Officer
EAYIP - East Africa Youth Inclusion Programme
FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
FGDs - Focus Group Discussions
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
FMARD - Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
FtF - Feed the Future
FTBIC - Food Technology Biotechnology Incubation Center
GOU - Government of Uganda
GTZ - German Technical Cooperation
HIV - Human Immunodeficiency Virus
IANYD - Inter Agency Network on Youth Development
IFAD - International Fund for Agricultural Development
IITA - International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
ILO - International Labour Organization
ITU - International Telecommunication Union
KIIs - Key Informant Interviews
MAAIF - Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries
MDAs - Ministries, Departments and Agencies
MDGs - Millennium Development Goals
MFPED - Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development
MGLSD - Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development
MOH - Ministry of Health
MSME - Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
MOES - Ministry of Education and Sports
MTIC - Ministry of Trade, Industry and Co-operatives
NAADS - National Agricultural Advisory Services
NAES - National Agriculture Extension Strategy
NAGRC & DB- The Animal Genetics Resource Centre and Data Bank
NAP - National Agriculture Policy
NAPYE - National Action Plan for Youth Employment
NARO - National Agricultural Research Organisation
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
NDP - National Development Programme
NEP - National Employment Policy
NPA - National Planning Authority
NPHC - National Population and Housing Census
NSYEA - National Strategy for Youth Employment in Agriculture
NUCAFE - National Union of Coffee Agribusinesses and Farm Enterprises
NYEAP - Nigeria Youth Employment in Agriculture Programme
OWEC - Operation Wealth Creation
PSFU - Private Sector Foundation Uganda
PWD - People with Disabilities
SAIP - Strategic Action and Investment Plam
SG2000 - Sasakawa Global 2000
SPEC - Strategy Paper for Employment Creation
SSA - Sub Saharan Africa
SWOT - Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats
SWTS - School-To-Work Transition Survey
TWG - Technical Working Group
ToT - Training of Trainers
UCA - Uganda Cooperative Alliance
UCDA - Uganda Coffee Development Authority
UCFA - Uganda Coffee Farmers’ Alliance
UIA - Uganda Investment Authority
UIRI - Uganda Industrial Research Institute
UN - United Nations
UNCTAD - United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNDESA - United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs
UNDP - United Nations Development Programme
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
UNEP - United Nations Environmental Programme
UNFFEE - Uganda National Farmers’ Federation
UNESCO - United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation
UNFPA - United Nations Population Fund
UNICEF - United Nations International Children’s Fund
UNIDO - United Nations Industrial Development Organisation
UNRWA - United Nations Relief and Works Agency
UNWTO - United Nations World Tourism Organisation
UPE - Universal Primary Education
USAID - United States Agency for International Development
USD - United States Dollar
USE - Universal Secondary Education
VCF - Venture Capital Fund
WIPO - World Intellectual Property Organisation
YLP - Youth Livelihood Programme
YAP - Young Aldolescents Project
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
FOREWORD
Y outh un-employment is one of the major socio-economic policy challenges facing Uganda’s economic growth and development today.
Unless this problem is amicably addressed, it will peg back Uganda’s ambition to reduce poverty and attain a middle-income status by 2020.
Aware of this challenge, Government under the Vision 2040 and the second National Development Plan (NDP II) has put in place strategies to expand the country’s productive base and reduce unemployment and poverty.
To contribute to this process, the Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) put in place a National Agricultural Policy in 2013 which is being operationalized through the Agriculture Sector Strategic Plan (ASSP 2015-2020).
One of the aspects of ASSP is to attract, retain and support youth and their employment in the various aspects of the agriculture value chain. This national strategy for youth employment in agriculture is therefore part of the broader implementation of the ASSP.
Encouraging and supporting youth in agriculture is one of the several strategies that government has adopted in order to address youth unemployment. There is broader acknowledgement that young people are dynamic, enterprising and very innovative. MAAIF is collaborating with other stakeholders to implement programs that support the youth to realize their potential in the agricultural sector.
Government will continue to harmonize, review and strengthen the laws, policies and other regulations to ensure a supportive policy and legal framework is in place for youth employment in agriculture.
The Vision of this strategy will be realizing an economically empowered youth from gainful employment in agriculture. While this strategy will focus on the broader category of youth, specific interventions will be strategically designed for youth in the age category of 14-17 years especially school dropouts who have not been well targeted under various government programs.
This strategy will be implemented under the following themes:
i. Ensuring an enabling environment for youth employment in agriculture;
ii. Supporting youth oriented agricultural extension;
iii. Improving youth education and learning
iv. Supporting youth entrepreneurship; and
v. Adaptation to and mitigation of agribusiness risk and uncertainties.
Bringing youth early into various agricultural practices will inspire posterity for various agricultural enterprises in crop, animal husbandry, fisheries and aquaculture. This will create the next generation of farmers, processors and traders. Once these young people are recognized and given room to bring about their ideas at an early age, they can progress to incubate them and eventually inspire a new agricultural age.
MAAIF will conduct impact assessment studies to unpack best practices as this strategy is implemented and support efforts provided to scale them up. There will be a focus on ensuring decent work, supporting use of ICT in agriculture, use of innovative information and messaging platforms. These will include use of internet and the social media to reach the youth and other platforms. Government will revitalize the National Agricultural Youth Forum to facilitate this process.
I would like to thank all stakeholders; state and non-state actors who have contributed to the formulation of this strategy. Special thanks go to; The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) for the technical and financial assistance provided in the process of the formulation of this Strategy.
………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………....
Hon. Vincent Bamulangaki Ssempijja (MP)
MINISTER, MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL INDUSTRY AND FISHERIES
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Uganda’s economy relies heavily on the agricultural sector which employs about 65% of the working population, of which 63% are youth. Most of these youth reside in rural areas where agriculture is the major economic activity. The youth make up the largest percentage of Uganda’s population. Over 92% of the youth in employment are poor and they represent some of the biggest cohorts when it comes to extreme poverty (ILO, 2015a).
Three quarters (3/4) of working youth are in vulnerable employment where they are not in decision making positions, cannot negotiate own wages and most do not hold own bank accounts. They contribute prevalently to unpaid family labour force in households mostly practicing subsistence farming. A low skill set has seen very slow progression in the employment of youth in other stages of the agricultural value chain (especially at post–harvest handling, processing and agri-business).
A1: SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
About seventy eight percent (78%) of Ugandans are below 30 years of age (Statistical Abstract 2016). Despite being the majority, they still face varying problems including inability to own or access land, lack of affordable financing for agribusiness start-ups as well as the technical know-how to be effectively employed in the sector. The gender differences among the youth have had a negative impact especially on the young women.
The young women try to find work in the male-dominated social setting that makes them more vulnerable to marginalization. For instance, most are in a socio-cultural environment that precludes them from inheriting land yet it is fundamentally critical for agricultural employment. Young women in rural areas are 88% more likely to contribute family labour than young men who often have a better access to paid work. Attracting more young people in decent employment under various stages of the agriculture value chain is therefore imperative. In order for Uganda to have significant growth, it will have to invest in programmes that improve youth livelihood by providing them with a springboard for gainful employment. Most youth remain unemployed or underemployed, while others are absorbed in the informal sector characterized by low quality working conditions, unstable earnings and job insecurity.
YOUTH ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION
Uganda’s economy has been improving consistently, particularly in comparison with other low-income and Sub-Saharan African countries. Since 2015, the Global Innovation Index (GII) has ranked Uganda as a top ‘innovation performer,’ a title given to countries that, over a number of years including the two most recent, have been identified as innovation achievers and pillar outperformers.
This laudable progress stems from sustained economic growth coupled with a commitment to private-sector development and innovation. Though encouraging, this nascent progress will translate into real benefits for the broader Ugandan population only if policy makers understand and address specific constraints in the innovation systems in agro-food sector. This strategy is therefore, aiming at ensuring that Uganda’s enterprising and innovative youth are reached with proper incentives to help them unleash their potential. This strategy will strengthen the legal and institution
al framework for youth employment in agriculture, ensure provision of youth-sensitive agricultural extension services; support youth entrepreneurship; establish a national youth fund; support setting up of national information centers as innovation incubation hubs; and support broader youth entrepreneurship and mitigate risks and uncertainties usually faced by the agricultural sector.
A2: RATIONALE FOR THE STRATEGY
Unemployment is without a doubt one of the biggest challenges facing Uganda’s socio-economic development. As a natural resource based economy, agriculture provides a great potential for employment. A large proportion of this potential is not being fully exploited. The strategy therefore, has been designed to enable the youth to join the agriculture sector and in so doing enable them to find decent employment which will in the long run contribute in solving the major challenges facing agriculture in Uganda, such as low production and productivity, high post-harvest losses and low value addition.
A3: LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK
Section 2 of the 1995 Constitution provides for equality and freedom from discrimination and highlights that a person shall not be unfairly treated on grounds of
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
sex, race, tribe, religion, social or economic standing, political opinion or disability of any kind. This strategy is to be implemented in the spirit of the 1995 Constitution (as Amended) that provides for respect of the rights and freedoms of youth. However, because of legal presentation with contradictions and overlapping presentation of who youth are and what they have the potential to do, youth have been in most instances unfairly treated and denied their right to gainful employment.
This is especially true for the young boys and girls who would have preferred to work in the agriculture sector. The strategy operationalizes the National Agricultural Policy (2013) and is part of the broader implementation of the Agriculture Sector Strategic Plan (ASSP 2015-2020). This strategy is in line with the National Youth Policy that aims to leverage all efforts in all sectors to ensure that they contribute meaningfully to the development of the youth. Part of the implementation of this strategy will be to strengthen the current legal policy and institutional framework so that youth in the working age category of 14-17 years who are mainly excluded from most development programming are brought on board. Strategic interventions will be made to encourage their broader inclusion in the agricultural sector.
For instance, while youth in this category are not able to form, own SACCOs or other institutions (owing to their recognition by the constitution as children) they can form informal entities as producer or agri-business entities.
A4: VISION, MISSION, GOAL, STRATEGIES AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES
Vision statement
Economically empowered youth from gainful employment in agriculture
Mission statement
Enhancing youth employment by reducing deterrents to decent and gainful employment
Goal
Increased and sustainable youth employment in the agriculture sector at various levels of the value chain
The Strategy for youth employment in agriculture is guided by the following principles: inclusiveness, non-discrimination, gender responsiveness, innovation
and adaptability, multi-sectorial collaboration, good governance all under a value chain approach.
A5: THE STRATEGY’S THEMATIC AND INTERVENTION AREAS
A5.1 Strengthening the enabling environment for the youth employment
MAAIF in collaboration with other MDAs and non-state actors will strengthen a legal, policy and institutional framework to create an enabling, sustainable and profitable employment of youth along the various aspects of agriculture value chain. The focus will be put on removing the obstacles and binding constraints that have for long prohibited youth employment in agriculture.
These include: lack of skills, affordable financing, inability to afford key production and processing equipment; and most essentially the inability to own land. Through a Youth-in-agriculture Fund, MAAIF will work with other MDAs to set up a facility for youth to obtain affordable financing, set-up training facilities, access public and private land as well as critical equipment as required for start-ups especially at the production part of the agriculture value chain. MAAIF will also work with various actors to include youth between 14-17-year olds who due to regulative limitations have been precluded in most programmes in agricultural sector development.
A5.2 Supporting youth-oriented agricultural extension
Research and extension are the bedrock of all agriculture. Working through the Directorate of Agriculture Extension Services (DAES), MAAIF will support a wider effort under the single spine modular to reach youth with various technologies to maximize both quality and quantity and ensure proficiency in production and productivity. DAES will ensure that on-going work under Operation Wealth Creation (OWC) and Sustainable Land Use Management (SLM) is youth-sensitive and targeted. There will be adoption of already proven methods like Farmer Field Schools and Junior farmer field and life school to conduct capacity building sessions for vulnerable youth, review and adapt guidelines on integration of youth oriented extension services for both school-going and out-of-school youth. MAAIF through its decentralized structures like the Zonal Agricultural Research Institutions (ZARDIs) will conduct scoping studies and assessment of extension
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
approaches and methods to identify good practices for scaling-up.
A5.3 Improving youth education and learning
A lot of emphasis on agricultural education and learning has been put on farming, but less on other aspects of the agriculture value chain (especially post-harvest loss reduction, processing and agri-business). MAAIF will work with the Ministry of Education and Sports to review the current agriculture curriculum to make it more practical and responsive to youth needs in modern day agriculture. MAAIF will support and promote peer-to-peer learning approaches and also enhancing agricultural vocational training.
A5.4 Supporting youth entrepreneurship
As a key strategy to ensure gainful employment in agriculture, government will support youth entrepreneurship events in crop, animal husbandry, fisheries and aquaculture with a focus on market readiness and honing agri-business acumen. Government will promote and support youth agricultural entrepreneurs as an incentive for job creation and income generation.
A5.5 Adaptation to and mitigation of agribusiness risks and uncertainties
Aware of the negative effect of climate change, Government will invest in efforts to increase adaptation to and mitigation of climate change effects. Efforts will also be made to ensure adherence to occupational health and safety standards since this is critical in advancing decent work in the sector. Efforts will be sustained to address the challenges of HIV and AIDS as well as mitigation of agribusiness risks and uncertainties that require agricultural insurance.
A6:IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS
This is a national strategy to inspire youth employment in agriculture and will be implemented utilizing a multi-sectorial approach involving Government Ministries, Departments and Agencies, Local Governments, the private sector and other non-state actors.
A7: MONITORING AND EVALUATION
The broader MAAIF Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system will be updated to include youth-in-agriculture indicators against which this strategy’s performance
will be appraised. Utilizing already existing M&E mechanisms under various departments of the ministry, Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) will be generated to report performance at the national level.
At the decentralized structures, guidance will be provided to district and urban authorities on capturing, reporting and utilizing data on performance under crop, animal husbandry, fisheries and aquaculture at all stages of the agriculture value chain. Reporting of performance under this strategy will be part of MAAIF submissions under the National Development Plan M&E framework; the Government Annual Performance Report; and the Budget Accountability and Monitoring Report of the Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development.
A8: FINANCING THE STRATEGY
This strategy will cost UGX 52.9 billion shillings over the next five years broken down as below:
Thematic Area Five Year Budget (UGX)
Strengthening Enabling Environment
31,533,236,000
Youth Oriented Agri-cultural Extension
(already budgeted for)
Youth Education 10,551,600,000
Youth Entrepreneurship 2,131,120,000
Addressing Risks and Uncertainties
4,823,773,000
M&E and Inflation 3,882,166,000
Total for 5 Years 52,921,895,000
A9 COMMUNICATION STRATEGY
Using an interplay of social media, formal meetings, mass media, print and electronic media and public gatherings, MAAIF will implement a communication strategy aimed at reaching all youth with messages about the viable options for gainful employment in ag-riculture at various stages of the value chain.
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
INTRODUCTION
This is a national strategy that has been designed by the Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) to attract, as well as, support and retain youth employed at all levels of the agriculture value chain. While youth constitute the highest proportion of Uganda’s population with about 70% below the age of 30, a host of obstacles have hampered their employment in the agriculture sector. This has contributed to high levels of youth unemployment – one of the main socio-economic challenges facing the country. If not addressed, this will peg-back the prospects of attaining the medium income status by 2020. MAAIF, has designed this strategy aware that the current youth population is growing faster than rate of job creation. This strategy will also operationalize the Agriculture Sector Strategic Plan (ASSP) aimed at drawing from existing programmes and initiatives to address the issues that deter the youth from embracing agriculture.
1.1 Rationale for a National Strategy for Youth Employment in Agriculture
Uganda’s economy heavily relies on the agricultural sector which employs 59% of the working population, of which 63% are mostly youth in rural areas - agriculture is the major economic activity (NDP II). The majority of youth remain unemployed or underemployed, while others are absorbed in the informal sector characterized by low quality working conditions, unstable earnings and job insecurity. It has become a challenge for youth to find gainful, secure and decent employment in most sectors of the economy and especially agriculture – where opportunities for employment are highest.
While it is recognized in the ASSP that the current capacity for involvement of the youth in agriculture is limited, there are measures that can be devised to address this problem and hence, the rationale for this strategy.
The youth are facing mainly the following challenges:
i. Prohibitive aspects and contradictions within the current legal framework that has precluded youth aged between 14-17 (above the minimum age for employment) in gainful employment;
ii. Low access to, and control over, productive resources (especially land);
iii. Limited knowledge and skills in modern farming, processing and marketing techniques;
iv. Income poverty, driving youth to small income-generating activities such as commercial motorcycle transport (“bodaboda” riding), petty trade and other lowly paying service sector jobs;
v. Linked to (iii) above youth lack of marketable skills leading to unstable earnings and job insecurity, because of low education levels; and
vi. Scattered interventions targeting the youth under various public and non-state projects and programmes without a coherent focus on addressing root causes of youth unemployment.
This strategy aims to convey greater logic and nuance amongst different interventions between different actors working on youth engagement in rural areas and the agricultural sector in order to avoid duplication of efforts and promote synergies among various players. The government and a number of stakeholders consider that this strategy will support inclusion of youth priorities in the agricultural sector.
1.2 The Strategy formulation process
This strategy is an outcome of a highly participatory process that was spearheaded by MAAIF. The technical process was conducted by a Technical Working Group (TWG) and with technical support from UN-FAO. It comprised of experts drawn from MAAIF, Ministry of Gender Labour and Social Development (MoGLSD), National Planning Authority (NPA), Uganda Coffee Development Authority (UCDA) and Youth Associations, and was chaired by the NPA. The stakeholders who participated in the strategy development process include MAAIF Officials (led by the Department of Agricultural Investment and Enterprise Development); National Planning Authority (NPA); Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development (MGLSD) Officers; FAO, and other UN-Agencies; Civil Society Organizations (CSOs); Local Government officials; selected farmers in crop, animal industries as well as fisheries and aquaculture; Private sector; United States Agency for International Development (USAID); Building Resources Across Countries (BRAC); Sasakawa Global 2000 and; Gayaza High School among others. It also included the youth who are currently employed in the agricultural private sector or those affiliated to agricultural projects funded and promoted by both Government of Uganda (GoU)
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
such as the Youth Livelihood Programme (YLP), and the Venture Capital Fund. Four regional consultative workshops were held during the period August-September, 2016. The workshops were held in Lira town (for the Northern and West Nile region), Mbale town (for the Eastern region), Mbarara town (for the Western region), and Mukono (for the Central region), to ensure wide national consultations, contributions, acceptance and ownership.
A total of 1,515 youth and key informants were involved in the process of formulating the strategy. Out of these, 220 were participants in the aforementioned consultative regional workshops that included technical and political officers. These were; District Production Coordinators (DPCs), District Agricultural Officers (DAOs), District Veterinary Officers (DVOs), District Fisheries Officers (DFOs), Community Development Officers (CDOs), District Youth Officers, Resident District Commissioners (RDCs), Chief Administrative Officers (CAOs). Others were; religious leaders (drawn from the Catholic Church, Church of Uganda, and Muslims, as well as other faiths, and cultural/traditional leaders. Further, eight Key Informants were interviewed in each of the regions, giving a total of 32. This was supplemented by four Focus Group Discussions that were held in each region that contributed to a total of 240 respondents.
A survey was held to inform this strategy and was contributed to by over 303 sampled respondents drawn from the four regions that we randomly selected from youth groups and non-group members. A total of 85 University students were also interviewed while 635 secondary school students (drawn from “O level” and “A level”), were also randomly selected and interviewed. By and large, deliberate sampling efforts were geared towards gender balance, and inclusion of youth that engage in agriculture and those that are not involved in agriculture. Further, a value chain approach and an in-depth SWOT analysis were also undertaken
during the workshops. All the fields of agriculture where youth are engaged in and/or can benefit from were considered. These were: apiary, crops, fisheries, forestry and livestock.
A number of relevant MAAIF agencies were consulted, including; NAADS and NARO (and its Zonal Agricultural Research Development Institutes in the various regions), who have the mandate to develop technologies which youth in agricultural employment can adopt for increased productivity and incomes. Other line Ministries that were consulted were: MGLSD that is mandated with labour issues and policies, and Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development (MFPED) that funds and monitors many of the funding programmes related to youth employment in agriculture. Universities and other tertiary institutions of learning were also represented in regional workshops. Youth organizations working with other development partner programmes such as World Food Programme (WFP), Purchase for Progress Programme, USAID’s Feed the Future programme, and Agricultural sector working group were also among the stakeholders consulted. A number of organizations that have also been involved in the implementation of youth programmes were also consulted, especially on lessons learnt, such as: BRAC, ADB (under Enable Youth Uganda),
1.3 Structure of the strategy
The strategy is organized in six chapters. This chapter presents the background while Chapter two shades light on the situational analysis. Chapter three highlights the strategic direction while chapter four details the Vision, Mission, Goal, thematic areas, strategic objectives, and strategic interventions. Chapter five presents the implementation arrangements. The strategy concludes with chapters on financing arrangements and Monitoring and Evaluation framework. The report also presents the results framework and a detailed budget which are annexed.
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
• The share of young people in the 15-29 age group who are neither in employment, education or training, rose in 30 of the 40 countries for which data were available in 2013.
• In developing countries, 60 percent of workers in the 15-29 age group lacked a stable employment contract, 60 percent had below average wages, 80 percent were in informal employment in 2012.
A number of strategies have been put in place to ensure sustainable and inclusive growth in Europe. Europe 2020, the European Union’s ten-year growth strategy, sets the framework for a coordinated response in order to emerge stronger from the crisis and to improve the long-term prosperity of its citizens, including youth.
1.6 2.1.2 African context
In Africa, main regional bodies and policy processes acknowledge that youth unemployment is a daunting development challenge. In particular, integrating youth in agriculture and agribusiness is a key priority in the implementation of the Sustaining CAADP Momentum Results Framework (2014-24). Likewise, the Malabo Declaration on Accelerated Agricultural Growth and Transformation for Shared Prosperity and Improved Livelihoods, endorsed at the African Union summit in 2014, identifies specific youth-related targets under its “Commitment to Halving Poverty by the Year
1.4 SITUATION ANALYSIS
This chapter presents the global, regional and national context on youth status and employment. At the national level it details the Strengths Weaknesses and Threats to youth employment in agriculture. It is against this analysis that various strategies were crafted to remove barriers to youth engagement and employment in the agriculture sector.
1.5 Youth status and employment: Global, Regional and National Context
2.1.1 Global context
Over the last 30 years, the issues of youth employment have risen high on the development agenda. Nearly, a third of the world population are between the ages of 15 and 34 years and live in developing countries (World Bank, 2013). In Africa today, over 60% of the population are below the age of 25 years. Youth employment is very high on the global development agenda. Goal 8 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on Full and productive employment and decent work for all sets dedicated targets on youth (see Box 2). Several UN organizations, including FAO, are actively engaged in global processes and fora on youth employment, such as the Inter-Agency Network on Youth Development (IANYD) and its System-wide Action Plan on Youth (UN Youth-SWAP), as well as the Global Initiative on Decent Jobs for Youth (DJ4Y). Overall, numerous metrics point to the fact that the youth face enormous challenges in entering into the labour market , and getting productive and decent jobs, in particular:
• Over 74 million youth (aged 15-24), were unemployed in 2013, an increase of more than 700,000 over the previous year
• The global youth unemployment rate was about 13 percent, which is about three times as high as the adult unemployment rate.
• There were 37.1 million fewer young people in employment in 2013 than in 2007.
• The global youth labour force participation rate of 47.4 percent in 2013, was more than two percentage points below pre-crisis level, as more young people dropped out of the labour market.
DEFINITION OF YOUTH
• The United Nations (UN) defines ‘youth’ as people between the ages of 15-24 years.
• Most African countries adopt the African Union (AU) definition of youth as people between the ages 15-35. This Programme adopts the AU definition when referring to youth. However, it also takes into account the differences in aspirations, needs and challenges between the 15-24 and 25-35 age cohorts.
• Uganda defines its youth as being between the ages of 18-30 years. However, this is a mismatch with the Uganda National Youth Policy that define the youth as; “all young persons; female and male aged 12 to 30 years”.
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
2025, through Inclusive Agricultural Growth and Transformation.” The specific targets identified are: 1. Create job opportunities for at least 30% of youth in the agricultural value chains; 2. Support and facilitate preferential entry and participation for women and youth in gainful and attractive agribusiness opportunities.
In terms of programmes and other initiatives, the region has already engaged in a wide range of ongoing inter-ventions towards youth employment. Examples include: The AfDB-IITA-AGRA programme Empowering Nov-el Agribusiness-Led Employment for Youth (ENABLE Youth); The Nigeria Youth Employment in Agriculture Programme (NYEAP); IFAD-supported Community Based Natural Resource Management Programme in the Niger Delta; The African Youth Agri-preneurship Programme (AYAP) in Ghana, among others.
To harness the potential of the sector to create produc-tive and decent jobs for youth in Africa and to attract young people, agriculture will need to be more dynam-ic and appealing, and young people will need to view the sector in a more positive manner. Last, but not least, responding to the rural youth employment challenge in SSA requires a broad approach and enhanced coher-ence among interventions in different policy areas such as: poverty reduction, youth development, education, employment and social protection.
In Africa, the employment challenge is particularly pro-nounced and aggravated by the increasing numbers of youth entering the labour market. Figure 1 shows that the youth population will continue to rise in Sub-Sa-haran Africa (SSA), throughout the 21st century, even though it is projected to decline in other regions
. Africa south of the Sahara has both the world’s fast-est growing population and the youngest population. By 2050 the subcontinent with its projected 1.7 billion people, will be the second most populous region in the world after South Asia.
In rural areas, the number of young peo-ple will continue to expand into the 2030s
, which has far reaching implications for develop-ment, food security and employment in Africa in the decades ahead. Between 2010 and 2050 other regions will experience a significant decrease in rural popula-tion, while Africa south of the Sahara will add an esti-mated 150 million people in rural areas (an increase of nearly 30 percent).
The young people yet to be born will be in addition to the 330 million already present and about to enter the labor force, of whom 195 million live in rural areas. As Figure 1 shows, the number of people entering rural labor markets each year is projected to increase until at least 2035.
Figure 1: Projected youth population by region; 1969 -2100*
*Based on data from United Nations (2011), cited in: Proctor and Lucchesi (2012), op cit.
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
2.1.3 National context
The Ugandan population is to a large extent comprised of a high and increasing cohort of young people. With a high population growth rate of 3.2 percent per annum, Uganda is going through a young population bulge with close to 78 percent of its population below the age of thirty, and the median age being 15 years
. The youth (18-30 years) represent approximately 23 percent (estimated at about 9.2 million) of the population and they comprise over 64 percent of the unemployed persons in Uganda
. This large youth population presents immense opportunities for national development. However, challenges related to transitioning successfully from education to employment, and finding viable employment and income-earning opportunities remain critical huddles.
Source: CIA World Factbook - Last updated on July 9, 2017
Employment
Over 92% of the youth in employment are working poor, and youth are also overrepresented among the extremely poor
(ILO, 2015a). Three out of four working youth are in vulnerable employment, as either own-account work-ers or contributing (unpaid) family workers, predomi-nantly in the agricultural sector. Young women in rural areas are more likely to be contributing to family la-bour and have less chance than young men of obtaining paid work (12.0 % compared to 21.4 % of young men)
. Vulnerability also varies by age group.
In Uganda, there are specific gender roles that make young women more vulnerable to challenges to their work within agriculture. Women work within a male dominated society – source of their, exclusion
This proportion is continuing to rise and will peak in coming years hence, creating a global “youth bulge”. There are growing fears in the social circles that this bulge of underemployed youth will weaken community and societal bonds and heighten social unrest, including crime, riots, and armed conflict and terrorism.
Young people (see definition in Box 1) who have weaker links to the world of work than the general population are disproportionately affected by the current global employment situation. Lack of relevant work experience, weak economic prospects, and dwindling new job openings exacerbates young people’s chances of getting jobs despite their levels of education, high energy, enthusiasm and innovative ideas that they might bring to the labour market. Since the economic crisis of 2008, young people are increasingly finding it difficult to penetrate the job market.
The young men and women constitute the largest proportion of the country’s labour force. The youth share of unemployment was 64% in 2013. The largest uneducated group that is unemployed is located in rural areas, while the reasonably educated are mostly urban. Also, in addition to unemployment, underemployment remains a major problem in rural areas, as well as the high rates of poor quality and low-productivity jobs and activities. According to the second “School-to-Work Transition Survey” (SWTS) undertaken by UBOS in 2015, labour underutilization is a major problem with more than one quarter of the working population (27 percent) underutilized in relation to time, inappropriate skills and low pay. The vast majority of young Ugandans are working.
However, the quality of employment is low for most of them, which results into the majority of young people and the country failing to make the most out of their economic potential. (UBOS, 2016) . Sixty three percent (63%) of the youth are in agriculture and mainly in rural areas (NDP2). Youth unemployment is predominant among the female youth. In spite of the Universal Primary Education (UPE), Universal Secondary Education (USE) and affirmative action for entrance of young women into tertiary institutions, many young women are still illiterate and
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lack the vocational skills that would enable them to get employed or create their own jobs. Evidence provides that out of the 6.9 million Ugandans that were non-literate during the 2009/10 period, 5.5 million were women and only 1.4 were men aged 15 years and above
. Further, young women (15-29 years) are faced with a number of gaps in the labour market. These include higher unemployment rates, wage gaps and, higher shares in vulnerable employment, among others
. Also, although Uganda has taken various steps aimed at reducing the gender gap in the education system, the proportion of females classified as neither in Education nor in Employment or Training (NEET) is about 19 percent which is nearly three times that of males (7 percent) (UBOS, 2016).
Evidence reveals that youth engagement in agriculture is declining amidst rising youth unemployment, yet the services and industrial sectors despite growing at considerably faster rates have not created enough jobs for the burgeoning youthful labour force. This has implications on food security, unemployment, and underemployment and may undermine the government efforts to drive economic growth through agriculture
.
The withdrawal of youth from agriculture is higher than that of the older cohorts. The shift from agriculture is biased towards the services sector and more prominent among the educated youth. On a positive note, compared to other countries in SSA, Uganda’s agriculture seems to have been effective in engaging graduates in agriculture and in providing higher shares of young workers in the agriculture sector in (wage) stable jobs, although with low shares compared to middle-income countries at 13.3 per cent (ILO, 2015
). Yet, the majority of the youth that work in agriculture face harsh and poorly remunerative conditions. The Industry and Services sectors being skill driven, agriculture is often seen as the only option for the less skilled youth where their return on labour can be enhanced and maximized through less investment in training and capitalization.
Most youth are engaged in some sort of agricultural activity
. For the most part, however, youth do not see the attractiveness of agriculture as a primary income generating activity. Young Ugandans are interested in agriculture in terms of second income generation, and many of them respond positively to the question “do you want to be a farmer in the future?” However, they react negatively to subsistence farming, which is the form
of agriculture to which most youth are exposed. This distaste for subsistence farming is not unwarranted, as low agricultural yields and the natural vulnerability of crops prompt many youths to perceive diversification of income as a stronger livelihood strategy than a singular focus on farming. As such, many youths seek pathways to the workforce that still allow them to ‘keep a foot in the door’ of agriculture, especially as many youths believe that they will one day return to their parents’ land.
The following were the non-farm economic activities that youths are largely involved in; Bodaboda, Sand quarrying /mining, Brick making, Charcoal making, Mechanic works, Hawking of various household items, Porters at construction sites, Sales promotions, Prostitution, Pick pocketing, Mobile money and airtime transactions, Attendants in shops, bars, lodges and banks, ICT related business (such as recording music and films on CDs and DVDs), Commercial music, dance and drama, and Salon business.
It is important to focus on 14-17 age group
as a special category of young persons
, and as beneficiaries of the agriculture sector in the near future. Globally, about 47 million youth aged 15 to 17 are engaged in hazardous work. They account for 40 % of all youth employed in this age group and 28 % of all child labour
. Youth under 18 also face additional challenges in accessing productive resources and services or joining representative organizations due to their status as minors.
In Uganda, among the major reasons that warrant focusing on these young people is that they constitute about 10.3 percent
of the population and according to the Employment Act, they are allowed to work (article 32 on employment of children). However, they are not allowed to perform hazardous tasks (both hazardous by nature and by conditions.
It’s also noteworthy that few interventions, programmes and policies focus on them. Other reasons are: they are energetic and there is a need to harness their innovative potential; they are still developing their aspirations, are more vulnerable than the youth, are ill-prepared for the transition into adulthood, and lack awareness of existing capacity building services. Moreover, here is a lack of policies targeting them as compared to the
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18-30-year youth category that are constitutionally recognized and. This age group is also excluded from participation in government policies and programmes design and implementation. Such programmes as Youth Entrepreneurs Scheme (YES), Youth Opportunities Programme (YOP); Youth Venture Capital Fund (YVCF) and Youth Livelihood Programme (YLP) are meant for the 18-30-year youths. The youth in 14-17 age category are also excluded from decision making within their families, communities and development initiatives. It is therefore, crucial to create mechanisms for their voices to be heard and recognized and that they are part of the decision-making process with regards to programmes and policies that affect them.
Legally, these young people are below the constitutional age of a youth. They encounter major barriers to access resources, services, employment opportunities, and markets. The majority of youth in this age group operate in the informal sector and are unable to access decent working conditions or appropriate social protection (i.e. fair wages, insurance, safe working conditions, employment contracts, etc.).
Young persons of this age category are more vulnerable to exploitation in the labour market due to their lack of skills, low bargaining power, and because they often end up in the informal sector of the economy. Further, (i) employers may be reluctant to employ them formally partly due to the limitations that the legislations poses to employment of children under 18 years and negative perception regarding their ability to do good work,
(ii) they tend to be denied employment contracts, hence get paid low wage or work in indecent working conditions since many are unaware of their rights,
(iii) related labour legislation is often not enforced. In this group of people, boys are often found in hazardous tasks, while girls tend to work for as long as 14 hours or perform low or unpaid work. One million children aged 14-17 years were estimated to be involved in hazardous work
.
The sensitivity of the female further compounds the challenges faced by this cohort. Females usually have fewer opportunities due to community perception and expectations that include early marriage, family caring tasks and mobility constraints. They usually have less control over the income they earn, are exposed to more risks and have lower retention of jobs (due to early
pregnancy, sexual harassment, etc.). Young people below 18 years of age face a legal barrier to access financial services as they are not even allowed to open bank accounts and lack the requisite assets (including land) to act as collateral for loans. The Youth aged 14-17 are often excluded from cooperatives and associations as direct members, which impedes their ability to access markets and business services.
The following categories are marginalized groups and require special, tailored attention; the Illiterate, out-of-school youth who have not completed basic education, the disabled, orphans, child-headed households, children from pastoral or nomadic communities, girls living in communities that have negative or disempowering gender related practices (i.e. FGM, early marriage), young girls in hazardous or forced labor, young refugees and displaced persons, those affected by HIV or AIDS and/or living with relatives affected by HIV or AIDS, those living with albinism, those living and working in the street or in conflict with the law, and those from very poor families.
1.1.1 Legal, Policy and Regulatory Framework
The constitution of Uganda provides for youth rights and privileges It also tasks policy makers, nationals and implementers to respect the rights and freedoms of youth. Section 2 of the Constitution provides for equality and freedom from discrimination and highlights that a person shall not be unfairly treated on grounds of sex, race, tribe, religion, social or economic standing, political opinion or disability of any kind. However, because of widespread and perceived ignorance of this law, many youths have been denied many employment opportunities.
It also provides for disadvantaged groups that include Persons with Disabilities (PWDs), women and youth. Laws, cultures, customs, and traditions which are against the dignity or interests of women or other disadvantaged groups are prohibited. Access to and ownership of land remains a big challenge for the youth and women. This should be a basis for providing an enabling environment to provide the pre-requisites to attract the youth into agriculture.
Section 24 defines Economic rights of nationals. In Article 40 part (1), Parliament is tasked with passing
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laws, (a) to provide for the right of persons to work under good, safe and healthy conditions; (c) to ensure that every worker is given rest and reasonable working hours and periods of holidays with pay, as well as payment for public holidays. These provisions provide for decent employment of nationals.
The National Employment Policy (NEP) recognizes the twin challenge of poverty and unemployment in spite of impressive economic growth over the years. Accordingly, a strategic framework has been formulated to guide efforts towards employment within a stable macroeconomic environment. The policy is anchored on key Government policies and legislation such as the National Vision (2025), the National Development Plan II, the National Constitution and other relevant legislation. It draws inspiration from various commitments to regional and international obligations, such as, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and now replaced by Sustainable Development Goals,
National Youth Specific Policy Framework
The Government of Uganda has prioritized the generation of more and better jobs for the youth. This is well articulated in Government policies and strategic documents as highlighted in this section. Also, the current policy and strategic framework to promote youth employment is cognizant of the role that agriculture currently plays, and can potentially play to increase youth employment and contribution to national development. The National Strategy for Youth Employment in Agriculture (NSYEA) has been developed in total alignment with these existing frameworks, with the aim to foster policy coherence. Youth employment priorities are reflected at macro level in the country’s National Development Plan (NDP II).
Its objectives are to: Promote decent employment opportunities and labour productivity; Enhance effective participation of communities in the development process; Improve the resilience and productive capacity of the vulnerable persons for inclusive growth; Improve the capacity of youth to harness their potential and increase self-employment, productivity and; Promote rights, gender equality and women’s empowerment in the development process; Improve the performance of
the sector institutions; Reduce imbalances and improve access to opportunities for all.
The NDP II, identifies agriculture as one of the priority sectors for investment given its great multiplier effect and potential on Uganda’s economy. Emphasis is placed on investing in 12 enterprises (Cotton, Coffee, Tea, Maize, Rice, Cassava, Beans, Fish, Beef, Milk, Citrus and Bananas). Employment-relevant interventions refer to: Increase access to agricultural finance services; Promote commercialization of agriculture particularly amongst smallholder farmers; Strengthen Farmer Group formation and cohesion including commodity associations, platforms, federations and co-operatives; Promote time and labour saving technologies targeting women farmers; and strengthening agricultural research.
The NPA Strategy Paper for Employment Creation (SPEC)1 identified the major handicaps to youth employment as: inadequate employment opportunities, a high population growth rate, slow economic growth, small formal private sector, low education levels (the majority of the youth have only attained primary education), and limited skills, skills mismatch due to the slow responsiveness of the education system to technological and general global advancement for the youth. Further, to attract the youth into agriculture the paper calls for addressing an important element of decent work. The Strategy proposes a holistic value chain development approach and acknowledges a number of youth oriented programmes already in place, namely: Youth Livelihood Programme, the Youth Venture Capital Fund, the Youth Enterprise Scheme, the Programme for Children and Youth and Skilling Uganda.
The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSMEs) Policy guides the private sector to significantly contribute to sustainable and efficient value addition2.The policy recognizes the following strengths that could provide a strong foundation for MSMEs to
1 NPA (2015). The National Planning Authority, PEC Paper, January, 2015. Kampala, Uganda.
2 Republic of Uganda (2015). Ministry of Trade, Industry and Cooperatives (MTIC). Uganda Micro, Small and Medium En-terprise (MSME) Policy. Kampala, Uganda
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flourish and promote youth employment: (I) a stable macroeconomic environment, (ii) support at policy and implementation levels, academic and research institutions, (iii) a supportive legal framework,(iv) an enterprising and trainable labour force, (v) natural resource endowments, (vi) a conducive investment climate.
The National Employment Policy (2011) identifies youth employment promotion as well as agricultural and rural employment among its critical action areas. The policy is organized around main objectives: I) To promote macro-economic policies and investment strategies for employment creation; ii) To increase productivity, competitiveness and employability of the labour force, especially the youth and other vulnerable members of the labour force; iii) To promote in-employment skills development, training and apprenticeships and/or internships, especially for the youth; iv) To ensure availability of reliable and timely labour market information, and v) To promote and protect the rights and interests of workers in accordance with existing labour laws and fundamental labour standards.
Youth engagement in agriculture and employment promotion are recognized priorities in the agriculture policy framework. Yet, a coordinated strategy for this purpose is missing. The overall objective of the
National Agricultural Policy (2013) is to “promote food and nutrition security and household incomes through enhancing sustainable agricultural productivity and value addition, providing employment opportunities, and promoting domestic and international trade in Uganda”. Among the six operational objectives, employment-relevant ones include (1) Ensure household and national food and nutrition security for all Ugandans; (2) Increase incomes of farming households (3) Promote specialization in strategic, profitable and viable enterprises and value addition through agro zoning; and (4) Develop human resources for agricultural development. The policy emphasizes the importance of supporting improved working conditions and fundamental principles and rights for agricultural workers.
SWOT ANALYSIS
An analysis of the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) of agriculture in the context of the youth was undertaken. This strategy will be implemented within internal and external dynamic environments. The internal environment analysis will assist in developing strategies, maintaining the strengths, and minimizing the weaknesses. The analysis of external environment will assist the Ministry (MAAIF) to exploit the available opportunities and to have the ability to face the foreseeable threats during implementation of this strategy. A detailed SWOT is presented below;
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Table 1: SWOT Analysis of the Youth in the Agricultural Sector
STRENGTH WEAKNESS1. Availability of abundant and affordable labour
force of the youth1. Youth negative attitude towards farming
2. Availability of basic Indigenous knowledge in agri-culture
2. Limited involvement of the youth in some agricul-tural value chain nodes
3. Youth are energetic, and can be utilized to undertake labour intensive activities
3. Lack of sufficient knowledge and skills in agricultur-al related ventures
4. The youth are flexible and can easily be relocated 4.i) Low mechanization which increases inefficiency
5. Innovativeness of the youth (since some have ample education)
4.ii) Lack of adequate market information4. iii)Poor transport infrastructure which makes inputs and out-puts expensive4. Iv) Limited storage and agro-process-ing facilities6. There are platforms for peer learning (e.g. there are
some successful youth with viable running projects of piggery, vegetables like fresh beans, poultry and agri-culture
7. Easy to mobilize with motivators/incentives 5. Youth want quick wins (e.g. sports betting) – not pa-tient, they are not committed
ADD: Presence of High levels of subsistence
8. Youth are trainable 6. Limited access to financial services and agriculture insurance
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS1. Agricultural inputs (e.g. machinery) are tax free 1. Competition for labour with non-other agricultural
activities taking them away from agriculture due to its nature (labour intensive, time consuming and longitu-dinal)
2. Availability of unutilized land 2. Competition for resources allocation from other sectors
3. Climate variability and change (prolonged drought, floods, shifts in seasons, etc.)
3.Availability of markets both national regional and in-ternational markets has widened market opportunities (including EAC and COMESA)
4. Degradation of productive resources (including de-clining soil fertility, decreasing water bodies
4. The political environment is currently supportive of youth programmes. Government’s goodwill to enhance youth engagement in agriculture by setting youth pro-grammes (e.g. youth livelihood programme, youth venture capital fund)
5. Land fragmentation is a threat to mechanized ag-riculture
6. Price fluctuations, especially for agricultural com-modities
7. Unfavorable external economic factors (e.g. Infla-tion, shilling depreciation, etc.)
8. Pests and diseases
2. Availability of agricultural financing products
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3. OVERALL STRATEGIC DIRECTION
3.1 An Overview
Agriculture is perceived by a larger cross section of the youth as not being an attractive source of employment yet it is a source of livelihood for over 70% of Ugandans. Agriculture has the highest potential to reduce poverty. However, various bottlenecks have hindered the maximization of this potential including limited inclusion and employment of youth in agriculture in spite of a number of initiatives in place to make this possible.
Uganda has one of the youngest populations in the world with over 70% of the population below the age of 35. However, most interventions have targeted youth between 18-30 years leaving out the 14-17-year-olds because persons below 18 years are children.
The existing policies, legal and regulatory framework accords limited attention to the 14-17 year olds making them vulnerable to poor conditions in the job market. Youth lack adequate access to assets and lack security of land tenure, are lowly skilled in entrepreneurial aspects, lack access to finance, land equipment and adequate social capital, among other challenges. The strategic direction seeks to address these critical gaps.
This strategy is operationalizing the Agriculture Sector Strategic Plan (ASSP 2015-2020) which is the broader framework for implementing the National Agriculture Policy (2013). The strategy addresses economic, social and political challenges which lead to lack of or low incomes, low food production, food and nutritional insecurity. The strategy has the following vision, mission, thematic areas, strategic objectives, strategies and specific activities.
3.2 Youth Employment along the Agriculture Value Chain
To implement this strategy, the approach that has been devised is to build a dual approach that (on one hand) tackles challenges precluding youth employment in agriculture, and (on another hand) supports new
investments that will inspire youth (both those already in agriculture and new incomers) to participate gainfully from decent employment in the different agriculture sub-sectors namely: crop, animal husbandry, fisheries and aquaculture and along the various stages of the value chain.
As shown in the diagram below, Government will put in place a conducive legal, policy and institutional framework to create an enabling framework that attracts, retains and inspires prosperous youth engagement in various aspects of the value chain.
Government will harmonize, review and strengthen the legal framework and ensure good governance and accountability. Working under the same arrangement on-going under the National Agricultural Extension Policy, Government will support youth-focused agricultural services, review and adopt guidelines on integrating youth into various aspects of extension. Government will support youth’s access to agricultural inputs such as seed, feeds, fertilizers, farming equipment and other technologies for the youth.
This will lead to increased production and productivity working with households and community networks especially on better utilization of both public and private land. More focus will be put on post-harvest handling and value addition so that youth can produce products that generate high returns from processed output produced to meet national, regional and international markets.
This strategy has a number of cross-cutting themes critical to youth employment in agriculture that include: Ensuring Gender equity and Equality including aspects of social protection for the vulnerable including PWDs; ensuring that implementation cognizant of the inclusion of all aspects of climate smart agriculture as well as Use of ICT and innovations to ease the cost of doing business and expand the knowledge base. The strategy will also propel sharing of best-practices and related awareness creation so that they are scaled up to the benefit of the wider agricultural sector.
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4.4 Thematic Areas
Strategic interventions to support youth employment in agriculture are aligned to the following five
distinctive thematic areas:
Thematic Area 1: Ensuring an enabling environment for youth employment in agriculture
Thematic Area 2: Supporting youth oriented agricultural extension
Thematic Area 3: Improving youth education and learning
Thematic Area 4: Supporting youth entrepreneurship
Thematic Area 5: Adaptation to and mitigation of agribusiness risk and uncertaintie
4. VISION, MISSION, GOAL, THEMATIC AREAS AND STRATEGIC THRUSTS
4.1 Vision Statement
Economically empowered youth from gainful employment in agriculture
4.2 Mission Statement
Enhancing youth employment by reducing deterrents to decent and gainful employment in agriculture
4.3 Goal
Increased and sustained youth employment in the agriculture sector at the various levels of the value chain
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THEMATIC AREA 1. STRENGTHENING THE ENABLING FRAMEWORK FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT
This thematic area will focus on the following main strategic areas. These include strengthening the policy, legal and institutional framework for youth employment, enhancing land access and control by the youth, strengthening family and community involvement in youth agricultural programmes/projects to enhance ownership and sustainability, increasing access to agriculture finance; increasing access to ICT for youth in agriculture; increasing access to markets, and supporting youth in agricultural mechanization.
4.4.1 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 1: Strengthening the policy and legal framework
Currently, there exists a number of gaps within the country’s legal, policy and other regulatory frameworks that constitute significant barriers against youth involvement in agriculture. The definition of youth itself has contestation owing to the recognition of children as all persons below the age of 18. This has led to the marginalization of youth aged between 14-17 years and who are legally eligible and able to work in some aspects of agriculture. Owing to the fact that most of Uganda’s population depends on subsistence agriculture for their livelihoods, medium and extensive agriculture has been practiced by larger scale farmers who constitute less than 20% of all farming population – mostly excluding the youth. A number of binding constraints including limited access to land, finances and technical know-how have limited the presentation of agriculture as a viable commercial option – an issue that has led to a drive of youth to commercial businesses in peri-urban and urban towns away from agriculture. Worse still, some negative perceptions around agriculture as a hard labour activity handed out as ‘punishment’ or ‘community service’ in schools and communities respectively have in some instances been a disincentive to attracting young people to the sector.
Absence or limited legal frameworks to regulate the sector has made it difficult for youth to reap the benefits that the sector promises including high cost of agricultural financing (and lack of diversity in financial products to incentivize enterprise set-ups), high cost of doing business as well as limiting tax structure that is a disincentive for youth investment in the sector. Due to limited provision in the financial sector, most youth are not eligible to form producer groups, cooperatives
and other SACCOs which minimizes their opportunity to invest. Weak, enforcement of laws coupled with weak penalties has seen a rise in sale of counterfeit inputs – further frustrating young people and eroding their faith in agricultural practice and realization of tangible benefits. This strategy will be including the revitalization of the national agricultural youth forum to present these and concerns pertaining to institutional and regulatory challenges to relevant authorities. In order to appraise the performance of this strategy, MAAIF will strengthen reporting, collaborative learning and information sharing supported by a tailored Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system. There is therefore, a need to ensure that a supporting and enabling environment is in place to address these challenges. These and other strategies to ensure a conducive environment for youth employment in agriculture are stated below:
Strategic Interventions
a) Identifying, reviewing and harmonizing laws, policies and strategies relating to youth in agriculture;
b) Lobbying Government and policy makers for legal provisions that recognize the 14-17 year- olds;
c) Promoting awareness initiatives about youth enabling laws, procedures, rights, programmes, obligations and remedies;
d) Supporting dissemination of the National Strat-egy for Youth in Agriculture (NSYEA) infor-mation and on various youth-in-agriculture pro-grammes and projects;
e) Supporting monitoring and enforcement of reg-ulations pertaining to agricultural services espe-cially, agro-inputs;
f) Building capacity of MAAIF to mainstream youth issues in their programmes and partner-ships inclusive of 14-17-year-olds;
g) Strengthening M&E systems for youth inter-ventions in various enterprises;
h) Lobbying for provision of youth agribusiness tax incentives;
i) Lobbying for increased rural electrification to spur processing at lower costs; and
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j) Revitalizing the National Agricultural Youth Forum.
4.4.2 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 2: Enhance land access and control by the Youth
Land is one of the critical factors of production yet the majority of youth have limited access and rights to own land at household and community levels. This is partly attributed to gender differences, inheritance, and cultural beliefs. Among most cultures, female youth continue to be excluded from land ownership because land is typically inherited by their male counterparts. Most women work on land that they borrow or hire which is usually smaller plots averaging less than two (2) acres.
There are cases where male youth have been given land but have opted to sell it to generate financial resources to start off-farm businesses. Another concern is high incidences of land fragmentation. This is mainly as a result of land inheritance where parents pass on land to their children through a will or through cultural systems – and one that prioritizes hand over of land to mainly male youths since female youth are expected to move away from their home once they get married. In some cases, when young women have a legal claim to land, it can be difficult for them to enforce it because they at times lack the education and financial resources to press a claim.
Aware of the need to ensure access land by youth, Government’s strategy will be to sensitize communities on the importance of youth employment in agriculture and the need to ensure that land is availed to make this possible. Government will build community capacity to ensure efficient utilization of both public and private land by utilizing resources in a proposed youth land fund. The following will constitute the main strategic interventions.
Strategic Interventions
a) Lobbying for establishment of a national youth land fund to support efficient utilization of land to support young people especially women in agriculture;
b) Building the capacity of community networks that will support young people especially women to promote utilization of public and private land.
4.4.3 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 3: Strengthen family and community involvement in youth agricultural programs/projects to enhance ownership and sustainability
Families and communities are critical in agriculture yet they rarely participate adequately in program prioritization and planning for youth involvement in the sector. Communities can play a very strong role in mobilization of youth to participate in various programmes and projects so that gradually youth appreciate the investment effort required to benefit optimally from various agricultural enterprises. Communities have hosted Farmer Field Schools (FFS) to demonstrate practical skills for uptake by young people. The strategy is therefore, to support parents, guardians and community leaders to demonstrate success stories as effective peer influence on the young people as a means of mentoring and creating of a mind-set change on agriculture as a viable option for employment. To embark on this process, the following strategic interventions will be carried out:
Strategic Interventions
a) Educating youths on the values of family and community structures;
b) Supporting youth, parents and community participation in agricultural programmes/projects’ designs, implementation and monitoring;
c) Ensuring nurturing and implementation of mentorship programmes with special emphasis on proximity skills for the 14-17 year olds; and
d) Supporting initiatives that create mind-set change among the youth and communities to invest in agriculture as a viable venture.
4.4.4 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 4: Increase access toagriculturalfinance
Financial constraints are more pervasive in agriculture and related activities than in service and industry sectors, reflecting the risky nature of agricultural activities. Despite some development of financial services in Uganda, the majority of youths have limited access to finances that can make them competitive in the market. The ability of agricultural enterprises and rural households to invest for the long term and make calculated decisions for risky income flows is partly shaped by the availability of financial services (MAAIF, 2010). Access to financial services, in particular savings
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and credit products, would expand their opportunities for more efficient technology adoption and resource allocation.
Financial contracts in rural areas involve higher transaction costs and risks than those in urban settings because of the greater dispersion of production, lower population densities, the poor quality of infrastructure, and the seasonality of rural production activities. Invariably, banks and other traditional finance institutions find it risky to lend to agricultural endeavors. This pushes the interest rates up and calls for high value collateral, and hence, excluding resource constrained youth. Wealthier farmers can obtain larger loans at lower cost from formal lenders because they can credibly pledge assets or future cash flows. Asset-poor households by contrast, are limited to considerably smaller loans at much higher rates. To address these challenges, the following strategic interventions will be undertaken:
Strategic Interventions
a) Sensitizing youth and relevant financial institutions regarding available financial products to establish formal links;
b) Advocating for more youth-friendly financial products working with financial institutions focused on relevant agricultural machinery and equipment among other inputs to support project start-ups;
c) Lobbying Government to establish an innovation incubation fund for youth groups;
d) Supporting the establishment and capacity building of youth farmer groups, Savings and Credit Cooperatives (SACCOs) and Village Savings and Loan Associations (VSLAs) to ease mobilisation, and increase savings and access to agricultural finance;
e) Supporting establishment and promotion of special microfinance schemes for the 14-17 year olds beginning at the national level.
4.4.5 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 5: Increase access and use of ICT for youth in agriculture
This is an information age and access to ICT is critical in knowledge sharing on developments in the agriculture sector as well as demonstration of modern practices at all stages of the agriculture value chain. With increased
ICT penetration (especially the use of mobile smart phones and social media).
While this is possible with youth in urban and peri-urban centers, access to information remains a challenge for youth in rural areas. To reach youth with information and enable them access ICT facilities to boost their engagement in agriculture, Government will set up community information centers, sensitize youth, and provide training in use of ICT tools for agriculture and use these centers as reference points for knowledge-based agricultural service provision for the youth across the country. Sensitization drives will be carried out using radio FMs, television programs and print media. The following will be the key strategic interventions:
Strategic Interventions
a) Establishment of internet enabled community information centers (including ICT software and equipment) to provide and promote market information sharing to and among the youth in agriculture;
b) Sensitizing and training youth in using ICT in agriculture; and
c) Undertaking research and support dissemination of offline tools that are usable with no or limited internet connectivity.
4.4.6 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 6: Increasing access to markets
Markets provide the incentive for sustained production. However, not only is there inadequate market infrastructure in the country, in terms of coverage and quality (such as rural feeder roads), but linkages between producers and buyers are weak and information sharing is meager. This is the reason why many farmers have limited access to markets. Demands from both domestic and foreign markets have not been met due to low productivity, unsustainable volumes, but also lacking in terms of quality to penetrate other niches and well-paying buyers. Government focus will be to support youth to sustainably produce within a market orientation. This will require support to agro-processing and post-harvest handling infrastructure and supporting youth to be organized in informal and formal groups and cooperatives to benefit from economies of scale; reduce processing and value addition costs and achieve profitability that agriculture is able to provide. The following will be the key strategic interventions.
30
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
Strategic Interventions
a) Supporting the youth in sustainable production of high quality, value, quantity and safe agriculture products;
b) Supporting agro-processing and post-harvest handling infrastructure (including cottage industries);
c) Organizing youth into formal and informal groups with focus on rural youth aged 14-17-year olds;
d) Support and promote initiatives in market linkages such as: capacity for storage (to bulk up supplies), contract negotiations and market analysis.
4.4.7 Thematic Area 1 Strategy 7: Support youth in agricultural mechanization
Modernization of agriculture requires high investment in mechanization. Attracting youth into agriculture
makes access to agricultural machinery imperative. Currently, agricultural machinery and equipment are in limited supply in the country in comparison to their high demand. Tractors, and related farm implements and equipment are hard to access, and where they are accessible are prohibitively priced. Making agricultural machinery available and training youth on their use will be critical in increasing land use efficiency. In addition, youth will be supported to undertake machinery and equipment repairs and maintenance by linking them to technical operators.
Strategic Interventions
a) Support the youth to acquire skills for operating, maintenance and fabrication of agricultural tools and equipment building on what is being provided in formal institutions;
b) Establish youth agro machinery hire and leasing pilot scheme.
32
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
THEMATIC AREA 2: SUPPORT YOUTH-ORIENTED AGRICULTURE EXTENSION
This thematic area will be implemented as part of the broader effort to operationalization of the National Agricultural Extension Policy which is intended to address past shortcomings in agricultural extension service delivery and cause sustained progression of smallholder farmers from subsistence agriculture to a market oriented and commercial farming. The focus of this theme is to inspire youth-friendly extension services including successful approaches such as farmer field schools among others.
4.4.8 Thematic Area 2 Strategy 1: EffectiveParticipationtomaximizebenefitsofyouth-oriented agricultural extension services
Government embarked on the programme to revitalize agricultural extension services with reforms under a single spine system that integrates all aspects of agricultural extension to be provided under one ‘stream’ of delivery. The aim of this approach was to eliminate parallel institutional arrangements as well as the separation of agricultural input supply from the extension service delivery system. Government through this strategy will organize the youth to effectively organize, manage, strengthen, regulate and develop human resources, techniques and technologies to advance their enterprises. This is because while smallholder farmers produce more than 80% of all food, they manage only 12% of all agricultural land. Obtaining critical skills is critical in maximizing the potential that this land provides. To this end the following interventions are planned:
Strategic Interventions
a) Conducting a series of capacity building sessions for youth (with focus on vulnerable youth);
b) Reviewing and adapting guidelines on integration of youth into extension services;
c) Conduct a scoping study and assessment of extension approaches and methods (including e-extension, gender and nutrition sensitive, youth targeting, and market oriented) to identify good practices;
d) Carrying out promotion activities for youth involvement in agriculture services.
THEMATIC AREA 3: IMPROVE YOUTH EDUCATION AND LEARNING
Currently, the nature of agriculture education in Uganda is mainly theoretical yet by its nature, the subject is meant to have more hands-on exposure to the youth. To ensure an enduring inclusion and employment of youth in the agriculture sector, a protracted effort will be sustained to mainstream agriculture education at all levels. Government will under this theme provide youth-focused education and learning interventions using best practices and approaches in agricultural education and learning.
4.4.9 Thematic Area 3: Strategy 1: To Promote Peer-to-Peer Learning Approaches
Government will, under this strategy, support efforts to review the curriculum to promote practical orientation of youth in agriculture; support youth agricultural clubs to conduct agricultural competitions that facilitate peer-to-peer learning and promote practical exposure to youth both in and out-of-school. Government will utilize already existing institutions like the Zonal Agricultural Research Institutes (ZARDIs) to support this process. The following will be the strategic interventions:
Strategic Interventions
a) Advocating for and supporting the review of the education curriculum to promote practical orientation of youth to agriculture;
b) Supporting and promoting Youth agricultural clubs and camps;
c) Conducting National agricultural competitions for the youth to facilitate peer learning;
d) Promoting practical school farming systems (e.g. school gardens for students’ practical teaching);
e) Supporting life skills development and HIV/AIDS prevention and mitigation initiative;
f) Conducting capacity building events for youth trainers to mentor the 14-17-year-old youth.
4.4.10 Thematic Area 3 Strategy 2: P r o m o t i n g agricultural vocational training
The impact of youth employment in agriculture will be more efficient when youth are able to link theory to practice. Youth in schools can plant food crops like
33
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
vegetables that include cabbages, tomatoes and leafy vegetables such as amaranthus.
They can keep a fish pond or a zero-grazing cow and learn by doing. Promoting agricultural vocational training would inspire hands-on approaches in production, post-harvest handling and processing of various outputs.
By so doing, youth can appreciate agriculture as a business when they are still young and view it positively and as a viable professional option of employment. To this end the following interventions are planned:
Strategic Interventions
i. Lobbying Ministry of Education and Sports (MoES) and other stakeholders to support vocational institutions to offer formal and informal short courses to the youth;
ii. Supporting provision of start-up support to the 14-17-year young persons to complete informal skills trainings combined with sustained mentoring and coaching;
iii. Providing scholarships and grants to training programs in vocational skilling;
iv. Revitalizing and improving the functionality of existing agriculture training institutes;
35
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
THEMATIC AREA 4. SUPPORT YOUTH ENTREPRENEURSHIP
While there have been initiatives by Government in the past to increase youth entrepreneurship through skilling and other efforts, sustained training on the agricultural value chains and other areas largely remains low at all levels.
Entrepreneurship is critical to driving marketing and trade since youth will be aware of market demands and strive to produce with a target in mind.
Government under this theme will train youth in food processing, packaging, branding and marketing through the support of incubation facilities such as the one at Makerere University known as the Food Science and Technology Business Incubation Centre (FTBIC), Uganda Industrial Research Institute (UIRI) and CURAD housed at Makerere University Agricultural Research Institute, Kabanyolo (MUARIK).
These are few facilities to reach out to by all youth targeted under this strategy.
4.4.11 Thematic Area 4: Strategy 1: Promote and support youth agriculture entrepreneurs as an incentive for job creation and income generation
Aware of the limited provision of services to orient youth in various aspects of agricultural entrepreneurship, Government will utilize the ICT information centers proposed under this strategy under Theme 1: Strategy 5. Government will also support efforts to ensure proper administration, management, and operation of these structures and man them with dedicated and trained specialists. To support youth entrepreneurship, the following systems are planned:
Strategic Interventions
a) Support youth agricultural entrepreneurs to access business incubation services;
b) Build capacity of the youth to write viable agriculture proposals and business plans for sourcing of funds;
c) Work with MoES in provision of basic functional literacy and numeracy skills to the 14-17 young persons (to those unable to attend schooling
37
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
THEMATIC AREA 5. ADAPTATION TO AND MITIGATION OF AGRIBUSINESS RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
Risks and uncertainties have increased in recent times and have led to devastating losses. They include chang-es in weather patterns due to climate change; a drop in yields due to crop failure (linked to a low use of organ-ic and inorganic fertilizers) all these combine to cause output and price fluctuations. These theme is purposed to address these shocks.
4.4.12 Thematic Area 5: Strategy 1: Enhancing youth’s adaptation and resilience to climate related agri-business risks and uncertainties
Adverse effects of climate change have seen a rise in occurrences of prolonged droughts, shift in rainy sea-sons, reduced rains, and higher temperatures. Many farmers have faced losses due to vagaries of nature. Some farmers borrow funds for production, only to lose the entire or part of the crop or livestock or fish stock, and invariably fail to pay back. There are limited insur-ance schemes available for young people engaged or willing to come into agriculture, to compensate farmers for such losses. It is therefore evident that farmers lack adequate knowledge regarding the climate change phe-nomenon and its impacts. Government will implement the following interventions under this strategy;
Strategic Interventions
a) Ensuring uptake of best practices, innovations and technologies relevant to addressing agribusi-ness risks and uncertainties;
b) Supporting interventions towards effective and efficient dissemination of information on weather patterns and early warning systems for CSA and
better agribusiness planning;
c) Promoting agricultural insurance to cushion agri-cultural loss; and
d) Designing and implementing a robust rapid re-sponse and disaster preparedness system.
4.4.13 Thematic Area 5 Strategy 5.2: Enhancement of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS)
Ensuring a secure and safe working environment at the various stages of the agricultural value chain is critical in attracting youth to these sector. It will also go a long way in dispelling the negative perception of agriculture as hard, tedious and laborious undertaking. OHS will also be emphasized at all levels of the agriculture value chain including at: installation of new plant or processes in design or installation, or added to existing plant or process.
Proper arrangements shall be made to ensure safety and absence of health risks related to the use, handling, storage and transport of agricultural outputs. Skills will be imparted to ensure technical know-how regarding use of protection gear to limit exposure to health and safety hazards. Enhancement of OSH contributes also to youth employment creation by transforming hazardous work performed by those in the age group 14-17 into decent agricultural jobs.
Strategic Interventions
a) Support research and promote best practices on working conditions across the value chain and especially agri-business;
b) Support sensitization of youth, especially the most vulnerable ones, on occupational health and safety including aspects to address hazardous child labour activities;
c) Provision of protective gears and labour saving technologies.
39
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
5. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGMENTS
5.1 A Multi-Sectoral Approach to Implementation
This is a national strategy to inspire youth employment in agriculture and will be implemented utilizing a multi-sectorial approach involving Government Ministries, Departments and Agencies, Local Governments, the private sector and other non-state actors. In order to effectively implement this strategy, MAAIF will set up a cohesive and collaborative effort to form a multi-dimensional and multi-institutional approach to this implemen-tation. Overall, MAAIF will be the lead implementing agency doing the coordination and implementation of this strategy. MAAIF will utilize a number of policies, programs and initiatives that support youth development. The table below shows the different roles and responsibilities of various implementing institutions.
Table 5.1 Roles and responsibilities of key stakeholders in strategy implementation
Implementing Entity Roles and Responsibilities
Ministry of Agriculture, An-imal Industry and Fisheries
Provide policy guidance as a lead implementing institution
Coordinate extension services and all capacity building
Establish and maintain an effective knowledge management, ICT, MIS to ensure information gathering
Report on implementation performance of this strategy
Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development
Ensure youth inclusive and gender sensitive approach holds
Support work within communities to mobilize the population to support in-terventions that attract and retain youth and their engagements at the various stages of the value chain
Support strategic interventions that support 14-17 year olds
Ministry of Finance, Plan-ning and Economic Devel-opment
Support efforts for resources mobilization including the setting up of the youth in agriculture fund
Monitoring and Evaluation of the inventions
Provide enabling environment for acquisition and provision of agriculture credit through SACCOs, VSLA and MFIs.
40
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
Ministry of Education and Sports
Put in place a curriculum supportive of practical application of agriculture value chain practices to youth in agriculture
Accredit training courses in both public and private training institutions that support mentorship and hands-on vocational training at certificate and diplo-ma and graduate levels
Support study tours and exchanges and partnerships
Development Partners
Provide policy and advocacy support for Youth in agriculture
Provide technical Assistance to Youth in Agriculture
Mobilize financial resources for the Youth in Agriculture
The Youth
Participate actively in events arranged to disseminate information on em-ployment opportunities in agriculture
Engage actively in activities along the agriculture value chain
Self-monitor and appraise strategy interventions
Private Sector
Offer internship, apprenticeship and youth mentorship
Support agribusiness aspects to strengthen markets to keep agricultural enter-prises profitable and responsive to youth needs
Ministry of Science, Tech-nology and Innovation
Support and promote innovations and their incubation and their upscaling for use by wider youth
Technological transfer to strengthen ICT use in agriculture
Office Of the Prime MinisterMonitor and Evaluate sector programs and support youth-sensitive interven-
tions that support their employment
Ministry of Information, Communication and Tech-nology
Promote use of transferable and appropriate information technologies
Contribute to the strengthening and setting up of information centres and related facilities
Non- State Actors (NGOs, CSOs, PSO)
Policy advocacy for Youth Employment in Agriculture and support youth capacity building initiatives.
41
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
The Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development (MGLSD) is mandated to spearhead youth development issues and will work with MAAIF to support communities in attracting youth to the agriculture sector.
MAAIF will work with Ministry of Local Government to ensure effective implementation at district level. The following autonomous institutions are currently working closely with the youth and will play a key role in the implementation of the strategy. This will include National Youth Council; the National Council for Children; the National Women Council; Public Libraries Board; National Cultural Centre; Industrial Court (for settlement of disputes in case of breach of agreements); Institutions like Nsamizi Institute of Social Development, Economic Policy Research Center and Enterprise Uganda and other Public and private Universities (to design practically oriented curricular to equip the youth); Uganda National Farmers Federation (UNFFE), for the development of youth groups; Uganda Cooperative Alliance (for establishment, nurturing and mentoring youth oriented Cooperatives); Dairy Development Authority; the NAADS secretariat and Operation Wealth Creation (OWC) among others. The implementation will be supported by development partners, NGOs, CBOs and other non-state actors.
6. FINANCING OF THE STRATEGY
The National Strategy for Youth Employment in Agriculture will cost an estimated UGX 5.29 billion over the next five years (2017-2022).
Budget estimates to support various activities have been aligned to the initial cost estimates for the ASSP and are in line with current budget lines for similar interventions (at operational and logistic cost need) within the agriculture and other sectors. While these costs are largely indicative, they provide guidance on the funds required for the proposed activities.
An inflation rate of 7% has been factored into the budget basing on Bank of Uganda estimates of headline inflation by January, 2017. In line with the National Public Policy on Monitoring and Evaluation, 3% have been factored in to support monitoring and reporting framework on the strategy’s performance. The strategy will be financed by GoU with support from development partners. The table below shows the overall budget and a detailed budget is annexed to this report.
42
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
Table 6.1 Summary of Budget Estimates to Finance the Strategy (‘000)
THEMATIC AREA 1: STRENGTHEN THE ENABLING ENVIRONMENT FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT
Strategic Objective Narrative: To promote an enabling environment for youth employment in agricul-tureStrategy 1.1: Strengthen the Policy and Legal Framework 5,547,925
Strategy 1.2 Enhance Land Access and Control by Youth 1,108,000 Strategy 1.3 Strengthen Family and Community Involve-ment in Youth Programs 4,750,111
Strategy 1.4 Increase Access to Agricultural Finance 1,843,200 Strategy 1.5 Increase Access and Use of ICT for Youth in Agriculture 4,430,000
Strategy 1.6 Increase access to Markets 12,054,000Strategy 1.7 Access to Agriculture Machinery 1,800,000
31,533,236 THEMATIC AREA 2: SUPPORT YOUTH ORIENTED AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
Strategic Objective: To empower youth to participate and benefit equitably from agricultural extension services (costed under National Agricultural Extension Services Policy implementation)
0
THEMATIC AREA 3: IMPROVE YOUTH EDUCATION AND LEARNING
Strategy 3.1 To mainstream youth targeted agriculture education at all levels 5,051,600
Strategy 3.2 Promote agricultural vocational Training 5,500,000
10,551,600
THEMATIC AREA 4 SUPPORT YOUTH ENTREPRENUERSHIPStrategy 4.1 Promote Youth Entrepreneurs as an incentive for job cre-ation 2,131,120
2,131,120
THEMATIC AREA 5 ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION OF AGRIBUSINESS RISKS AND UNCERTAINITIES
Strategy 5.1 Adaptation and resilience to related agribusiness risks and uncertainties 2,550,000
Strategy 5.2 Promote decent work and enhance occupational health and safety 2,273,773
4,823,773
Total for all Thematic Areas 49,039,729
Monitoring and Evaluation (3% of Activity Budget) 1,471,191
Contingency Adjusted For 7% Inflation 2,410,975
ALL GRAND TOTAL 52,921,895
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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
7. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK
1.1 Introduction
MAAIF will utilize its M&E system to broaden its network to capture reporting on the performance of this strategy both at national and sub-national levels. At the national level, key performance indicators (KPIs) will be the basis for general reporting at the thematic level while specific indicators at output level will be reported on by district authorities and aggregated for national reporting by MAAIF M&E department.
The results framework has been developed as part of this strategy to state expected outputs against each strategic intervention. KPIs will be added to reporting by MAAIF under the Output Based Budgeting now translated into Performance Based Budgeting tool.
1.2 Monitoring
Monitoring of interventions will be done by District Agriculture Officers who will use reported data by agriculture extension workers, community development officers and commercial officers who have networks at the sub-county levels. This will be replicated by officials in urban authorities such as town councils and municipalities.
Monitoring will be utilized as a continuous internal management activity whose purpose is to ensure that the organization achieves its defined objectives within a prescribed time−frame and budget. The monitoring framework will ensure provision of regular feedback on the progress of programme implementation, and report any problems faced during implementation so that duty
bearers can resolve them expeditiously.
The staff of MAAIF will conduct regular field visits to provide technical support to the staff members and district local government staff. Review meetings will also be held on a quarterly basis to measure progress towards the achievement of the agreed results. The department will be required to produce quarterly performance reports in narrative and financial forms for analysis and discussion by the ministry through various sector working committees.
The quarterly reports will focus on: progress made against planned inputs and outcomes and use of resources, explanation of performance levels achieved, and proposed measures to improve performance. Reporting from local governments on implementation of this strategy will also feed into general reporting under the ASSP.
1.3 Evaluation
Building the link to monitoring, evaluations will be conducted mainly to assess the impact of this strategy in the medium and longer term. It will be important therefore, to undertake a baseline survey at the start of implementation so that it becomes a basis for performance and impact assessment in years ahead.
Evaluation will be aligned with other performance reporting frameworks so that duty bearers are prepared to conduct a mid-term review and also an end-term evaluation at the end of the planning period. Evaluations (both mid-term and end-line) will provide lessons from assessments of the impact both intended and non-intended to inform future similar interventions aimed to inspire youth employment in agriculture.
44
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
ANNEX 1. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES AND NARO INSTITUTES AND ZARDIS
Public Universities 1 Busitema University2 Gulu University3 Kyambogo University4 Makerere University5 Mbarara University of Science and Technology6 Muni University7 Soroti University Private Universities1 Africa Renewal University2 African Bible University3 African Rural University4 Aga Khan University5 All Saints University, Lango6 Bishop Stuart University7 Bugema University8 Busoga University9 Cavendish University10 Ibanda University11 International Business, Science & Technology (ISBAT) University12 International Health Sciences University13 International University of East Africa14 Islamic Call University College15 Islamic University in Uganda16 Kabale University17 Kampala International University18 Kampala University19 Kayiwa International University20 Kumi University21 Lira University22 Livingstone International University23 Mountains of the Moon University24 Muteesa I Royal University25 Ndejje University26 Nkumba University27 Nsaka University28 St. Augustine International University29 St. Lawrence University30 Stafford University31 Team University32 Uganda Christian University
45
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
33 Uganda Martyrs University34 Uganda Pentecostal University35 Uganda Technology and Management University (UTAMU)36 Valley University of Science & Technology37 Victoria University38 Virtual University of Uganda NARO Institutes and ZARDIs1 National Agricultural Research Laboratories-Kawanda2 National Crops Resources Research Institute3 National Fisheries Resources Research Institute4 National Forestry Resources Research Institute5 National Livestock Resources Research Institute6 National Semi Arid Agricultural Research Institute7 National Coffee Research Institute8 Abi Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute9 Buginyanya Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute10 Bulindi Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute11 Kachwekano Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute12 Mbarara Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute13 Mukono Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute14 Nabuin Agricultural Research and Development Institute15 Ngetta Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute16 Rwebitaba Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute
46
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
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47
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
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nter
vent
ions
•20
cap
acity
bu
ildin
g in
ter-
vent
ions
MA
AIF
Wor
ksho
ps,
Dem
onst
ratio
nal
retre
ats
Exch
ange
vis
its
(incl
udin
g ou
tsid
e U
gand
a)
Trai
ning
sess
ions
hel
d an
d ev
iden
ce o
f pro
j-ec
ts d
esig
ned
refle
ct-
ing
yout
h is
sues
640,
000
q)
Supp
ort i
mpr
ovem
ent
of th
e M
&E
syst
ems
for y
outh
inte
rven
-tio
ns
Pe
rfor
man
ce o
n yo
uth
in a
gric
ultu
re in
tegr
ated
w
ithin
the
exis
ting
na-
tiona
l M&
E fr
amew
orks
•U
se o
f exi
stin
g M
&E
syst
em
MA
AIF
,
OPM
,
MG
LSD
Cap
acity
to re
view
an
d in
tegr
ate
yout
h re
late
d da
ta in
to
M&
E sy
stem
Perf
orm
ance
dat
a on
Yo
uth
in A
gric
ultu
re1,
000,
000
r)
Lobb
y fo
r pro
visi
on
of y
outh
agr
ibus
ines
s ta
x in
cent
ives
•N
umbe
r of l
obby
act
ivi-
ties o
n ta
x in
cent
ives
for
yout
h co
nduc
ted
•N
umbe
r of t
ax in
cent
ive
prov
isio
ns
•Th
ree
enga
ge-
men
ts
•A
t lea
st 2
pro
vi-
sion
s
UR
A,
MA
AIF
Prov
isio
ns fo
r ta
x in
cent
ives
to
supp
ort y
outh
in
agric
ultu
re
Tax
ince
ntiv
es in
pl
ace
65,1
67
s)
Lobb
y fo
r inc
reas
ed
rura
l ele
ctrifi
catio
n to
spur
pro
cess
ing
at
low
er c
osts
.
•N
umbe
r of y
outh
en-
terp
rises
acc
essi
ng th
e el
ectri
city
pow
er g
rid
for a
gro-
proc
essi
ng
•Q
uarte
rly e
n-ga
gem
ents
in fi
rst
two
year
s
MA
AIF
,
MoE
MD
Lobb
y ac
tiviti
es
to in
crea
se c
on-
nect
ivity
of y
outh
ag
ro-p
roce
ssin
g pl
ants
on
the
na-
tiona
l grid
Incr
ease
d ac
cess
and
us
e of
affo
rdab
le
elec
trici
ty b
y yo
uth
in
proc
essi
ng
170,
000
t) R
evita
lize
a N
atio
nal
Agr
icul
tura
l You
th
Foru
m
•O
pera
tiona
l and
effe
c-tiv
e N
atio
nal A
gric
ultu
r-al
You
th F
orum
1 N
atio
nal A
gric
ul-
tura
l You
th F
orum
MA
AIF
Re-
activ
ate
a na
tiona
l you
th in
ag
ricul
ture
foru
m
Nat
iona
l Agr
icul
tura
l Yo
uth
Foru
m e
stab
-lis
hed
550,
000
48
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
Stra
tegy
1.2
: Enh
ance
Lan
d A
cces
s and
Con
trol
by
the Y
outh
a)
Lobb
y fo
r est
ablis
h-m
ent o
f a Y
outh
Lan
d Fu
nd
•N
umbe
r of l
obby
en-
gage
men
ts to
est
ablis
h a
yout
h la
nd fu
nd
•A
you
th la
nd fu
nd in
pl
ace
in th
e fir
st tw
o ye
ars
•A
t lea
st 1
0 lo
bby
enga
gem
ents
•Yo
uth
land
fund
es
tabl
ishe
d
MA
AIF
MoL
-H
UD
,
MFP
ED, F
inan
-ci
al In
stitu
tions
,
Act
iviti
es to
war
ds
the
esta
blis
hmen
t of
a You
th L
and
Fund
(in
clud
ing
requ
i-si
te a
ppro
val b
y C
abin
et)
Nat
iona
l You
th L
and
Fund
in p
lace
150,
000
b)
Bui
ld th
e ca
paci
ty o
f ho
useh
olds
, com
mu-
nitie
s and
com
mun
ity
netw
orks
to p
rom
ote
yout
h ow
ners
hip
and
utili
zatio
n of
pub
lic
and
priv
ate
land
.
•C
omm
unity
land
use
C
apac
ity b
uild
ing
ac-
tiviti
es
•Pe
rcen
tage
of y
outh
ac-
cess
ing
unut
ilize
d pu
blic
an
d pr
ivat
e la
nd.
•A
t lea
st 5
act
iv-
ities
•A
t lea
st
5% o
f yo
uth
in a
gric
ul-
ture
MA
AIF
,
MoL
HU
D M
oLG
,
Trai
ning
and
sens
i-tiz
atio
ns a
nd o
ther
in
tera
ctio
ns w
ithin
co
mm
uniti
es a
t re
gion
al a
nd d
istri
ct
leve
ls
Com
mun
ity n
etw
orks
pr
omot
ing
yout
h ut
iliza
tion
of la
nd fo
r ag
ricul
ture
958,
000
Stra
tegy
1.3
: Str
engt
hen
Fam
ily a
nd C
omm
unity
Invo
lvem
ent i
n Yo
uth
Agr
icul
tura
l Pro
gram
s/Pr
ojec
ts fo
r O
wne
rshi
p an
d Su
stai
nabi
lity
e) E
duca
te th
e yo
uths
on
the
valu
es o
f fam
i-ly
and
com
mun
ity
stru
ctur
es
•N
umbe
r of E
duca
tion
cam
paig
ns a
nd tr
aini
ngs
•Pe
rcen
tage
of y
outh
w
ith k
now
ledg
e of
fam
i-ly
val
ues a
nd c
omm
uni-
ty st
ruct
ures
•A
t lea
st 5
•at
leas
t 50%
MG
LSD
MA
AIF
,
MoL
G,
Sens
itiza
tion
of
com
mun
ities
on
yout
h em
ploy
men
t in
agr
icul
ture
Enha
nced
val
ues
with
in c
omm
uniti
es
supp
ortiv
e of
you
th
empl
oym
ent i
n ag
ri-cu
lture
913,
221
f) Su
ppor
t you
th, p
ar-
ents
and
com
mun
ity
parti
cipa
tion
in a
g-ric
ultu
ral p
rogr
ams/
proj
ects
’ des
igns
, im
plem
enta
tion
and
mon
itorin
g
•N
umbe
r of i
nitia
tives
to
supp
ort y
outh
, par
ents
an
d co
mm
unity
par
tici-
patio
n
•Pe
rcen
tage
of y
outh
and
pa
rent
s par
ticip
atin
g in
pr
ogra
m/p
roje
ct c
ycle
s
•A
t lea
st 3
•A
t lea
st 3
0% o
f al
l you
th
MA
AIF
MG
LSD
MoL
G,
Mob
iliza
tion
effor
t w
ithin
com
mun
i-tie
s to
parti
cipa
te
fully
in p
rogr
ams
desi
gns,
impl
emen
-ta
tion
and
mon
i-to
ring
star
ting
with
pr
iorit
y en
terp
rises
.
Incr
ease
d pa
rtici
pa-
tion
of p
aren
ts, g
uard
-ia
ns a
nd c
omm
uniti
es
in y
outh
in a
gric
ultu
re
proj
ect d
esig
n
930,
370
49
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
g)
Supp
ort e
stab
lish-
men
t, nu
rturin
g of
m
ento
ring
appr
oach
-es
with
spec
ial e
m-
phas
is o
n pr
oxim
ity
skill
s for
the
14-1
7-ye
ar o
lds
•N
umbe
r of m
ento
ring
appr
oach
es e
stab
lishe
d &
nur
ture
d
•N
umbe
r of y
outh
nur
-tu
red
and
men
tore
d
•A
t lea
st 4
•A
t lea
st 2
,000
MA
AIF
,
MoE
S, M
GLS
D,
Dev
elop
men
t pa
rtner
s
Men
torin
g an
d nu
rturin
g of
you
th
with
spec
ial n
eeds
as
wel
l as 1
4-17
-ye
ar o
lds
Nur
ture
d an
d m
en-
tore
d yo
uth
on v
ari-
ous a
ppro
ache
s 1,
984,
000
h)
Supp
ort i
nitia
tives
th
at c
reat
e m
inds
et
chan
ge a
mon
g th
e yo
uth
and
com
-m
uniti
es to
inve
st
in a
gric
ultu
re a
s a
viab
le v
entu
re.
•N
umbe
r of m
inds
et
chan
ge in
terv
entio
ns
•Pe
rcen
tage
of y
outh
ap-
prec
iatin
g ag
ribus
ines
s
•A
tleas
t 5
•A
tleas
t 50%
MA
AIF
MG
LSD
MoL
G
MoE
S,
CSO
s and
FB
Os
Trai
ning
s and
se
nsiti
zatio
n an
d st
rate
gic
inve
st-
men
ts a
t all
leve
ls
with
eve
nts t
arge
t-in
g yo
uth
for v
iabl
e ve
ntur
es
Incr
ease
you
th re
port-
ing
chan
ge in
opi
nion
on
inve
stm
ent i
n ag
ricul
ture
922,
520
Stra
tegy
1.4
: Inc
reas
e Acc
ess t
o A
gric
ultu
ral F
inan
ce
f) Se
nsiti
ze th
e yo
uth
and
finan
cial
inst
i-tu
tions
rega
rdin
g av
aila
ble
finan
cial
pr
oduc
ts to
est
ablis
h fo
rmal
link
s
•Pe
rcen
tage
of y
outh
aw
are
abou
t ava
ilabl
e fin
anci
al se
rvic
es &
pr
oduc
ts•
At l
east
30%
MA
AIF
,
MoF
PED
BoU
MG
LSD
and
Fi
nanc
ial i
nstit
u-tio
ns
Sens
itiza
tion
Ini-
tiativ
es a
t var
ious
le
vels
targ
etin
g yo
uth
Dia
logu
e m
eetin
gs
with
fina
ncia
l int
er-
med
iarie
s
Link
s est
ablis
hed
betw
een
yout
h an
d fin
anci
al in
term
edia
r-ie
s pro
vidi
ng v
iabl
e fin
anci
al o
ptio
ns
360,
000
g)
Adv
ocat
e fo
r mor
e yo
uth-
frie
ndly
fin
anci
al p
rod-
ucts
wor
king
with
fin
anci
al in
stitu
tions
fo
cuse
d on
rele
vant
ag
ricul
tura
l mac
hin-
ery
and
equi
pmen
t am
ong
othe
r inp
uts
to su
ppor
t pro
ject
st
art-u
ps
•N
o of
you
th-f
riend
-ly
fina
ncia
l pro
duct
s av
aila
ble
for y
outh
in
agric
ultu
re•
Thre
e (3
) fina
n-ci
al p
rodu
cts
MA
AIF
MoF
PED
BoU
Fina
ncia
l Int
er-
med
iarie
s
Adv
ocac
y in
itia-
tives
at v
ario
us
leve
ls
Yout
h fr
iend
ly fi
nan-
cial
pro
duct
s sup
-po
rting
agr
icul
tura
l en
terp
rises
200,
000
50
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
h)
Lobb
y G
over
nmen
t to
est
ablis
h an
in
nova
tion
incu
ba-
tion
fund
for y
outh
gr
oups
•N
umbe
r of l
obby
initi
a-tiv
es
•A
n in
nova
tion
fund
in
plac
e
•O
ne a
ctiv
ity p
er
annu
m
•O
ne fu
nd se
t up
by th
e th
ird y
ear
MA
AIF
, M
oFPE
D
MoT
IC,
Fina
ncia
l int
erm
e-di
arie
s
Lobb
y ev
ents
at
natio
nal l
evel
to
esta
blis
h fu
nd
Inno
vatio
n In
cuba
tion
fund
in p
lace
250,
000
i) Su
ppor
t est
ablis
h-m
ent a
nd c
apac
ity
build
ing
of y
outh
fa
rmer
gro
ups,
Savi
ngs a
nd C
red-
it C
oope
rativ
es
(SA
CC
Os)
and
V
illag
e Sa
ving
s and
Lo
an A
ssoc
iatio
ns
(VSL
As)
to e
ase
mob
ilisa
tion,
and
in
crea
se sa
ving
s and
ac
cess
to a
gric
ultu
ral
finan
ce
•N
umbe
r of c
apac
ity
build
ing
initi
ativ
es
supp
orte
d
•Pe
rcen
tage
of y
outh
abl
e to
acc
ess a
gric
ultu
ral
finan
ce
•A
t lea
st 1
0
•A
t lea
st 3
0% o
f yo
uth
in a
gric
ul-
ture
MA
AIF
,
MoF
PED
MG
LSD
,
Fina
ncia
l Int
er-
med
iarie
s,
SAC
CO
s, an
d V
SLA
s
Cap
acity
bui
ldin
g ev
ents
at a
ll le
vels
in
clud
ing
wor
k-sh
ops a
nd o
ther
su
ppor
t tra
inin
g ev
ents
for S
AC
CO
s an
d V
SLA
s
Incr
ease
d in
clus
ion
of y
outh
in S
AC
CO
s, V
SLA
s, an
d ot
her
inco
me
mob
iliza
tion
sche
mes
933,
200
j) Su
ppor
t est
ablis
h-m
ent a
nd p
rom
otio
n of
spec
ial m
icro
fi-na
nce
sche
mes
for
the
14-1
7-ye
ar o
lds
begi
nnin
g at
the
natio
nal l
evel
•Es
tabl
ishe
d sp
ecia
l m
icro
finan
ce sc
hem
es
incl
udin
g th
ose
for 1
4-17
-yea
r old
s
•1
sche
me
MoF
PED
,
MA
AIF
Lobb
y ac
tiviti
es b
e-gi
nnin
g at
nat
iona
l le
vel
A sc
hem
e pu
t in
plac
e 10
0,00
0
Stra
tegy
1.5
: Inc
reas
e Acc
ess a
nd U
se o
f IC
T fo
r You
th in
Agr
icul
ture
d)
Esta
blis
hmen
t of
inte
rnet
ena
bled
co
mm
unity
info
rma-
tion
cent
ers (
incl
ud-
ing
ICT
softw
are
and
equi
pmen
t) to
pr
ovid
e an
d pr
omot
e m
arke
t inf
orm
a-tio
n sh
arin
g to
and
am
ong
the
yout
h in
ag
ricul
ture
•N
umbe
r of l
obby
initi
a-tiv
es
•N
umbe
r of i
nter
net
enab
led
com
mun
ity
info
rmat
ion
cent
ers
esta
blis
hed
•A
t lea
st 3
•A
t lea
st (4
) agr
i-cu
lture
reso
urce
ce
nter
s nat
ion-
wid
e
MA
AIF
, M
OIC
T&
NG
,
MoL
G,
MoF
PED
Mar
ket i
nfor
mat
ion
shar
ing
faci
litie
s at
esta
blis
hed
com
mu-
nity
cen
ters
(up-
grad
ing
the
DFI
s)
Func
tiona
l IC
T C
en-
ters
in p
lace
2,01
0,00
0
51
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
e)
Sens
itize
and
trai
n th
e yo
uth
in u
sing
IC
T in
Agr
icul
ture
•N
umbe
r of a
war
enes
s an
d tra
inin
g in
itiat
ives
•Pe
rcen
tage
of y
outh
us
ing
ICT
•A
t lea
st 1
,000
yo
uth
train
ed p
er
cent
er
•A
t lea
st 3
0%
MA
AIF
, M
OIC
T&
NG
,
MoL
G,
MFP
ED
Trai
ning
Ses
sion
s Pr
opor
tion
of Y
outh
tra
ined
in IC
T sk
ills
for a
gric
ultu
re1,
920,
000
f)
Und
erta
ke re
sear
ch
and
supp
ort d
isse
m-
inat
ion
of o
fflin
e to
ols t
hat a
re u
sabl
e w
ith n
o or
lim
ited
inte
rnet
con
nect
ivity
•N
umbe
r of r
esea
rch
stud
ies
•N
umbe
r of o
fflin
e to
ols
deve
lope
d
•A
t lea
st th
ree
(3)
rese
arch
stud
ies
•A
t lea
st fo
ur (4
) offl
ine
tool
s
MO
ICT
&N
G,
MA
AIF
,
MFP
ED
Res
earc
h to
supp
ort
use
of IC
T in
ag
ricul
ture
tool
s ta
ilore
d to
you
th
need
s
Res
earc
h pr
oduc
ts
and
off-li
ne to
ols
deve
lope
d50
0,00
0
Stra
tegy
1.6
: Inc
reas
e Acc
ess t
o M
arke
ts
e)
Supp
ort t
he y
outh
in
sust
aina
ble
prod
uc-
tion
of h
igh
qual
ity,
valu
e, q
uant
ity a
nd
safe
agr
icul
ture
pr
oduc
ts
•Vo
lum
e of
pro
duce
from
yo
uth
enga
ged
in a
gri-
cultu
re fo
r tra
de
•Pr
opor
tion
of y
outh
pro
-du
cing
hig
h va
lue
and
qual
ity p
rodu
cts
•In
crea
se b
y 30
%
in M
Ts o
r Lite
rs
of tr
adea
ble
prod
ucts
•A
t lea
st 5
0% o
f ta
rget
ed
MA
AIF
,
MoT
IC,
MoS
TIIn
itiat
ives
in tr
ade
and
proc
essi
ng
targ
etin
g yo
uth
Hig
h va
lue,
qua
lity
and
safe
pro
duct
s tra
ded
1,05
0,00
0
f) Su
ppor
t agr
o-pr
oces
s-in
g an
d po
st-h
arve
st
hand
ling
infr
a-st
ruct
ure
(incl
udin
g co
ttage
indu
strie
s)
•N
umbe
r of y
outh
uti-
lizin
g ag
ro-p
roce
ssin
g fa
cilit
ies
•N
umbe
r of p
ost-h
arve
st
hand
ling
inst
alla
tions
as
wel
l as c
otta
ge in
dus-
tries
supp
orte
d
•A
t lea
st 1
0%
of y
outh
in
agro
-pro
cess
ing
•A
t lea
st o
ne se
t of
pos
t-har
vest
eq
uipm
ent p
er
each
of t
he fi
ve
(5) r
egio
ns
MA
AIF
MoT
IC
Priv
ate
Sect
or
Supp
ort p
oten
tial
farm
ers t
o ac
cess
ap
prop
riate
inte
r-m
edia
te a
gro-
pro-
cess
ing
equi
pmen
t th
roug
h zo
nal
cent
ers
Mor
e in
stal
latio
ns
8,48
4,00
0
52
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
g)
Supp
ort o
rgan
izin
g of
info
rmal
gro
ups
of ru
ral y
outh
age
d 14
-17-
year
-old
s
•N
umbe
r of g
roup
s of
14-1
7-ye
ar-o
ld p
ut in
pl
ace
•A
t lea
st 3
0%
of th
e ta
rget
ed
yout
h 14
-17-
year
ol
ds in
coo
pera
-tiv
es
MA
AIF
,
MoT
IC,
MG
LSD
Faci
litat
ion
as w
ell
as c
apac
ity b
uild
ing
for 1
4-17
-yea
r old
s pu
rpos
ed to
form
gr
oups
for a
gric
ul-
tura
l pro
duct
ion
and
mar
ketin
g
Gro
ups o
f 14-
17 y
ears
ol
d op
erat
iona
l52
0,00
0
h) S
uppo
rt an
d pr
omot
e in
itiat
ives
in m
arke
t lin
kage
s suc
h as
: ca
paci
ty fo
r sto
rage
(to
bul
k up
supp
lies)
, co
ntra
ct n
egot
iatio
ns
and
mar
ket a
naly
sis
•N
umne
r of i
nitia
tives
su
ppor
ted
to fa
cilit
ate
trade
serv
ices
•N
umbe
r of y
outh
with
tra
nspo
rt eq
uipm
ent
•A
bout
five
(5)
initi
ativ
es (o
ne in
ea
ch re
gion
)
•A
tleas
t 2,0
00 b
i-cy
cles
and
1,0
00
carts
MoT
IC,
MA
AIF
,
Priv
ate
sect
or
MA
AIF
MoW
T
Dia
logu
es a
nd
capa
city
initi
ativ
es
(incl
udin
g tra
inin
g an
d ot
her t
rade
fa
cilit
ies)
to su
ppor
t tra
de
Purc
hase
and
dis
tri-
butio
n of
tran
spor
t eq
uipm
ent
Initi
ativ
es in
pla
ce
to su
ppor
t lin
kage
s fo
r you
th to
var
ious
m
arke
ts
Bic
ycle
s and
car
ts
proc
ured
800,
000
1,20
0,00
0
Stra
tegy
1.7
: Sup
port
You
th in
Agr
icul
tura
l Mec
hani
zatio
n
c) S
uppo
rt th
e yo
uth
to
acqu
ire sk
ills f
or o
p-er
atin
g, m
aint
enan
ce
and
fabr
icat
ion
of
agric
ultu
ral t
ools
and
eq
uipm
ent
•N
umbe
r of s
uppo
rted
yout
hs w
ith sk
ills t
o m
aint
ain
and
oper
ate
mac
hine
s
•Pe
rcen
tage
of y
outh
fa
bric
atin
g ag
ricul
tura
l to
ols &
equ
ipm
ent
•A
tleas
t 1,2
50
natio
nwid
e
•A
tleas
t 10%
na
tionw
ide
MA
AIF
, NA
RO
,
MoE
S, M
GLS
D
Trai
ning
you
th to
ob
tain
var
ious
skill
s in
pro
duct
ion
and
fabr
icat
ion
Yout
h w
ith sk
ills f
or
mai
ntai
ning
, ope
rat-
ing
and
fabr
icat
ing
agric
ultu
ral m
achi
n-er
ies
1,00
0,00
0
d) E
stab
lish
yout
h ag
ro
mac
hine
ry, h
ire a
nd
leas
ing
pilo
t sch
eme
•N
umbe
r of y
outh
util
iz-
ing
leas
ing
sche
mes
A
tleas
t one
pilo
t sc
hem
eM
AA
IF,
MoL
Gs
Proc
urem
ent o
f m
achi
nery
Agr
o m
achi
nery
hire
an
d le
asin
g sc
hem
e in
pl
ace
800,
000
53
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
TH
EM
ATIC
AR
EA
2:
SUPP
OR
T Y
OU
TH
-OR
IEN
TE
D A
GR
ICU
LTU
RE
EX
TE
NSI
ON
(Int
erve
ntio
n an
d R
elat
ed C
osts
und
er E
xten
sion
Ser
vice
s)
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive:
Toem
powerfarm
ersandothervaluechainactors(Youth,wom
enandothervulnerablegroups)toeffectivelyparticipateandbenefitequi-
tabl
y fr
om a
gric
ultu
ral e
xten
sion
pro
cess
es a
nd d
eman
d fo
r se
rvic
es.
Strategy2.1:E
ffectiveparticipationandbenefitsofyouth-orientedagricultu
ralextension
a) C
ondu
ct c
apac
ity
build
ing
sess
ions
for
vuln
erab
le y
outh
(es-
peci
ally
14-
17)
Num
ber o
f you
th g
roup
s w
ith v
ulne
rabl
e yo
uth
At l
east
one
sess
ion
per q
uarte
r at a
ll le
vels
in v
ario
us
ente
rpris
es
MA
AIF
(DA
ES)
Loca
l Gov
ern-
men
ts
Sess
ions
of t
rain
ing
cond
ucte
d at
loca
l le
vels
Vul
nera
ble
yout
h ad
aptin
g go
od a
gri-
cultu
ral p
ract
ices
Cos
ted
unde
r D
AES
Stra
tegy
an
d Pl
an
b) R
evie
w a
nd a
dapt
gu
idel
ines
on
inte
-gr
atio
n of
you
th in
to
exte
nsio
n se
rvic
es
Doc
umen
ted
wor
ks o
n gu
idel
ines
on
yout
h ta
rget
ed
exte
nsio
n se
rvic
es
One
Gui
delin
e of
ea
ch o
f the
12
core
co
mm
oditi
es p
riori-
tized
und
er A
SSP
MA
AIF
wor
k-in
g th
roug
h th
e D
AES
Con
sulta
ncy
ser-
vice
s to
revi
ew a
nd
upda
te e
xten
sion
gu
idel
ines
Gui
delin
es
Cos
ted
unde
r D
AES
Stra
tegy
an
d Pl
an
c) C
arry
out
pro
mot
ion
activ
ities
for y
outh
in
volv
emen
t in
ag-
ricul
tura
l ext
ensi
on
serv
ices
Num
ber o
f act
iviti
es c
on-
duct
ed p
er e
nter
pris
e pe
r re
gion
on
exte
nsio
n se
rvic
es
that
are
you
th ta
rget
ed
All
yout
h ta
rget
ed
thro
ugh
vario
us
med
ia a
nd o
ther
ne
twor
ks
MA
AIF
wor
k-in
g th
roug
h th
e D
AES
Prom
otio
n ac
tiv-
ities
on
exte
nsio
n se
rvic
es a
vaila
ble
Prom
otio
n ac
tiviti
es
cond
ucte
d
Cos
ted
unde
r D
AES
Stra
tegy
an
d Pl
an
d) C
ondu
ct a
scop
ing
stud
ies a
nd a
sses
s-m
ents
of e
xten
sion
ap
proa
ches
(inc
ludi
ng
e-ex
tens
ion
serv
ices
, m
arke
t orie
ntat
ions
an
d yo
uth-
targ
etin
g in
nova
tions
) aim
ed a
t id
entif
ying
and
ups
cal-
ing
best
pra
ctic
es
Num
ber o
f sco
ping
stud
ies/
asse
ssm
ents
con
duct
ed
Thre
e st
udie
s (on
e on
ea
ch o
f cro
p, a
ni-
mal
hus
band
ry a
nd
fishe
ries)
MA
AIF
wor
k-in
g th
roug
h th
e D
AES
Con
sulta
ncy
ser-
vice
s to
cond
uct
stud
ies a
nd a
sses
s-m
ents
on
yout
h ta
rget
ed e
xten
sion
se
rvic
es
Bes
t pra
ctic
es d
ocu-
men
ts fr
om e
xten
sion
se
rvic
e ta
rget
ing
yout
h in
var
ious
en-
terp
rises
Cos
ted
unde
r D
AES
Stra
tegy
an
d Pl
an
54
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
THEM
ATIC
AR
EA 3
: IM
PRO
VE
YO
UTH
ED
UC
ATIO
N A
ND
LEA
RN
ING
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ive:
To
mai
nstr
eam
agr
icul
ture
edu
catio
n at
all
leve
ls
Stra
tegy
3.1
: Pro
mot
e pe
er-t
o-pe
er le
arni
ng a
ppro
ache
s
g)
Adv
ocat
e an
d su
ppor
t rev
iew
th
e cu
rric
ulum
to
prom
ote
prac
tical
or
ient
atio
n of
you
th
to a
gric
ultu
re
•N
umbe
r of a
dvoc
acy
cam
paig
ns o
n C
urric
ulum
co
mpl
ianc
e to
you
th in
ag
ricul
ture
Four
adv
ocac
y ca
m-
paig
ns p
er a
nnum
MoE
S,
MA
AIF
Adv
ocac
y ev
ents
he
ld
Cur
ricul
um c
om-
plia
nce
to y
outh
in
agric
ultu
re30
0,00
0
h)
Supp
ort a
nd p
rom
ote
Yout
h ag
ricul
tura
l cl
ubs a
nd c
amps
.
•N
umbe
r of y
outh
agr
i-cu
ltura
l cam
ps
•N
umbe
r of e
duca
tion
inst
itutio
ns su
ppor
ted
•A
t lea
st 1
0
(2 p
er re
gion
)
•A
t lea
st 5
0
MA
AIF
,
MoE
S, M
GLS
DYo
uth
agric
ultu
ral
club
eve
nts
Yout
h fo
r agr
icul
ture
cl
ubs i
n pl
ace
543,
600
i) C
ondu
ct N
atio
nal
agric
ultu
ral c
ompe
-tit
ions
for t
he y
outh
to
faci
litat
e pe
er
lear
ning
•N
umbe
r of n
atio
nal
yout
h ag
ricul
tura
l com
-pe
titio
ns su
ppor
ted
•A
t lea
st 5
com
pe-
titio
nsM
AA
IF,
MG
LSD
Org
aniz
ing
natio
nal
com
petit
ions
and
re
spec
tive
gala
s
Nat
iona
l com
petit
ions
he
ld1,
000,
000
j) Pr
omot
e pr
actic
al
scho
ol fa
rmin
g sy
stem
s (e.
g. sc
hool
ga
rden
s for
stud
ents
’ pr
actic
al te
achi
ng)
•N
umbe
r of s
choo
l far
m-
ing
syst
em in
terv
entio
ns
prom
oted
•N
umbe
r of s
choo
ls
supp
orte
d
•A
t lea
st 3
inte
r-ve
ntio
ns a
cros
s sc
hool
s
•A
t lea
st 5
0 sc
hool
s
MA
AIF
MoE
S, M
GLS
D,
Act
iviti
es a
t all
leve
ls to
supp
ort
prac
tical
farm
ing
syst
ems
Awar
enes
s cre
ated
on
pra
ctic
al fa
rmin
g sy
stem
s 1,
391,
000
k)
Supp
ort l
ife sk
ills
deve
lopm
ent a
nd
HIV
/AID
S pr
even
-tio
n an
d m
itiga
tion
initi
ativ
es
•N
umbe
r of H
IV/A
IDS
initi
ativ
es su
ppor
ted
•Pe
rcen
tage
of y
outh
sup-
porte
d w
ith li
fe sk
ills
•A
t lea
st 5
•A
tleas
t 50%
MO
H,
MA
AIF
, M
GLS
D, M
oES
Cam
paig
ns in
sc
hool
s and
com
-m
uniti
es o
n H
IV/
AID
S
Life
skill
s dev
elop
ed
amon
g yo
uth
on H
IV
prev
entio
n an
d m
iti-
gatio
n m
easu
res
1,11
7,00
0
55
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
l) Su
ppor
t cap
acity
bu
ildin
g of
you
th
train
ers t
o m
ento
r th
e 14
-17
youn
g pe
rson
s
•N
umbe
r of T
oT c
ondu
ct-
ed to
men
tor y
outh
•N
umbe
r of y
outh
14-
17-
year
old
s men
tore
d
•A
t lea
st 2
5 To
T se
ssio
ns p
er
regi
on p
er y
ear
•A
t lea
st 1
,000
tra
ined
MA
AIF
MG
LSD
Trai
ning
eve
nts f
or
ToT
ToT
on p
ost t
o m
ento
r yo
uth
700,
000
Stra
tegy
3.2
: Pro
mot
e ag
ricu
ltura
l voc
atio
nal t
rain
ing
a)
Partn
er w
ith M
oES
and
othe
r sta
ke-
hold
ers t
o su
ppor
t vo
catio
nal i
nstit
u-tio
ns to
offe
r for
mal
an
d in
form
al sh
ort
cour
ses t
o th
e yo
uth
and
espe
cial
ly th
e 14
-17
year
old
s
•N
umbe
r of v
ocat
iona
l in
stitu
tions
supp
orte
d to
off
er sh
ort c
ours
es
•N
umbe
r of y
outh
rece
iv-
ing
supp
ort f
rom
voc
a-tio
nal s
choo
ls ta
rget
ed
•O
ne v
ocat
ion-
al in
stitu
te p
er
regi
on
•A
t lea
st 1
,000
tra
ined
MA
AIF
MoE
S
Oth
er v
ocat
iona
l in
stitu
tiona
l
Faci
litat
ion
to v
oca-
tiona
l ins
titut
ions
Vo
catio
nal i
nstit
utio
ns
offer
ing
form
al a
nd
info
rmal
shor
t cou
rses
1,00
0,00
0
b)
Stre
ngth
en th
e ca
-pa
city
of Z
AR
DIs
to
offer
rele
vant
voc
a-tio
nal
train
ing
to th
e yo
uth
in a
gric
ultu
re
•N
umbe
r ZA
RD
Is su
p-po
rted
to o
ffer t
rain
ings
All
ZAR
DIs
MA
AIF
ZAR
DIs
Cap
acity
initi
ativ
es
in a
ll re
gion
sYo
uth
prov
ided
with
vo
catio
nal s
kills
4.50
0,00
0
TH
EM
ATIC
AR
EA
4. S
UPP
OR
T Y
OU
TH
EN
TR
EPR
EN
EU
RSH
IP
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ive.
To
enha
nce
the
entre
pren
eurs
hip
skill
s of t
he Y
outh
Stra
tegy
4.1
: Pro
mot
e an
d su
ppor
t you
th a
gric
ultu
ral e
ntre
pren
eurs
as a
n in
cent
ive
for
job
crea
tion
and
inco
me
gene
ratio
n
d)
Supp
ort y
outh
ag
ricul
tura
l ent
re-
pren
eurs
to a
cces
s bu
sine
ss in
cuba
tion
serv
ices
•N
umbe
r of y
outh
util
iz-
ing
busi
ness
incu
batio
n se
rvic
es•
Atle
ast 5
00
MA
AIF
MG
LSD
MoF
PED
UIA
Act
iviti
es re
late
d to
bus
ines
s tra
inin
g fo
r you
th p
roje
ct
star
t-ups
Yout
h sk
ills e
nhan
ced
760,
000
e)
Bui
ld c
apac
ity o
f the
yo
uth
to w
rite
viab
le
agric
ultu
re p
ropo
sals
an
d bu
sine
ss p
lans
fo
r sou
rcin
g of
fund
s
•N
umbe
r of f
unda
ble/
via-
ble
prop
osal
s dev
elop
ed
•N
umbe
r of y
outh
with
kn
owle
dge
to w
rite
prop
osal
s
•A
tleas
t 600
•A
tleas
t 300
MA
AIF
, MG
LSD
,
PSF,
Ent
erpr
ise
Uga
nda
Trai
ning
and
men
-to
rshi
p ev
ents
on
busi
ness
pro
posa
l pr
epar
atio
n
Yout
h bu
sine
ss p
ro-
posa
ls d
evel
oped
610,
120
56
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
f) W
ork
with
MoE
S in
pr
ovis
ion
of b
asic
fu
nctio
nal l
itera
cy
and
num
erac
y sk
ills
to th
e 14
-17
youn
g pe
rson
s (to
thos
e un
able
to a
ttend
sc
hool
ing)
.
Num
ber o
f 14-
17 y
ear
olds
rece
ivin
g fu
nctio
nal
liter
acy
and
num
erac
y sk
ills
•A
t lea
st 5
00
MA
AIF
MoE
S
MG
LSD
Trai
ning
sess
ions
Fu
nctio
nal s
kills
bui
lt76
1,00
0
THEM
ATIC
AR
EA 5
. AD
APT
ATIO
N T
O A
ND
MIT
IGAT
ION
OF
AG
RIB
USI
NES
S R
ISK
S A
ND
UN
CER
TAIN
TIES
Stra
tegi
c ob
ject
ive:
To
redu
ce v
ulne
rabi
lity
to ri
sks a
nd u
ncer
tain
ties f
or e
nhan
ced
prod
uctiv
ity, p
rofit
abili
ty a
nd in
com
es
Stra
tegy
5.1
. Enh
ance
you
th’s
ada
ptat
ion
and
resi
lienc
e to
clim
ate
rela
ted
agri
busi
ness
ris
ks a
nd u
ncer
tain
ties
e)
Supp
ort d
evel
op-
men
t and
pro
mot
e up
take
of b
est p
rac-
tices
, inn
ovat
ions
an
d te
chno
logi
es
rele
vant
to a
ddre
ss-
ing
agrib
usin
ess
risks
and
unc
erta
in-
ties
•N
umbe
r of i
nter
vent
ions
su
ppor
ted
•N
umbe
r of b
est p
rac-
tices
, inn
ovat
ions
and
te
chno
logi
es id
entifi
ed
& ro
lled
out
•A
t lea
st 1
0
•A
t lea
st fi
ve (5
) M
AA
IF, N
AR
O,
Hig
her E
duca
tion
& re
sear
ch
Inst
itutio
ns
Stud
y to
urs a
nd
exch
ange
vis
its
cond
ucte
d
Bes
t pra
ctic
es a
nd in
-no
vatio
ns o
n va
rious
te
chno
logi
es a
dopt
ed1,
000,
000
f) Su
ppor
t int
er-
vent
ions
tow
ards
eff
ectiv
e an
d effi
-ci
ent d
isse
min
atio
n of
info
rmat
ion
on
wea
ther
pat
tern
s an
d ea
rly w
arni
ng
syst
ems f
or C
SA
and
bette
r agr
ibus
i-ne
ss p
lann
ing.
•N
umbe
r of i
nter
vent
ions
su
ppor
ted
•Pe
rcen
tage
of y
outh
ac
cess
ing
and
utili
zing
in
form
atio
n on
wea
ther
pa
ttern
s and
ear
ly w
arn-
ing
syst
ems
•A
t lea
st fi
ve (5
)
•A
t lea
st 5
0%
MA
AIF
, NA
RO
, H
ighe
r Edu
catio
n &
rese
arch
Inst
i-tu
tions
,
MW
E
Dis
sem
inat
ion
even
ts a
nd p
rodu
cts
with
info
rmat
ion
on e
arly
war
ning
sy
stem
s
Trai
ning
in u
se o
f w
eath
er p
atte
rn in
-fo
rmat
ion
syst
ems
Initi
ativ
es su
ppor
ted
to p
rovi
de in
form
a-tio
n on
ear
ly w
arni
ng
syst
ems a
nd w
eath
er
patte
rns
300,
000
g)
Prom
ote
agric
ultu
ral
insu
ranc
e to
cus
hion
ag
ricul
tura
l los
s
•N
umbe
r of y
outh
ent
er-
pris
es su
ppor
ted
with
ag
ricul
tura
l ins
uran
ce
sche
mes
•N
umbe
r of i
nstit
utio
ns
prov
idin
g in
sura
nce
sche
mes
•A
t lea
st 2
00 p
roj-
ects
MA
AIF
,
MoF
PED
,
BoU
,
Fina
ncia
l Ins
titu-
tions
Wor
k w
ith fi
nanc
ial
inst
itutio
ns p
ro-
vidi
ng a
gric
ultu
ral
insu
ranc
e
Yout
h ag
ricul
tura
l en
terp
rises
insu
red
250,
000
57
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
h)
Des
ign
rapi
d re
spon
se
(dis
aste
r pre
pare
d-ne
ss) s
yste
m
•N
umbe
r of e
mer
gent
re
spon
ses c
ondu
cted
•
All
MA
AIF
,
OPM
,
MoF
PED
,
Offi
ce o
f the
Pre
s-id
ent,
MG
LSD
,
UN
and
oth
er
agen
cies
Supp
ort i
nter
ven-
tions
for e
mer
-ge
nce/
rapi
d re
-sp
onse
fund
Rap
id re
spon
se sy
s-te
m in
pla
ce1,
000,
000
Stra
tegy
5.2
: Pro
mot
e de
cent
wor
k an
d en
hanc
e oc
cupa
tiona
l hea
lth a
nd sa
fety
am
ong
the
yout
h
d)
Supp
ort r
esea
rch
and
prom
ote
best
pr
actic
es o
n w
orki
ng
cond
ition
s for
you
th
in a
grib
usin
ess
•N
umbe
r of i
nter
vent
ions
su
ppor
ted
•Pe
rcen
tage
of y
outh
w
ith k
now
ledg
e of
bes
t pr
actic
es
•A
t lea
st 1
0
•A
t lea
st 6
0%
MG
LSD
MA
AIF
, Hig
her
Educ
atio
n &
re-
sear
ch In
stitu
tions
Fund
rese
arch
stud
-ie
s on
best
pra
ctic
es
Res
earc
h pr
oduc
ts
on b
est p
ract
ices
in
occu
patio
nal h
ealth
901,
462
e)
Supp
ort s
ensi
tizat
ion
of y
outh
on
occu
pa-
tiona
l hea
lth a
nd sa
fe-
ty in
clud
ing
aspe
cts
to a
ddre
ss h
azar
dous
ch
ild la
bour
act
iviti
es
•N
umbe
r of y
outh
sens
i-tiz
ed a
bout
OSH
•A
ll
MG
LSD
,
MoH
, MA
AIF
,
Oth
er N
on-s
tate
ac
tors
Sens
itiza
tion
initi
a-tiv
es
Yout
h se
nsiti
zed
in
OSH
372,
311
f) Pr
ovis
ion
of p
rote
c-tiv
e ge
ars a
nd la
bour
sa
ving
tech
nolo
gies
•N
umbe
r of y
outh
sup-
porte
d w
ith O
SH k
its•
Atle
ast fi
ve (5
) na
tionw
ide
MoH
, MA
AIF
, M
GLS
DPr
ocur
e an
d di
strib
-ut
e O
SH k
itsYo
uth
have
OSH
kits
1,00
0,00
0
58
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
ANNEX 3: APPROACHES ADOPTED UNDER VARIOUS YOUTH PROGRAMS
Participatory Approach
Participatory approach entails the full participation and involvement of the community members, youth organizations and the local government in the design and implementation of the programme. Government programmes, such as YLP and NAADS, have been identified as having taken on this model to reach out to targeted youth nationwide. USAID’s FtF CPM activity and EAYIP are some of the donor-driven programmes that also used this approach. This approach has the advantage of being fully owned by the program designers and beneficiaries. The beneficiaries are involved in identification of the enterprises, possible challenges and mitigation measures. Whereas it is all embracing, it requires already existing and organized groups of youths, many of which are weak. Bureaucracy and corruption reduce the effectiveness of this approach to deliver the envisioned impact.
Multi-stakeholder Approach
In this approach, a number of interested stakeholders are involved. They identify roles to be played by each, based on their competencies, pool of resources and widely publicize the youth programmes. This approach creates a deep pool of resources, allows for cross fertilization of ideas, and draws from the strong points of each stakeholder, while weaknesses are easily absorbed. It allows for more partners and draws a lot from past experiences of the stakeholders. The challenge with it is the merging of ideology to ensure that each of the stakeholders is satisfied with the partnership and the end result. The issue of attribution may also cause challenges as stakeholders continue to forge for visibility. The Youth Venture Capital Fund (VCF) is one of the youth programmes that utilizes this approach.
Value chain or cluster approach
This approach focuses on specific agricultural value chain(s). Notable among these is CURAD (coffee); Afribanana (Banana); CPM (coffee, maize, beans); EAYIP (livestock) and AFRISA (livestock). This develops the enterprises in-depth, right from the pre-production phase to consumption. It leaves no node unaddressed and hence has the capacity for the full development of the commodities. A number of products and approaches are developed to address the needs of various market niches. However, it may shut out some of the youth whose interest may be in other commodities.
Hands-on or practical approach (Incubation model)
This approach focuses on imparting the practical skills that stimulate innovations and problem solving. The notable programs that use this approach are; Skilling Uganda, YAP, SAIP, CPM, and agribusiness incubators (UIRI, CURAD, Afribanana, AFRISA, FTBIC). The programme participants are nurtured to become successful entrepreneurs. Such an approach is pertinent for future employment and job creation. The major challenges include its expensive in nature and its limited to specific locations and centers in the country. Having many incubation centers is the way to go but it calls for a big resource envelope.
Hub or one-stop center approach
This approach provides for integration, and allows for comprehensive range of business support services to youth and their SMEs. It provides for a wide range of facilities, enterprises and skills which a person can acquire by being in one place only, with all the personnel competencies, instead of moving from place to place. Whereas it is expensive to set up such facilities, in the long run, they are cost effective compared to many other approaches. It can be replicated and up scaled in strategic locations in the country, but expensive. It benefits from well trained and experienced staff to offer the desired skills. Examples of this are; UIRI, CURAD, Afribanana and STRYDE. After care services are availed to strengthen the trainee in the practical world.
Holistic approach
Some of the programmes/projects, such as DYNAMIC, EAYIP, UPLIFT are taking a holistic approach. Here, the entire livelihood aspects of the youth are taken into consideration. Therefore, the social, economic and environmental aspects are considered. This is being used by especially development partners, e.g. FAO and UNICEF, with a long-term commitment to empower youth to achieve socially, economically and environmentally secure livelihoods. Such programs, however, might not give agriculture/agribusiness the visibility that it deserves since there are also other youth pressing problems, such as HIV/AIDS, teenage pregnancy, and drug use. Having recognized these approaches, it is important to further analyze their levels of success because they are not mutually exclusive. A good mixture of these methods is recommended to ensure optimal resource use and adequacy to attain the desired outcomes. Each of them has particularly strong and weak aspects as highlighted. It is desirable that SWOT and cost effective analysis be conducted to guide the right choice of approaches that can cause the greatest impact among the youth in the country.
59
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
ANNEX4:N
ATIO
NALST
RAT
EGYFORYOUTHEMPL
OYMENTINAGRICULT
URE-DETA
ILSOFINVEST
MENTEFF
ORTANDCOST
NSY
EA
Com
pone
nts,
Obj
ec-
tives
, Str
ateg
ies A
nd A
ctiv
ities
Out
puts
No Of Units
Uni
t C
ost
(‘00
0)
UG
X
Year
1
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 2
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 3
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 4
(‘
000)
Year
5
(‘00
0)To
tal F
or
5
Year
s (‘
000)
TH
EM
ATIC
AR
EA
1:
STR
EN
GT
HE
N T
HE
EN
AB
LIN
G E
NV
IRO
NM
EN
T FO
R Y
OU
TH
EM
PLO
YM
EN
T
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive
Nar
rativ
e: T
o pr
omot
e an
ena
blin
g en
viro
nmen
t for
you
th e
mpl
oym
ent i
n ag
ricu
lture
Stra
tegy
1.1
: Str
engt
hen
the
Polic
y an
d L
egal
Fra
mew
ork
1.1.
1a) I
dent
ify, R
evie
w a
nd
Har
mon
ize
Law
s, Po
licie
s and
St
rate
gies
Rel
atin
g to
You
th in
A
gric
ultu
re.
Polic
y B
riefs
On
The
Pol-
icie
s, La
ws A
nd S
trate
gies
R
espo
nsiv
e To
You
th Is
sues
Lum
p su
m
(Con
sulta
ncy
348,
758
Follo
w th
roug
h co
sts f
rom
last
ye
ar0
00
348,
758
1.1.
1b)
Lob
by G
over
nmen
t and
Po
licy
Mak
ers F
or L
egal
Pro
vi-
sion
s Tha
t Rec
ogni
ze T
he 1
4-17
Ye
ar O
lds
Rec
ogni
tion
Of Y
outh
Age
d 14
-17
Year
s With
in G
over
n-m
ent P
rogr
ams
Lum
p su
m20
4,00
0Fo
llow
thro
ugh
cost
s fro
m la
st
year
Follo
w th
roug
h co
sts f
rom
last
ye
ar0
020
4,00
0
1.1.
1c)
Pr
omot
e Aw
aren
ess
Initi
ativ
es A
bout
You
th E
n-ab
ling
Law
s, Pr
oced
ures
, Rig
hts,
Prog
ram
mes
, Obl
igat
ions
and
R
emed
ies
Yout
h Aw
are
Of R
ight
s, O
blig
atio
ns a
nd R
emed
ies T
o C
halle
nges
The
y Fa
ce
10 W
ork-
shop
52,0
0010
4,00
010
4,00
010
4,00
010
4,00
010
4,00
052
0,00
0
1.1.
1d) S
uppo
rt D
isse
min
atio
n O
f Th
e N
SYEA
and
You
th P
rogr
ams
Popu
lar V
ersi
on, L
eafle
ts
Dis
sem
inat
ed
10 D
is-
sem
inat
ion
Wor
ksho
ps55
,000
165,
000
165,
000
220,
000
00
550,
000
1.1.
1e) S
uppo
rt M
onito
ring
and
Enfo
rcem
ent O
f Reg
ulat
ions
Pe
rtain
ing
To A
gric
ultu
ral S
ervi
ces
Espe
cial
ly, I
nput
s
Enfo
rced
Reg
ulat
ions
Ta
ilore
d To
Sup
port
Yout
h Se
rvic
es In
Agr
icul
ture
5
300,
000
300,
000
300,
000
300,
000
300,
000
1,50
0,00
0
1.1.
1f)
Bui
ld C
apac
ity O
f MA
AIF
To
Mai
nstre
am Y
outh
Issu
es In
Th
eir P
rogr
ams a
nd P
artn
ersh
ips
Incl
usiv
e O
f 14-
17 Y
ear O
lds
Trai
ning
Ses
sion
s Hel
d an
d Ev
iden
ce O
f Pro
ject
s D
esig
ned
Refl
ectin
g Y
outh
Is
sues
512
8,00
012
8,00
012
8,00
012
8,00
012
8,00
012
8,00
064
0,00
0
1.1.
1g) S
uppo
rt Im
prov
emen
t Of
The
M&
E Sy
stem
s For
You
th
Inte
rven
tions
Perf
orm
ance
Dat
a O
n Yo
uth
In A
gric
ultu
re10
100,
000
200,
000
200,
000
200,
000
200,
000
200,
000
1,00
0,00
0
1.1.
1h) L
obby
For
Pro
visi
on O
f Yo
uth
Agr
ibus
ines
s Tax
Ince
ntiv
esTa
x In
cent
ives
In P
lace
Lum
p su
m65
,167
Follo
w th
roug
h co
sts f
rom
last
ye
ar
Follo
w th
roug
h co
sts f
rom
last
ye
ar0
065
,167
60
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
NSY
EA
Com
pone
nts,
Obj
ec-
tives
, Str
ateg
ies A
nd A
ctiv
ities
Out
puts
No Of Units
Uni
t C
ost
(‘00
0)
UG
X
Year
1
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 2
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 3
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 4
(‘
000)
Year
5
(‘00
0)To
tal F
or
5
Year
s (‘
000)
1.1.
1i)
Lobb
y Fo
r Inc
reas
ed R
ural
El
ectri
ficat
ion
To S
pur P
roce
ssin
g A
t Low
er C
osts
.
Incr
ease
d A
cces
s and
Use
O
f Affo
rdab
le E
lect
ricity
By
Yout
h In
Pro
cess
ing
534
,000
34,0
0034
,000
34,0
0034
,000
34,0
0017
0,00
0
1.1.
1j) R
evita
lize A
Nat
iona
l Agr
i-cu
ltura
l You
th F
orum
Nat
iona
l Agr
icul
tura
l You
th
Foru
m E
stab
lishe
d Lu
mp
sum
110,
000
110,
000
110,
000
110,
000
110,
000
550,
000
Sub
Tota
l 1,
658,
925
1,04
1,00
01,
096,
000
876,
000
876,
000
5,54
7,92
5
Stra
tegy
1.2
Enh
ance
Lan
d A
cces
s and
Con
trol
by
Yout
h
1.1.
2a) L
obby
For
Est
ablis
hmen
t O
f A Y
outh
Lan
d Fu
ndN
atio
nal Y
outh
Lan
d Fu
nd
In P
lace
Lum
p su
m
15
0,00
0
15
0,00
0
1.1.
2b) B
uild
The
Cap
acity
of
Hou
seho
lds,
Com
mun
ities
and
C
omm
unity
Net
wor
ks to
Pro
mot
e Yo
uth
Ow
ners
hip
and
Util
izat
ion
of P
ublic
and
Priv
ate
Land
.
Com
mun
ity N
etw
orks
Pro
-m
otin
g Yo
uth
Util
izat
ion
Of
Land
For
Agr
icul
ture
12
19
1,60
0
191,
600
191,
600
191,
600
191,
600
958,
000
Sub
Tota
l
341,
600
19
1,60
0
19
1,60
0
19
1,60
0
19
1,60
0
1,
108,
000
Stra
tegy
1.3
Str
engt
hen
Fam
ily a
nd C
omm
unity
Invo
lvem
ent i
n Yo
uth
Agr
icul
tura
l Pro
gram
s/Pr
ojec
ts to
enh
ance
ow
ners
hip
and
Prop
erty
1.1.
3a) E
duca
te T
he Y
outh
s On
The
Valu
es O
f Fam
ily a
nd C
om-
mun
ity S
truct
ures
Enha
nced
Val
ues W
ithin
C
omm
uniti
es S
uppo
rtive
O
f You
th E
mpl
oym
ent I
n A
gric
ultu
re
10 C
am-
paig
ns91
,322
91,3
22 1
82,6
44
273,
966
365,
288
91
3,22
1
1.1.
3b)
Supp
ort Y
outh
, Par
ents
an
d C
omm
unity
Par
ticip
atio
n In
A
gric
ultu
ral P
rogr
ams/
Proj
ects
’ D
esig
ns, I
mpl
emen
tatio
n an
d M
onito
ring
Incr
ease
d Pa
rtici
patio
n O
f Pa
rent
s, G
uard
ians
and
C
omm
uniti
es In
You
th In
Ag-
ricul
ture
Pro
ject
Des
ign
Lum
p su
m
186,
074
186,
074
186,
074
186,
074
186,
074
930,
370
1.13
c) S
uppo
rt Es
tabl
ishm
ent,
Nur
turin
g O
f Men
torin
g A
p-pr
oach
es W
ith S
peci
al E
mph
asis
O
n Pr
oxim
ity S
kills
For
The
14-
17
Year
Old
s
Nur
ture
d an
d M
ento
red
Yout
h O
n Va
rious
App
roac
h-es
10 M
ento
-rin
g C
am-
paig
ns
198,
400
198,
400
396,
800
595,
200
793,
600
1,
984,
000
1.1.
3d) S
uppo
rt In
itiat
ives
Tha
t C
reat
e M
inds
et C
hang
e Am
ong
The Y
outh
And
Com
mun
ities
To
Inve
st In
Agr
icul
ture
As A
Via
ble
Vent
ure.
Incr
ease
You
th R
epor
ting
Cha
nge
In O
pini
on O
n In
-ve
stm
ent I
n A
gric
ultu
re
6 C
hann
els
Of F
eed-
back
461,
260
307,
506.
6715
3,75
3.33
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st y
ear
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st
year
922,
520
61
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
NSY
EA
Com
pone
nts,
Obj
ec-
tives
, Str
ateg
ies A
nd A
ctiv
ities
Out
puts
No Of Units
Uni
t C
ost
(‘00
0)
UG
X
Year
1
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 2
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 3
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 4
(‘
000)
Year
5
(‘00
0)To
tal F
or
5
Year
s (‘
000)
Sub
Tota
l
93
7,05
6
1,07
3,02
5 1,
208,
993
1,34
4,96
2
18
6,07
4
4,
750,
111
Strategy1.4In
creaseaccesstoagricultu
ralfinance
1.1.
4 A
)Sen
sitiz
e Th
e You
th A
nd
Fina
ncia
l Ins
titut
ions
Reg
ardi
ng
Avai
labl
e Fi
nanc
ial P
rodu
cts T
o Es
tabl
ish
Form
al li
nks
Link
s Est
ablis
hed
Bet
wee
n Yo
uth
And
Fin
anci
al In
ter-
med
iarie
s Pro
vidi
ng V
iabl
e Fi
nanc
ial O
ptio
ns
Lum
p su
m
180,
000
180,
000
Follo
w th
roug
h co
sts f
rom
last
ye
ar b
udge
t
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st y
ear
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st
year
360,
000
1.1.
4b)A
dvoc
ate
For M
ore
Yout
h-Fr
iend
ly F
inan
cial
Pro
duct
s W
orki
ng W
ith F
inan
cial
Inst
itu-
tions
Yout
h Fr
iend
ly F
inan
cial
Pr
oduc
ts S
uppo
rting
Agr
icul
-tu
ral E
nter
pris
esLu
mp
sum
20
0,00
0
Follo
w th
roug
h co
sts f
rom
last
ye
ar b
udge
t
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st y
ear
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st
year
200,
000
1.1.
4c)L
obby
Gov
ernm
ent T
o Es
-ta
blis
h A
n In
nova
tion
Incu
batio
n Fu
nd F
or Y
outh
Gro
ups
Inno
vatio
n In
cuba
tion
Fund
In
Pla
ceLu
mp
sum
15
0,00
010
0,00
0Fo
llow
thro
ugh
cost
s fro
m la
st
year
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st y
ear
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st
year
250,
000
1.1.
4d)S
uppo
rt Es
tabl
ishm
ent A
nd
Cap
acity
Bui
ldin
g O
f You
th F
arm
-er
Gro
ups,
Savi
ngs A
nd C
redi
t Co-
oper
ativ
es (S
AC
CO
s) A
nd V
illag
e Sa
ving
s And
Loa
n A
ssoc
iatio
ns
(VLS
As)
To
Ease
Mob
ilisa
tion,
A
nd In
crea
se S
avin
gs A
nd A
cces
s To
Agr
icul
tura
l Fin
ance
.
Incr
ease
d In
clus
ion
Of Y
outh
In
SA
CC
Os,
VLS
As A
nd
Oth
er In
com
e M
obili
zatio
n Sc
hem
es
5 SA
CC
Os/
VLS
As
With
You
th
Incl
uded
186,
640
186,
640
373,
280
373,
280
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st y
ear
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st
year
933
,200
1.1.
4e) S
uppo
rt Es
tabl
ishm
ent A
nd
Prom
otio
n O
f Spe
cial
Mic
rofi-
nanc
e Sc
hem
es F
or T
he 1
4-17
Ye
ar O
lds
A S
chem
e Pu
t In
Plac
e Lu
mp
sum
10
0,00
0
10
0,00
0
Sub
Tota
l
816,
640
65
3,28
0
37
3,28
0
1,
843,
200
Stra
tegy
1.5
Incr
ease
Acc
ess a
nd u
se o
f IC
T fo
r yo
uth
in A
gric
ultu
re
1.1.
5a)E
stab
lishm
ent O
f Int
erne
t En
able
d C
omm
unity
Info
rmat
ion
Cen
tres (
Incl
udin
g IC
T So
ftwar
e A
nd E
quip
men
t) To
Pro
vide
And
Pr
omot
e M
arke
t Inf
orm
atio
n Sh
arin
g To
and
Am
ong
The Y
outh
In
Agr
icul
ture
Func
tiona
l IC
T C
ente
rs In
Pl
ace
633
5,00
067
0,00
067
0,00
067
0,00
0Fo
llow
th
roug
h co
sts
from
last
yea
r
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st
year
2,01
0,00
0
62
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
NSY
EA
Com
pone
nts,
Obj
ec-
tives
, Str
ateg
ies A
nd A
ctiv
ities
Out
puts
No Of Units
Uni
t C
ost
(‘00
0)
UG
X
Year
1
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 2
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 3
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 4
(‘
000)
Year
5
(‘00
0)To
tal F
or
5
Year
s (‘
000)
1.1.
5b) S
ensi
tize A
nd T
rain
The
Yo
uth
In U
sing
ICT
In A
gric
ultu
rePr
opor
tion
Of Y
outh
Tra
ined
In
ICT
Skill
s For
Agr
icul
ture
632
0,00
096
0,00
064
0,00
032
0,00
0Fo
llow
th
roug
h co
sts
from
last
yea
r
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st
year
1,92
0,00
0
1.1.
5c) U
nder
take
Res
earc
h A
nd
Supp
ort D
isse
min
atio
n O
f Offl
ine
Tool
s Tha
t Are
Usa
ble
With
No
Or
Lim
ited
Inte
rnet
Con
nect
ivity
Res
earc
h Pr
oduc
ts A
nd O
ff-Li
ne T
ools
Dev
elop
ed5
100,
000
100,
000
200,
000
100,
000
100,
000
500,
000
Sub
Tota
l
1,
730,
000
1,51
0,00
01,
090,
000
100,
000
4,
430,
000
1.1.
6a)
Supp
ort T
he Y
outh
In
Sust
aina
ble
Prod
uctio
n O
f Hig
h Q
ualit
y, V
alue
, Qua
ntity
and
Saf
e A
gric
ultu
re P
rodu
cts
Hig
h Va
lue,
Qua
lity
and
Safe
Pr
oduc
ts T
rade
d6
175,
000
525,
000
350,
000
175,
000
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st y
ear
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st
year
1,05
0,00
0
1.1.
6b) S
uppo
rt A
gro-
Proc
ess-
ing
and
Post
-Har
vest
Han
dlin
g In
fras
truct
ure
(Inc
ludi
ng C
otta
ge
Indu
strie
s)
Mor
e In
stal
latio
ns
1270
7,00
070
7,00
01,
414,
000
2,12
1,00
02,
828,
000
1,41
4,00
08,
484,
000
1.1.
6c) S
uppo
rt O
rgan
izin
g O
f In
form
al G
roup
s Of R
ural
You
th
Age
d 14
-17
Year
-Old
s
Gro
ups O
f 14-
17 Y
ears
Old
O
pera
tiona
l6
Rur
al
Gro
ups
260,
000
260,
000
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st y
ear
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st
year
520,
000
1.1.
6d)S
uppo
rt A
nd P
rom
ote
Ini-
tiativ
es In
Mar
ket L
inka
ges S
uch
As:
Cap
acity
For
Sto
rage
(To
Bul
k U
p Su
pplie
s), C
ontra
ct N
egot
ia-
tions
And
Mar
ket A
naly
sis
Initi
ativ
es in
Pla
ce to
Sup
port
Link
ages
for Y
outh
to V
ari-
ous M
arke
ts.
6
40
0,00
026
6,66
6.70
133,
333.
66Fo
llow
th
roug
h co
sts
from
last
yea
r
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st
year
800,
000
Bic
ycle
s And
Car
ts P
rocu
red
4,80
025
025
0,00
050
0,00
025
0,00
020
0,00
0
1,20
0,00
0
Sub
Tota
l
1,88
2,00
0
2,79
0,66
7
2,93
9,33
4
3,02
8,00
0
1,
414,
000
12,0
54,0
00
1.1.
7a)S
uppo
rt Th
e You
th T
o A
cqui
re S
kills
For
Ope
ratin
g,
Mai
nten
ance
and
Fab
ricat
ion
Of
Agr
icul
tura
l Too
ls A
nd E
quip
men
t
Yout
h W
ith S
kills
For
M
aint
aini
ng, O
pera
ting
and
Fabr
icat
ing
Agr
icul
tura
l M
achi
nerie
s
10 C
ours
es10
0,00
010
0,00
020
0,00
030
0,00
040
0,00
0
1,00
0,00
0
1.1.
7b)E
stab
lish
Yout
h A
gro
Mac
hine
ry H
ire a
nd L
easi
ng P
ilot
Sche
me
Agr
o M
achi
nery
Hire
and
Le
asin
g Sc
hem
e In
Pla
ceLu
mp
sum
40
0,00
040
0,00
0Fo
llow
thro
ugh
cost
s fro
m la
st
year
80
0,00
0
Sub
Tota
l
50
0,00
060
0,00
030
0,00
040
0,00
0
1,80
0,00
0
The
mat
ic A
rea
1 To
tal
7,86
6,22
1 7
,859
,572
7
,199
,207
5
,940
,562
2,
667,
674
31,
533,
236
63
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
NSY
EA
Com
pone
nts,
Obj
ec-
tives
, Str
ateg
ies A
nd A
ctiv
ities
Out
puts
No Of Units
Uni
t C
ost
(‘00
0)
UG
X
Year
1
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 2
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 3
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 4
(‘
000)
Year
5
(‘00
0)To
tal F
or
5
Year
s (‘
000)
TH
EM
ATIC
AR
EA
2: S
UPP
OR
T Y
OU
TH
OR
IEN
TE
D A
GR
ICU
LTU
RA
L E
XT
EN
SIO
N
StrategicObjective:Toem
poweryouthtoparticipateandbenefitequitablyfrom
agriculturalextensionservices(costedunderNationalA
griculturalE
xtensionServicesP
olicyimplem
en-
tatio
n by
the
Dir
ecto
rate
of A
gric
ultu
ral S
ervi
ces E
xten
sion
)
Strategy2.1EffectiveParticipationandbenefitbytheyouthfrom
youth-friendlyagricultu
ralextensionservices
2.1.
1 a)
Con
duct
cap
acity
bui
ldin
g se
ssio
ns fo
r you
th to
dem
and
exte
nsio
n se
rvic
es
2.1.
1 b)
Rev
iew
and
ada
pt g
uide
lines
on
inte
grat
ion
of y
outh
into
ext
ensi
on se
rvic
es
2.1.
1 c)
Car
ry o
ut p
rom
otio
n ac
tiviti
es fo
r you
th in
volv
emen
t in
agric
ultu
re e
xten
sion
serv
ices
1.1.
1 d)
Con
duct
scop
ing
Stud
y an
d A
sses
smen
t on
agric
ultu
ral s
ervi
ce e
xten
sion
in a
bid
to u
psca
le b
est p
ract
ices
The
mat
ic A
rea
2 To
tal
00
00
00
TH
EM
ATIC
AR
EA
3: I
MPR
OV
E Y
OU
TH
ED
UC
ATIO
N A
ND
LE
AR
NIN
G
Stra
tegi
c O
bjec
tive:
To
mai
nstr
eam
you
th in
agr
icul
ture
edu
catio
n at
all
leve
ls
Stra
tegy
3.1
To
mai
nstr
eam
you
th ta
rget
ed a
gric
ultu
re e
duca
tion
at a
ll le
vels
3.1.
1a) A
dvoc
ate
and
Supp
ort R
e-vi
ew T
he C
urric
ulum
To
Prom
ote
Prac
tical
Orie
ntat
ion
Of Y
outh
To
Agr
icul
ture
Cur
ricul
um C
ompl
ianc
e To
Yo
uth
In A
gric
ultu
re
2 A
dvoc
acy
Cam
paig
n M
eetin
gs15
0,00
030
0,00
0
30
0,00
0
3.1.
1b) S
uppo
rt an
d Pr
omot
e Yo
uth
Agr
icul
tura
l Clu
bs a
nd
Cam
ps.
Yout
h Fo
r Agr
icul
ture
Clu
bs
In P
lace
100
Yout
h C
lubs
Put
In
Plac
e
243,
000
100,
600
100,
000
100,
000
54
3,60
0
3.1.
1c) C
ondu
ct N
atio
nal A
gric
ul-
tura
l Com
petit
ions
For
The
You
th
To F
acili
tate
Pee
r Lea
rnin
gN
atio
nal C
ompe
titio
ns H
eld
2 N
atio
nal
Com
peti-
tions
Hel
d50
0,00
050
0,00
0
500,
000
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st y
ear
Follo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st
year
1,00
0,00
0
3.1.
1d) P
rom
ote
Prac
tical
Sch
ool
Farm
ing
Syst
ems (
E.G
. Sch
ool
Gar
dens
For
Stu
dent
s’ Pr
actic
al
Teac
hing
)
Awar
enes
s Cre
ated
On
Pra
c-tic
al F
arm
ing
Syst
ems
10 A
war
e-ne
ss
Cam
paig
n M
eetin
gs
50
0,00
050
0,00
039
1,00
0 F
ollo
w
thro
ugh
cost
s fr
om la
st y
ear
Fol
low
th
roug
h co
sts
from
last
ye
ar
1,39
1,00
0
3.1.
1e)
Supp
ort L
ife S
kills
Dev
el-
opm
ent a
nd H
IV/A
IDS
Prev
entio
n an
d M
itiga
tion
Initi
ativ
es
Life
Ski
lls D
evel
oped
A
mon
g Yo
uth
On
HIV
Pr
even
tion
and
Miti
gatio
n M
easu
res
10 W
ork-
shop
s On
HIV
Pre
ven-
tion
25
0,00
025
0,00
025
0,00
025
0,00
011
7,00
01,
117,
000
64
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
NSY
EA
Com
pone
nts,
Obj
ec-
tives
, Str
ateg
ies A
nd A
ctiv
ities
Out
puts
No Of Units
Uni
t C
ost
(‘00
0)
UG
X
Year
1
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 2
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 3
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 4
(‘
000)
Year
5
(‘00
0)To
tal F
or
5
Year
s (‘
000)
3.1.
1f)
Supp
ort C
apac
ity B
uild
ing
Of Y
outh
Tra
iner
s To
Men
tor T
he
14-1
7 Yo
ung
Pers
ons
Tot O
n Po
st T
o M
ento
r You
th20
0,00
0 To
t Tr
aine
d
300,
000
300,
000
100,
000
700,
000
Sub
Tota
l
2,09
3,00
0
1,15
0,60
0
1,34
1,00
0
35
0,00
0
11
7,00
0 5,
051,
600
Stra
tegy
3.2
Pro
mot
e ag
ricu
ltura
l voc
atio
nal T
rain
ing
3.2.
1a) P
artn
er W
ith M
oES
and
Oth
er S
take
hold
ers T
o Su
ppor
t Vo
catio
nal I
nstit
utio
ns T
o O
ffer
Form
al a
nd In
form
al S
hort
Cou
rs-
es T
o Th
e You
th a
nd E
spec
ially
Th
e 14
-17
Year
Old
s
Voca
tiona
l Ins
titut
ions
Of-
ferin
g Fo
rmal
and
Info
rmal
Sh
ort C
ours
es.
250
Vo-
catio
nal
Inst
itutio
ns
Bro
ught
On
Boa
rd T
o Tr
ain
14-1
7 Ye
ar O
lds
4,00
025
0,00
025
0,00
020
0,00
015
0,00
015
0,00
01,
000,
000
3.2.
1b) S
treng
then
The
Cap
acity
O
f ZA
RD
Is T
o O
ffer R
elev
ant
Voca
tiona
l Tr
aini
ng T
o Th
e You
th
In A
gric
ultu
re
Yout
h Pr
ovid
ed W
ith V
oca-
tiona
l Ski
lls
4 Vo
catio
nal
Inst
itutio
ns
Bui
lt1,
500,
000
1,00
0,00
01,
000,
000
500,
000
500,
000
4,50
0,00
0
Sub
Tota
l
1,75
0,00
0
1,25
0,00
0 1
,200
,000
6
50,0
00
650
,000
5,
500,
000
The
mat
ic A
rea
3 To
tal
3,84
3,00
02,
400,
600
2,54
1,00
01,
000,
000
767,
000
10,5
51,6
00
TH
EM
ATIC
AR
EA
4 S
UPP
OR
T Y
OU
TH
EN
TR
EPR
EN
UE
RSH
IP
Stra
tegy
Obj
ectiv
e: T
o en
hanc
e th
e en
trep
rene
ursh
ip S
kills
of t
he Y
outh
Stra
tegy
4.1
Pro
mot
e an
d Su
ppor
t You
th A
gric
ultu
ral E
ntre
pren
eurs
as a
n in
cent
ive
for
job
crea
tion
and
inco
me
gene
ratio
n
4.1.
1a) S
uppo
rt Yo
uth
Agr
icul
tura
l En
trepr
eneu
rs T
o A
cces
s Bus
ines
s In
cuba
tion
Serv
ices
Yout
h Sk
ills E
nhan
ced
200,
000
Yout
h Tr
aine
d
500,
000
200,
000
60,0
00
76
0,00
0
4.1.
1b) B
uild
Cap
acity
Of T
he
Yout
h To
Writ
e V
iabl
e Agr
icul
ture
Pr
opos
als a
nd B
usin
ess P
lans
For
So
urci
ng O
f Fun
ds
Yout
h B
usin
ess P
ropo
sals
D
evel
oped
10 T
rain
ing
Wor
ksho
ps
300,
000
200,
000
110,
120
610,
120
65
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
NSY
EA
Com
pone
nts,
Obj
ec-
tives
, Str
ateg
ies A
nd A
ctiv
ities
Out
puts
No Of Units
Uni
t C
ost
(‘00
0)
UG
X
Year
1
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 2
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 3
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 4
(‘
000)
Year
5
(‘00
0)To
tal F
or
5
Year
s (‘
000)
4.1.
1c) W
ork
With
MoE
S In
Pro
vi-
sion
Of B
asic
Fun
ctio
nal L
itera
cy
and
Num
erac
y Sk
ills T
o Th
e 14
-17
Youn
g Pe
rson
s (To
Tho
se U
nabl
e To
Atte
nd S
choo
ling)
.
Func
tiona
l Ski
lls B
uilt
Func
tion-
al S
kills
C
lass
es
260,
000
201,
000
200,
000
100,
000
76
1,00
0
Sub
Tota
l
1,06
0,00
0
601,
000
370,
120
100,
000
2,
131,
120
The
mat
ic A
rea
4 To
tal
1,06
0,00
060
1,00
037
0,12
010
0,00
0
2,13
1,12
0
TH
EM
ATIC
AR
EA
5 A
DA
PTAT
ION
AN
D M
ITIG
ATIO
N O
F A
GR
IBU
SIN
ESS
RIS
KS
AN
D U
NC
ER
TAIN
ITIE
S
5.1StrategicObjective:Toreducevulnerabilitytorisksanduncertaintiesforenhancedproductivity,profitabilityandincomes
Stra
tegy
5.1
.1 E
nhan
ced
yout
h ad
aptio
n an
d re
silie
nce
to c
limat
e re
late
d ag
ribu
sine
ss r
isks
and
unc
erta
intie
s
5.1.
1a)S
uppo
rt D
evel
opm
ent a
nd
Prom
ote
Upt
ake
Of B
est P
ract
ices
, In
nova
tions
and
Tec
hnol
ogie
s Rel
-ev
ant T
o A
ddre
ssin
g A
grib
usin
ess
Ris
ks a
nd U
ncer
tain
ties
Bes
t Pra
ctic
es A
nd In
nova
-tio
ns O
n Va
rious
Tec
hnol
o-gi
es A
dopt
ed
A b
est
prac
tice
per
ente
rpris
e as
do
cum
ent-
ed b
y th
e re
view
s
Lum
p
sum
250,
000
250,
000
200,
000
200,
000
100,
000
1,00
0,00
0
5.1.
1b) S
uppo
rt In
terv
entio
ns
Tow
ards
Effe
ctiv
e an
d Effi
cien
t D
isse
min
atio
n of
Info
rmat
ion
On
Wea
ther
Pat
tern
s and
Ear
ly W
arn-
ing
Syst
ems f
or C
SA a
nd B
ette
r A
grib
usin
ess P
lann
ing.
Initi
ativ
es S
uppo
rted
To
Prov
ide
Info
rmat
ion
On
Early
War
ning
Sys
tem
s and
W
eath
er P
atte
rns
4 Su
ppor
t in
terv
en-
tions
per
ye
ar
Lum
p
sum
300,
000
300,
000
5.1.
1c)P
rom
ote A
gric
ultu
ral I
nsur
-an
ce T
o C
ushi
on A
gric
ultu
ral L
oss
Yout
h A
gric
ultu
ral E
nter
pris
-es
Insu
red
5 A
gri-
cultu
ral
Ente
rpris
es
Insu
ranc
e Pl
ans
50,0
0012
5,00
012
5,00
0
250,
000
5.1.
1d)D
esig
n R
apid
Res
pons
e (D
isas
ter P
repa
redn
ess)
Sys
tem
R
apid
Res
pons
e Sy
stem
In
Plac
eLu
mp
sum
25
0,00
025
0,00
020
0,00
015
0,00
015
0,00
01,
000,
000
Sub
Tota
l
92
5,00
062
5,00
040
0,00
035
0,00
025
0,00
02,
550,
000
66
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
NSY
EA
Com
pone
nts,
Obj
ec-
tives
, Str
ateg
ies A
nd A
ctiv
ities
Out
puts
No Of Units
Uni
t C
ost
(‘00
0)
UG
X
Year
1
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 2
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 3
(‘
000)
Ye
ar 4
(‘
000)
Year
5
(‘00
0)To
tal F
or
5
Year
s (‘
000)
Stra
tegy
5.1
.2 P
rom
ote
dece
nt w
ork
and
enha
nce
occu
patio
nal h
ealth
and
safe
ty a
mon
g th
e yo
uth
5.1.
2a) S
uppo
rt R
esea
rch
and
Pro-
mot
e B
est P
ract
ices
On
Wor
king
C
ondi
tions
For
You
th In
Agr
ibus
i-ne
ss
Res
earc
h Pr
oduc
ts O
n B
est
Prac
tices
In O
ccup
atio
nal
Hea
lth
6 R
esea
rch
Rep
orts
30
1,00
030
0,00
010
0,46
210
0,00
010
0,00
090
1,46
2
5.1.
2b) S
uppo
rt Se
nsiti
zatio
n of
Yo
uth
on O
ccup
atio
nal H
ealth
an
d Sa
fety
Incl
udin
g A
spec
ts to
A
ddre
ss H
azar
dous
Chi
ld L
abou
r A
ctiv
ities
Yout
h Se
nsiti
zed
In O
SH
3 Se
nsi-
tizat
ion
Wor
ksho
ps
Hel
d
10
2,00
010
0,31
110
0,00
035
000
3500
037
2,31
1
5.1.
2c) P
rovi
sion
of P
rote
ctiv
e G
ears
and
Lab
our S
avin
g Te
ch-
nolo
gies
Yout
h H
ave
OSH
Kits
200,
000
Kits
50
0,00
012
5,00
012
5,00
012
5,00
012
5,00
01,
000,
000
Sub
Tota
l
90
3,00
052
5,31
132
5,46
226
0,00
026
0,00
02,
273,
773
The
mat
ic A
rea
5 To
tal
1,82
8,00
01,
150,
311
725,
462
610,
000
510,
000
4,82
3,77
3
TOTA
L FO
R A
LL 5
TH
EMAT
IC
AR
EAS
14,5
97,2
21
12,0
11,4
83
10,8
35,7
89
7,
650,
562
3,94
4,67
4
49,0
39,7
29
MO
NIT
OR
ING
AN
D E
VALU
-AT
ION
(3%
Of t
he T
otal
Act
ivity
B
udge
t)
437,
916
360,
344
32
5,07
3
229,
516
118,
340
1,47
1,19
1
Con
tinge
ncy
Adj
uste
d Fo
r 7%
In
flatio
n
0
840,
804
758,
505
535,
539
276,
127
2,41
0,97
5
AL
L G
RA
ND
TO
TAL
15,0
35,1
3713
,212
,631
11,9
19,3
688,
415,
618
4,33
9,14
152
,921
,895
67
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE
GLOSSARY
Agriculture (also called farming or husbandry): The art and science of growing crops, rearing of livestock, fish, bees, and other productive insects.
Agricultural sector: Includes crops, livestock, agro-forestry, fishing, aquaculture, sericulture and other related activities.
Agribusiness: Denotes the collective farm-to-table business activities that are performed by agricultural input suppliers, producers, agro processors, distributors, traders, exporters, retailers and consumers.
Child Labor: Child labour refers to work that is mentally, physically, socially and/or morally dangerous and harmful to children. In addition, Child labour is perceived as work or activities that interfere with children’s school attendance (Child labour policy 2006)
A Child: Is a person below the age 18 years.
Decent work: Sums up the aspirations of people in their working lives. It involves opportunities for work that is productive and delivers a fair income, security in the workplace and social protection for families, better prospects for personal development and social integration, freedom for people to express
their concerns, organize and participate in the decisions that affect their lives and equality of opportunity and treatment for all women and men
Farmer: A person who grows crops, or rears livestock fish, bees, silkworms and other productive insects
Value chain: A set of linked activities that work to add value to a product; it consists of actors and actions that improve a product while linking commodity producers to processors and markets
Youth: Constitutionally, these are persons that are in the 18-30-year age bracket.
Strategy: A plan of action or general direction set or designed to achieve an overall aim or desired state in the future
Unemployment: A situation where someone of working age is not able to get a job but would like to be in full time employment. It also refers to actively searching for and being unable to find work.
Employment: Is work performed for others such as company or organizations or being able to work in one’s own firm for pay of profit.
REPUBLIC OF UGANDAMINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL INDUSTRY AND FISHERIES
P.O.BOX 102, ENTEBBE, UGANDATEL: +256414320004
EMAIL:[email protected]: www.agriculture.go.ug