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National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)
Contents
1. Preface
2. Key Features
3. Relevance of NICRA to Kinnaur
4. Selection Criteria of NICRA Village
5. Components of Project
6. 7. Achievements
• Natural Resource Management
• Crop Production
• Livestock
• Institutional Interventions
• Capacity Building
8. Publications under NICRA Project
District Kinnaur
Kinnaur, a mountainous district situated in Trans Himalayan zone of Himalayas is having
high mountain ranges.
The district has unique climatic conditions. Winters are severe with heavy snowfall
causing Glaciers and Avalanches. Summers are mild with rainy season in most of the Kalpa
and Nichar Sub-Divisions of the district. Pooh Sub-Division of this district forms part
of ‘Indian Cold Desert’ and receives scanty rainfall as it falls in rain-shadow zone of
Himalayas.
The unique Geomorphologic and Climatic conditions of the District make it vulnerable to
various kinds of natural disasters.
The disasters, which generally occur in this district, are: Earthquakes, floods, Landslides,
forest fires, domestic fires, wind storm, drought, road accidents, and avalanches etc.
Preface
The Project entitled ‘National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture’ (NICRA) is a
network project of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) launched in
launched in February 2011 by the Hon’ble Union minister for Agriculture & Food
Processing Industries Shri Sharad Pawarji aims to enhance the resilience of Indian
agriculture to climate change and climate vulnerability. The Project covers the four
components viz. Strategic Research, Technology Demonstration, Capacity Building and
Sponsored/Competitive Grants. The research covers crops, livestock, fisheries and
natural resource management. The present context in Strategic Research, Technology
Demonstration, Capacity Building and Sponsored/Competitive Grants, covers Crop
management, Live Stock Management and Natural resource management in District
Kinnaur. For this purpose Village Telangi in District Kinnaur has been selected in which the
farmers of 100 selected house holds made a good emphasis for the completion of the
project.
The Kinnaur, a mountainous district situated in Trans Himalayan zone of Himalayas is
having high mountain ranges. The district has unique climatic conditions. Winters are
severe with heavy snowfall causing Glaciers and Avalanches. Summers are mild with rainy
season in most of the Kalpa and Nichar Sub-Divisions of the district. Pooh Sub-Division of
this district forms part of ‘Indian Cold Desert’ and receives scanty precipitation as it
falls in rain-shadow zone of Himalayas.
The unique Geomorphologic and Climatic conditions of the District make it vulnerable to
various kinds of natural disasters.
The disasters, which generally occur in this district, are: Earthquakes, floods, Landslides,
forest fires, domestic fires, wind storm, drought, road accidents, and avalanches etc.
Key Features
▪ Critical assessment of different crops/zones in the country for vulnerability to
climatic stresses and extreme events, in particular, intra seasonal variability of
rainfall
▪ Installation of the state-of-the-art equipment like flux towers for measurement of
green house gases in large field areas to understand the impact of management
practices and contribute data on emissions as national responsibility.
▪ Rapid and large scale screening of crop germplasm including wild relatives for
drought and heat tolerance through phenomics platforms for quick identification of
promising lines and early development and release of heat/drought tolerant
varieties.
▪ Comprehensive field evaluation of new and emerging approaches of paddy
cultivation like aerobic rice and SRI for their contribution to reduce the GHG
emissions and water saving.
▪ Special attention to livestock and fishery sectors including aquaculture which have
not received enough attention in climate change research in the past. In particular,
the documentation of adaptive traits in indigenous breeds is the most useful step.
▪ Thorough understanding of crop-pest/pathogen relationship and emergence of new
biotypes due to climate change.
Simultaneous up-scaling of the outputs both through KVKs and the National Mission on
Sustainable Agriculture for wider adoption by the farmers
Project Details
Objectives
▪ To enhance the resilience of Indian agriculture covering crops, livestock and
fisheries to climatic variability and climate change through development and
application of improved production and risk management technologies.
▪ To demonstrate site specific technology packages on farmers’ fields for adapting
to current climate risks.
▪ To enhance the capacity of scientists and other stakeholders in climate resilient
agricultural research and its application.
Output
▪ Selection of promising crop genotypes and livestock breeds with greater tolerance
to climatic stress.
▪ Existing best bet practices for climate resilience demonstrated in 100 vulnerable
districts.
▪ Infrastructure at key research institutes for climatic change research
strengthened.
▪ Adequately trained scientific man power to take up climate change research in the
country and empowered farmers to cope with climate variability.
Strategic Research
Adaptation to climate variability and climate change requires long term strategic research
in the area of Natural Resource Management, Crops, Pests and disease dynamics,
Livestock, Fisheries & Energy Efficiency. Focused programmes are taken up on different
commodities on adaptation and mitigation. A detailed assessment on vulnerability of
different agro-climatic zones of the country is also planned. The key activities along with
institutional and commodity wise responsibilities are described in the following table.
Technology Demonstration Interventions
Zone-I
Himachal Pradesh-Kinnaur
Modules Climatic Vulnerabilities Key Interventions
NRM Water scarcity/drought
Poor soil health
In-situ moisture and soil conservation Small RCC
Structures for storing rainwater
Vermi - composting
Soil test based nutrient application
Crop
Production
Frost
Water scarcity/ drought
Poor soil health
Losses due to pests and
diseases
Community nursery and integrated nutrient
management in apple
Plantation of spur type apple in community and
cultivable waste land on large scale
IPM in apple
Adapted improved varieties of field crops
Live stock Mortality and morbidity
losses due to biotic and
abiotic stresses
Fodder scarcity
Poor Health
Prophylaxis and mitigation of mineral deficiencies
in livestock
Fodder conservation through silage hay making:
conservation of monsoon grasses
Production and supply of seedlings of fodder
trees/grasses
Institutional Low seed replacement rate
Poor access to farm
implements
Poor access to live-stock
services
Seed production of Rajmash through farmer groups
Community managed farm machinery custom hiring
centre
Training 2-3 rural youth as livestock service
providers for prophylaxis
Losses due to highly
uncertain weather
Agro advisory based on IMD weather forecast and
village weather observatory farm and systems
micro-irrigation maintaining for youth rural
Village at a glance
Telangi
Name of the village/cluster Telangi
Name of the gram Panchayat Telangi
Name of the Taluka Kalpa
Name of the District & State Kinnaur & Himachal Pradesh
GPS Location & Elevation Latitude:31°32´ North
Longitude:78º15´East
Elevation:2363 mt above mean sea level
Agro climatic zone Zone-I
No. Of house holds 184
Population 760
Average annual rainfall (mm) 672.2
Soil detail Sandy Soils
Major crop Apple, Peas, Rajmash & Barley
Total cultivated area (ha) 280
Rain fed area (ha) 60
Irrigated area(ha) 220
Major climate variability challenge Drought & Cold wave
Source of irrigation Number Area(ha)
Open wells - -
Bore wells - -
Community water bodies
(Tank)
10 4
Lift irrigation - -
Canal irrigation - -
If any other sources (Kuhl) 3 216
Historical trends in rainfall Decadal average
1980-90 1990-2000 2000-10
No. of rainy days 77.4 111.6 111.0
No. of dry spells during kharif season >10days 0.64 1.00 0.91
>15days 0.27 0.09 0.09
>20days 1.64 0.00 0.00
No. of intensive rain spells >60 mm per day 0.91 0.64 1.08
Climatic Challenges
The Village, located at 2 KM towards west from District Head quarter Reckong Peo, in
Kalpa Tehsil of District Kinnaur falls under rain-shadow zones of Himalayas with a
transitional microclimate between Temperate and sub-Temperate zone. Winters are
severe cold with heavy snowfall causing landslides, flash floods, and glaciers, land sink,
uprooting trees, power transmission line cuts and total damage to communications lines.
Summers imposing drought conditions affecting crops. The unique geomorphologic
conditions of the village make it more vulnerable to natural disasters. Sometimes summers
become highly uncertain with mild to heavy rains causing cloud bursts, landslides and
destruction of crops.
Selection Criteria of NICRA Village
• 70% of the family income is Horticulture/Agriculture based.
• It represents the climatic condition of the District.
• It is nearby the KVK and it is only the reachable village for all the
observations/interventions/demonstrations could be done in the most extreme
climatic conditions in winter season when all other village’s routes disconnect due to
heavy snowfall and which could not be possible from other far flung areas.
Telangi village under NICRA Scheme
Bank account details of Village Climate Risk Management Committee (VCRMC)
• Village Climate Risk Management Committee (VCRMC)
S.No. Name of the President/Secretary/Treasurer
1 Sh. Tara Chand –President
2 Sh. Ghanshyam –Secretary
3 Smt. Ravina Negi- Joint Secretary
4 Sh. Ravinder Kumar –Treasurer
Constitution of VCRMC under the project (July 2012).
Name of the
VCRMC/KVK
/District
Village
Name
No.
of
Memb
ers
Bank Account details
A/C No. & Name of The Bank
VCRMC-Telengi,
KVK-Kinnaur
District-Kinnaur
(HP)
Telengi 12 A/C No.:25710118275
Bank: The Himachal Pradesh State Cooperative
Bank Ltd Reckong Peo (257)
• Interventions proposed in the technical programme and the brief progress
1) Soil samples collection of village
2) Community apple nursery and apple plantation
3) Introduction and mass planting of spur type apple varieties
4) Mitigation of vitamins and mineral deficiency in cows and sheep
Improvement in health of cows and sheep and increase in their milk yield have been
recorded by the farmers due to feeding of mineral mixture which suggest that cows
and sheep are suffering from vitamins and mineral deficiency.
In Kinnaur district, most of time, good quality apple plants (grafted plants) are not
available for plantation for the orchardists /farmers. Due to poor quality apple plants
(grafted plants) for new plantation, there is always chances of failure of these plants
due to disease incidence and insect attack in the orchards of farmers. Under NICRA
project good quality apple nursery seedlings and apple grafted plants including spur
type apple cultivars were made available to the farmers for demonstration and agro
advisory was also provided by KVKs scientists. Due to these reasons, no disease
incidence and insect attack was recorded in apple plants during experimentation.
Farmers have also realized the importance of soil testing and fertilizer application
based soil testing in their crops after attending NICRA project training/ awareness
programmes.
Intervention related to climatic resilience
• Most of the agricultural and horticultural crops are grown under irrigated
conditions
• The source of irrigation is from glacier melts
• On an average Kinnaur district receives 672.2 mm rainfall annually
• Due to rise in temperature, high rate of evaporation, high humidity and sandy
nature of soils ,farmers are facing many problems like:
• Attack of insects (Apple wooly aphid, mite, San Jose scale, root borer, shoot hole
borer and apple fruit moth) & diseases (cankers, root rot, powdery mildew, collar
rot and premature leaf fall)
• High requirement of irrigation water due to high rate of evaporation
• Failure of main crops due to poor moisture availability at the time of germination
and nutrient deficiency (nitrogen, calcium, iron, manganese zinc& potassium) due to
poor uptake of macro & micro nutrients from the soils
Major intervention is highly adopted by the farmers
• Renovation of irrigation channels to avoid conveyance losses of water
• Renovation of all water storage structures to store maximum water
• Corrective measures to remove the deficiency of Macro & Micro nutrient in apple
orchards and other crops
• Spray of insecticides for the control of Wooly Apple Aphid, San Jose scale & Mite
in apple orchards
• Spray of fungicides for the control of collar rot, root rot & premature leaf fall in
apple orchards
Achievements:
Natural Resource Management:
1. Soil analysis of 100 farmers’ field:
S.N Name of the Farmer
pH EC (dS/m)
OC (%)
Available nutrients (kg/ha) Available micronutrients (mg/kg)
Nitrogen
Phosphorus (P2O5)
Potassium (K2O)
Sulphur (S)
Fe Mn Zn Cu
1 Sh. Kehar Singh 6.2 463 1.30 301 18.8 457 10.0 29.1 18.1 2.5 2.4
2 Sh Nardev Singh
6.8 780 1.93 276 88.7 937 13.7 30.3 10.5 7.0 4.7
3 Sh. Dev Raj 7.0 532 0.83 188.1 34.9 459 18.7 14.6 7.2 3.0 1.5
4 Smt. Kamar Zin 6.7 463 1.43 251 17.0 435 12.5 24.4 18.1 3.3 3.7
5 Sh. Nanak Ram 6.9 590 1.57 188.1 47.5 631 17.5 22.7 15.3 2.9 1.6
6 Sh. Keval Ram 6.8 360 1.10 213.2 34.9 253 11.2 22.6 14.9 6.2 1.4
7 Sh. Krishan Dass
6.9 781 2.35 263.3 97.6 629 21.2 31.9 15.6 6.4 3.7
8 Sh. Arun Dev 6.7 575 2.09 288.4 92.2 801 21.2 32.3 21.8 3.9 2.8
9 Sh. Subhash Chander
7.3 746 2.19 175.6 62.7 607 25.0 24.5 11.2 5.9 3.0
10 Sh. Bhag Chand 7.0 627 1.98 313.5 27.7 357 28.7 32.0 19.4 2.5 2.7
11 Sh. Suraj Lal 7.0 508 1.30 288.4 33.1 496 25.0 21.0 17.5 1.4 2.7
12 Sh. Shyam Nar 7.0 338 0.97 288.4 59.1 380 7.5 28.0 10.5 1.6 2.5
13 Sh. Budhi Lal 6.3 380 1.49 313.5 94.9 231 25.0 48.6 13.6 3.4 5.5
14 Sh. Prem Dass 7.1 531 1.25 188.1 133.5 558 17.5 31.8 15.3 3.2 4.5
15 Sh. Basant Ram 6.8 694 2.74 338.6 75.2 458 31.2 40.2 13.0 6.0 2.1
16 Sh. Anant Ram 6.8 638 3.00 351.1 125.4 461 17.5 42.6 12.6 8.2 7.1
17 Sh. Shyam Lal 6.8 629 3.05 313.5 80.6 600 21.2 36.8 16.3 5.8 3.1
18 Sh. Ravinder Kumar
6.9 456 2.87 301 48.3 441 21.2 37.9 15.0 4.2 2.3
19 Sh. Madan Singh
7.0 385 1.23 251 3.6 263 11.2 18.4 15.4 1.9 2.3
20 Sh. Sarjan Kumar
7.1 472 1.51 263.3 22.4 195 20.0 25.0 6.2 3.9 1.9
21 Sh. Himmat Singh
7.1 364 1.20 263.3 17.9 278 15.0 27.2 12.7 1.9 2.3
22 Sh. Lafan Singh 6.9 363 1.57 301 20.6 360 12.5 35.2 20.0 3.2 3.3
23 Sh. Deena Nath 7.1 230 0.42 188.1 13.4 394 10.0 9.7 8.5 0.9 1.6
24 Sh. Jai Singh 7.0 424 1.28 276 10.7 339 11.2 23.7 15.4 2.3 2.3
25 Sh. Shree Gian 7.0 443 1.17 213.2 11.6 320 37.5 21.0 11.2 1.8 1.9
26 Sh. Raj Bhagat 7.0 376 1.02 188.1 17.9 290 10.0 23.9 12.8 1.2 1.7
27 Sh. Govind Singh
6.8 499 1.90 251 20.6 263 20.0 36.7 15.1 2.4 2.9
28 Sh. Ram Chander
7.2 450 1.12 188.1 51.9 339 15.0 15.2 8.8 4.4 1.6
29 Sh. Rattan Singh
7.0 266 1.12 188.1 17.9 300 6.2 26.3 14.4 2.5 4.2
30 Sh.Rattan Chand
6.8 359 0.97 238.3 7.2 302 10.0 27.5 17.9 1.2 2.9
31 Smt. Sanam Pati W/o Late sh. Raj Gopal
6.9 644 1.38 238.3 75.2 613 22.5 22.8 9.1 7.6 3.0
32 Smt.Shanti Devi 7.0 733 1.88 276 85.5 386 20.0 24.9 10.8 5.9 2.3
33 Sh.Kaan Chand 7.0 672 1.51 238.3 68.0 469 15.0 19.3 7.4 7.1 2.6
34 Sh. Panma Jeet 6.8 489 1.17 238.3 40.3 281 21.2 21.0 5.6 3.0 2.3
35 Smt. Charan Pyari
6.6 369 1.57 263.3 56.4 384 12.2 29.4 8.3 3.7 2.6
36 Sh. Ashok Kumar
6.7 454 1.30 238.3 41.2 330 10.0 23.1 8.1 3.1 1.8
37 Sh. Rajkumar 6.0 509 1.70 288.4 45.7 410 12.5 28.2 17.4 4.7 3.7
38 Sh. Tej Ram Negi
6.8 341 1.04 225.7 36.7 491 5.0 10.4 9.4 1.9 2.9
39 Adv.Harish Chander
6.9 574 2.35 313.5 89.6 650 12.5 25.3 12.3 6.3 3.9
40 Sh. Vidya Singh 6.7 411 1.83 288.4 44.8 522 10.0 24.2 13.8 2.6 1.7
41 Sh. Jagmohan 6.9 493 1.63 301 50.1 561 15.0 16.5 12.9 3.5 2.4
42 Adv. Ramesh Kumar
7.1 537 1.86 313.5 80.7 497 16.2 18.2 11.0 3.8 3.0
43 Sh. Gulab Chand
7.2 533 0.59 201 67.2 274 10.0 12.1 4.2 1.8 0.6
44 Sh. Bhajan Ram 7.0 437 1.41 263.3 21.5 309 11.2 17.8 10.4 2.9 1.4
45 Sh. Naresh Kumar
6.9 739 1.10 263.3 31.3 204 11.2 19.5 7.9 5.3 0.9
46 Smti Ganga Devi
7.3 631 1.61 301 92.5 692 20.0 19.0 8.7 6.3 6.4
47 Sh. Ashwani Kumar
7.3 516 1.97 263.3 34.0 521 10.0 13.0 14.1 3.0 2.3
48 Sh. Padam Dev 7.1 423 1.46 339 57.3 517 8.7 29.0 11.6 4.6 4.5
49 Sh. Bhagwan Singh
7.0 506 2.00 376.2 33.1 380 21.2 29.1 12.3 5.8 4.9
50 Sh. Narender Kumar
7.1 357 1.04 263.3 33.1 314 10.0 17.2 8.4 3.6 6.2
51 Sh. Rajesh Kumar
7.3 606 1.70 326 35.0 939 11.2 14.4 14.3 3.2 2.2
52 Sh. Vidya Sagar 7.2 754 2.56 414 64.5 663 27.5 23.1 13.3 5.8 2.5
53 Sh. Surender Kumar
7.2 601 2.11 263.3 75.1 431 20.0 22.5 10.3 3.9 1.8
54 Sh. Moti Lal 7.0 387 1.51 225.7 16.1 249 15.0 35.1 11.4 1.1 2.3
55 Sh. Bhupender 7.2 279 0.83 188.1 13.4 407 3.8 9.8 8.0 1.0 3.0
56 Sanam Pati 7.2 393 1.62 238.3 28.6 249 10.0 17.3 9.6 1.8 1.7
57 Basant Kumar 7.2 402 0.97 225.7 11.6 256 7.5 17.6 4.6 1.2 2.7
58 Gena Ram 7.3 616 1.90 276 82.4 240 20.0 23.5 4.6 3.4 4.6
59 Sh. Puran Singh 7.1 604 2.19 301 44.8 437 20.0 15.8 10.9 3.5 1.5
60 Sh. Vishamber Singh
7.6 598 1.25 238 54.6 662 12.5 10.7 9.8 1.9 2.0
61 Sh.Ram Gian 7.3 460 1.00 301 25.9 430 6.2 30.1 15.3 1.7 2.9
62 Sh. Ugra Singh 7.1 456 1.44 251 85.1 456 10.0 36.0 12.8 8.6 2.8
63 Smt. Dev Kumari
7.0 313 0.64 238.3 13.4 295 1.9 15.4 10.6 1.1 1.9
64 Sh. Udham Lal 7.0 364 1.00 263.3 8.0 425 1.9 25.0 15.5 1.0 1.7
65 Smt. Gian Kumari
7.0 233 0.31 163 17.0 203 10.0 17.7 6.5 0.6 2.0
66 Sh. Kuldeep 7.1 343 0.86 201 18.8 313 5.0 23.7 13.1 1.6 2.6
67 Sh. Prittam Singh
7.1 514 1.11 238 75.2 662 10.0 17.3 8.7 5.0 3.7
68 Sh. Thakur Singh
6.8 198 0.61 201 31.3 181 1.3 32.5 9.3 1.9 3.5
69 Smt. Sangay Yum
6.7 500 2.19 301 87.8 720 6.2 36.6 12.4 3.2 3.8
70 Sh. Krishan 6.8 513 2.08 288 48.0 451 12.5 24.6 16.5 3.6 4.0
71 Sh. Suman Singh
7.0 418 0.81 163 38.5 364 10.0 21.6 10.2 1.3 2.9
72 Sh. Yontan Dorje
6.8 364 1.36 389 44.8 383 10.0 27.1 9.5 2.3 3.6
73 Sh. Ranjeet Singh
6.8 774 3.85 251 83.5 542 40.0 38.9 13.5 5.9 3.0
74 Sh. Jagjeet Singh
7.3 609 1.06 188 50.1 511.0 11.2 19.2 13.4 4.7 2.7
75 Sh. Padam Chand
7.5 613 0.78 201 94.9 373 12.5 16.4 11.4 1.8 2.5
76 Sh. Sukh Pal 7.2 383 1.03 251 48.3 625 6.2 23.7 14.1 1.6 2.7
77 Sh. Chhodup 7.0 406 1.72 188 83.5 533 17.5 32.4 11.1 6.6 3.9
Chhering
78 Sh. Ganeshi Lal 6.9 338 1.39 188 52.8 412 10.0 25.7 11.8 2.0 4.0
79 Sh. Sunil Kumar 6.9 361 1.39 301 39.4 431 17.5 28.1 14.9 2.8 2.5
80 Smt. Gial Poti 6.7 582 3.47 138 82.4 809 25.0 39.7 15.5 4.8 2.0
81 Sh. Khem Chand
7.0 398 0.69 176 14.3 335 12.5 18.1 11.2 1.6 3.1
82 Sh. Kabir Chand 6.9 216 0.64 238 13.4 454 1.1 15.4 15.7 0.7 1.5
83 Sh. Ganga Singh 7.0 434 1.36 213 34.0 394 12.5 24.0 9.6 5.4 3.0
84 Sh. Rajender Singh
7.2 363 1.06 238 23.3 379 17.5 17.4 10.0 2.5 2.7
85 Sh. Hari Singh 7.2 469 1.17 226 75.7 354 15.0 19.7 6.2 3.2 2.9
86 Sh. Ghan Shyam
7.2 619 0.94 276 86.9 784 10.0 8.3 10.6 1.6 1.7
87 Sh. Bal Krishan 7.3 584 1.78 276 58.2 268 21.2 31.4 6.9 5.1 4.8
88 Sh. Bhajan Singh
7.1 521 1.25 226 80.6 722 20.0 25.9 15.1 3.0 2.6
89 Sh. Hirpal Singh 7.2 447 1.17 188 32.2 641 5.0 21.3 14.5 1.6 2.7
90 Sh. Sushil Kumar
6.9 398 0.86 188 80.6 361 7.5 27.0 13.8 1.1 2.9
91 Sh. Pradeep Kumar
6.9 260 0.64 188 52.8 579 0.9 23.4 19.0 1.0 2.7
92 Sh. Basant Kumar (Pantcha)
6.8 392 1.83 251 43.9 479 10.0 33.4 16.4 2.2 3.2
93 Bahadur Singh 7.3 503 1.03 238 30.4 922 8.7 17.7 10.6 1.4 2.1
94 Sh. Mohinder Kumar
7.1 308 1.42 238 26.8 363 5.0 26.6 14.9 2.5 2.3
95 Sh. Dharmender Singh
7.0 301 0.44 163 17.0 356 5.0 17.1 11.4 1.2 2.2
96 Sh. Dharm Lal 6.9 195 0.58 163 32.2 251 Tr 35.3 6.3 0.7 1.3
97 Sh. Surat Ram 6.7 356 1.00 201 88.7 450 5.0 29.3 11.8 1.9 3.3
98 Sh. Pandup Lal 6.6 609 3.22 263 59.8 525 25.0 37.8 17.0 7.3 2.6
99 Sh. Bahadur Lal 6.6 477 2.53 314 60.0 503 23.7 34.8 15.6 7.5 3.9
100
Sh. Padam Lal 7.0 376 1.31 201 97.6 544 6.2 26.8 13.2 3.7 3.4
Tr = value in traces i.e. less than 1 not read by the instrument
Training camp on soil sampling Method demonstration on fertilizer
application
2. Soil test base nutrient Application:
Sr. No. Inputs Qty. Farmers Benefited
1. CAN 2850 Kg. 95
2. UREA 2200Kg 65
3. MOP 1700Kg 61
4. SSP 1000Kg 35
5. Vermicompost 6250Kg 20
Vermicomposting is the usage of earthworms to convert vegetable waste to a 100%
natural plant fertilizer. Vermiculture is the side issue of the breeding of common
earthworms for use in vermicomposting.
Organic
The most important aspect of compost produced by earthworms is that it is 100%
organic. There are no harmful chemicals and it does not need to be mixed with
anything.
More Nutritious
Vermicomposting produces a product that is naturally designed to benefit plants in
several different ways. The most significant benefit is that the nutrients in
earthworm compost are very easily absorbed by the roots of plants. Unlike
chemical fertilizers, vermicompost is not easily flushed from the soil because of
the worm mucus that it contains. Plants have longer to obtain the nutrients and get
the maximum benefit.
Micro Organisms
As the compost is passing through the body of the worms it is enriched with
bacteria and microbes. These help plants to become more disease resistant and
also repel some plant pests. The presence of increased microbial activity can make
the area much more attractive to birds which also help to remove plant pests.
Healthier Plants
As the compost works on the plants and they become healthier the need for
pesticides is reduced. The reduction in pesticides helps the area to recover faster
and can start an improvement cycle that will run on. This compares with the typical
cycle when chemical fertilizers are used. The chemical fertilizers might increase
plant yields but they do nothing for plant health. Continued use of chemical
fertilizers inevitably leads to a breakdown in the soil. Ammonia and salts build up
which attack the plants making them less able to withstand disease.
Plant Growth
Among the hormones that earthworm compost contains are hormones that help
plants to grow. Germination of seeds is encouraged, the growth of the plant is
stronger and the crop yield improved. This natural support for the plants is not
available with chemical fertilizers. The distribution of the compost through the
soil also helps to encourage healthy root growth.
Water Retention
Vermicompost is a colloid and holds up to nine times its own weight in water. This
can make a huge difference when there is a dry spell. The water is held at an
organic level so tends to evaporate slowly while still being available to the plants.
3. Water Resources
Presently 3 Canal systems, 2 water tanks and 4 natural water sources are present in the
village.
Crop Production:
1. Vegetable Seeds
Radish White Icicle 19.50Kg 203
Turnip PTWG 13.52Kg 203
Spinach 100Kg 100
Tomato Solan Lalima 1.5Kg 100
Carrot EN & SR 19.39Kg 203
Beans Contender 35Kg 103
Cabbage Pride of India 8Kg 103
2. Rajmash Seeds
Baspa 200Kg 50
Triloki 200Kg 49
Kailash 200kg 44
Jawala 200Kg 33
3. Pea (AP-3) 1200Kg 120
4. Apple Plants/Apple Seedlings
Oregan spur 120 3
Silver spur 100 3
Red Chief 75 3
BNE 120 3
Gloster 35 5
Gold Spur 50 7
Seedlings 10,000 31
Livestock
FMD vaccination in April Mineral and vitamin mixture demonstration
1. Cattle Feed/ Feed Supplements
Milk ration 6000 Kg 120 Farmers
Uro Mineral Brick 125 Kg 50 Farmers
Special Mineral Mixture 100 Kg 70 Farmers
4. Fodder Grass Seeds
White Clover 5.75 Kg 23
Red Clover 7
Oats 4
Fescue 5
5. Fodder Plants
Rubinia 250
Salix 250
Capacity Building Activities
Date Name of the Training Programme or Exposure visit Participants
(No.)
14/06/2011 Training Programme on “Micronutrient Deficiency &
Disease Management in Horticultural Crops” at KVK
Kinnaur
22
18/06/2011 Awareness Camp on “Cultivation of Flowers” at KVK
Kinnaur
14
16/07/2011 Training Programme on “Integrated Nutrient
Management of Horticultural Crops & awareness on
Fodder Crop Cultivation and Use of Mineral Mixture in
Cattle and Sheep” at KVK Kinnaur
11
26/07/2011 Awareness Camp on “Soil Fertility Management &
Integrated Nutrient Management in Horticultural
10
Crops” at KVK Kinnaur
10/08/2011 Training Programme on “Soil Fertility & Integrated
Nutrient management in Horticultural Crops” at KVK
Kinnaur
12
27-
28/03/2012
Training Programme on “Management of Horticultural
Crops in Dry Temperate Zone” at KVK Kinnaur
32
13/04/2012 Training Programme on “Improved Technology of
Vegetable Cultivation” at KVK Kinnaur
74
10/05/2012 Training Programme on “Improved Production
Technology of Rajmash” at KVK Kinnaur
93
15/05/2012 Training Programme on “Management of Livestock and
Feeding on Mineral Mixture etc. in Cattles and Sheep”
at KVK Kinnaur
105
07/06/2012 Training Programme on “Crop production and Natural
Resource Management” & “Interaction meeting
regarding NICRA Village Interventions & Related
issues with farmers” at KVK Kinnaur
22
14/06/2012 Training Programme on “Production Technology of
Peas” at KVK Kinnaur
120
24/06/2012 Interaction Meeting of Farmers with ZPD team
members on “Natural Resource Management and Crop
Production” at NICRA Village Telangi
44
24/06/2012 Interaction meeting of ZPD Team members with KVK
Staff at KVK Kinnaur
32
13/07/2012 Training Programme on “Crop Production” and Meeting
of Telangi Village Farmers to Constitute Village
Climate Risk Management Committee.
33
24/07/2012 Interaction Meeting and Training of Farmers with
DEE, UHF, Nauni on “Natural Resource Management &
Crop Production”
21
20/09/2012 Interaction Meeting of Farmers Regarding NICRA
Project & Training Programme on “Nutrient
Management and Fertilizers Application in Apple
Orchards”
10
29/09/2012 Training Programme on “Integrated Nutrient
Management in Agriculture & Horticultural Crops” at
25
KVK Kinnaur
25/04/2013 Training Programme on “Improved Production
Technology of Temperate Vegetable Crops” at KVK
Kinnaur
25
26/04/2013 Training Programme on “Improved Production
Technology of Temperate Vegetable Crops” at KVK
Kinnaur
25
03/05/2013 Training Programme on “Improved Technology of
Temperate Vegetable Crops” at KVK Kinnaur
22
06/05/2013 Training Programme on “Soil Fertility Management” &
“Use of Organic Manure (Vermicompost) in Fruit,
Vegetable Pulse Crops” at KVK Kinnaur
25
27/05/2013 Training Programme on “Improved Production
Technology of Rajmash” & “Management of Livestock
including cattle and sheep feeding of mineral mixture”
at KVK Kinnaur
24
10/06/2013 Training Programme on Soil fertility Management &
Use of Organic Manure (Vermicompost) in Fruits
Vegetables & Pulses at KVK Kinnaur
25
16/07/2013 Training Programme on “Improved Production
Technology of Horticultural crops” & “Dairy
Management in Kinnaur District” at KVK Kinnaur
17
16/08/2013 Camp on Environmental Awareness among Farmers at
NICRA Village Telangi
16
06/09/2013 Training Programme on “Nursery Management in
Horticultural Crops” & Interaction meeting regarding
NICRA Village on Institutional Interaction and related
issues with farmers at KVK KInnaur
18
13/09/2013 Training Programme on “Employment Generation
through Nursery Raising, Seed Production and
Temperate Vegetable and Flower Crops” at NICRA
Telangi Village
27
17/09/2013 “Field Day On Rajmash and Black Gram” at Telangi
Village
11
30/10/2013 Training Programme on “Horticultural Operations in 21
winters Season” at KVK Kinnaur
08/11/2013 Training Programme on “Intercropping”, “Seed
Production of Flowers and Vegetable Crops” at NICRA
Village Telangi
32
28/11/2013 Post Harvest Practices Demonstration on Apple
Orchards at NICRA Village Telangi
26
30/11/2013
to
02/12/2013
Exposure Field Visit & Farmer-Scientist Interactions
on “Horticultural Technologies” at Dr YSP UHF Nauni
Solan and Kandaghat
3
11/12/2013 Training Programme on “Training Pruning of Apple
Orchards” at NICRA Village Telangi
14
Rajmash Day DEE visit to NICRA village
Urea Demonstration Exposure visit to UHF, Nauni
Farmer x Scientist interaction Orchard floor management
Conservation Apis cerana Apis cerana inside house
Pollination by native honey bee Plantation of fodder tree species in
flooded area
Field crops Irrigated with Apple Nursery Production Fodder Production
Stored water
Module-1: Crop Production
Interventions Technology
demonstrated
Critical
input
(Variety,
Fertilizer /
Chemicals
doses,)
No.
of
far
mer
s
Are
a
(ha)
Measurable
indicators
of yield*
%
increa
se
Economics of demonstration (Rs./ha) Economics of Local (Rs./ha)
Dem
o
Loc
al
Gross
Cost
Gross
Return
Net
Return
BCR Gross
Cost
Gross
Return
Net
Return
BCR
Location specific
intercropping
systems with high
sustainable yield
index1
Line sowing of
Apple +
Rajmash
Var. Jawala 05 0.4 8.50 7.00 21.4 59000 110500 51500 1.87 59000 91000 59000 1.54
Steep slope
orcharding
(scientific training
and pruning
intervention to
enhance quality
fruit production)2
Scientific
canopy
management
1.0 50 30 88.5 70.8 25.0 120000 442500 322500 3.52 11000
0
354000 244000 3.21
Pollination
management3
Pollination
management
through honey
bees
Colonies of
Apis
mellifera
113 100 121.
2
101.
5
19.4 132425 545400 452682 4.12 45675
0
130625 391875 3.50
Quality nursery
production as a
livelihood option
Apple nursery
production
Apple
seedlings
and bud
sticks of
improved
vars.
02 0.02 Apple seedlings have been lined out in the fields and will be grafted with commercial varieties during March
2017.
Traditional
Climate resilient
minor millets 4
Cultivation of
Traditional
Climate
resilient minor
millets
Ogla-Local
04 0.1 7.57 6.52 18.8 43250 68130 33880 1.57 38250 58680 20430 1.53
Phafra-Local 04 0.1 8.80 7.24 21.5 43250 79200 35950 1.83 38250 65160 26910 1.50
Details of activity :
1. Location specific intercropping systems with high sustainable yield index:
Seed of recommended variety of rajmash was provided to the farmers along with method of line sowing and other scientific know-how to
assess the impact on yield.
2. Steep slope orcharding:
Technology demonstration on scientific training and pruning of apple orchards to enhance quality fruit production was provided to the farmers
of the village.
3. Pollination management:
Around 100 ha area was geographically positioned at 150 sites with GPS record to place honey bee colonies for pollination management
in apple crop.
4. Nursery production:
Five thousand apple seedlings have been provided to two nursery growers. These seedlings will be grafted with commercial varieties during
March 2017.
5. Traditional Climate resilient minor millets:
Local varieties of climate resilient minor millet buckwheat (Fagopyrum tatricum) from Sangla valley of Kinnaur were compared for yield
performance following line sowing and broadcasting.
Module-2: Livestock & Fisheries
Interventions Technol
ogy
demonst
rated
Critical
input
(Variet
y,
Fertiliz
er /
Chemic
als
doses,)
No.
of
far
mer
s
Unit/
No. /
Area
(ha)
Measurable
indicators of
output*
%
increas
e
Economics of demonstration
(Rs./ha)
Economics of demonstration (Rs./ha)
Demo Local Gross
Cost
Gross
Return
Net
Return
BCR Gross
Cost
Gross
Return
Net
Return
BCR
Vaccination Vaccinati
on for
FMD
- - 392
cows
Milk-
675L
FYM-
6 Q
Milk-
337.5
L
FYM-
4.5 Q
100 18500 24000 5500 1.30 12025 12600 575 1.05
Backyard poultry Chicks of
improved
breed
- 05 20
chicks
each
Egg-
140/ hen
- - 640 1400 760 2.19 - - - -
Introduction of
improved sheep
breed for wool
production
Improved
breed
Hogget 11 04 Four male of the improved were provided through the department of Animal Husbandry, Kinnaur (HP) in May 2015.
One hogget died after falling from the hill. The result of the progeny will come after one year.
Vaccination against FMD:
Vaccination of 416 sheep & goats and 392 cows was done during March 2016. Vaccination of an animal costs just Rs.7.16 whereas to treat an ailing
animal requires Rs. 1000/-. Milk production is reduced to half in infected milch animal. No disease infection was recorded amongst the vaccinated animals.
Backyard poultry:
Twenty chicks each of improved breed were provided to four farmers in the NICRA village to start backyard poultry. On an average a hen yielded 140
eggs during 7 months period. There has been no increase in the number of chicks.
Introduction of improved sheep breed:
Improved males of sheep breed Russian Merino were introduced for improvement of the existing sheep breed in the NICRA village for higher and
quality wool production. Out of the four males provided, one has died and the remaining three are in developmental stage and hence the result of the progeny
will come after one year.
Backyard poultry
Introduction of improved sheep breed for wool production
Module-3: Institutional Interventions
Interventions
Details of activity Critical input (Breed /
Variety / Medicine
doses,)
No. of
farmers
Unit / No. / Area (ha)
Name of crops /
Commodity
groups /
Implements
Quantity /
Number /
Rent /
Charges
Technology used
in seed / fodder
bank & function
of groups
Custom hiring
centre
Generator - - - - -
Pruning secateurs 1 @ Rs. 20 - - 01 0.08 ha
Grafting knife 1 @ Rs. 30 - - 01 300 No. grafts
Power weeder 1 @ Rs. 300/- - - 01 0.32 ha
Power Sprayer 1 @ Rs. 300/- - - 01 0.56 ha
Chain Saw 1 @ Rs. 300/- - - 02 0.48
Revenue generated from Custom Hiring and farmers share for interventions: Rs. 55190/-
Module-4: Capacity Building (HRD)
Thematic area Title of training No. of
Courses
No. of beneficiaries Date
Male Female
Integrated crop
management
One day training camp on INM, pre-mature leaf fall and mite management
in apple
01 06 08 19/06/2015
Live stock
management
One day training programme on poultry management 01 04 01 30/07/2015
Integrated pest
management
Training programme on pest management in apple orchards (Telangi Khas) 01 02 10 11/08/2015 (FN)
Training programme on pest management in apple orchards (Telangi
Dakho)
01 08 01 11/08/2015 (AN)
Training programme on pest management in rajmash-apple orchards (Shuka
Saring)
01 04 06 12/08/2015 (FN)
Training programme on pest management in rajmash-apple orchards (Garo
Saring)
01 01 10 12/08/2015 (AN)
Integrated crop
management
Exposure visit of students from Saraswati Vidya Mandir, Telangi 01 41 58 08/09/2015
Crop management Training programme on winter management in apple orchards (Telangi
Khas)
01 15 05 15/01/2016 (FN)
Training programme on winter management in apple orchards (Danio
Saring)
01 07 06 15/01/2016 (AN)
Training programme on winter management in apple orchards (shuka and
Garo Saring)
01 21 04 16/01/2016
Training programme on winter management in apple orchards (Tarkhawa) 01 10 00 17/01/2016
Module-5: Extension Activities
Name of the activity Number of
programmes
No. of beneficiaries Remarks
Male Female
Exposure visit 01 41 58 An Exposure visit of students from Saraswati Vidya Mandir,
Telangi, NICRA village was organized wherein the students were
taken to Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry,
RHRTS & KVK, Sharbo, Kinnaur (HP) to familiarize them of the
latest techniques in the field of horticulture and bee keeping.
Method demonstrations 12 112 103 Demonstrations were given on orchard floor management in apple,
method of seed treatment and line sowing in rajmash, training and
pruning for quality fruit production in apple, method of soil
sampling and fertilizer application.
Agro-advisory services 25 69 44 Agro-advisories were provided to the farmers relating to different
aspects of crop production on regular basis during the cropping
season.
Method demonstration on value addition Method demonstration on soil sampling