National Plan Marine Oil Spill Response Health and Safety ... · MARINE OIL SPILL RESPONSE HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDANCE GUIDANCE Reference: NP-GUI-026 . i National Plan Guidance on:

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National Plan Guidance on: Marine Oil Spill Response Health and Safety – Reference: NP-GUI-026

NATIONAL PLAN

MARINE OIL SPILL RESPONSEHEALTH AND SAFETY

GUIDANCE

GUIDANCE

Reference: NP-GUI-026

i

National Plan Guidance on: Response, Assessment and Termination of Cleaning for Oil Contaminated Foreshores – Reference: NP-GUI-025

CONTENTSList of Acronyms 1

Introduction 2

Aim 2

Scope 2

Audience 2

Structure 2

Review process 2

1 HazardIdentificationandRiskAssessment 3

1.1 MandatoryWorkplaceHealthandSafetyRequirements 4

1.1.1 LegislativeArrangements 4

1.1.2 WorkplaceHealthandSafety 4

1.1.3 Responderwelfare 5

1.2 RiskManagementProcess 6

1.2.1 StepOne:Identifythehazard 7

1.2.2 StepTwo:Assesstherisk 8

1.2.3 StepThree:Applyhazardcontrols 9

1.2.4 StepFour:Acceptorrejectresidualrisk 10

1.2.5 StepFive:Monitorandreview 10

2. ApplicationofRiskManagement 11

2.1 TheSafetyPlan 11

2.2 Incident Management Team (IMT) 12

2.3 In-fieldResponders 12

2.4 StandardOperatingProcedures(SOP) 12

2.5 JobSafetyAnalysis(JSA) 12

2.6 TakeFive 13

2.7 PersonalProtectiveEquipment(PPE)Register 14

2.8 Ongoingwelfarearrangements 14

2.8.1 Amenities 14

2.8.2 Fitnessfortaskofresponders 15

2.8.3 Firstaidrequirements 15

2.8.4 ResponderHealthandSafetyMonitoring 16

2.8.5 Decontamination 16

2.8.6 AirMonitoringandExclusionZones 18

3. PPERequirementsforOilSpillResponders 18

4. References 24

ii

5. Appendices 25

5.1 CaseStudy:ExerciseWestwinddeckcranehydraulicfailure 25

5.2 OilSpillResponderTrainingStandards 26

5.3 HazardRegister 27

5.3.1 HazardRegister:Onshore-General 27

5.3.2 HazardRegister:Vehicles,Vessels,Aircraft,andMovements 29

5.3.3 HazardRegister:HazardsSpecifictoOilSpillResponse 31

5.3.4 HazardRegister:AustralianRegionalHazards 32

5.4 SafetyPlanChecklist 33

5.5 SafetyPlan 34

5.6 SiteSafetyEvaluationForm 36

5.7 SiteSafetyBriefingTemplate 38

5.8 StandardOperatingProcedures 39

5.9 JobSafetyAnalysis 40

5.10SafetyReportForm 44

5.11WindChillChart 45

5.12HazardousComponentsofPetroleumProducts 46

5.13HeatDisorderInformation 47

5.14PermissibleNoiseExposure 48

5.15WorkingatHeights 48

5.16ManualHandling 49

TABLESTable1.1:RiskManagementTools 6

Table1-2:RiskMatrix 8

Table2-1:Airmonitoringcontacts 18

Table3-1:MinimumStandardPPE 19

Table3-2:PPESelectionMatrixbyResponseActivity 20

Table5-1:RelativePotentialHealthConcernforComponentsofPetroleumProducts 46

FIGURES Figure1:TheRiskManagementProcess 7

Figure2:HierarchyofHazardControl 9

Figure3:SafetyPlanCoreDocuments(Recommended) 11

Figure4:TheTakeFiveProcess 13

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LIST OF ACRONYMSALARP AsLowAsReasonablyPracticable

AMOSC AustralianMarineOilSpillCentre

CFA CountryFireAuthority

EPA EnvironmentalProtectionAgency

FWADC FixedWingAircraftDispersantContract

GRN GlobalResponseNetwork

HUET HelicopterUnderwaterEscapeTraining

HVAC Heating,VentilationandAirConditioning

IAP IncidentActionPlan

ICT InformationandCommunicationsTechnology

IMO InternationalMaritimeOrganisation

IMT Incident Management Team

IPIECA InternationalPetroleumIndustryEnvironmentalConservationAssociation

JHA JobHazardAnalysis

JSA JobSafetyAnalysis

MEPC MarineEnvironmentProtectionCommittee

MFB MetropolitanFireBrigade

O&G OilandGas

OSRL OilSpillResponseLtd

OWR OiledWildlifeResponse

PPE PersonalProtectiveEquipment

RA RiskAssessment

RMP RiskManagementProcess

SDS SafetyDataSheet

SMEACS Situation,Mission,Execution,Administration,Communication,Safety

SOP Standard Operating Procedure

TBOSIET TropicalBasicOffshoreSafetyInduction&EmergencyTraining

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INTRODUCTIONAimTheaimofthisdocumentistooutlineastandardised,operationallyfocusedmethodundertheNationalPlanforMaritimeEnvironmentalEmergenciestominimisehealthandsafetyriskstooilspillresponders.

ScopeThisGuidancerelatesspecificallytooil(hydrocarbon)spills.OrganisationsinvolvedinOilSpillResponseIncidentManagementandOperationalResponseTeamsshouldusethisdocumentasaguidetodevelopa responsespecificsafetyplan,ensuring that there isacommonapproach tominimising thehealthandsafetyriskstopersonnelperformingtheirroleasoilspillresponders.HealthandsafetyrelatingtoHazardousandNoxiousSubstancesareexcludedfromthescopeandwillbeaddressedinaseparatedocument.

AudienceOil Spill Response IncidentManagement andOperational ResponseTeams responding throughoutAustralia, including all State and Commonwealth jurisdictions and within the Australian marineenvironment. In theevent thatwhileworkingunder aControlAgency that doesnot alreadyhaveawell-developedHSEsysteminplacetocoveramarineoilspilleventresponsethisguidancemaybeadopted.

StructureThispaperisbrokendownintothreemainsections:

1. Hazardidentificationandriskassessment,2. Applicationofriskmanagement,and3. Personalprotectiveequipmentrequirementsforoilspillresponders.

Sections1and2provideanIncidentManagementTeam(IMT)informationontheprocess,templates,tools,anddatatouseduringaresponse,withsection3providingPPErecommendationsbasedonoilspillresponseactivity.

Review processThisdocumentshouldbereviewedonanannualbasistoensurethatitremainsuptodateandrelevant.

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1 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT

Theprimaryobjectiveofthisdocumentistoensurethehealthandsafetyofallpersonnelinvolvedinamarineoilspillresponse.

ThehazardidentificationandriskassessmenttoolsandproceduresoutlinedbelowprovideguidancetoassisttheIMTandin-fieldresponderstominimisethehealthandsafetyriskstoallpersonnelinvolvedinrespondingtoamarineoilspill.

Theproceduresandtoolsprovidedwillallowfortheidentificationofhazardsandassociatedrisks,andifusedcorrectly,ensurethatcorrectiveorpreventativeactionsaretakentoreducetherisksassociatedwithrespondingtoamarineoilspillto‘AsLowAsReasonablyPracticable’(ALARP).

Theobjectivesofthehazardidentificationandriskassessmentproceduresoutlinedinclude:

1. Ensurecompliancewithrelevantworkplacehealthandsafetylegislation.

I. Outlinethelegislativerequirements,

II. DefineworkplacehealthandsafetyintermsofProcessandPersonalSafety,and

III. Outlinewelfareconsiderationsforresponders

2. OutlinetheRiskManagementProcess,whichincludesto:

I. IdentifytheHazard

II. AssesstheRisk

III. ApplyHazardControls

IV. AcceptorReject

V. MonitorandReview

3. Definetheuseofthetoolsandprocessesproposed.Theseinclude:

I. HierarchyofHazardControl

II. Hazard Register

III. SafetyPlanChecklist

IV. SiteEvaluationForm

V. SiteSafetyBriefingTemplate

VI. StandardOperatingProcedures

VII.JobSafetyAnalysis

VIII.TakeFive

IX. SafetyReportForm

X. PPERegister

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1.1 Mandatory Workplace Health and Safety Requirements

1.1.1 Legislative ArrangementsInAustralia,employersandemployeesmustmeetobligationsoutlinedwithintheactsandregulationsrelevant to each state or territory.Safe Work Australia and their jurisdictional counter parts have aresponsibilitytoenforcethelegislationgoverningtheselaws.

Intheeventofamajormarineoilspillresponse,respondersareinvolvedatalllevels:fromtheloading,transportation,anddeliveryofequipmentfromoilspillresponseequipmentstockpilesthroughoutAustralia,to deploymentsandoperations inmultiple locationsandenvironments.The term ‘responder’ includesanyonetakingpartintheresponseinanycapacity,asprofessionalspillresponsepersonnel,governmentemployees,contractors,sub-contractors,labourhireworkers,andvolunteers.Oilspillresponseactivitiesincludethepotentialforexposuretohydrocarbonsandchemicaldispersantduringclean-upoperationsandresponders,aswellastheiremployers,haveadutyofcaretoensurethatallreasonableandpracticalstepsaretakentoprotectthehealthandsafetyofresponsepersonnelandthegeneralpublic.

Arangeoflegalrequirementsmustbemet,including(Commonwealth):

Safetyrelated:• Work Health and Safety Act 2011• Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011

Environment/PetroleumActivityrelated:• Offshore Petroleum Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006,and• Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

Shipsandaircraftrelated:• Australian Maritime Safety Authority Act 1990 and• Protection of the Sea (Prevention of Pollution from Ships) Act 1983• Civil Aviation Act 1988.

Similarlegislativeinstrumentsexistwithineachjurisdiction.

Inrecognisingtheselegislativemandates,responseoperationsmustbeundertakensafely,consistentwiththerelevantcodesofpractice,compliancecodesandAS/NZstandardsapplicabletoeachstateorterritory.

IntheabsenceofAS/NZstandards,orwheretheoutcomeisthesameorgreater,internationalprocessesorpracticesmaybeapplied.Examplesofthisinclude:

• ThemandatoryuseofSafeWorkStatements,alsoknownasJobSafetyAnalyses(JSAs)andStandardOperatingProcedures(SOPs)foralloperations.

• Activitiesmustberiskassessedbeforeimplementation,withappropriatelycompetentpersonnelundertakingalloperations.

• Vesselsandaircraftmustbecorrectlyregisteredandfitforpurpose.Auditable,safeworksystemsconsistentwiththeirregistrationrequirementsmustbeinplace.Otherancillarycertificationandassurance(suchasforliftingequipment,hydrauliclinesorengines)mustbepartofthisregistration.

1.1.2 Workplace Health and Safety Workplacehealthandsafetyincludestherequirementofemployerstoprovide:• Safeworkpremises,• Safemachineryandmaterials,• Safesystemsofwork,• Information,instruction,trainingandsupervision,• Asuitableworkingenvironment,and• ProvisionofsuitablePPEwherehazardscannotbeotherwisebereducedtoALARP

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Process Safetyincludesthephysicalandproceduralelementsprovidedtomanagethesafecompletionoftasksduringaspillresponse.Processsafetyelementsinclude:• Specialistequipment• Operating procedures• Safeoperatinglimits(Temperature,exposurelimits)• Oilspillresponsetraining• Management systems

ProcessSafetyistheapplicationofthesephysicalandproceduralbarrierstoreducethelikelihoodofanegativepersonalsafetyoutcome.ForanexampleofProcessSafetyseeAppendix5.1.Organisationsprovidingpersonnelforoilspillresponseoperationsmustensurethatthoseengagedtooperateplantandequipmentarequalifiedand/orcompetenttodoso.

Personal Safety refers to the actions and behaviours of personnel in theworkplace. Protection ofpersonnelfrominjuryorharmrequiresmanagementoftheworkplacetoensuretheabsenceofphysicalharmorthreatofphysicalharm,andfreedomfromhostility,aggression,andharassment.Toolsavailabletoassistwithmanagementofbehavioursinclude:• Safetybriefings• Pre-start meetings• JSA• SafetyReportForms• PPE

Personalsafetyisgovernedbyworkforcebehaviourandoutcomesfromunsafebehaviourscanleadtonegativepersonalsafetyoutcomes,orpotentiallythedamageofassetsand/ortheenvironment.

1.1.3 Responder welfareSafetyofresponsepersonnelandthegeneralpublicisthehighestprioritywithinanyoilspillresponse.Allresponsepersonnelmustunderstandthattheirsafety,thesafetyofotherrespondersandthatofthecommunityisparamount.Consequently,allpersonnelengagedinoilspillresponseactivitiesmustbeinformedoftherisksintheirareaofactivityandhowtoperformtaskssafely.Developmentofadetailedresponse Safety Plan, incorporating the use of theRiskManagement Process and using the toolsprovided,willensure thatan IncidentManagementTeambestmanageworkplacehealthandsafetywithinanoilspillresponse.

ResponderwelfareistheprimaryfocusoftheRiskManagementProcessandatitsconclusionPPEwillonlyberecommendedasafinalcontrolmeasuretominimisepotentialharmtoresponders.RespondersmayfaceawiderangeofweatherconditionsandsituationswithinAustraliaandtheRiskManagementProcessmustaddressthefollowing:

• Environmental:istheareasafeforresponderstoenter,andtousenonintrinsicallysafeequipment?

• Environmental:arerespondersprotectedfromextremesofheatandcold,sun,wind,andrain?

• Acclimatisation:importantforrespondersfromfarnorthernorfarsouthernregionsofAustraliawhenrespondinginunfamiliarextremesoftemperature(Heatorcold).

• Communications:suitableequipmentforremoteregionsisvitaltorespondersafetyinremoteregionsofAustralia.

Controlmeasuresrequiredtoensurethesafetyofallpersonnelduringamarineoilspillresponse,aswellasanyspecialistequipmentorclothing,shouldbeidentifiedduringtheriskassessmentprocesscarriedoutpriortorespondersbeingsentintothefieldofoperations.Continuousmonitoringoftheoperatingenvironment,andtheeffectivenessofriskbarriersandcontrolsarecriticaltoensuringthroughouttheentire operation.

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1.2 Risk Management ProcessTheRiskManagementProcessisapplicabletoalllevelsofoilspillresponse.TheIMTconducthighlevelriskassessment,whileForwardOperatingBase(FOB)personnelandrespondersinthefieldwillapplyasimilarprocesstooperationsatalocallevel.Acomprehensivehazardanalysisandriskassessmentwillidentifyandoutlinetherequirementsofpersonalandprocesssafetynecessaryforimplementationprior to any activity.

Whenahazardhasbeenidentifiedandtheriskdetermined,hazardcontrolmeasuresareconsideredbeforethenre-assessingtherisk.Ifhazardcontrolmeasuresreducetheoriginalrisktoanacceptablelevel(ALARP)thenworkmayproceed.IndividualstepsoftheRiskManagementProcessareshowninFigure1.

RiskManagementToolsareprovided toassist trainedpersonnel to identify,document,assess,andmanageriskastheyprogressthroughtheRiskManagementProcess.Theseinclude:

Table 1.1: Risk Management Tools

Tool Definition Details

HierarchyofHazardControl

Asystemofprioritisingcontrolmeasurestoensurethatthemosteffectivecontrolsareappliedfirst.Usedwithin“ApplyHazardControls”duringtheRiskManagementProcess.

Sect 1.2.3

SafetyPlan Theoverallwrittenplanidentifyingthescopeofactivitiesandlocations,safetypriorities,healthmonitoringactivities,fielddocumentationtobeusedbyresponders,communicationdetails,andotherrelevantsafetyrelatedinformation.

Appendix5.5

SiteSafetyEvaluationForm Formusedtoidentifyanddocumentallpotentialhazardsparticulartoalocation.Usedonarrivalatanyneworunfamiliarresponselocation.

Appendix5.6

SiteSafetyBriefingTemplate

Formusedtoassistasitemanagerorteamleaderdeliverabriefingtopersonnel.ShouldbeusedinconjunctionwiththeSiteSafetyEvaluationFormtodeliveraSMEACSbasedbriefuponarrivalatanyneworunfamiliarresponselocation.

Appendix5.7

Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

Areferencedocumentoutliningthespecificstepsinvolvedinsafelycompletingaparticularroutineactivityorfortheuseofaspecificitemofequipment.AnSOPcanbeusedasarefresherforpersonnelpreviouslyfamiliarwiththetask,oritcanbeusedinconjunctionwithaJobSafetyAnalysistotrainnewpersonneloncorrectproceduresforconductingaspecificactivityoroperatinganitemofequipmentthatisnewtothem.AnSOPcanbeorformpartofa‘SafeWorkStatement’.

Appendix5.8

JobSafetyAnalysis(JSA) Astandardisedformusedtoassistwithjobhazardidentificationandtheimplementationofriskcontrolmeasures.Conductedwithallpersonnelinvolvedintheactivitypriortocarryingoutaneworunfamiliaractivity,orwhentherearechangestoaStandardOperatingProcedure.AJSAcanbeorformpartofa‘SafeWorkStatement’.

Sect2.5

exampleAppendix5.9

TakeFive Afivestepproceduretodynamicallyassessrisk(dealingwithriskasitpresentsitself).Usedbyin-fieldresponsepersonnelatanytimewhentheappropriateconditionsaremet.

Sect2.6

SafetyReportForm AstandardisedsafetyrelatedfeedbackformusedforthenotificationanddocumentationofIncidents,NearMisses,Hazards,Drills,Initiatives,andObservations.UsedbyfieldpersonneltodocumentandrelaysafetyeventsandinformationbacktotheIMT,andforIMTsafetypersonneltorecordandfollowuponrelevantaspectsofthereport.

Appendix5.10

PPERegister AllowstrackingofthePPEissuedtoindividuals,vessels,and/orstorageandsupplylocations.Itfurtherallowscosttrackingandtheabilitytomonitoravailabilityorusageinspecificareasofaspill.

Sect2.7

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TheRiskManagementProcessitselffitsintotheoverallincidentSafetyPlan,whichisintegraltotheoverallIAP.

Figure 1: The Risk Management Process

Risk Management

Process Safety Plan Incident

Ac8on Plan

1. Iden8fy thehazard

2. Assess the risk

3. Applyhazardcontrols

4. Accept orreject

residual risk

5. Monitor &review

1.2.1 Step One: Identify the hazardTheinitialstep intheRiskManagementProcess isto identifyhazards, includinganythingthatcouldcauseharmordamagetopersonnel,property,theenvironment,orreputation.Howeverthefocusofthispaperisparticulartothehealthandsafetyofoilspillresponsepersonnel.

Oil spill respondersaregenerally providedbyboth industryandgovernment and includepersonnelwithwidelyvaryinglevelsofpracticalexperienceandknowledge.Minimumstandardlevelsoftrainingensure that responders are equipped to identify hazards prior to and during a response, using thetoolsandprocessesincludedinthisdocument.TrainingthatmeetsthisminimumneedisdemonstratedinAppendix5.2.Personnel respondingthatcomefrombackgroundswheresuchtraininghasnotbeavailable(e.g.volunteers)musteitherbetrainedpriortoparticipationoroperateunderstrictsupervision.

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OilSpillRespondersfacehazardsthatcanbeattributedtoanumberofspecificareas:

• WorkingintheEnvironment• VehiclesandMovements• VesselOperations• Aircraft Operations• DeployingandOperatingEquipment• ContactwithOilandResponseChemicals• Wildlife• ExternalFactors(suchasweatherandsea-state)

AHazardRegister (Example:Appendix 5.3) isa list ofall potential hazards related toa locationordeploymentarea,includingtheuseofspecificequipmentorrelatedtospecifictasks.

Responders must develop a hazard register specific to the operation and the geographic area.

1.2.2 Step Two: Assess the riskAtwodimensionalRiskMatrix(Table2)adaptedfromISO31000:2009providesasystematicapproachtoriskassessment.

RISK = LIKELIHOOD x CONSEQUENCE

• Likelihoodisthefrequencyorprobabilitythataneventwilloccur.• Consequenceswillvarywithrespecttotheindividualspill,company,orlocationandmustnotbe

limitedtothepersonalinjuryriskassociatedonlywithresponders.

AsinTable1-2below,bothfactorscanbeattributedanumericvaluetoprovideaquantitativeanalysisofrisk.

A complete risk assessment will involve listing all potential hazards related to the location, item ofequipment,andactivity,andassessingtheriskbeforeandaftertheapplicationofhazardcontrols.

For each hazard identified in the hazard assessment, responders must assess the level of risk for that hazard.

Table 1-2: Risk Matrix(Adapted from ISO 31000:2009)

RISK MATRIX

E = Extreme Risk. Detailed action plan required to manage risk before progressing CONSEQUENCE

H = High Risk. Needs immediate senior management attention

Peo

ple

Injuries or ailments not requiring medical treatment

Minor injuries or First Aid treatment

Serious injury causing hospitalisation or multiple medical treatment cases

Life threatening injury or multiple serious injuries causing hospitalisation

Death or multiple life threatening injuries M = Medium Risk. Specify management

responsibility L = Low Risk. Manage through routine

procedures Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Catastrophic

LIK

ELI

HO

OD

Probability Historical 1 2 3 4 5

> 1 in 10 Expected to occur in most circumstances

Almost Certain 5 M H H E E

1 in 10 – 100

Will probably occur Likely 4 M M H H E

1 in 100 – 1,000

Might occur at some time in the future

Possible 3 L M M H E

1 in 1000 – 10,000

Could occur but doubtful Unlikely 2 L M M H H

1 in 10,000 – 100,000

May occur but only in exceptional circumstance

Rare 1 L L M M H

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1.2.3 Step Three: Apply hazard controlsHazardcontrolsincludeanythingthatreducestheassociatedriskforaparticularhazard.Toprovideasystematicapproachtothisprocess,hazardcontrolmeasuresareappliedusingtheHierarchyofHazardControl.Hierarchy of Hazard Control is awidely accepted system applied tominimise or eliminateexposuretohazardsbyassistingintheprioritisationofhazardcontrolmeasures,helpingtoensurethatthemosteffectivehazardcontrolisapplied.

Figure 2: Hierarchy of Hazard Control (From NIOSH)

AsperFigure2above,inorderofmosteffectivetoleasteffectivemeansofreducingrisk:

1) Elimination:physicallyremovethehazardorchangethelocationorconditionsofthetasktoremovethehazard(Liftaskimmeroutofthewatertoremovedebris,ratherthanoperatewithpersonnelhangingoverthesideofavesseltoremove)

2) Substitution:replacesomethingthatproducesahazardwithanitemthatdoesnot(Weldboomreelstothedeckofavesselratherthanusechains)

3) Engineering controls:Usemachineryorotheritemstoisolatepeoplefromthehazard(Useremotelycontrolledequipment,usemechanicalliftinggearratherthanmanualhandling)

4) Administrative controls:ThesecantaketheformofbothProcessSafety(SOPs)andPersonalSafety(In-fieldsafetybriefings,JSA)tohighlighthazardsandlimitexposure

5) Personal Protective Equipment:Thefinalbarriertorisk,usedonlywhenallotherreasonableandpracticaloptionshavebeenconsidered.SomePPEmayaddtothephysiologicaleffortrequiredtocompleteatask(e.g.theuseofTyvekcoverallsinhot,humidconditions).

Theriskmanagementprocessandsubsequentdecisionsonwhichhazardcontrolsareapplicableandmosteffectiveshouldbeginpriortoanyworkbeingcarriedoutandbeforepersonnelarrivetorespondatanewlocation.

The application of Hierarchy of Hazard Control must be specific to each hazard to reduce the level of risk to As Low As Reasonably Practicable.

Process Safety

Personal Safety

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1.2.4 Step Four: Accept or reject residual risk Oncetheriskmitigationhasbeenapplied,adecisionmustbemadeastowhetherthereducedlevelofriskisacceptableornot.Ifahazardpresentsanunacceptablyhighlevelofriskevenafterallreasonableandpracticaleffortshavebeenputinplace,thentheactivitymustnotbecarriedout.Newoptionsorcontrolsshouldbeexploredtoevaluateiftheactivitycanbedone,thatcarryanacceptablelevelofrisk.

Theremaybesomeactivitiesthatregardlessofthecontrolmeasureappliedwillstillcarryahighlevelofrisk.Fortheseactivitiesmanagementwillneedtodecidetorejectoraccepttheresidualrisk.Theseactivitiesmayincludethefollowing:

• Aviationactivities;especiallythoseoffshoreand/orthosethatinvolvesingleengineaircraft.• Marineoperations;especiallythoseinhigh-energyenvironmentsandwithinexperiencedmariners.• Remoteoperations,suchasshorelinesurveysawayfrompopulationcenters,requiringremote

communications(EG–GreatAustralianBight,EastGippsland,NW–Shelf)and/orinextremeweatherenvironments.

After the control for each hazard has been identified, that hazard must be re-assessed to determine whether the residual risk is now at an acceptable level.

1.2.5 Step Five: Monitor and review Safetyisanongoingprocess.Astheoperationschangewithnewormodifiedelementsintroducedtoanexistingactivity,thehazardmaychange.Conditionscanchange,whichmayincreaseordecreaselikelihood,orchangetheconsequences. Thecontrols thathavebeenput inplace tomanage initialhazardsmaybecomelesseffectiveornoteffectiveatall.Giventhedynamicnatureofoilspillresponse,safetyandtheriskmanagementprocessmustincludeongoingmonitoringandreviewtoensurethatrisksareappropriatelymanagedtoALARP.

Therearetwowaysforthistooccur–standardised operations reporting,andby-exception reporting.

Standardised operations reporting is part of the daily operations process. At the end of eachoperationalcycleorworkdayade-briefwillbeheld intheIMT.This isto includefieldreportswhichincludeasummaryofthesafetyandriskmanagementprocess,andinparticularanoverviewofwhathazardswerepresent,andhowtheseweremanaged.

Tactical,teambaseddebriefsshouldfeedintothislargerIMTdebrieftoallowforcontinuousimprovementtotheSafetyPlan.

By-exception reportingareitemsraisedbyrespondersinspecificcircumstancesandrequiretheuseoftheSafetyReportForm(Appendix5.10).

By-exceptionreportingistoinclude:

• Incidentreporting(whenaninjury/deathoccurs)

• Near-miss(whenanactivityoccurredthatcouldhaveresultedininjury/death)

• Hazardreporting(identificationofanewhazardnotpreviouslyconsidered)

• Safetyinitiative(respondersproactivelynotingimprovementsthatcanbemadetopersonnelorprocesssafety–hazardscontrolimprovements)

By-exception reportingmust be collatedandprocessedby the IMTeachday.SafetyReports allowincidentstobecommunicatedtoallpersonnel,highlightingthepotentialforsimilarincidentsacrosstheresponseandpotentiallyreducingthelikelihoodofanotheroccurrence.ThisstepmustbeincludedintheSafetyPlanbytheIMT(Section 2.1).

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2. APPLICATION OF RISK MANAGEMENTTheRiskManagementProcessisincorporatedintoanoverallSafetyPlanfortheresponse.TheSafetyPlanisanintegralpartoftheIncidentActionPlanandkeytoensuringthehealthandsafetyofalloilspillresponsepersonnel.ThekeytoasaferesponseisthoroughapplicationoftheRiskManagementProcessandtranslatingtheoutcomesintodocumentedactionattheoperationalandtacticallevelsasapartoftheoverallSafetyPlan.

RiskManagement

Process

IncidentActionPlan

SafetyPlan

2.1 The Safety PlanSafetyofallpersonnelisparamountinanyresponse.IntegraltotheIAP,theIMTmustbegindevelopmentoftheSafetyPlanattheoutsetofaresponse.Alevelofdetailappropriatetothesizeoftheresponseandcontinuousinteraction/feedbackonsafetyrelatedissuesbetweentheIMTandin-fieldpersonnelwillensurethecontinuedeffectivenessoftheSafetyPlan.ThegeneralobjectivesoftheSafetyPlaninclude:• Todevelopasafeworkingenvironmentandculturewithintheresponse.• Zerosafetyincidentsduringtheresponse.• Assignmentofrolesandresponsibilitiesfortheimplementationofsafetyprocessandproceduresat

alllocations.• Identifycurrentandpotentialsafetyissues.• Establishandensurethatsafeworkpracticesandproceduresarefollowed.• Establishnearmiss/incidentreportingandmitigationprocess.• Ensurethatonlyadequatelytrainedandcompetentpersonnelparticipateinresponseoperations.• EstablishaclearPPEpolicywhichensuresthatappropriatePPE,specifictoeachtask,iscorrectly

applied,maintained,anddisposedof.• EstablishedlinesofcommunicationbetweenIMT,FOB,andin-fieldoperations.• ContinuousintegrationofthesafetymessageswithintheIAPandcommunicatedthrough

inductionsandwritten/verbalbriefingstooperationalpersonnel.Safety personnel representation will be required within the IMT, at each FOB established, and atpotentiallymultiplelocationsinthefieldofoperations.UsedinconjunctionwiththegeneralobjectivesofasafetyplanandtheSafetyPlanCoreDocumentation,theSafetyPlanChecklist(Appendix5.4)willassistinestablishingacomprehensiveSafetyPlan(TemplateexampleincludedinAppendix5.5).

Figure 3: Safety Plan Core Documents (Recommended)

Safety Plan core documents

Operationalteamsafetybriefing/instructions

Incident Reports

Log of actions

Riskassessment

Hazard Register

Scope of activities

Fromrisk management process

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2.2 Incident Management Team (IMT)AsaresponsedevelopsandtheIMTisformed,theRiskManagementProcessistobeinitiatedasacriticalcomponentoftheIAPandaninitialstepinthecreationoftheSafetyPlan.AwelldesignedIAPwillnotonlyincludetheaim,objectives,tacticsandresourcesrequiredforthespill,butalsotheriskstothehealthandsafetyofresponders,andtheactionstominimisethoserisks.ThiselementoftheIAPistheResponseSafetyPlan.AMedicalPlanshouldalsobeincludedtakingintoaccountanyadditionalworkplacehealthandsafetyissues.

The IMTbegins theRiskManagementProcess before responders are assigned tasks or sent to alocation.Workplace hazards and hazards specific to the region of response can be identified, andsuitable hazard controls assessed as appropriate, and made available/implemented (Equipment,documentation,andPPE).TheFiveStepRiskManagementProcessdiscussedpreviously formsanintegralpartoftheprocessofdeveloping,implementing,reviewingandrevisingaresponseSafetyPlan.

2.3 In-fieldRespondersResponders in thefieldhavea responsibility for theirownsafetyand thesafetyof their coworkers.Theyareresponsibleforcontinuingtheriskmanagementprocessandusingthetoolsprovidedattheappropriatetime.SiteSafetyRepresentatives,SiteManagers,orteamleaders,asdesignatedbytheIMTpriortodeployment,must:• ConductaSiteSafetyEvaluation(Appendix 5.6)uponarrivalateachnewsite,• ConductaSiteSafetyBriefing(Appendix 5.7)forallpersonnelpriortobeginninganyworkonsite,• Revieworconductindividualactivityevaluationswiththepersonnelinvolvedpriortobeginning

assignedtasks: – StandardOperatingProcedures(SOP)[Refer to Section 2.4] – JobSafetyAnalysis(JSA)[Refer to Section 2.5]Allpersonnelinvolvedintheresponsearealsorequiredto:• ApplyTakeFive[Refer to 2.6] • Communicateissues,report‘by-exceptionissues’oradditionalsafetyrequirementsbacktothe

(IMT)throughtheSiteManagerorSiteSafetyRepresentative.

2.4 Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)ASOPisastepbystepsetofinstructionsdesignedtoensurethatroutinetasksarecarriedoutefficiently,safely,andinauniformmanner.Theyareusedbyresponderstoconsistentlyoperateequipment,orundertakemanualprocesses.

Thesemayincludematerialsuchasthemanufacturersoperatingmanualforaspecificitemofequipment,orpurposewrittendocumentsforcompletionofataskaccordingtobusinessorindustryrequirements.

NewpersonnelunfamiliarwiththeSOP,operationofaparticularitemofequipment,thetaskathand,orinanunfamiliarlocation,mustcompleteaJSApriortobeginningatask.AlloilspillresponseequipmentshouldhaveanaccompanyingSOPtoassistwithsafeoperations.

2.5 Job Safety Analysis (JSA)AJSA(Example: Appendix 5.9)isatoolthatrespondersaretousetoconsiderthemostappropriatemethodforsafecompletionoftasksin-field.Respondersconductasurveyofallthepotentialhazardsassociated with the task (Job HazardAnalysis), and then conduct an onsite risk assessment. ThecompletedJSAincludesthecontrolsintroducedtominimisetheidentifiedrisks.

JHA + RA = JSA[Job Hazard Analysis + Risk Assessment = Job Safety Analysis]

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ConductingaJSAdoesnotoffercompleteprotectiontopersonnelbutitisdesignedtoraiseawarenessofthehazardsinvolvedincompletinganon-routinetask,ortohighlighthazardstopersonnelreturningtoanunfamiliaractivity.AJSAmustbecompletedforanyactivitynotcoveredbyStandardOperatingProcedures.TheJSAprocessmustbedocumented,andconsistsofthefollowingessentialsteps:

1)Documentthestepsortasksinvolvedintheactivity2)Documentrolesandresponsibilities3) Identifythehazards4)Documentthecontrolmeasures5) Identifywhoisresponsibleforimplementationofthecontrolmeasures6)Monitorandreview

TheJSA isawritten recordof theprocess required tosafelycompleteagiven task,and itmustbecompleted,agreedto,andsignedbyallpersonnelinvolvedintheactivity.

2.6 Take FiveRespondersinthefieldhaveahighpotentialtoencounterhazardsnotconsideredorapparentpriortobeginninganactivityortask.Thecontinuousprocessofidentifyinghazards,assessingrisk,andtakingstepstocontrol,eliminateorreduceriskwhilecarryingoutadefinedtaskisidentifiedasDynamicRiskAssessment.

AcommonlyadoptedDynamicRiskAssessmentprocedureistheTakeFive(Figure 5),whichcanbeconductedatanytime,duringanyoperation,andbecalledbyanymemberofateamwhen:

• Anewhazardpresentsitself• Clarificationisrequiredonanystepinaprocess• Newinformationneedstoberelayedtotheentireteam,or• Ateamleaderwantstoregrouporrefocustheeffortsofateamtosafelycompletethetask

TheTakeFiveprocessstepssummariseDynamicRiskAssessmentandallowworktoproceedsafely.TakeFivesarenotdocumentedbutareanimportantprocessthatsupportsthecontinueddevelopmentofSOPsandJSAs.IfaTakeFiveidentifiesasignificanthazardnotpreviouslyconsidered,orfollowstheidentificationofahazardduetoanearmissorobservation,aSafetyReportForm(Appendix 5.10) shouldbecompleted.

Figure 4: The Take Five Process

Page14of23


2.7 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) RegisterAregisterofPPEissuedinthefieldmustbemaintainedbysafetypersonnelordesignatedpersonnelwithintheIMTorin-field.Itshoulddocument:

• Nameofpersonissued• DetailsofPPEissued(Item/brand/model/application)• Dateofissue• Dateandreasonforreplacement

Anexchangesystemwhichrequiresresponderstohand inusedPPEbeforenewstocksare issuedshouldbeimplementedtoreduceandcontrolwaste.DuecaremustbetakentoensurethatoiledPPEisdisposedofindesignatedfacilities,withwastesegregationthatavoidssecondaryoilcontamination.

2.8 Ongoing welfare arrangements WithintheSafetyPlanthefollowingadditionalitemsspecificallyrelatedtothehealthandsafetyoffieldrespondersneedtobeconsideredbytheIMT.

2.8.1 AmenitiesProvisionofthefollowingamenitiesandfacilitiesiscriticalforthebasichealthandsafetyofrespondersandarrangementsmustbeputinplacebytheIMTtoensuretheyareavailable.

TheIMTistousethislistasanaidememoirwhenestablishingamenities,particularlyataremotefacility.

Drinkingwater–volumesappropriateforworkingconditions.Facilitiesforwaste/usedbottlesortheprovisionofreusablebottlesandappropriatewashingandrefillingfacilities.

Medicalsupportavailable.

Musterpoints,evacuationproceduresinplaceforemergencies.

Accessandegressfromresponselocationincludingdistancesandtransportconsidered.

Toilets–sufficientfornumbersofpeoplelikelytobeusingthefacilitiesduringshortrest/lunchbreaks.Closeenoughtoworkareasin‘coldzones’butalsoeasilyaccessiblebysewersucktrucksandservicerequirements.Odor/sounds/proximitytootherresponseareas.

Washingfacilities–volumesoffreshwatersufficientfornumberofresponders.Storageofgreywater.

Messareas/facilities–numbersofrespondersusingfacilityatanyonetime.HVACifenclosed,naturalairflow/heatifopenandexposed.Protectionfrompests.

Shelter–asabove.

Seating–sufficientfornumberslikelytouseatanyonetime.Proximitytoresponseareas.

Changerooms–aspermessareas.Securityandprotectionfromthieves.Appropriatesizeandproximitytooperationalareas.

Smokingareas–proximitytooperationalareasforaccess.Waste.Avoidanceofsecondhandsmokebeinganissueorneareatingareas.

Overnightaccommodation/lodgings–comfortandcleanlinessofbeds/bedding.Laundryservices.ICTandabilitytocontacthome/work.HVACofenclosedarea,naturalairflow/heatifopenandexposed.Protectionfrompests.Securityofpersonalbelongings.Opportunityfor‘downtime’andafterhoursrecreationalactivities(E.g.pools,gym,etc).Choicesofcatering/messingarrangements.

Forremoteoperations,logisticssupplyoftheneedsabovecanbeverychallenging.Longerresttimes/shorterworkperiods,higherthan‘normal’rotationsofrespondersmayassisttoalleviatethenumbersandrequirementsforextensiveremotefacilities.

Page15of23


2.8.2 Fitness for task of responders In order to meet the minimum level of competency expected to operate as an oil spill responder,responsepersonnelmusthavecompletedsuitableoilspillresponsetraining(Appendix 5.2),andmustbephysicallyandmentallysuitableforthespecifictasksrequiredofthemthroughouttheresponse.

Responders must:• Beingoodoverallhealthandphysicallyfit,assessedbytheiremployingorganisationasbeing

suitableand‘fit-for-purpose’fortheirassignedoperationaltasking.Thisincludesbutisnotlimitedto:– Operationsstaffworkingonashorelineorconductingoiledwildliferesponsemustbecapableof

working6–8hourshiftsintheoutdoors,ontheirfeet,wearingankletowristcovering,undertakinglight/mediumphysicallabor,foruptosevendays.

– RespondersundertakingaerialobservationtasksmustbehavecompletedHelicopterUnderwaterEscapeTraining(HUET)eitherindependentlyorasapartoftheBasicOffshoreSafetyInduction&EmergencyTraining(BOSIET).

– IMTworkersundertakingpredominantly‘officetypeduties’mustbecapableofworkingindoorsfortenhourshiftsatatime,withinahighpressureenvironment.

• Carrynophysicalimpairmentsordisabilitieswhichmayresultinthemplacingthemselves,ortheirteamatriskofharm.

• Havegoodhearingandvision,andagoodworkingknowledgeofwrittenandspokenEnglish.• Declarethattheycarrynopre-existingconditionsthatmaybeaggravated/exacerbatedbythetask

beingaskedofthem.• Declareanymedicationthatiscurrentlybeingtakenthatmayimpactupontheirperformance,

awareness or state of mind.

Prior to deployment,andasspecificallyconsideredwithintheIMT’sSafetyPlan,ahealthassessmentdeclarationmustbemadetoensurethatrespondersmeettheaboverequirements.Thisistoincludeaself-assessmentbytheresponderandthattheiremployingorganisationendorsesthisassessment.Providingorganisationshavearoletoplaywithinthisprocessbyensuringthatpersonnelprovidedarefitfordutyandforthetaskassigned.

Wherepre-existingmedicalconditionsexist,orwherearesponderiscarryinganinjury,medicaladvicemustbesoughtandcertificationprovidedoutliningwhattasksthatresponderisfitfordutyfor.Wherepossible,assignedtaskscanbemodifiedaccordinglyorpersonnelreassignedbasedonallowancesfortheirmedicalcondition.

Personalmedicalinformationisconfidential,andmustbesecurelykeptbytherecordsunitoftheIMTand/orbytheprovidingorganisation.

2.8.3 First aid requirementsFirst aid treatment, facilities and staffingwill always be identified as one of the Hazard Controlmeasuresmadeavailableduringanoilspillresponse.Theonlyvariationtothisisthatthescaleandsizeofthefirstaidcapabilityneedstobeadjustedbasedonthesizeoftheresponse.

Whenworking through the implementationoffirstaidasahazardcontrol in thefield, the IMTmustconsiderthat:• Fitforpurposeequipmentisprovidedandthateachworkerhasaccesstosuitablefirstaidkits– E.g.InAustraliaduringspringandsummermonths,shorelineteamsmusthaveaccesstofirstaid

snakebitekits.• Facilitiesfortheadministrationoffirstaidaresuitableandaccessible.– E.g.Firstaidstationsarecollocatedwithotherresponsefacilitiessuchasmessroomsorreststations.• Respondershaveaccesstoanadequatenumberofotherpersonnelwhoaresuitablytrainedto

administerfirstaid– E.g.Eachresponderteamhasatleasttwocurrent,firstaidtrainedteammemberscapableof

administeringcareofanappropriatelevelandinatimelyfashion,whileback-uphelpisonitsway.

Page16of23


In-fieldfirstaidrequirementswillvary,andrequirementsaretobeconsideredandaddressedduringtheriskassessment.FactorsthattheIMTmustconsiderwhenscalingupordownthefirstaidcapacitymustbeaddressedduringtheRiskManagementProcessandinclude:• Natureofhazardsexpected• Natureoftheworkbeingcarriedout• Thesize,locationandnatureoftheworkenvironment• Thetimeofyear• ThenumberofrespondersShouldaresponderencounteranyincidentduringtheresponse,arecordmustbecreatedusingtheSafetyReportFormandmaintainedbytheIMT.Detailsmustinclude:• Informationonthehazardsource,typeandduration,• Firstaidorothermedicalactivitieswereadministeredtotheresponder,• Ifpossiblea‘response’returntoworkprogram,and• A‘businessasusual’returntoworkprogram.

2.8.4 Responder Health and Safety Monitoring Operational responders are likely to come into closeproximity to hydrocarbonsand for large spills,possiblychemicaldispersantsorothercleaningagents.Partofaresponsesafetyplanistoensurethatanyexposurelevelsofresponderstohydrocarbonsordispersantsaretracked;changesinindividualsnotedandthenpostimpactmonitoringofexposedindividualscontinued.

Aspartofthedailyoperational and by-exception reportingbacktotheIMT,recordsaretobekeptofresponderstasksandthelikelyexposuresrespondershavehadtoproductsandchemicalsduringthesetasks.Aspartoftheirdailytimesheetreporting,respondersmustnotetheirareaofoperationstoallowthisreconciliationtooccurwithintheFinance&AdministrationSectionoftheIMT.

Responderhealthandsafetymonitoringwill includepre-impact,duringresponse,andpostresponseblood,hairandurinesampling.Thisshouldbeimplementedaspartofthesafetyplanandshouldalsoincludesimilartestingoftheproductsthatrespondersarepotentiallyexposedto.Thisbiologicalandproductsamplingprogramisthesubjectofaseparatepaper.

2.8.5 DecontaminationDecontaminationofrespondersisacriticalpartofensuring(i)thatoilsdonothavealastingeffectonthehealthofaresponderand(ii)thatsecondarydecontaminationofpeople,sitesandequipmentdoesnot occur.

Thestartingpointofdecontamination isgoodworkpractices.Thismeansminimisinga responder’sexposuretooils,andtheiropportunitytophysicallycomeintocontactwithoils.

A barrier must always existbetweenaresponderandtheoil.Thisiscriticalduringmanuallaborworkthatinvolvesdeployingequipment,onshorelinesorthedisposalofwaste.Workgloves,faceshields/masks/eyewear,wristtoankleworkwearandoilresistantworkboots/gumbootsarethefinalandcriticalprotectivebarrierinthisinstance.

Hot, warm and cold zonesInaresponse,worksitesareclassifiedintooneofthreeareas;• “Hot”zonesareworksitesthatare“oiled”.• “Warm”zonesaretransitionareaswherepeople,equipmentandplantarecleanedand

decontaminatedastheydepartthe“Hot”zoneandtransitiontothe“Cold”zone.• “Cold”zonesarecleanareaswithnooiling.Asrespondersfinishtheirtasksinthehotzone,theymovethroughthewarmzonetobecomecleanbeforeexitingintothecoldzone.Thedecontaminationprocessisundertakeneachtimeapersonoritemofequipmentistransitionedfromthehotzonetopreventsecondarycontaminationofthecoldzone.

Page17of23


Decontamination requirements Thedecontaminationstationmustallowforresponders,theirequipmentandclothingtobethoroughlycleanedpriortoenteringthecoldzone.Irrespectiveofthesizeofthespill,decontaminationstationswillneedtobeestablishedwithinthewarmzone(s).

Thismaybeassimpleasahandbasin,bootwashingareaandoiled/non-oiledPPEbins.Or,itmaybeamulti-stepwashdownstationwithdelugesystem,heatedpressuredspraysystem,withlargescalegrey/oiledwatertanks.Thesizewillneedtobevariedtofitthespillresponse,andthestagethatthespillresponseisat.

Indeterminingthedecontaminationneed,theIMTwillneedtoidentify:• Howmanyrespondersperdaywillneedtousethedecontaminationstation?• Whatwilltheirdegreeofoilingbe–light,mediumorheavy?• Perperson,whatwilltheaveragelitersofwaterrequiredbeper‘decontamination’?Whatisthe

bulkvolumeofwaterrequired?• Howwillcleanandgrey/oiledwaterbestored?Howwillitbedisposed?• WhatisthetotaldailyvolumeofoiledPPE/clothing?Howwillthisbestoredonsite?Howisthis

wastestreamtobedisposedof?• Wherewillthedecontaminationstationbelocated?

Oncethestationshavebeensetup,aprocessneedstobeestablishedwithineachstationtomanagethreesteps:

1. Bulkoilremoval• Includingtheremovalofoiledouterclothing/gloves;washingandscrubbingboots;

2. Fineoilremoval• Includinghand/face/nailwashingwithsoftsoap;showeringifneeded;

3. Finalcleanandinspection.

Separatewastestreamsmustbeestablishedconsistentwiththevolumes/numbersofpersonnelusingeachdecontaminationstation.

CommonequipmentforeachdecontaminationstationthattheIMTwillneedtoconsiderincludes:• Watersupply• Scrubbingbrushes• Chairs• Bunting/barriertape• AdditionalPPE• Barriers• Detergent• HandWash• Tools• Tables• Sorbentmaterials• Tubs/buckets• Marqueeortents• Wastestorageanddisposal(Multiplestreams)• Bunding/heavydutytarpsforwashareas• Signage• Tent pegs• Rope• Electricalties• Tape

Page18of23


2.8.6 Air Monitoring and Exclusion ZonesTheneedforairmonitoringwillbeestablishedaspartoftheSafetyPlanand,ifrequired,willbepartoftheIAP.Assessingtheneedforairmonitoringwillbeidentifiedintheinitialriskassessmentinconjunctionwithforminganunderstandingofthenatureandconditionoftheproductrespondersareexpectedtodealwith.SpecificproductinformationwillbeobtainedfromSafetyDataSheets(SDS),assays,vesselrecords,oroilandgasindustrypersonnel.

Hydrocarbons, particularly freshly spilt oil, contain a number of components that can be hazardoustohumanhealth.Wherecomponentsofparticularconcern(Appendix 5.12)arenoted, the IMTmustensurethatspecialisedpersonnelarecalledintoassist.Guidanceonsafeworkinglimits,aneffectiveairmonitoringprogram,andtheestablishmentofexclusionzonestominimisetherisktorespondersofairbornesubstancesduringaresponsemustbesoughtfromaqualifiedoccupationalhygienistorairmonitoringconsultant.

AnypotentialneedforairmonitoringshouldprompttheIMTtoissuepersonalgasmonitorsorensurethatmoresophisticatedgastestingequipmentismadeavailable.Appropriatelytrainedpersonnelwhocandeployandoperatesuitableairmonitoringequipmentcanbeengagedthroughexperiencedpersonnelfromtheoilandgas industry, industrial/occupationalhygienists,or throughtheEPA(Table 2-2).Theenvironment inquestion shouldbeassessed,at theminimum, forhigh/low readingsof combustiblegases(%LEL),oxygen(O2),carbonmonoxide(CO),andhydrogensulphide(H2S).

Onceengaged,personnelresponsibleforthedesignandimplementationoftheplanmustreportsensorreadingsorfieldgasteststhatregisterabovesafelimitstotheIMT.Thisinformationalsoneedstoberelayedtoin-fieldresponderstodefineareastoavoidandtoestablishsafeoperationalworkingareas.

Respondersmust be directed to approach the spill fromdownwindwhere possible via shoreline oronboard vessels.Airmonitoring equipment should be used to establish safe perimeter prior to anyoperations.Personal4x4(%LEL,O2,CO,H2S)gasmonitorsshouldbeissuedtorespondersworkinginareasorsituationsthatmaybeatriskshouldenvironmental(Windchange)orotherconditions(Confinedspaceentry)resultinchangestotheairquality.

In conjunctionwith airmonitoring personnel the IMT should set exclusion zones around any areaswithhighreadingsandprohibitrespondersfromenteringthezone(s).Respondersarenotrequiredtocleanup/recoveroilfromanyareaswhichpresentanunacceptableriskfromairbornesubstances.Theuseofintrinsicallysafeequipmentshouldnotbenecessarygiventhatiftheairqualityissufficientlypoorthenpersonnelwillnotbeexpectedtorespond.

Table 2-1: Air monitoring contacts

Service Provider Contact

EnvironmentalProtectionAgency EPA

IndustrialHygienist Localhealthandsafetyproviders

IndustryPersonnel O&GSafetyRepresentatives

EmergencyResponsePersonnel FireServices

OilSpillResponseAgencies AMOSC

Page19of23


3. PPE REQUIREMENTS FOR OIL SPILL RESPONDERS

AnoilspillrespondershouldinitiallyarriveforaresponseequippedwiththefollowingminimumstandardlevelofPPE:

Table 3-1: Minimum Standard PPE

Eyes SafetyGlasses(clearortinted)

Body Longsleeveshirtandlongpants,orcoveralls

HandWorkgloves• Riggers• Nitrile

Feet Enclosedfootwear

Theminimumstandardissuitableforgeneraloperationsonly.AsmitigationforspecifichazardsinoilspillresponseadditionalPPEwillberequiredandisdetailedinTable3-2.

IngeneralPPEshould:

• BethefinalbarrierconsideredonlyafterHierarchyofControlhasbeenappliedtoanyhazard• Bewellmaintainedandeasilyaccessible• Beappropriateforthetypeofworkandgiveappropriateprotectionfortherisk• Notcreateadditionalhealthorsafetyrisk• ComplywithrelevantAustralianStandards• BecompatiblewithotherPPEinuse• Fitproperly• Notinterferewithanymedicalconditionsoftheuser• Beeasytouse• Becomfortable

In the following PPESelectionMatrix theminimum recommended level of PPE is applicable to allactivities.ThematrixindicatesadditionalPPErequiredasaminimumrelativetospecificoilspillresponseactivities,andrecommendationsforfurtheradditionalPPEthatshouldbemadeavailableintheeventthatcircumstancesorconditionswarrantitsuse.

=MinimumStandardPPE,requiredasaminimumbyalloilspill respondersforgeneraloilspill responseactivities(SeeTable3-1:MinimumStandardPPE,above)

=AdditionalPPEforhazardspecificcontrol

=Recommendedormayberequired,dependingoncircumstance,asanadditionalhazardcontrol

Forcategories/activitieswithdifferentlikelihoodsofexposurebetweenhydrocarbonanddispersant,thehigherstandardofPPEisapplied.

Page20of23


Tabl

e 3-

2: P

PE S

elec

tion

Mat

rix b

y R

espo

nse

Act

ivity

ActivityID

Category/H

azard

All

Eyes

Hea

dBody

Hands & Arms

Feet&Legs

Res

pira

tory

Other

StandardPPE

Goggles

Facemask/FaceShield

Sunhat

Hardhat

TyvekCoveralls

WetWeatherGear

ChemicalResistantGloves/Gauntlets

ChemicalResistant SafetyBoots

Steel-cappedPenetrationResistantSafetyBoots

Waders

HalfFaceAPR

FullFaceAPR

FullFaceSAR

SCBA

Hearing Protection

SunBlock

InsectRepellant

PFD

PersonalGasMonitor

FallArrest

1. W

orki

ng in

the

Envi

ronm

ent

1aCold(ReferA

ppen

dix 5

.11)

1bH

eat (

Ref

er A

ppen

dix 5

.13)

1cW

et

1dW

ind

1eLightning

1fSlips/Trips/Falls

1gNoise(R

eferA

ppen

dix 5

.14)

1hWorkingAtH

eight(ReferA

ppen

dix 5

.15)

1iManualH

andling(ReferA

ppen

dix 5

.16)

1jPinchPoints

1kSharps/D

ebris

1lFallingObjects/HeadImpact

1mNightOperations/LimitedVisibility

1nExcessiveHours/Fatigue

1oFlora/Fauna–TropicalN

orthernRegion

1pFlora/Fauna–SouthernCoast

Page 21 of 23

National Plan Guidance on: Marine Oil Spill Response Health and Safety – Reference: NP-GUI-026ActivityID

Category/H

azard

All

Eyes

Hea

dBody

Hands& Arms

Feet&Legs

Res

pira

tory

Other

StandardPPE

Goggles

Facemask/FaceShield

Sunhat

Hardhat

TyvekCoveralls

WetWeatherGear


ChemicalResistantSafetyBoots


Waders

HalfFaceAPR

FullFaceAPR

FullFaceSAR

SCBA

Hearing Protection

SunBlock

InsectRepellant

PFD

PersonalGasMonitor

FallArrest

2.VehiclesandMovem

ents

2aCraneOperations

2bForkliftO

perations

2cFasteningLoads

2dLiftingandManualH

andling

2eGeneralDriving

2fOffroad/UTV

Driving

2gDrivingoutsidenormalhours

2hP

edes

trian

Act

ivity

3.VesselO

perations

3aCollision/G

rounding

3bFire

3cPersonOverboard

3dVesseltoVesselTransfer

3e

StoredEnergy

• M

oorin

gs•Tow/AnchorLines

•HandingLinesbetweenvesselandshore

•TowingBoom

Page 22 of 23


ActivityID

Category/H

azard

All

Eyes

Hea

dBody

Hands & Arms

Feet&Legs

Res

pira

tory

Other

StandardPPE

Goggles

Facemask/FaceShield

Sunhat

Hardhat

TyvekCoveralls

WetWeatherGear




Waders

HalfFaceAPR

FullFaceAPR

FullFaceSAR

SCBA

Hearing Protection

SunBlock

InsectRepellant

PFD

PersonalGasMonitor

FallArrest

4.AircraftOperations

4aRotatingEquipment

4bHeat(Exhaust)

4cAirSickness

4dEmergencyLanding/C

rash

5.DeployingandOperatingEquipment

5a

Booms

•NearS

hore

•Offshore

StoredEnergy

•Ropes/Lines

•Boom

•AnchorP

oints

5b

Skimmers/P

owerPacks/Pum

ps

Moving/R

otatingEquipment

StoredHydraulicPressure

5d

Managing/R

etrievingOiledEquipment

Inge

stio

n

Inhalation

SkinContact

Page 23 of 23

National Plan Guidance on: Marine Oil Spill Response Health and Safety – Reference: NP-GUI-026ActivityID

Category/H

azard

All

Eyes

Hea

dBody

Hands & Arms

Feet&Legs

Res

pira

tory

Other

StandardPPE

Goggles

Facemask/FaceShield

Sunhat

Hardhat

TyvekCoveralls

WetWeatherGear




Waders

HalfFaceAPR

FullFaceAPR

FullFaceSAR

SCBA

Hearing Protection

SunBlock

InsectRepellant

PFD

PersonalGasMonitor

FallArrest

6.ContactwithOilandResponseChemicals

6a

DispersantO

perations

• S

pray

Sys

tem

s •

VesselMountedSystems

• A

ircra

ft S

pray

Sys

tem

sIn

gest

ion

Inhalation

SkinContact

6bShorelineCleanUp

Raking,Shoveling,Bagging

6c

Was

te M

anag

emen

tIn

gest

ion

Inhalation

SkinContact

6dConductInSituBurn

SmokePlume

Fire/Explosion

7.ExternalFactors

7aOiledWildlifeResponse

Stings,B

ites

Poi

son

Page24of23


4. REFERENCES1) PersonalProtectiveEquipmentforOilSpillResponders

APIRecommendedPractice98 FirstEdition,August2013

2) OilSpillResponderHealthandSafety IPIECAOGP OGPReportNumber480,December2012

3) DraftGuidanceonthesafeoperationofoilpollutioncombatingequipment IMOMarineEnvironmentProtectionCommittee,67thSession,AgendaItem12 MEPC67/12/2,30thJune2014

4) AustralianEmergencyManagementHandbookSeries–Handbook1,DisasterHealth AustralianEmergencyManagementInstitute CommonwealthofAustralia2011

5) UsingRiskBasedDecisionMakingtoSelectPersonalProtectiveEquipmentforOilSpillResponders 2014InternationalOilSpillConferencepaper Abstract300237

6) ChemicalHumanHealthHazardsAssociatedwithOilSpillResponse RegulatoryAnalysisandScientificAffairs APIPublicationNumber4689 August2001

7) NationalStandardforOccupationalNoise [NOHSC:1007(2000)] NationalOccupationalHealthandSafetyCommission 2ndEdition,Canberra,July2000

8) WorkSafeVictoriawebsite http://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/

9) AustralianGovernmentBusiness https://www.business.gov.au/info/run/workplace-health-and-safety/whs-oh-and-s-acts-regulations-and-codes-of-practice

10) NationalPlanForMaritimeEnvironmentalEmergencies,Aide-memoireforMarinePollutionResponse AustralianMaritimeSafetyAuthority,Version2.0,March2016

http://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/

https://www.business.gov.au/info/run/workplace-health-and-safety/whs-oh-and-s-acts-regulations-and-codes-of-practice

https://www.business.gov.au/info/run/workplace-health-and-safety/whs-oh-and-s-acts-regulations-and-codes-of-practice

Page25of23


5. APPENDICES5.1 Case Study: Exercise Westwind deck crane hydraulic failureDuringanoffshoreoil recoveryskimmerdeployment involving theuseofaHiab (Crane)onboardavessel,theHiabsufferedahydraulicfailurewhileattemptingtorecovertheskimmerbackontothedeckofthevessel.Operationswereshutdownuntilapre-start/toolboxmeetingandaJSAhadbeencarriedoutonceanalternativemethodofrecoveringtheskimmer(Utilisingasecondvessel)wasdetermined.

The exact reason for the hydraulic failure was not established, however the incident prompteda systematic investigation intoall ancillary equipment on vessels likely to beusedduring thewiderresponse.Inspectionswerecarriedoutandinfieldrespondersweretaskedtoensure:

• Theweightrating,liftingcapacity,andconditionofallliftingequipmentonboardcontractedvesselswasfitforpurpose

• Thatallliftingequipmentaboardvesselswasfitforpurpose• Thatallequipmentandvesselsconformedtotherequiredmaritimeequipmentinspection

procedures

TheuseoftheHiabisanexampleoftheapplicationofProcess Safety using Substitution.Thetaskofliftingtheskimmerinandoutofthewateriscarriedoutbythehiabasasubstitutefortheuseofmanualliftingtechniquesthatposehigherrisktoresponders.

TheprocessofinstigatingtheongoinginspectionsisanAdministrativeexampleofProcess Safety,whereinspectionsandassessmentofequipmentareusedtoensurethatequipmentisinspected,fitforpurpose,andthattheriskoffailureisreducedtoaslowasisreasonablypracticable.

Page26of23


5.2 Oil Spill Responder Training StandardsGovernmentPersonnel TrainingAustralianStateandTerritorypersonnel AMSAcompetency-basedtrainingcoursesundertheNationalPlan

andintergovernmentalarrangements.

OnlineIntroductiontoPollutionResponse,throughtheAMSALearningCentre,consistsoffourmodules:• TheNationalPlan• HealthandSafetyinanOilSpill• IntroductiontoOilSpills• IntroductiontoChemicalSpills

TheonlinelearningcomponentmustbecompletedpriortoattendingAMSANationalPlancourses:• CORETraining

– IncidentManagementTeam(IMT)– BasicEquipmentOperations

• SPECIALISTTraining– IncidentController– Planning– Operations– Logistics

• OPERATIONALTraining– BasicEquipmentOperators– AdvancedEquipmentOperators– ShorelineResponse

GovernmentContractors

Industry Personnel Training

AMOSCCoreGroup

CompletionofanAMOSCcourse,accreditedbytheNauticalInstitutetotheInternationalMaritimeOrganisation(IMO)standards:• IMOI,Operations• IMOII,Management• IMOIII,IncidentCommand

+AMOSCCoreGroupSpecialisedTrainingWorkshop

AMOSCParticipatingMemberandAssociatedMembercompanypersonnel

AMOSCIMOaccreditedcompetencybasedcourses:• IMOI,Operations• IMOII,Management• IMOIII,IncidentCommand

AMOSCNonAccreditedCourses• Offshore/NearshoreOperations• AerialSurveillance• ShorelineOperations• BespokeCourses

MarinePersonnelContractors

GlobalResponseNetworkPersonnel OSRL/GRNAccreditedandNonAccreditedCourses

Page27of23


ACTIVITY HAZARD RISKS CONTROLSGeneral Weather–Heat • Sunburn • Limitexposure

– Shelter– Regularbreaks– Adjustshifts

• PPE-Protectiveclothing/Hat/Sunscreen• Dehydration • Maintainfluids

• Regularbreaks• Acclimatisepersonnel

• HeatRash(PricklyHeat) • LimitExposure– Regularbreaksincoolenvironment– Minimiseworkinhumidenvironment

whileusingclothingthattrapsmoisture• Washskinthoroughly• Applymedicatedlotions/powder

• HeatCramps• HeatExhaustion• HeatStroke

• LimitExposure– Shelter– Regularbreaksincoolenvironment– Adjustshifts

• MaintainFluids• Acclimatisepersonnel• PPE-Protectiveclothing/Hat/Sunscreen

Weather- Cold

• Hypothermia • Limitexposure– Shelter– Regularbreaks

• ProtectiveclothingWeather–Strong Wind

• Impactfromdebris/objects• Debrisineyes• Equipmentdamage

• Securelooseitems• PPE(Safetyglasses)

Weather-Lightning

• Electrocution• Personalinjury/death

• Limitexposure– Shutdownworkiflightningisobserved

within5km(Stopwatchorsecondcountdividedby5givesapproximatedistanceinkm.25secondsisapprox.5km)

– Avoidconductors/tallobjects– Avoidopenareas– Crouchlowwithheelstogether

Slip,Trip,Falls • Personalinjury • Goodhousekeeping– Clearwalkways– Secureequipment– Minimiseclutter– Cleanspills

• Applynonslipmaterials• Situationalawareness• PPE

5.3 Hazard RegisterAcomprehensiveHazardRegisterwillincludeeverypotentialhazardthatoilspillrespondersmayfaceatanytimeduringtheresponse.TheexamplethatfollowscanbeusedbyanIncidentManagementTeamasthebasisforbeginningtheRiskManagementProcessduringaresponse.

5.3.1 Hazard Register: Onshore - General

Page28of23


ACTIVITY HAZARD RISKS CONTROLSGeneral Workingat

height• Personalinjury/death • Restrict access

– Barriers/tape– Guardrails– Nogozones

• Maintainsituationalawareness• Team communication• PPE–fallarrest/harness

ManualHandling

• Personalinjury • Correctliftingtechniques• Teamliftforheavierorawkwarditems• Goodcommunicationduringteamlift• PPE–Gloves/SafetyBoots

Pinchpoints • Personalinjury • Avoidbights/pinchpoints• Maintainsituationalawareness• PPE-Gloves

Sharps/debris • Personalinjury • Prejobinspectionofarea/equipment• Effectiveobservationwhileoperating• Effectiveteamcommunication• PPE–Gloves/Safetyboots

Noise • Personalinjury • Limitexposure• Effectivecommunicationplan• PPE–HearingProtection

Nightoperations– Poorvisibility– Fatigue

• Personalinjury• Equipmentdamage

• Adequatelighting• Avoidnightoperations

Fire • PersonalinjuryDeath • Beinformedofmediawarnings• Complywithwarningssignsandfirebans

Flood • PersonalinjuryDeath • Beinformedofmediawarnings• Complywithwarningssignsandtravel

bans• Donotenterfloodwaters

PortableElectricalEquipment

• PersonalinjuryDeath • Trained/competentoperator• Equipmentmustbetaggedindateandin

good condition• Complywithmanufacturer

recommendations and SOP• Protectleads• Useresidualcurrentprotectiondevices

ExtendedHours/fatigue

• PersonalinjuryDeath • Regulatedshifts• Sufficientresourcestoavoidunnecessary

demands on responders• Avoidirregularworkpatterns• Adequaterestperiods• Jobrotation

Page29of23


5.3.2 Hazard Register: Vehicles, Vessels, Aircraft, and Movements

ACTIVITY HAZARD RISKS CONTROLSVehicleMovements

Driving– General– Offroad– Outsidenormalhours

• Crash• Fatigue• Boggedinremote

areas• Lost

• Operatormusthaveappropriatelicence• Vehiclemustberegistered,ingood

condition,andfitforpurpose• Complywithroadregulations• Drivetoroad/environmentalconditions• Plantrip• Driverfittowork

Pedestrian movements

• Crush/impact• Personalinjury

• Establishsafezonesandbarriers• Separatevehiclesandpedestrians• Use spotters• Limit access• PPE–Highvisibilityclothing

Loading VehiclesandVessels

Forkliftoperations • Crash• Personalinjury

• Operatormusthaveappropriatelicence• Vehiclemustberegisteredforroaduseif

usedonpublicroadareas• Vehiclemustbeingoodcondition,andfit

for purpose• Complywithroadregulations• Drivetoroad/environmentalconditions• Planliftsandmovements• Driverfittowork• Useaspotterwhereappropriate

Craneoperations • Droppedobjects• Crush/personalinjury• Impact/damageto

equipment• Impact/damageto

vessel

• Operatormusthaveappropriatelicence• Usequalifiedrigger/dogmanforall

movements• Loadstovesselsmustbeunderguidance

ofvesselmaster• Cranemustbeingoodcondition,andfitfor

purpose• Planliftsandmovements• Driverfittowork• Establishedsafe/nogozones

Fasteningloads • Personalinjury

• Significantinjuryofthirdparty

• Damagetoequipment

• Competentpersonneltoconduct• Load assessment

ManualHandling • Personalinjury • Correctliftingtechniques• Teamliftforheavierorawkwarditems• Goodcommunicationduringteamlift

VesselOperations - General

Generalvesseloperations– Launching– Retrieval– Operation

• Personalinjury• Death• Damagetovesselor

equipment

• Vesseltobeinsurvey• Vesselandsafetyequipmenttobefitfor

purpose and in good condition• VesselmastertobeCoxswainqualifiedas

minimum• Maritimeregulationstobeobservedatall

times• Mastertoprovidesafetybriefingtoall

oncomingcrew/personnel• PPE–PersonalFlotationDevice(PFD)

Page30of23


ACTIVITY HAZARD RISKS CONTROLSVesselOperations - General

Collision/grounding

• Personalinjury• Significantinjuryof

thirdparty• Damagetoequipment• Death

• Maritimeregulationstobeobservedatalltimes

• Operate to conditions• Utilisechartsand/orlocalknowledgeto

avoidknownhazards• Operateatlowspeedsnearfixed

structures• Maintainsafedistancebetweenvesseland

fixedstructuresorothervesselsFire • Personalinjury

• Damagetoequipment• Death

• Firefightingequipmenttobeavailableanddiscussedduringsafetybriefing

• Competenttrainedpersonnelonlytorespond

• POBtomusterasdirectedPersonoverboard • Personalinjury

• Death• Rescue/recoveryequipmenttobeavailable

anddiscussedduringsafetybriefing• Effectiveteamcommunications• MaintainvisualonPOBatalltimes• PPE-PFD

Vesseltovesseltransfer

• Personoverboard• Crush/impactinjury• Death

• Vesselmastertocontroloperationalsafety• Competenttrainedpersonneltosupervise• Usesafezonesonly• Raftvessels• PPE-PFD

Stored energy– Moorings– Tow/anchorlines

– Handinglinesbetweenvesselandshore

– Towingboom

• Personalinjury• Personoverboard• Death

• Vesselmastertocontroloperationalsafety• Stayclearofbight• Stayclearofsnapbackzones• Goodhousekeeping

– ClearDecks– NeatLines

• Effectiveteamcommunication

Workingaround aircraft

Rotating equipment

• Personalinjury • Situationalawareness• Trainedpersonnel

Heat(Exhaust) • Personalinjury • Situationalawareness• Trainedpersonnel• PPE

Airsickness • Personalinjury • MedicationEmergencylanding/crash

• Personalinjury• Death

• Trainedpersonnel• PPE-PFD

Page 31 of 23


5.3.3 HazardRegister:HazardsSpecifictoOilSpillResponseDeployingand retrieving nearshoreoroffshoreboom

Stored energy–Ropes/lines–Boom–Anchorpoints

• Personalinjury • Avoidstandinginthebight• Avoidcrossinglinesoftension• Maintainsituationalawareness• Effectiveteamcommunication• Usebarriersandnogozones

Operating Equipment– Skimmers– Powerpacks– Pumps

Moving/Rotatingequipment

• Personalinjury • Trainedpersonneltooperate• Designatedoperatortomaintaincontrolof

equipmentatalltimes• Situationalawareness/teamwork• Limitexposure –Barriers/nogozones• PPE–gloves/safetyglasses/protectiveclothing

Storedhydraulicpressure

• Personalinjury• Environmental

impact

• Trainedpersonneltooperate• Designatedoperatortomaintaincontrolof

equipmentatalltimes• Controlledpressurerelease

– Usehydraulicunloadersorsafemethodtorelievepressurisedhosespriortoconnection

– Releasehydraulicpressureinequipmentpriortodisconnectionofhoses

• PPE–safetyglasses/gloves• Sorbentmaterials/ragsforoildischarge

Operating Equipment– Dispersant

Spray Systems

• Chemicalspray

• Slipperydeck/equipment

• Personalinjury– Slip/trip/fall– Ingestion– Eyeirritation– Skinirritation

• Trainedpersonneltooperate• Avoidexposuretosprayplume

– Spraydownwind– Usebarrierstorestrictaccesstoaffectedareas

• Housekeeping–clean/flushdeckandequipment• PPE–protectiveclothing/safetyglasses/gloves

/respiratormaskInsituburning SmokePlume • PersonalInjury

– Ingestion– Skinexposure

• LimitExposure– FollowProcedures– Observeweather/wind

• PPE-RespiratorFire • Personalinjury

• Damagetoequipment

• Death

• Firefightingequipmenttobeavailableanddiscussedduringsafetybriefing

• LimitExposure– Followprocedures– Observeweather/wind

• PPE–ProtectiveClothing• WorkinginOiledEnvironment

• WorkingwithOiledEquipment

• Waste Management

Contactwithoil • Skinirritation• Ingestion• Inhalation

• SuitableAir/WaterQualityMonitoringProgram• LimitExposure

– Timedshifts(Heatduringthedaymayincreasevaporlevels–workincoolconditionsearly)

– Observeweather/wind– ComplywithOccupationalExposureLimits

• PPE– ProtectiveClothing– Gloves– Respirators

WorkingwithOiledWildlife

• Bites• Stings

• Personalinjury• Anaphylaxis• Death

• Vigilance/situationalawareness• Appropriatefirstaidkit• Trainedpersonneltoperform• Protectiveclothingandgloves

Page 32 of 23


5.3.4 Hazard Register: Australian Regional HazardsREGION HAZARD RISKS CONTROLSFarNorthofAustralia

Crocodiles • Personalinjury• Death

• Vigilancenearshorelinesandwaterways• Avoidenteringthewater• Observessafetywarningsigns

TropicalJellyfish– Boxjellyfish– Irukandji


• Vigilancenearshorelinesandwaterways• Avoidenteringthewater• Protectiveclothingandgloves

Mosquitoes • Denguefever• RossRiverVirus

• Protectiveclothing• Repellant

Stonefish/Coneshell


• Vigilancenearshorelinesandwaterways• Avoidenteringthewater• Protectivefootwear,clothing,andgloves

Australiawide • Snakes• Spiders

• Personalinjury• Death

• Protectiveclothingandfootwear

Sharks • Personalinjury• Death

• Vigilanceinoffshoreareas• Avoidenteringthewater

Page 33 of 23


5.4 Safety Plan ChecklistICC FOB Field

Record keeping– Maintainalogofactions– Prepareshifthandoverdocuments– Providewrittenrecordsofbriefingsdelivered– DetailsonselectedhazardcontrolsSafetyBriefingstoprovideallrelevantsafetyinformationtoin-fieldoperationalpersonnelAmedicalplanandemergencyfirstaidproceduresAnemergencycontactlistforin-fieldresponders– SafetyandHealth– Wildlife– Indigenous Affairs– IncidentControlCentre– Logistics– OperationsSafetyinformationspecifictothespilledproductAir monitoring considerationsPersonnel monitoring– Signin/Signout,orQRcodeIDtagtracking– Emergencycontactinformation– Medicalhistory/fitnessfortask– FatiguemanagementSafetyInformationspecifictoareasofoperation– FWADC– Helicopter/AerialObservation– DispersantApplication– ShorelineAssessment– ShorelineCleanup– ShorelineContainmentandRecovery– Offshore/NearshoreContainmentandRecovery– OiledWildlifeResponse– Nightoperations– Transportandvehicles– Decontamination– Waste managementSafetyinformationspecifictoregionallocations– Hazardouslocations(Rockyshorelines,islands,significanttidalmovement)– NorthernAustralia(Stingers,Crocodiles)– Affectedwildlife(Handling,disease)Safetyinformationspecifictoenvironmentalconditions– NorthernAustralia(Heat)– SouthernAustralia(Coldclimateexposure)Provision for continuous feedback to the IMT– Fieldreportingofpotentialhazards– Incident reporting– Investigation outcomes and recommended actions

Page34of23


5.5 Safety PlanICS 208 Safety Message/Plan

1. Incident Name: 2. Operational Period: Date From: Time From:

Date To: Time To:

3. Safety Message/Expanded Safety Message, Safety Plan, Site Safety Plan: Scope of Activities: Marine/vessel: Shoreline: Shoreline: Safety Priorities: Marine/vessel: Shoreline:: Other: Hazard Register: Risk Assessment: Monitoring: Decontamination: Site Map/location: Emergency procedures/contact details: . Communications: Hazard/Incident Reporting: Site Security: Attachments:

• Product Safety Data Sheet/s • Tactical Brief Template • Job Safety Analysis Template • Safety Plan Checklist • Safety Plan Core Document Chart • Site Safety Survey Template • Site Safety Brief Template

4. Site Safety Plan Required? Yes/no Approved Site Safety Plan(s) Located At: 5. Prepared by: Name: Position/Title: Signature: ICS 208 IAP Page _____ Date/Time:

Page35of23


ICS 208 Safety Message/PlanPurpose: TheSafetyMessage/Plan(ICS208)expandsontheSafetyMessageandSiteSafety

Plan.

Preparation: TheICS208isanoptionalformthatmaybeincludedandcompletedbytheSafetyOfficerfortheIncidentActionPlan(IAP).

Distribution: TheICS208,ifdeveloped,willbereproducedwiththeIAPandgiventoallrecipientsaspartoftheIAP.AllcompletedoriginalformsmustbegiventotheDocumentationUnit.

Notes:• TheICS208mayserve(optionally)aspartoftheIAP.• Useadditionalcopiesforcontinuationsheetsasneeded,andindicatepaginationasused.

BlockNumber BlockTitle Instructions

1 IncidentName Enterthenameassignedtotheincident.

2OperationalPeriod

DateandTimeFrom

DateandTimeTo

Enterthestartdate(month/day/year)andtime(usingthe24-hourclock)andenddateandtimefortheoperationalperiodtowhichtheformapplies.

3

Safety Message/Expanded Safety Message, Safety Plan, Site Safety Plan

Enterclear,concisestatementsforsafetymessage(s),priorities,andkeycommandemphasis/decisions/directions.Enterinformationsuchasknownsafetyhazardsandspecificprecautionstobeobservedduringthisoperationalperiod.Ifneeded,additionalsafetymessage(s)shouldbereferencedandattached.

4 Site Safety Plan Required?Yes No

Checkwhetherornotasitesafetyplanisrequiredforthisincident.

Approved Site Safety Plan(s) Located At

EnterwheretheapprovedSiteSafetyPlan(s)islocated.

5

PreparedbyNamePosition/TitleSignatureDate/Time

Enterthename,ICSposition,andsignatureofthepersonpreparingtheform.Enterdate(month/day/year)andtimeprepared(24-hourclock).

Page36of23


5.6 Site Safety Evaluation FormFrom IPIECA/OGP JIP – Oil Spill Responder Health and Safety

Page37of23


Page38of23


5.7 SiteSafetyBriefingTemplate

Page39of23


5.8 Standard Operating ProceduresStandardOperatingProceduresareavailableforallNatPlanequipment(AMOSC,AMSA,andMutualAid).Contactthesuppliertoacquireifunavailableviasupplierwebsites.

Page40of23


Task: Job Location:

Work Supervisor: SafetyOfficer:

First Aider: Emergency Radio/Contact #:

JSA Reviewed By: Date Prepared:

ITEM NUMBER WORK ACTIVITY HAZARD RISK CONTROL PERSONS

RESPONSIBLE

Break the job down into steps

What could harm someone?

What can be done to make the job safe?

Who will make sure it happens?

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.9 Job Safety Analysis

Page41of23


JOB

SA

FETY

AN

ALY

SIS

– TA

SK H

AZA

RD

ASS

ESSM

ENT

FOR

M (N

on R

egul

ar W

orks

ite)

ThistableistobeusedbyAMOSCpersonnel,C

oreGroupandtrainingparticipantsinanunfamiliarworksiteenvironm

ent.ThislistingofHazardsandControls

canassisttheworkgrouptomanagehazardsfortheproposedwork.Thetabledoesnotincludeallpossiblehazards.

ItisanexpectationthatrequiredPPEfortheactivityandworkconditionswillbeused.

Poor

ligh

ting

or

visi

bilit

yFa

lling

or

Dro

pped

O

bjec

ts

Port

able

El

ectr

ical

Eq

uipm

ent

Rad

iatio

n H

azar

dEq

uipm

ent a

nd

Tool

sH

igh

Ener

gy o

r H

igh

Volta

geEx

cava

tions

Was

te C

lean

-up

and

Dis

posa

lCon

finedSpace

• P

rovi

de

alternate

lighting

• W

ait o

r def

er

untilvisibility

impr

oves

•Nowork

over

wat

er

thatcould

requirerescue

(includingsea

stat

e

• U

se s

igns

and

barriersto

rest

rict e

ntry

or

acc

ess

underw

orkat

elevation

•Uselifting

equipm

entto

raisetoolstoor

fromthework

platform

•Securetools

(tie-

off)

• In

spec

t equipm

ent

for c

ondi

tion

and

test

dat

e cu

rren

cy

•Implem

ent

cont

inuo

us g

as

test

ing

• P

rote

ct

electricalleads

from

impa

ct o

r da

mag

e

•Usebarriers

and

sign

s to

re

stric

t acc

ess

•Notify

personnel

whomaybe

affe

cted

•Implem

ent

NORM

Naturally

Occ

urrin

g R

adio

activ

e Material)

controls

•ConductRAD

(Rad

iatio

n Absorbed

Dose)testing

• In

spec

t equipm

entand

tools

•Nouseof

modifiedtools

• U

se p

rote

ctiv

e gu

ards

• U

se c

orre

ct

toolsand

equipm

entfor

task

• P

rote

ct o

r removesharp

edge

s

• R

estri

ct a

cces

s toauthorised

personnelonly

•Discharge

equipm

ent

andmake

electrically

dead

•Observesafe

dist

ance

s fo

r livecables

•Useflashburn

PPEsuit

•Useinsulated

gloves,tools

and

mat

s

• H

ave

an

excavationplan

orsafework

prac

tice

• Lo

cate

un

derg

roun

d pipesorcables

byhand

digg

ing

•De-energize

unde

rgro

und

serv

ices

•Implem

ent

confinedspace

entrycontrols

•Apply

environm

ental

man

agem

ent

prac

tices

•Follow

site

was

te

man

agem

ent

proc

edur

es

•Cleanup

equipm

entand

materialsat

site

•Optimisetask

to m

inim

ise

was

te

prod

uctio

n

•Discuss

confinedspace

entrysafework

prac

tice

• M

onito

r acc

ess

or e

ntry

• P

rote

ct

surfa

ces

from

in

adve

rtent

co

ntac

t

•Donotlocate

mobileengines

nearconfined

spac

e

• P

rovi

de

observer

•Developrescue

plan

Page42of23


Oth

er E

nerg

y So

urce

sO

ther

Haz

ards

Emer

genc

y R

espo

nse

Mob

ile

Equi

pmen

tLi

fting

Eq

uipm

ent

Hig

h N

oise

Haz

ardo

us

Subs

tanc

eIg

nitio

n So

urce

sSi

mul

tane

ous

Ope

ratio

ns

(SIM

OPS

)•

Spr

ing

com

pres

sion

orexpansion

control

•Implem

ent

electromagnetic

(radio)controls

• M

anag

e pr

essu

re o

r va

cuum

•Manageheat

gene

ratin

g pr

oces

ses

• U

se s

eism

ic

activ

ity s

afe

workpractice

•Implem

ent

abrasive

blasting

controls(for

equipm

entand

prac

tices

)

• P

repa

re a

div

e plan

• M

anag

e potential

blockedor

plugged

equipm

ent

•MOC

(Man

agem

ent

ofChange)

requiredfor

tem

pora

ry

conn

ectio

ns o

r modifications

• K

eep

egre

ss

rout

e op

en

•Keepshow

er

and

eye

washstations

accessible

• H

ave

a re

scue

planinplace

• K

eep

emer

genc

y alarm,fire

equipm

ent,

andshutdown

locations

unobstructed

• A

cces

s equipm

ent

cond

ition

•Implem

ent

controlson

user

s or

ac

cess

• Li

mit

and

mon

itor

proximityto

liveequipm

ent

orcables

• M

anag

e overhead

hazards

•Adheretoroad

andsiterules

•Confirmlifting

equipm

ent

cond

ition

and

certification

• H

ave

a do

cum

ente

d an

d ap

prov

ed

liftplan

• W

ear c

orre

ct

hearingPPE

• M

anag

e exposuretimes

•Shutdow

nequipm

ent

•Use“quiet”

tools

•Soundbarriers

or c

urta

ins

• P

rovi

de o

r usesuitable

com

mun

icat

ion

techniques

•Drainorpurge

equipm

ent

•FollowMSDS

controls

•Implem

ent

healthhazards

controls(Lead,

Asbestos,H2S

,IronSulphide,

Sulphur

Dioxide,

NORM–

Naturally

Occ

urrin

g R

adio

activ

e Material)

•Testoranalyse

material

•Rem

ove,

isolateor

cont

ain

combustible

materials

• P

rovi

de

firefighting

equipm

ent

•Construct

afire-safe

habitat

•Provideafire

watchduring

andafterhot

work

•Conduct

cont

inuo

us g

as

test

ing

•Bondorearth

for s

tatic

electricity

orcathodic

prot

ectio

n

•MOCrequired

for d

evia

tion

from

SIM

OP

S

rest

rictio

ns

• In

terfa

ce

between

grou

ps

•Usebarriers

and

sign

s to

se

greg

ate

activ

ities

Page43of23


Job

Safe

ty A

naly

sis

JSA

Rea

d an

d Si

gned

by

ALL

par

ticip

ants

invo

lved

in a

ctiv

ity:

Prin

t Nam

eSi

gnPr

int N

ame

Sign

Page44of23


5.10 Safety Report Form

Page45of23


5.11 Wind Chill Chart

Page46of23


5.12 Hazardous Components of Petroleum ProductsIdentificationofpotentialhazardsarisingfrompetroleumproductswithwhichpersonnelmaycomeintocontact during a response.

Table 5-1: Relative Potential Health Concern for Components of Petroleum Products(Ref: Chemical Human Health Hazards Associated with Oil Spill Response: API 4689)

Ratingsarerelativetospecificconditionsandmayvaryconsiderably.Fordetailedinterpretationofthehazardsassociatedwithparticularproducts,exposurelimits,andsafeworkinglimitsinanygivenresponselocation,theservicesofqualifiedspecialistpersonnelmustbeengaged.

Component of Potential Concern

Product

Cru

de O

il

Gas

olin

e

Mid

dle

Dis

tilla

tes:

Ker

osen

e

Jet F

uel

Die

sel/H

eatin

g O

il

Hea

vy

Fuel

Oil

Asp

halt

Benzene X X

O O O O O

n-Hexane O O O O O

Hydrogen Sulphide X O O O O

Naphthalene O O O O

Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PNAs) X O O O O X

Tetraethyl/tetra methyl Lead (TEL/TML) O

O 1

2 O O O O O

Toluene O O O O

Total Hydrocarbons X O O

Trimethyl Benzene O O

X – Component of concern

– Component of low concern

O – Component of no concern 1 - TEL/TML ratings may be higher outside US 2 – Aviation Gasoline

Page47of23


5.13 Heat Disorder InformationAdditionalmonitoring forheatstresscanbeutilisedwhen identifiedasahazardcontrol through theRMP.HeatStressmonitorsareavailablehoweverapplicationofriskmanagementproceduresidentifiedintheSafetyPlanshouldbesuchthatrespondersarepreventedfromreachingthispoint.

Page48of23


5.14 Permissible Noise ExposureThenationalstandard forexposure tonoise in theoccupationalenvironment isaneight-hourequivalentcontinuousA-weightedsoundpressurelevel,LAeq,8h,of85dB(A).

Forpeaknoise,thenationalstandardisaC-weightedpeaksoundpressurelevel,LC,peak,of140dB(C).3.2.

The exposure to noise is taken to be thatmeasured at the employee’s ear positionwithout taking intoaccountanyprotection,whichmaybeaffordedbypersonalhearingprotectors.

IntheNationalStandardforOccupationalNoise[NOHSC:1007(2000)]:‘LAeq,8h‘(eight-hourequivalentcontinuousA-weightedsoundpressurelevelindB(A)referencedto20micropascals)meansthatsteadynoiselevelwhichwould,inthecourseofaneight-hourperiod,causethesameA-weightedsoundenergyasthatduetotheactualnoiseoveranactualworkingday.LAeq,8histobedeterminedinaccordancewithPart1ofAustralian/NewZealandStandardAS/NZS12691.‘LC,peak‘(peaknoiselevel)meansC-weightedpeak soundpressure level in decibelsmeasuredbya sound levelmeterwithapeakdetector-indicatorcharacteristiccomplyingwithAustralianStandardAS1259.12.

‘Noise’meansanyunwantedordamagingsound.

‘Personalhearingprotectors’meansadevice,orpairofdevices,wornbyapersonorinsertedintheearsofapersontoprotecttheperson’shearing.

AdditionalInformation:https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/doc/model-code-practice-managing-noise-and-preventing-hearing-loss-work

5.15 Working at Heights[FromWorksafe.vic.gov.au]

Fallsfromheightcanleaveemployeeswithpermanentanddebilitatinginjuries.Fallsoftenoccurfromroofs,scaffolds,ladders,trucksandmezzaninefloorsorintopitsorholes.Fallsfromlessthanonemetrecanresultinseriousinjuriessuchasfractures,spinalcordinjury,concussionsandbraindamage.Theriskofseriousinjuryordeathfromafallincreasessignificantlywhenworkingatheightsovertwo metres.

Getting started• Wherepossibleredesigntheworkplaceortheworktasktominimisetheneedforpeopletodothe

work,orpartoftheworkatheight.• Whereworkmustbedoneatheight,ensuretheworkisdonefromoneofthefollowing(controls

fromloweronthelistmayonlybeusedwhereitisnotreasonablypracticabletousecontrolsfromhigheronthelist):

• anelevatedworkplatformorportablescaffoldwithsecurehandrails• usetravelrestraintsystems• fallarrestsystems(E.g.Safetyharness,industrialsafetynetorcatchplatform)• stepplatforms• Ladders.

Note: Travel restraint and fall arrest systems and the associated anchorages must be designed by a competent person. Any person using such systems must be given appropriate training and supervision.

• Ensuremezzaninefloors,storageareasandanyotherareasthatareintendedtobeaccessedhavesafeaccesswithwell-maintainedstairsandsecurehandrailsandtoeboardsaroundtheperimeter.

• Anystorageareaincludingracking,shelvingortheroofspaceofanofficeareawithinafactorymustbedesignedfortheintendedloads.

https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/doc/model-code-practice-managing-noise-and-preventing-hearing-loss-work

https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/doc/model-code-practice-managing-noise-and-preventing-hearing-loss-work

http://Worksafe.vic.gov.au

Page49of23


Using ladders

• Useastepplatformladder,wherepossible,astheyprovidealarger,morestableworksurfacethanladders.

• Alwaysmaintainthreepointsofcontactwhenascending,descendingorstandingonaladder.• Donotuseladdersonbalconiesorotherareasthatincreasethepotentialfalldistancefortheuser.• Ensureemployeesdonot:

– standhigherthanthesecondtreadbelowthetopplateofanystepladder– useladderswhenusingtoolsthatrequireahighdegreeofforceoraredesignedtobeoperated

withtwohands– Useladderstoworkoverotherpeople.

• Ensureladdersareplacedsquarelyonfirm,non-slipsurfaces.Secureladdersbytyingthemtoasupportatthetopand/orbottom.Alternatively,haveanotherperson‘foot’theladder.

• Inspectladdersregularly.Repairorreplaceladderswhererungs,stepsortreadsortopplatesaremissing,worn,damagedorloose.

AdditionalInformation:https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/doc/model-code-practice-managing-risk-falls-workplaces

5.16 Manual Handling[FromWorksafe.vic.gov.au]

Manualhandlinghappensinmostsmallbusinessesandinvolvesusingyourbodytoexertforcetolift,lower,push,pull,carry,move,holdorrestrainobjectsorpeople.

ItisthebiggestcauseofworkplaceinjuryinVictoria.Eachyear,thousandsofpeopleareinjuredasaresultofmanualhandling.

Manualhandlinginjuriestypicallyoccurwhenemployeesliftheavyorawkwarditems,aswellaswhentheycarryoutrepetitiveactionssuchasstackingorunstackingitems.Theriskofinjurymaybeincreasedifthesetasksarecarriedoutoverlongperiods,atafastpaceorinotherdifficultconditions.

Environmentalfactorssuchasheat,coldandlightinglevelscanalsoincreasetheriskofaninjury.

Prescribedweightlimitsarenotsetbecausedifferentindividualshavedifferentphysicalcapabilities.

Getting started

• Usemechanicalaidssuchastrolleys,conveyors,hoistsorforkliftstomoveobjects.• Regularlymaintainmechanicalaids.• Designoradjustworksurfacessotheyarethecorrectheightforemployeesandsothereis

adequatespaceforworkingorstorage.• Useadjustableplatformsorscissorliftssoemployeescanloadandunloadobjectsfromaround

waistheightandwithouthavingtoextendtheirreach.• Suspendhandtoolsandholditemsinjigsorvicessotheycanbeorientatedtoensurefavourable

postureswhenbeingworkedon.• Selecttoolswithanti-vibrationoranti-kickstartfeatures.• Ensureadequatespaceisprovidedforworkorstorageandtrolleysareusedtomoveitems.The

workareashouldbebetweenkneeandshoulderheight,andclosetotheemployee’sbody.• Wherepossible,automatemanualtasksandprocessesorprovidesuitablemechanicalaids.Ifnot

possible,ensureemployeesregularlyrotatetodifferenttasks.• Ensureemployeesaretrainedhowtouseequipmentsafely.

AdditionalInformation:https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/doc/model-code-practice-hazardous-manual-tasks

https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/doc/model-code-practice-managing-risk-falls-workplaces

http://Worksafe.vic.gov.au

https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/doc/model-code-practice-hazardous-manual-tasks

AMSA483(6/17)