NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE PLAN - NIDM · in the preparation of the National Disaster Response Plan. In essence, the work of the HPC has been twofold – bringing and assimilating

N A T I O N A L D I S A S T E R

R E S P O N S E P L A N

N AN AN AN AN A T I O N A L C E N T R E F O R D I S A S T E R M A N A G E M E N TT I O N A L C E N T R E F O R D I S A S T E R M A N A G E M E N TT I O N A L C E N T R E F O R D I S A S T E R M A N A G E M E N TT I O N A L C E N T R E F O R D I S A S T E R M A N A G E M E N TT I O N A L C E N T R E F O R D I S A S T E R M A N A G E M E N T

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND COOPERATION

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

October, 2001

NATIONAL DISASTER

RESPONSE PLAN

PREPARED BY

H I G H P O W E R E D C O M M I T T E Eon

D I S A S T E R M A N A G E M E N T

A number of Sub Groups and Sub Committees were set up and Research Studies commissioned by the HPC, and material from thesehas been heavily drawn upon towards preparation of the final HPC Report & NDRP. Views expressed in these reports do not

necessarily represent the considered opinion of the HPC.

Academic, Secretarial and other related support provided by

NNNNNATIONALATIONALATIONALATIONALATIONAL C C C C CENTREENTREENTREENTREENTRE FORFORFORFORFOR D D D D DISASTERISASTERISASTERISASTERISASTER M M M M MANAGEMENTANAGEMENTANAGEMENTANAGEMENTANAGEMENTINDIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

INDRAPRASTHA ESTATE, RING ROAD,NEW DELHI � 110 002

TEL. : 91-11-3702400TEL/FAX : 91-11-3702442

EMAIL : [email protected] : www.ncdm-india.org

© 2002First published 2002

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means,

without the prior permission in writing from National Centre for Disaster Managementor as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate

reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproductionoutside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department,

National Centre for Disaster Management, at the address below.

The book should not be circulated in any other binding or cover and you mustimpose this same condition on any acquirer.

ISBN 019 5650298

Published in India byAnil Sinha, National Centre for Disaster Management, New Delhi

Price : Rs. 550.00 USD 40.00

Printed at Excel Printers, C-206, Naraina Indl. Area, Phase-I, New Delhi-110028Ph.: 5795899, 9810082582, e-mail : [email protected]

CCCCCHAPTERHAPTERHAPTERHAPTERHAPTER 1 1 1 1 1 4

Introduction

Vision of the Document

Evolution of the Document

Approach of the HPC towards Management of Disasters

Role of the National Government


Methodology

Key Issues

How to Use the document on National Disaster Response Plan

Document of National Response Plan


Approach

National Response Approach

Concepts Used in the Document

Disaster Specific Approach to Response Actions

Emergency Information Disknet


Maps

Vulnerability Maps


Quick Response

Quick Response Flow chart

Pre-disaster Warning and Alerts

Response Planning

Arrival Point

National Disaster Quick Response Mechanism

Contents

Continued Response

Deactivation and Documentation


National Operations Centres

a. National Operations Centres

Man power requirements of the EOC

Regular Staff

Staff on Disaster Duty

b. Incident Command System

c. Overall Command


Emergency Support Functions


Primary and Secondary Agencies

Planning Assumptions


Disaster Specific Modules

Earthquake Module

Model Framework for Disaster-Specific Approach-Sub Group I

Model Framework for Disaster-Specific Approach-Sub Group II

Model Framework for Disaster-Specific Approach-Sub Group III

Model Framework for Disaster-Specific Approach-Sub Group IV

Model Framework for Disaster-Specific Approach-Sub Group V


Follow-up Actions

List of Checklists and Handbooks

Documents for each ESF

GIS Maps

EOC and ICS layouts and databases

Disaster-Specific Modules

References

Acronyms

AnnexuresNational Response Plan

Chapters

Technical ReportsKnowledge Network

Electronic MediaPrint Media

Civil Defence

Armed Forces

Role of GIS in Disaster ManagementResearch Reports

National Disaster Information System

Early Warning

Capacity Building

Socio- Psychological Aspects

Minimum Standards of Relief

Emergency SupportFunctions

Sub- Group ReportsNATIONAL PLAN

1. Water and Climate

2. Geological

3. Biological

4. Accident related

5. Chemical and Nuclear

Sub- Group ReportsSTATE PLAN

1. Geological

2. Biological

3. Accident related

1. Trigger Mechanism

2. Insurance

3. District Disaster Management Report

NDRP & RELATED STUDIES

6. National Operation Centres

1. Introduction

2. Methodology

3. Approach

4. Maps

5. Quick Response

7. ESF

8. Disaster Specifc Modules

9. Follow up Actions

Sub – Committee Reports

I .I .I .I .I . Disaster Assessment SystemsDisaster Assessment SystemsDisaster Assessment SystemsDisaster Assessment SystemsDisaster Assessment SystemsReferences� ADPC� UNDAC� UN-OCHA

I I .I I .I I .I I .I I . Site Operation SystemSite Operation SystemSite Operation SystemSite Operation SystemSite Operation SystemReferences� OSOCC - UNOCHA� Incident Command System

I I I .I I I .I I I .I I I .I I I . Search and Rescue SystemsSearch and Rescue SystemsSearch and Rescue SystemsSearch and Rescue SystemsSearch and Rescue SystemsReferences� INSARAG� US and R Task Force � FEMA

IVIVIVIVIV..... Disaster Medical AssistanceDisaster Medical AssistanceDisaster Medical AssistanceDisaster Medical AssistanceDisaster Medical Assistance

References� Health and Medical Response System � Response Team

Description Manual (USA)� Norwegian Mobile Hospitals and Disaster Units

VVVVV..... Equipment CacheEquipment CacheEquipment CacheEquipment CacheEquipment CacheReferences� Equipment Cache � Building Material and Technology

Promotion Council� USA

V I .V I .V I .V I .V I . Knowledge NetworkKnowledge NetworkKnowledge NetworkKnowledge NetworkKnowledge NetworkReferences� Knowledge Network � Centre for Disaster Mitigation and

Management, Anna University, ChennaiV I I .V I I .V I I .V I I .V I I . Inventory Management SystemInventory Management SystemInventory Management SystemInventory Management SystemInventory Management System

� Manpower� Relief SuppliesReferences� SUMA� Donations FEMA

V I I I .V I I I .V I I I .V I I I .V I I I .Minimum Standards of Relief and ResponseMinimum Standards of Relief and ResponseMinimum Standards of Relief and ResponseMinimum Standards of Relief and ResponseMinimum Standards of Relief and ResponseReferences

� SPHERE

I X .I X .I X .I X .I X . Central Disaster Management DirectoryCentral Disaster Management DirectoryCentral Disaster Management DirectoryCentral Disaster Management DirectoryCentral Disaster Management Directory

�� List of AcronymsList of AcronymsList of AcronymsList of AcronymsList of Acronyms�� List of Members of HPCList of Members of HPCList of Members of HPCList of Members of HPCList of Members of HPC�� ReferencesReferencesReferencesReferencesReferences�� Con ten tCon ten tCon ten tCon ten tCon ten t

Follow-up Actions Follow-up Actions Follow-up Actions Follow-up Actions Follow-up Actions�� Checklists and HandbooksChecklists and HandbooksChecklists and HandbooksChecklists and HandbooksChecklists and Handbooks�� MapsMapsMapsMapsMaps�� ESFsESF sESF sESF sESF s�� Specific Disaster ModulesSpecific Disaster ModulesSpecific Disaster ModulesSpecific Disaster ModulesSpecific Disaster Modules

ANNEXURES*****

*The Annexures as indicatedhere are available on a CDattached to the NDRPDocument

ABBREVIATIONS

ACWCs Area Cyclone Warning Centres

AIR All India Radio

ATIs Administrative Training Institutes

BMTPC Building Material and Technology Promotion Council

BUCFAC Building Code Formulators and Administrators Conference of India

CRC Central Relief Commissioner

CMG Crisis Management Group

CWC Cyclone Warning Centres

EGM Empowered Group of Ministers

EOC Emergency Operations Centre

ESF Emergency Support Functions

GIS Geographic Information System

IMD India Meteorological Department

ICS Incident Command System

NATMO National Atlas and Thematic Mapping Organisation

NCCM National Centre for Calamity Management

NCDM National Centre for Disaster Management

NCMC National Crisis Management Committee

NRSA National Remote Sensing Agency

PSUs Public Sector Undertakings

RSMC Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre

SOP Standard Operating Procedures

SSH Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale

SSTC Saffir-Simpson Tropical Cyclone

WMO World Meteorological Organization

List of Maps

III.1National Highways of India

III.2 Railway Network of India

III.3 Air Network in India

III.4 Major and Intermediate Ports in India

III.5 India Density of Population 2001

Chapter IV

IV.1 L0, L3 Activities

IV.2 SUBGROUP I - Water and ClimateRelated Hazards

IV.3 SUBGROUP II - Geologically RelatedHazards

IV.4 SUBGROUP III – Chemical, Industrial& Nuclear Related Disasters

IV.5 SUBGROUP IV– Accident RelatedDisasters

IV.6 SUBGROUP V – Biologically RelatedDisasters

IV.7 Flow Chart – Information

IV.8 Flow Chart – Command ofCoordination Activities for an L3Disaster

Chapter V

V.1Flow chart – Quick Response

V.2 Material/Manpower Flow chart of

LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS

Central Information and Arrival Centreat airport

V.3 Material/Manpower Flow chart ofInformation and Arrival Centre atAirport of Affected State

Chapter VI

VI.1 Flow chart of Organization (EOC)

VI.2 Flow chart of Organization (ICS)

VI.3 Flow chart – Overall Command

Chapter VII

VII.1 Primary and Support Agencies for ESF

VII.2 ESF1 - Public Health and Sanitation

VII.3 ESF2 - Communication

VII.4 ESF3 - Power

VII.5 ESF4 - Donation

VII.6 ESF 5 - Transport

VII.7 ESF 6 - Search and Rescue

VII.8 ESF 7 - Public Works and Engineering

VII.9 ESF 8 - Food

VII.10 ESF 9 - Information and Planning

VII.11 ESF 10 - Relief Supplies

VII.12 ESF 11 - Drinking Water

VII.13 ESF 12 - Shelter

VII.14 ESF 13 - Media

VII.15 ESF 14 - Helplines

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 11111

VISION OF THE DOCUMENT

The need for an effective disastermanagement strategy to lessen disasterimpact has increasingly been felt in manyquarters. Strengthening of organizationalstructure of disaster management andreorienting existing organisational andadministrative structures have been of primeconcern. To achieve these objectives, a HighPowered Committee (HPC) on DisasterManagement was constituted with theapproval of the Prime Minister under theChairmanship of Shri J. C. Pant, formerSecretary to the Government of India.

The original mandate of the HPC wasconfined to preparation of plans for naturaldisasters only. It was felt in deliberations ofHPC that man-made disasters also beincluded in the holistic approach forpreparation of plans, which was thenapproved by the Prime Minister.

The following document of the NationalDisaster Response Plan has been theoutcome of extensive consultations anddeliberations with all concerned ministries,and departments at the Centre. The HPChas also initiated the process of State and

1

The High Powered Committee on Disaster

Management has taken into account the

lessons and learning from past experiences and

the work of many international organizations

in the preparation of the National Disaster

Response Plan. In essence, the work of the

HPC has been twofold – bringing and

assimilating knowledge and, understanding

the commonalities of response actions by

learning from past experience.

Introduction

22222 NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

Strengthening oforganizationalstructure ofdisastermanagement andreorientingexistingorganisationalandadministrativestructures havebeen of primeconcern. Toachieve theseobjectives, aHigh PoweredCommittee(HPC) onDisasterManagementwas constitutedwith theapproval of thePrime Ministerunder theChairmanship ofShri J. C. Pant,former Secretaryto theGovernment ofIndia.

District plans in order to bring aboutcohesiveness and uniformity in theformulation of disaster plans in all states anddistricts all over the country.

It has also taken into account the workand learning of many international bodies,international agencies and DisasterManagement Plans of many other countries.The work of the the HPC for the preparationof the National Response Plan has been two-fold:

t Bringing together a wide range ofdisaster related readings and processesfrom all over the world and trying tounderstand the various systems ofresponse that have been implementedall over the world.

t Trying to understand the commonelement of response in order to bringout a well thought-out and plannedResponse Mechanism for our country.It has also taken into account the lessonslearnt from past experiences.

However, this has been the first attemptto assimilate and bring out a common planfor the Centre for at least the thirty-onedisasters identified by the High PoweredCommittee. It has a multihazard approachand incorporates the ‘Culture of QuickResponse’. The extensive consultations haveled to the emergence of many new conceptsfor the execution of the plan: Triggermechanisms that identify the sequence ofevents after a disaster and the L concept thatidentifies four levels of response, namely L0,L1, L2, L3 are just some of them. Althoughthe Centre plays a supportive role to Stategovernments, it has to be prepared for L3level of disasters and maintain closemonitoring of L2 as well as L1 disasters thataffect different parts of the country. It is alsorequired to keep itself updated on variousdisasters that have occurred all over theworld. Therefore, the approach to the planhas been to identify all common elementsof response. This acts as a base plan or a

generic/modular plan for all responseactivities. It provides a framework aroundwhich other agencies and departments canoutline their own activities for disasterresponse.

This plan will then be supplemented withspecific disaster plans to take into accountthe peculiar conditions that might arise dueto the specific disaster. However, thesespecific plans will have to be dealt with, indetail, in order to provide and account forall disasters in India.

Preparation and planning well in advancehave been reflected throughout the plan. Thechecklists and handbooks that will make thisplan operational have also been identified.Planning and preparation have been given alot of importance as it is better to be totallyprepared rather than go unprepared and addto the chaos at a disaster site.

EVOLUTION OF THE DOCUMENT

Vulnerability of the Indian sub-continenttowards disasters, both natural and man-made, is widely recognized. India isvulnerable to various natural disasters likefloods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes,landslides, avalanches, forest fires and thelike. Losses caused by disasters continue tomount year after year. The need for aneffective disaster management strategy tolessen disaster impact is increasingly beingfelt in many quarters and also forstrengthening of organizational structure fordisaster management. Alongwith, regularupdating of Codes/Manual/Disaster Plans ofthe states on the basis of experience gainedand technological developments should bedone. To achieve these objectives, a HighPowered Committee (HPC) on DisasterManagement Plans was constituted with theapproval of the Prime Minister under thechairmanship of Shri J. C. Pant, formerSecretary to the Government of India.

The original mandate of the HPC wasconfined to preparation of plans fornatural disasters only. It was felt in

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 33333

q

deliberations of HPC that man-madedisasters might also be included for theholistic approach for preparation ofplans, which was then approved by thePrime Minister.

The enhanced Terms of Reference Terms of Reference Terms of Reference Terms of Reference Terms of Reference ofthe HPC are as follows:

1. To review existing arrangements forpreparedness and mitigation of naturaland man-made disasters includingindustrial, nuclear, biological andchemical disasters,

2. Recommend measures forstrengthening organizational structures,and

3. Recommend a comprehensivemodel plan for management of thesedisasters at the National, State andDistrict levels.

There were some additionalconsiderations by HPC like forecasting andwarning systems, response mechanisms,development programmes, development ofhuman resources, public awareness, proactivemeasures, information technology,networking/coordinating, periodic updatingof building practices and codes, structuralmeasures, state-of-the-art Control Roomsand other matters.

APPROACH OF THE HPC TOWARDS

MANAGEMENT OF DISASTERS

The approach of the HPC is holistic, inlinewith the Yokohama strategy evolved duringthe International Decade of Natural DisasterReduction (IDNDR), i.e. planning forprevention, reduction, mitigation andpreparedness and thereafter response planto reduce the loss of lives and property dueto disasters.

Efforts of HPC are not to develop aplan de novo, but to build on whatexists at different levels and streamlinesuch bottlenecks as may be existingconsidering the very large number ofdisasters that occur in different partsof India.

It was felt that the generic categorizationof disasters would help in preparing disastermanagement plans. This genericcategorization of disasters is in no wayintended to disturb the handling of specificdisasters by various departments andministries at the Centre or the State levelaccording to existing rules of business of thegovernment. In fact, all conceivable disasterswould fall in one or the other of the fivesub-group categorizations as mentioned inthe course of this report.

ROLE OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT

t Monitoring and Support

t Knowledge Networking

t Documentation

t Financial Matters

t Evaluation

t Building up inventories

t Initiating Community Awarenessprogrammes

t Training of community cadres forresponse and relief operations througha participatory approach

t Generating awareness through mediaand workshops for students

This document of the National Responseplan only highlights the activities of‘immediate response’ for an L3 disaster.

METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 55555

The entire work of the High PoweredCommittee has been compiled into twomain documents:

I High Powered Committee Report

II National Disaster Response Plan

KEY ISSUES

In order to prepare a comprehensiveand cohesive response plan for theCentre, other important issues such asthe disaster profile, Government policiesand mitigation measures also haveto be taken into account. Theseissues have been dealt with, in detail,in the Recommendations within HPCReport.

Disaster Profile of India

The unique geo-climatic and socialcondition of India makes this regionparticularly vulnerable to disasters. Disastersoccur with unfailing regularity and despitebetter preparedness, the economic and socialcosts on account of these disasters are onthe increase each year. This section of theHPC Report consists of:

2

The National Disaster Response Plan has

evolved as a document that focuses only on

Response actions and provides links to other

documents necessary for the effective overall

management of disasters. The nature and

extremity of a disaster demand that a

separate plan has to be focused only on the

immediate quick response activities thereby

initiating a culture of Quick Response.

Methodology

66666 NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY

Detailedchecklists/forms forrelease ofequipment andmanpower andhandbooks forall personnel/ministries/agenciesinvolved in theimmediateresponseactivitiesrecommendedin the plan areintegral andimperative forthe completeandcomprehensiveview of theNDRP (NationalDisasterResponse Plan)document.

i) Past records

l Frequency

l Dates/Years

l Extent of damage

ii) Vulnerable areas of the country

l Macro-zonation according togeological setting.

l List of vulnerable states anddistricts according to specificdisasters.

l Percentage of vulnerability of thecountry in context to each disaster.

l Risk assessment according to thesocio/economic conditions of urbanand rural areas (metros, cities,towns, etc.)

National Policy on Disaster ManagementPlan

This section enumerates the policies thathave been developed for the managementplan in view of the lessons learnt fromprevious disasters. This includes policiesdeveloped for mitigation and preparedness.Apart from the National CalamityManagement Act, it makes a note of thepolicies suggested by the Tenth and theEleventh Finance Commission.

Mitigation/ Developmental Activities

This section forms an important part of theentire plan as the effectiveness of the responseactivities primarily depend upon thepreparedness achieved during non-disastertimes. In the past, the approach towardscoping with the effects of disaster has beenpost-disaster management mainly involvingactions like evacuation, search and rescue,rehabilitation, etc. Quite often theoccurrence of natural disasters used to berelegated to history till the next one occurred.IDNDR has effectively shifted the focus fromrescue and relief towards preparedness andmitigation. The damage due to disasters canbe minimised by the preparation of a

Preparedness plan. The L0 stage suggestedin the High Powered Committee interimreports will be utilised for all preparednessplans and activities. Section 4 of the plandeals with all national level L0 activities.

HOW TO USE THE DOCUMENT

This section of the National Response Plancontains the activities and responsibilities ofonly the ‘Immediate or Quick Response’.The document contains the procedures andformats for activities that need to be carriedout during an L3 disaster. Recommendedsupport documents specific to each disasterwill provide a modular character to thedocument. Detailed checklists, forms forrelease of equipment, manpower andhandbooks for all personnel/ministries/agencies involved in the immediate responseactivities recommended in the plan areintegral and imperative for the complete andcomprehensive view of the NRP (NationalResponse Plan) document. These supportdocuments will have to be specialised andtherefore will be developed by the respectiveministries/agencies.

ABOUT THE DOCUMENT

The response plan needs to outlineresponsibilities, response, activities and exactsequence of events to be followed after thedeclaration of an L3 disaster by supportingchecklists of responsibilities and actions,other handbooks and formats for thecomplete execution of the plan. Most of thechecklists and handbooks require detailedenlisting of specific tasks that will have tobe detailed out by respective agencies andministries depending upon the technicalnature of the task. In this document theresponse mechanisms, especially quickresponse mechanisms, have been outlinedalong with a listing of checklists, andhandbooks that will be required for thedetailed enumeration of each task as follow-

METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 77777

q

up actions to this plan. This documentbroadly contains the following L3 ResponseMechanisms:

t Point wise explanation of themechanisms and responsibilities ofeach concerned department (alongwith related handbooks ofresponsibilities)

t Graphical/Chart representation of themechanism

The following document only deals withthe ‘Response Plan’. The sections on profile,policies and mitigation activities for disastermanagement have been dealt with in briefin the High Powered Committee Report.

APPROACH APPROACH APPROACH APPROACH APPROACH NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 99999

3

Although the Centre plays a crucial role in

managing disasters it only plays a supportive

role to the State and District authorities.

The Centre has to maintain and

concentrate on monitoring, warning

activities and step into action when a

disaster situation exceeds the capacity of the

State authorities. In order to formalize and

give meaning to these procedures, new

concepts of Trigger Mechanism, L concept,

etc. have been developed as an integral part

of the National Disaster Response Plan.

Approach

NATIONAL RESPONSE APPROACH

Most of the disaster situations are to bemanaged at the State and District levels. TheCentre will play a supporting role andprovide assistance when the consequences ofa disaster exceed District and Statecapacities. The Centre will mobilise supportin terms of various emergency teams, supportpersonnel, specialized equipment andoperating facilities depending on the scaleof the disaster and the need of the State orDistrict.

Although active assistance to an affectedState/District will be provided only after thedeclaration of a national level disaster (L3),the National response mechanism has to beprepared and any impending State orDistrict disaster has to be monitored inorder to provide immediate assistancewhenever required. For this purpose theNational response mechanism has to be predefined in terms of process, relatedhandbooks, and checklists that will have tobe used during a disaster.

Legal Framework

There is no enactment either of the Unionor of any State Government to deal with the

1 01 01 01 01 0 NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP APPROACH APPROACH APPROACH APPROACH APPROACH

management of disasters of all types in acomprehensive manner. The Environment(Protection) Act, 1986 was passed for the‘protection and improvement ofenvironment and the prevention of hazardsto human beings, other living creatures,plants and property.’ The Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests prepared andpublished the Rules on ‘EmergencyPlanning, Preparedness and Response forChemical Accidents’ in 1996 only. Theserules pertain to toxic and hazardouschemicals, and provide a referencemechanism for the Central, State, Districtand Local levels.

The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991casts a responsibility on the owner of a unitproducing hazardous substance, as definedin the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986,to provide immediate relief where death orinjury to any person or damage to anyproperty results from any accident to theextent indicated in the Schedule to the Act.The owner has been required to make oneor more insurance policies so that theliability for providing relief is covered by apolicy.

In absence of an enactment, the HPChas prepared a “National CalamityManagement Act”; a draft of which hasbeen circulated to all the States as wellas all the concerned ministries of theGovernment of India for theircomments. The Act aims at ensuringefficiency and effective managementof natural and other calamities, forachieving greater coordination andresponsiveness with respect toprevention and mitigation of disastersas also to provide better relief andrehabilitation of victims of disasters.

The proposed National CalamityManagement Act envisages the formation ofa National Centre for Calamity Managementfor the purpose of effective management ofall disasters arising out of calamities.

A Committee to prepare a Model State

Disaster Management Act was constitutedby the HPC. This Committee had themandate to prepare the draft Act within twomonths’ time, under the chairmanship ofShri P.K. Mehrotra, Director General,Madhya Pradesh Academy ofAdministration, Bhopal. The Committeeperused disaster-related legislation in severalcountries such as the Robert T. StaffordDisaster Assistance and Emergency Relief Actof USA and decided to adopt relevant aspectssuitable to Indian conditions. TheCommittee also decided to take into accountavailable codes and relief manuals and therelevant Acts related to Disaster Managementin India in preparing the Model Act. TheCommittee met on two more occasions andfinalised the draft of the Model State DisasterManagement Act. A copy of this draft Actwas also circulated to the State ChiefSecretaries and Relief Commissioners of allStates and DGs of all State ATIs for theircomments, suggestions and further follow-up actions. It was submitted as part ofInterim Report I, was accepted by theCentral Government, and circulated to allChief Ministers.

Building Codes and Bye-Laws: Properconceptualization, risk evaluation, designing,construction and maintenance of houses andbuildings are all disaster reduction measures.Compliance to building guidelines and codescovering all aspects of disasters needs to beaddressed by building codes and bye-lawsand these need to be uniform as far aspossible. The situation warrants a highdegree of coordination between theorganisations involved in the formulation ofthe building codes and for the same, settingup of “Disaster Hazard Mitigation CodesCoordinating Group” is required thatwould look into the existing gaps and fillthem. It has been suggested that ‘BuildingCode Formulators and AdministratorsConference of India’ (BUCFAC) becreated to discuss common problems andconcerns and provide feedback on codeenforcement, implementation problems andgaps.

The concept ofTriggerMechanism hasbeenincorporated bythe HPC as anemergencyquick responsemechanism,which wouldspontaneouslyset the vehicleof managementinto motion onthe road todisastermitigation.

APPROACH APPROACH APPROACH APPROACH APPROACH NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 1 11 11 11 11 1

Building codes and standards need to bemade a part of the building byelaws andregulations thereby forcing developers,engineers, architects and engineers to adhereto them.

CONCEPTS USED IN THE DOCUMENT

Trigger Mechanism

Trigger mechanism is a concept that hasbeen developed in order to ensure thesmooth flow of response activities afterdisaster.

The concept of Trigger Mechanism hasbeen incorporated by the HPC as anemergency quick response mechanism,which would spontaneously set the vehicleof management into motion on the road todisaster mitigation process.

The Trigger Mechanism has beenenvisaged as a preparedness plan wherebythe receipt of a signal of an impendingdisaster would simultaneously energise andactivate the mechanism for response andmitigation without loss of crucial time. Thiswould entail all the participating managersto know in advance the task assigned tothem and the manner of response.Identification of available resources,including manpower, material, equipmentand adequate delegation of financial andadministrative powers are prerequisites tosuccessful operation of the TriggerMechanism.

The Trigger Mechanism is in essence, theStandard Operating Procedure (SOP) inwhich the implementation of efforts onground is well laid down. Activities such asevacuation, search and rescue, temporaryshelter, food, drinking water, clothing, healthand sanitation, communications,accessibility and public information, that areimportant components of disastermanagement, would follow on the activationof the Trigger Mechanism. These activitiesare common to all types of disasters andrequire sub-division and preparation of sub-

action plans by each specified authority.Each sub-group has been requested to workout the trigger mechanism relevant to theirgroup of disasters.

Trigger Mechanism requires the disastermanagers to:

t Evolve an effective signal/warningmechanism.

t Identify activities and their levels.

t Identify sub-activities under eachactivity/level of activity.

t Specify authorities for each level ofactivity and sub-activity.

t Determine the response time for eachactivity.

t Work out individual plans of eachspecified authority to achieve activationas per the response time.

t Have Quick Response Teams for eachspecified authority.

t Have alternative plans and contingencymeasures

t Provide appropriate administrative andfinancial delegation to make theresponse mechanism functionallyviable.

t Undergo preparedness drills.

To understand the concept of TriggerMechanism and incorporate it in the plansto be prepared by each sub-group, acommittee had been set up under theChairmanship of Shri M.K. Shukla, DirectorGeneral, Civil Defence, which included allfive Convenors of Sub-Groups, experts fromATIs and NCDM and Member Secretary,HPC. The sub committee has given itsrecommendations on which further follow-up action will be required.

L Concept

The L concept has been developed to definethe different levels of disaster in order tofacilitate the assistance to States, and theCentre. It has four levels, which are as follows:

L0 level denotes normal times which


will be utilized for close monitoring,documentation and preparatoryactivities. Training of search and rescueteams, rehearsals, evaluation andinventory updations for responseactivities will be carried out during thisperiod.

L1 level is denoted when the disastercan be managed at the District levelwhere the State and the Centre needto be on guard in case assistance isrequired for disaster relief operations.

L2 Level disaster situations are thosethat require assistance and activeparticipation of State resources formanagement of the disaster.

L3 level disaster situation arises in caseof large scale disasters that have anoticeable impact on a number ofdistricts or states and when the Stateand District authorities have beenoverwhelmed with the disaster andrequire assistance from the Centre forreinstating the State and Districtmachinery as well as rescue and reliefoperations.

Declaration of L3

In many cases the scale and intensity of thedisaster as determined by the technicalagency are sufficient for the declaration ofL3 disaster. The designated technicalagency/authority (IMD, etc.) has to pre-determine the parameters of intensity of eachdisaster by virtue of which it would bedeclared as L3, triggering off all necessaryand subsequent actions without priormeetings or notifications during the responsephase of a disaster situation.

Officially, the declaration of L3 will bethe responsibility of Central ReliefCommissioner for natural disasters inconsultation with the concerned ministries.

In spite of the declaration of L3, theactivities to be carried out by the Centre are

largely dependent on the capacity of theState authorities to manage the disaster.

The parameters for each disaster are to beset by the designated authority (IMD, etc.).It has been recommended that the concernedauthority should recommend a system forthe declaration of L3 that includes scientificparameters and the time for the declarationof an L3 event.

Alerts (Pre-event)

In case of any impending disaster for aspecific area, the District/State and theCenter need to initiate action as soon as thedesignated authority issues a warning. Incases where disaster warning is possible, theDistrict/State/Center can initiate pre-disaster preparedness activities immediatelyafter the warning is issued. In most situationsthe role of the Center would be to monitorpreparedness activities and send informationto the concerned central departments.However, the estimated scale and extent ofdamage is the determining factor for aDistrict, State or Center alert.


In disaster situations, effective utilization ofresources can be ensured if the conditions ofthe disaster are assessed and taken intoconsideration during the planning phase.Disasters cause loss of property, injury anddisruption of normal life and have an impacton social and physical infrastructure.

The extent of casualties and damage willreflect factors such as the time of occurrence,severity of impact, weather conditions,population density, building constructionsand possible triggering of secondary eventssuch as fires and floods. When planning aresponse for disasters, these assumptions canbenefit in planning effective response forcrisis situation.

Primary and Secondary Agencies

The designated primary agency, acting as the


Central agency will be assisted by one ormore support agencies (secondary agencies)and will be responsible for managing theactivities of the ESF (Emergency SupportFunctions) and ensuring that the mission isaccomplished. The primary and secondaryagencies have the authority to executeresponse operations to directly support theState needs.


During the period immediately following amajor disaster or emergency requiringcentral response, primary agencies whendirected by NCCM will take actions toidentify requirements and mobilise anddeploy resources to the affected area to assistthe State in its response actions underfourteen ESFs (Emergency SupportFunctions). Each ESF is headed by aprimary agency, which has been selectedbased on its authorities, resources andcapabilities to support the functional area.

The ESF will coordinate directly withtheir functional counterpart State agenciesto provide the assistance required by thestate.

Request for assistance will be channelledfrom the District level through thedesignated State agencies for action. Basedon the state identified responserequirements, appropriate central responseassistance will be provided by an ESF to theState or at the State’s request, directly to anaffected area.

Situation Reports

A situation report provides an update ofrelief operation at regular intervals. Thesereports are crucial for planning out responseactions to the affected areas. Situation reportsare required to be issued at the Centrethrough the Nodal Ministry, Ministry ofAgriculture – EOC/NDM Control Room,provides these reports as well to the state

through the concerned department. Thesereports are an important means ofcommunication between the concernedofficials at the State and the Centre. Theintervals of the reports are determinedaccording to situation needs and at thediscertion of the CRC. The situation reportsprovide information on the following:

t Disaster status

- Weather condition (whichdetermine relief operation)

- Name and number of affecteddistricts

- Affected area (population, no. ofvillages, no. of gram panchayats,blocks, urban local bodies)

t Casualties

- Types of casualties according to thespecific disaster

- First Aid

- Communication andinfrastructure status (each ESFaccording to the checklist)

- Operational status of airport, port,railways, national highways andstate roads and other nodal points

t Status of flow of relief materials

- Food and materials

- Through air droppings

- Through surface transport (ship,road)

- Through rail

- Medical and health

t Arrivals/Departure of teams

- Central team

- International team

- Defence deployment

- Central forces

Quick Response Teams

The quick response teams at the Centreshould leave for the affected site within six


hours of the event after the declaration ofL3. They have to be adequately briefed bytheir respective department heads andCentral Relief Commissioner. The teamsshould be self-sufficient in terms of their ownsurvival kit and for the disaster responsework.These teams should be all-hazard teamsthat are prepared for all disasters. The teamscan be divided into two broad categories:

t Assessment teams

t Medical Response teams

1. National Quick Assessment Teams

Assessment and prioritisation ofresponse activities requires pre-conditioning and skills to managedisaster situations effectively.Therefore there is a need forspecialised teams that can work duringcrisis situations. These teams will haveto be trained to handle multiple hazardsand specialised equipment. The threeprimary groups for quick assessmentare:

Quick Damage Assessment teams,Medical Response teams and Searchand Rescue teams

Quick Damage Assessment teams

t Consist of four groups – JointSecretaries, Area Officers, TechnicalOfficers, Medical Officers

a. Joint Secretaries from theconcerned ministries - Assessmentof situation

b. Area Officers of the State - To assessand then, if required, to assist/supplement local administrationneeds

c. Pool of Technical Officers

c.1. Disaster Assessment Team –Power

c.2. Disaster Assessment Team –Telecom

d. Disaster Medical AssessmentTeam

2. Quick Response Teams

Medical Response

a. Medical first (aid) response

b. Disaster Mortuary Assessmentteam

Search and Rescue and other teams

a. Urban search and rescue

b. Collapsed structure search and rescue

c. Specialised sniffer dog teams

Quick Response for Rescue and Relief inMajor Disasters

In situations such as the Orissa cyclone andBhuj earthquake, the Central Governmenthas to respond appropriately at the earliest.To meet situations like this, perhaps theremay be a need to institutionalize a StandingCommittee of a Group of Ministers,comprising Ministers from the Ministries ofDefence, Health, Agriculture, Railways,Surface Transport, Power, etc., to be chairedby the Home Minister. This Group ofMinisters would have the benefit of thepresence of the Cabinet Secretary, the threeChiefs of Staff (Army, Air Force and Navy),Secretaries of concerned Departments andall DGs of Paramilitary forces.

Special Disaster Relief Unit may belocated in the Home Ministry under thecharge of a Secretary level officer who wouldbe the Secretary to the Group of Ministersreferred to above. The committee is of theview that all the Armed Forces should havea dedicated component of personnel andequipment at the battalion level for disastermanagement.

The five Army Commands may have fullyequipped centres in the five command regionsat appropriate locations, which may haveheavy equipment necessary to carry out reliefand rescue activities in the region at shortnotice, with trained personnel to operatethem. The details of such a set-up would beworked out in due course for incorporationinto the Disaster Management Plan in


consultation with the Ministry of HomeAffairs and the Ministry of Defence. Anappropriate organizational set-up at the statelevel to cope with incoming relief and rescuemeasures is an urgent necessity, so that indisaster situations of colossal magnitudes, notime is lost in directing incoming relief andrescue measures to the exact locations wherethey are required. This too would be workedout and incorporated in the DisasterManagement Plan in due course.

Special Emphasis (Policies for the sameto be covered in Section II)

t Building bye-laws for each disaster

t Minimum standards and layouts forEOC relief camps and SOPs for thesame

t Insurance policies for disasters

t Facilities in disaster situations forwomen, children and physicallychallenged

t Provision of maps and integration ofGIS in the response plan

Emergency Operations Centre

In a disaster situation, variable factors ofintensity, affected population and severityof damage need to be quickly assessed basedon which government agencies can allocateand deploy relief. Therefore, in the absenceof normal circumstances, an EmergencyOperation Centre becomes a nodal point forthe overall coordination and control of reliefwork. In case of an L3 disaster EOCs at theCentre, State and District have to beactivated. The primary function of theseEOCs is to facilitate smooth inflow and out-flow of relief and other disaster responserelated activities. These EOCs act as bridgesbetween the Centre, State and District. TheEOCs have to be equipped with state-of-the-art communication technology and aGIS enabled system for quick and effectivedecision making. The structure in whichEOCs are housed should also be disaster-resistant as far as possible. The EOC

Incharge who has had substantial expertisein the area of disaster management and isfamiliar with the area of disaster should headthe EOC. Since the EOC functions andactivities require quick and spot decisions,the EOC equipment as well as manpower isrequired to be periodically evaluated andtested. Therefore the core nucleus of theEOC will remain functional throughout theyear.

Incident Command System

The Incident Command System was firstestablished in 1970 after a wild fire outbreakin Southern California. Since then it has beenwidely accepted and adapted in many otherstates of America and now in many otherparts of the world too. The IncidentCommand System can also be effectivelyadapted to the Indian system of disasterresponse as it is a model tool for command,coordination and use of resources at the siteof the incident. It is based onthe management and direction toolsthat experts and managers are alreadyaware of. The Incident Command Systemhas considerable flexibility and can grow orshrink to meet different needs. Thismakes it a very cost-effective and efficientmanagement system. The system can beapplied to a wide variety of disastersituations. The organization of theIncident Command System is builtaround five major management activities.They are:

Command

t Sets objectives and priorities

t Has overall responsibility of theincident or event

Operations

t Conducts tactical operations to carryout the plan

t Develops tactical objectives

t Organization

t Directs all resources

In the absenceof normalcircumstances,an EmergencyOperationCentre becomesa nodal pointfor the overallcoordinationand control ofrelief work. Incase of an L3disaster, EOCsat the Centre,State andDistrict have tobe activated.The primaryfunction ofthese EOCs isto facilitatesmooth inflowand outflow ofrelief and otherdisasterresponserelatedactivities.


Planning

t Develops the action plan to accomplishthe objectives

t Collects and evaluates information

t Maintains resource status

Logistics

t Provides support to meet incident needs

t Provides resources and all otherservices needed to support theincident

Finance/Administration

t Monitors costs related to incident

t Provides accounting

t Procurement Time

t Recording cost analyses

DISASTER SPECIFIC APPROACH TO

RESPONSE ACTIONS

All activities at the level of the Ministry ofAgriculture, the Crisis Management Groupand other ministries under the head ofEmergency Support Functions shouldaddress all aspects of the thirty one disastersidentified by the HPC. The following chartbroadly summarizes the activities forresponse actions to a disaster and the

L0Activities

L 3VariableActivities

Training, Dry Drills, InventoryPreparation, Awareness Activities,

Preparation of Handbooks andChecklists, Maintain EOC at L0

Activity

Warning WQuick Assessment QSearch and Rescue SMedical Assistance MARestoration Work RWRelief RMonitoring MDeactivation D

ACTIVITIES FOR RESPONSE ACTIONS TO A DISASTERACTIVITIES FOR RESPONSE ACTIONS TO A DISASTERACTIVITIES FOR RESPONSE ACTIONS TO A DISASTERACTIVITIES FOR RESPONSE ACTIONS TO A DISASTERACTIVITIES FOR RESPONSE ACTIONS TO A DISASTER


III. 2 SUBGROUP I - WATER AND CLIMATE RELATED HAZARDS

Disasters L0 Concept of operation during L3

W Q S MA RW R M D

Floods and • • • • • • • • •DrainageManagement

CyclonesTornadoesHurricanes • • • • • • • • •

HailstormCloud burstSnow AvalanchesHeat & Cold WavesThunder & Lightning • • • • • • • • •

Sea Erosion • • • • •

Droughts • • • • • •

III. 3 SUBGROUP II - GEOLOGICALLY RELATED HAZARDS

Disasters L0 Concept of operation during L3W Q S MA RW R M D

Earthquakes • • • • • • • •

Landslides • • • • • • • •Mudflows

Soil Erosion • • • •

Dam Bursts & • • • • • • • •Dam Failures

Mine Fires • • • • • • • •

III. 4 SUBGROUP III � CHEMICAL, INDUSTRIAL & NUCLEAR RELATED DISASTERS


W Q S MA RW R M D

Chemical and • • • • • • • •Industrial Disasters

Nuclear Disasters • • • • • • • •

• Activities to be UndertakenLEGENDNo activity


III. 5 SUBGROUP IV� ACCIDENT RELATED DISASTERS


W Q S MA RW R M D

Road, Rail and other • • • • • • • •Transportation accidentsincluding Waterways

Mine Flooding • • • • • • • •

Major Building Collapse • • • • • • • •

Serial Bomb Blasts • • • • • • • .

Festival related Disasters • • • • • • • •

Urban Fires • • • • • • • •

Mine Flooding • • • • • • • •

Oil Spill • • • • • • • •

Village Fires • • • • • • • •

Boat Capsizing • • • • • • • •

Forest Fires • • • • • • • •

Electrical Disasters & Fires • • • • • • • •

III. 6 SUBGROUP V � BIOLOGICALLY RELATED DISASTERS


W Q S MA RW R M D

Biological Disasters • • • • • • •

Epidemics • • • • • • •

Food Poisoning • • • • • • •

Cattle Epidemics/ • • • • • • •Pest Attacks


subsequent charts mark out the activities foreach disaster under each sub-group.

Concept of Operation for an L3 Disasterat the Centre

1. Flow Chart – Information

The effective management of an L3disaster largely depends upon the

coordination and proper flow of informationthrough specialised channels and networks.After the declaration of an L3 disaster,NCMC, in consultation with the technicalsupport of IMD for natural disasters andrespective nodal agencies for other disasters,becomes instrumental in mobilizing anationwide support and network. The samehas been shown in the chart below:

CabinetCabinetCabinetCabinetCabinet

National Crisis Management Committee (NCMC)chaired by Cabinet Secretary

- Secretary of the Concerned Ministry

Cabinet Committee on Disaster Management(Empowered Group of Ministers)All Party National

Committee onDisasterManagement

Working Group onDisaster Management

1 2 3 4 5

Battalions for Five Zones

Ministry of Disaster Management

CMG

Information Coordination

Finance

Operations

Facility Management

ESFsOtherStates

Crisis State

CentralEOC Responsibilities

CRC

IMD

III.7III.7III.7III.7III.7


IncidentCommand

IncidentCommand

IncidentCommand

Flow Chart – Command of CoordinationActivities for an L3 Disaster

The execution of response and relief activitiesshould follow a systematic and well laid outaction plan that ensures a bottom-upapproach. The Incident Commanders takethe most crucial and key decisions at thedisaster, as they are aware of the groundrealities. The District, State andsubsequently the National EOC act asfacilitators and overall agents of prioritisingand mobilising resources from external

sources in order to meet the demands ofeach incident command. The incidentcommands are headed by officers/personnel who are experienced and havethe following broad qualifications

t Considerable experience in the fieldof disaster management especiallyin the specific disaster that hasoccurred.

t Have spent a few years in the fieldof disasters and are familiar withthe physical as well as

EOC – StateEOC – StateEOC – StateEOC – StateEOC – StateState Chief Incharge

EOC – CentreEOC – CentreEOC – CentreEOC – CentreEOC – CentreCentre Chief Incharge

EOC – DistrictEOC – DistrictEOC – DistrictEOC – DistrictEOC – DistrictDistrict Chief Incharge

III.8

CO

NS

TA

NT

and

OP

ER

AT

ION

AL

all y

ear r

ound

Var

iable

acco

rding

to

Inte

nsity

an

d N

eed


q

administrative set-up of the disasteraffected area.

EMERGENCY INFORMATION DISKNET

The ESF (Emergency Support Function) onInformation and Planning should maintaina database of all disaster related informationin the form of a GIS enabled ‘Disknet’ thatwill allow easy access and retrieval ofinformation during a disaster. The Disknetwill be the hub /storage point for activitiesthat should be carried out for responseactivities and at the same time continue toupdate itself during the L0 phase. It wouldenable and speed up the transfer of digital

information and prepare a mammothknowledge base that can be tapped forassistance during a disaster. The database atthe Centre can be linked with nodalknowledge institutions for various disasters.These institutions, in turn, can be linked tothe State Level and subsequently the locallevel information institutions in order toform a well-networked countrywide database.

During the response phase of a disaster,all EOCs and each ESF can be directly linkedto the disknet in order to access and knowthe status of relief and other requirementsthroughout the country.

MAPS MAPS MAPS MAPS MAPS NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 2 32 32 32 32 3

VULNERABILITY MAPS

Natural and man-made hazards continue tooccur in our life and if not properly managedhazards tend to become disasters. To avoidhazards turning into disasters and containdamages caused by them, a pre-disasterproactive approach consisting of prevention,reduction and mitigation is called for. Afterthe occurrence of the disaster, a post-disasterreactive approach for relief and rehabilitationis required to be taken up speedily forreducing misery and suffering of the affectedpeople.

The planning and implementation ofthese works – prevention, reduction,mitigation, relief and rehabilitationrequire the following:

1. Precision Maps with

a. Spatial Data and

b. Non-Spatial Data

2. Identification of activities,agencies, resources and funds forcarrying out the works

3. Implementation and Monitoring atall stages

(L0, L1, L2, L3)

4

Maps play a crucial role in identifying

vulnerable and high-risk areas in the

country. Specialised maps that can assist in

the identification and planning of response

activities have to be further developed.

These maps, when integrated with a

knowledge network with GIS (Geographic

Information System) will become an

important decision-making tool in the hands

of disaster managers.

Maps

2 42 42 42 42 4 NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP MAPS MAPS MAPS MAPS MAPS

The requirement of Topographical andThematic Maps, Database – Spatial andNon-Spatial for various types of identifieddisasters have been described.

The following maps will be helpful duringthe response stage:

t Road maps of India along withmetalled and unmetalled roads (Surveyof India-Toposheets, respectiveministry of each State, Ministry ofSurface Transport)

t Railway map (Ministry of Railways) forlocation of Rescue and Relief trains

t Important Airports and Aerodromes inIndia (Ministry of Civil Aviation,Airport Authority of India, Ministryof Defence)

t Location of Public Sector Units (PSUs)(Ministry of Heavy Industries andPublic Enterprises)

t Location of major hospitals andprimary health centres

t Location of civil defence installations

t Location of the relief material storagesite and the state EOC

t Advanced Information Technologyinstallations

t Government sites that can be used asshelter points, relief camps anddonation management activities

Apart from these maps, the vulnerabilitymaps prepared by BMTPC and NATMOcan provide basic maps identifying nationalhighways and air and rail routes. These areessential to identifying key areas related todamage and the available facility for rescueand relief and accessibility during a disaster.

Currently, guidelines exist for thepreparation and use of maps. All the existingmaps and the new ones as recommendedmust be digitised so as to permit the use ofGIS for planning, prevention, reduction,mitigation, relief and rehabilitation works,in addition to constant monitoring of allactivities at various stages. The followingmaps given below can be primary base mapsfor disaster response. These maps can befurther enriched with various theme-basedlayers, which can be dynamically viewed ina GIS environment.

t National Highways of India

t Railway Network of India

t Air Network of India

t Major and intermediate Ports inIndia

t Population Density Map of India


Base Map No.1. IV.1

This map contains country capital, other towns and national highways. This map could beadded with the following theme-based layers:

t Public sector units

t Large scale chemical factories (Ministry of Environment and Forests)

t National monuments

t Defence installations

t Locations of State bus terminals

t Inter-State road entry points

t Topologies/Hill roads

t State EOC location

* Some of the maps have been taken from the site www.mapsofindia.com. We thank them for their co-operation.


Base Map No. 2 IV.2

This map identifies all the zonal railway routes of India, the important railway stations andterminals. It can also identify the following:

t Location of relief trains

t Railway bridges and tunnels

t Location of Heavy Industries

t Train schedules and frequencies

t Major terminals

t Location of broad gauge and meter gauge tracks



Base Map No. 3 IV.3

This map identifies air routes, airports and international airports in the country. It can alsoidentify:

t Air force stations

t Helipads

t Defence installations

t Communication facilities (Air Traffic control rooms, etc.)

t Aircraft strengths and types

t Air control radius of each station/airport



Base Map No. 4 IV.4

This map identifies the major seaports. It can also be used to show:

t Warehouses/Storage yards

t Dockyards and dock capacities

t Forecasting facilities

t Coastguard stations and navigation routes

t Tides

t Location of heavy industries in the vicinity of a coast

t Interlinking inland waterways


Majore Seaports

Intermediate Ports


This map identifies population densities according to the 2001 census. It can also show:

t Various languages

t Age-sex composition

t Socio-economic characteristics

t Rural-urban distribution


t Education

t Percentage decadal growth

t Health Index

Base Map No. 5 IV.5


In the conventional method, maps arevery precise and accurate but the timerequired for their preparation is morecompared to the available modern methodsmentioned later. While the baseline mapsmust be done by conventional methods,their updating and revision can be plannedwith the other one. This combination will

give quick results and also be cost-effective.The method to be adopted will depend uponthe actual area to be surveyed and the purposeof survey, whether new map or revised map,the time required for completion and qualityof the product in relation to the purpose andthe availability of funds.




QUICK RESPONSE QUICK RESPONSE QUICK RESPONSE QUICK RESPONSE QUICK RESPONSE NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 3 53 53 53 53 5

QUICK RESPONSE FLOW CHART

All activities that are important to be a partof the quick response mechanism mustadhere to the following sequence of events:

In case of any disaster the CMG Meetingand assessment of the situation either afterthe disaster or after the alert stage is the nextstep. However, after the meeting and afterthe assessment there could be three possiblescenarios according to the disaster, whichwill lead to further action of an L3declaration, further monitoring or if thedisaster is well within the control of the Statedepartments, can lead to deactivation. Thechart (V.1) below summarizes the activitiesof quick response.

The quick response mechanism is greatlyor largely dependent on the preparation thathas been done during the L0 phase and howwell equipped and prepared the disaster teamis. Therefore, in order to provide maximumresponse during the initial phase of a disaster,it is imperative to maintain a calendar of drydrills and constant equipment checksthroughout the year.

The quick response mechanism begins

5

Precise actions, procedures and

responsibilities have to be laid down well in

advance in order to ensure timely response

in case of any disaster. Therefore, a

mechanism that takes into account multiple

hazards and basic preparedness has to be

articulated in the form of Quick Response

Teams, Quick Assessment Teams, Reporting

Procedures, Checklists and Handbooks. The

mechanism also lays down crucial parameters

,requirements and organizational

composition of Emergency Operations

Centres and Incident Command Systems.

QuickResponse

3 63 63 63 63 6 NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP QUICK RESPONSE QUICK RESPONSE QUICK RESPONSE QUICK RESPONSE QUICK RESPONSE

with a pre-disaster warning during the alertstage. This may not be feasible in cases wherea reasonable warning may not be possiblesuch as earthquakes and flash floods oraccident related disasters.

PRE-DISASTER WARNING AND ALERTS

Case I - Warning

Onset of disaster is indicated throughforecasting, and the information should becommunicated to the community likely tobe affected through a warning system.

[Indiscriminate warning may result in

non-responsiveness of the people. It istherefore necessary that with respect to everydisaster, a responsible officer is designatedto issue the warning].

Disasters for which adequate warning ispossible include floods, droughts, cyclones,heat and cold waves, pest attacks, epidemics,industrial and chemical disasters, fires, andlandslides.

Agencies authorised to issue warningAt the National Level, the designatedauthority is solely responsible to issue thewarning.

Disasters Agencies

Earthquakes Indian Meteorological Department

Floods Indian Meteorological Department

Adverse climatic conditions & Cyclones Indian Meteorological Department

Epidemics Public Health Department

Road accidents Police

Industrial and chemical disaster Industry, Police, (Designated Agency)

Landslides Indian Meteorological Department

Fires Fire Brigade, Police

L3DECLARATION

FIRST 24HOURS

FIRST 48HOURS

FURTHERMONITORING CONTINUED

RESPONSE

DEACTIVATION

PREPAREDNESSACTIVITIES OF L0

PHASE

DISASTERS

NCMC/CMGPLANNING

ANDASSESSMENT

V.1V.1V.1V.1V.1


As soon as the warning has been issuedthe District/State level machinery should getinto the act of response through detailedpreparation of the following:

Important Elements of Warning

The following aspects may be considered fordissemination of warning:

t Dissemination of warning to commonpeople. This system may range fromalarms (fires), sirens (industrialdisaster), to public announcementsystems like radio, television, loudspeakers, hoisting of flags (cyclones,floods, and landslides).

t Once the warning is issued, it shouldbe followed up with subsequentwarnings in order to keep the peopleinformed of the latest situation.

t Evacuation.

t Stand-by material resources.

t Stand-by human resources.

t Updated inventories.

t Updated communication system.

t Designation of an IncidentCommander.

Planning assumptions

t Amount of time needed for evacuationwill depend on the nature and intensityof the disaster.

t If the event can be monitored, such asa cyclone, the authorities would havea day or two to get ready.

Factors

t Shelter sites should be within one hourwalk and within 5 km of dwellings.

t Alternate routes are to be planned incase of flood.

t All evacuations should be reported tothe District Collector and theSuperintendent of Police prior to theevacuation.

t For appropriate security and law andorder, evacuation should be carried outwith assistance from communityleaders and NGOs.

- Care should be taken such that theevacuation routes are not blocked.

- Always evacuate the entire familytogether as a unit.

- In view of inadequate transport orlimited time, encouragecommunity emergency evacuationin the following order:

1. Seriously injured and sick

2. Children, women andphysically challenged

3. Old

Emergency evacuations

t Checklists should be issued forevacuation for each family in vulnerableareas.

Evacuation of marooned persons

t Evacuation must be carried out within

the shortest possible time.

t The marooned persons must be

transferred to the transit camps.

t Emergency transport for the seriously

injured by appropriate means such as

speed boats etc should be ensured.

t A senior medical officer should

accompany the rescue team.

t Water and food supply should beaccording to the “Standards of Food”on the lines recommended by“SPHERE”

Standards to be developed for evacua-tion during alerts

t Manual for evacuation

t Factors to be considered for evacuation

t Standards for Food


DISASTER SPECIFIC WARNINGS

Tropical Cyclones

Severe tropical cyclones are responsible forlarge casualties and considerable damage toproperty and agricultural crop. Thedestruction is confined to coastal districts,and the maximum destruction being within100 km from the centre of the cyclones andon the right side of the storm track.Principal dangers from a cyclone are:

I. Very strong winds

II. Torrential rains

III. High storm tides

The following section exemplifies thewarning systems in India for tropicalcyclones.

Cyclone Warning System In India

The Indian Meteorological Department(IMD) is responsible for providing tropicalcyclone warnings in India. The tropicalcyclone warning service is one of the mostimportant functions of the IMD and it wasthe first service undertaken by theDepartment, which is now 125 years old.In fact, the cyclone warning system startedin India (which included at that time othercountries of the sub-continent) in a nominalway in as early as 1865 but was notsupported by adequate meteorologicalobservation and analysis capabilities at thattime. With time, the cyclone warningservices of IMD have continuously beenupdated and today, it is one among themodern cyclone warning services in theworld. Details of cyclone warning systemin India are available in the Cyclone Manual(IMD, 1979, updated time to time) and alsoWMO TCP report No. 21, 26 and 28(Mandal, 1991).

Organization

The Indian Meteorological Department hasa well established organizational set-up forobserving, detecting, tracking and

forecasting cyclones and issuing cyclonewarnings whenever a cyclone develops in theBay of Bengal or the Arabian Sea. Cyclonewarnings are provided through three AreaCyclone Warning Centres (ACWCs), locatedat Kolkatta, Mumbai and Chennai and threeCyclone Warning Centres (CWCs) atBhubaneshwar, Vishakapatnam, andAhmedabad. These centres have distinctresponsibilities area wise covering both theeast and west coasts of India and the oceanicareas of the Bay of Bengal and the ArabianSea, including Andaman and NicobarIslands and Lakshadweep. The cyclonewarning bulletins are issued to All IndiaRadio and Doordarshan for broadcast/telecast in different languages. On an AllIndia basis such warnings are issued to AllIndia Radio and Doordarshan, New Delhifrom the Cyclone Warning Division at HQoffice where RSMC-Tropical Cyclones, NewDelhi is co-located. IMD, through its HQoffice at New Delhi provides cycloneinformation to the Control Room and CrisisManagement Group set up in the Ministryof Agriculture, Government of India whichis finally responsible for co-ordinatingactions of various other Central GovernmentAgencies for taking effective disastermitigation measures. Cyclone WarningDivision at New Delhi also caters to the needof international requirements such as issueof Tropical Weather Outlook and CycloneAdvisories to its neighbouring countrieswhich are members of the WMO/ESCAPPanel on Tropical Cyclones. Considering thecyclone warning capabilities of IMD, NewDelhi has been designated as RegionalSpecialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC)by WMO which is one among six suchcentres in the world trusted with cyclonewarning services for their area ofresponsibility. The entire cyclone warningwork is coordinated by the Deputy DirectorGeneral of Meteorology (WeatherForecasting) at Pune and Deputy DirectorGeneral of Meteorology (Cyclone Warning)at New Delhi.


Forecasts

Cyclone warnings are not issued beforetwenty four hours anywhere in the world.Sudden changes in track or intensity oftengo undetected. Anomalous cyclones, likelooping cyclone, though a least probableevent, are difficult to predict. Therefore,disaster planning and management strategyhas to take into account such limitations.Means must be kept ready to evacuate a largenumber of people at short notice, even ininclement weather.

Tropical cyclone warnings

The bulletins and warnings issued inconnection with tropical cyclone in Indiamay be divided into the following broadcategories:

(i) Warning bulletins for shipping on thehigh seas,

(ii) Warning bulletins for ships plying inthe coastal waters,

(iii) Port warnings,

(iv) Fisheries warnings,

(v) Warnings for the State and CentralGovernment officials (two stagewarnings),

(vi) Warnings for recipients who areregistered with the department(Album page warnees),

(vii) Aviation,

(viii) Warnings for the general public,

(ix) Farmer’s Weather Bulletin.

Cyclone Advisories

Information concerning tropical cyclonesand warnings is included in the cycloneadvisory/cyclone warning bulletins.Normally during the alert stage, one advisoryevery six hours may be sufficient. However,in the case of a sudden change in intensityand path, special bulletins are issued at anytime. When the cyclone is close to the coast,the advisories are issued at more frequent

intervals. Normally, the following items areincluded in a cyclone advisory:

t Advisory heading (date, time, name oridentification of the cyclone, name ofthe forecasting office and type of themessage).

t Location (bearing and distance of thecentre of the cyclone fromsome important city in the area whereit is expected to make landfall),present direction, movement andspeed.

t Indication of the cyclone’s currentintensity in terms of wind speed andcentral pressure

t Forecast movement of the centre

t Landfall point and landfall time (ifclose to the coast, from warning stageonwards).

t Forecast weather- that is, maximumwind speed, heavy rainfall areas, heightof the storm surge and areas likely tobe affected.

t Advisory for evacuation (Optional).

t Cautionary advices to the ports andsmall craft.

t Advice to fishermen.

t Time and source of next advisorybulletin.

In India and in many countries, inaddition to the information regarding windspeed, its effect on coastal area is alsomentioned in the cyclone advisory bulletins.For this the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale(SSH), modified to suit local conditions, isemployed. The language of the advisory maydiffer for different groups being warned tothe extent that the advice pertinent to eachgroup may be different although generalinformation regarding the cycloneposition, intensity, expected direction ofmovement and speed, etc., remains thesame. For example, advice contained inwarning issued to ports or near and offshore


activities may not be pertinent to inlandactivities.

Example of Cyclone Warning Bulletins

TTT Cyclone warning Bay of Bengal 040300utc. Ships observations absent. But believecyclonic storm with estimated centralpressure 992 hpa west central bay centredwithin half degree latitude fifteen degreenorth longitude eight and half degrees eastmoving north-west at eight knots. Affectingan area extending two hundred nauticalmiles wind force 37 knots, occasionallyincreasing to 47 knots in central bay to adistance of 100 nautical miles from centre.

May intensify and recurve northwards duringnext 24 hours.

Tropical Cyclone Bulletins to All IndiaRadio (AIR) for Broadcast.

In general, weather bulletins are issued bythe meteorological offices to the AIR stationsfor broadcast in the midday transmissions.Areas covered by the bulletins are the areasserved by the respective AIR stations. Thesebulletins include (i) a summary of the pastweather, (ii) special weather warnings forpublic services such as the Public WorksDepartment, Irrigation, P & T, Railways,etc., and (iii) a general forecast includingwarnings. (ii) and (iii) are valid until themorning of the second day. The summaryof weather includes information abouttropical cyclone and depressions affecting thearea. The centre of the system is includedwith reference to the nearest well-knownplace, latitude and longitude. Warnings inbulletins once included are repeated in thesubsequent daily bulletins also as long asadverse weather is anticipated. In addition,

meteorological centres in the maritime Statesinclude suitable warnings for fishermen.These general bulletins are broadcast at afixed time at midday by the AIR stationsand are intended to meet the requirementsof the public in general and the needs ofvarious categories of officials in particular.

In addition, special AIR bulletinscontaining cyclone alert messages issued 48hours prior to the commencement of theadverse weather and tropical cyclone warningmessages issued 24 hours prior to thecommencement of the adverse weather in thecoastal areas due to an approaching tropicalcyclone are broadcast. These broadcasts are

meant to alert the agencies entrusted withthe responsibility of carrying out cyclonepreparedness works and also the generalpublic.

The coastal districts likely to be affectedby the storm are mentioned in the firstsentence of the bulletins and the same isrepeated again at the end of the bulletin.The type of damage likely to be caused bystrong winds of various magnitudes alongwith the expected wind speed is included.For the purpose of indicating the type ofdamage, the help of the table given above istaken. These bulletins are serially numbered.

Note: The above stages are being revisedto include more steps above 120 km/h in asimilar line as is being used in USA. USAuses Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale (SSHscale), which consists of five stages(categories), to indicate expected damage.According to SSH scale, the category I stormis the weakest hurricane (64-82 knots) andcategory 5 is the strongest (with 135 knotsor more). Recently Charles Guard and MarkLander have suggested modification to the

Expected wind speed Expected damage

6-90 km/h Tree branches broken off; so damage to Kutcha houses

90-120 km/h Trees uprooted, Pucca houses damages, communications disrupted

Above 120 km/h Big trees uprooted; widespread damage to houses and installations.Total disruption of communications


scale named as Saffir-Simpson TropicalCyclone Scale (STCS).

The height of the storm surge is includedin the bulletin in meters and it representsheight above the normal tide level.

Example

Very severe cyclonic storm (vscs) situated at18 1200 utc about 250 km south east ofOngole likely to strike coast between Ongoleand Machilipatnam in the next 12 to 24hours.

Cyclone bulletin no ———issued bycyclone warning centre ——at ——hrs ISTof ———(date) for repeated broadcast aaacyclone warning for Nellore, Prakasam,Guntur, Krishna, west and east Godavari andVisakhapatnam districts aaa very severecyclonic storm (vscs) located about 250 kmsouth east of ongole near lat ———n, long———e this evening aaa expected strikecoast between Ongole and Machilipatnamby midday saturday nineteenth aaa strongwinds reaching 150 kmph uprooting bigtrees and causing widespread damage tohouses and installations and total disruptionof communications likely Prakasam,Guntur, Krishna and west Godavari districtsfrom saturday early morning aaa tidal wavesfive meters above normal tide likely inundatecoastal areas these districts midday saturdayat the time of cyclone crossing coast aaavery heavy rain likely cause floods in theseand Nelore, east Godavari andVisakhapatnam districts aaa “state of sealikely to be phenomenal” aaa fishermen arenot to go out in the sea aaa. Information

about storm warning signals is also includedaaa above warning is for Nellore, Prakasam,Guntur, Krishna, west and east Godavari andVisakhapatnam districts.

These bulletins are generally issued at thetime of each sea area bulletin. The frequencyof the bulletin can be raised when thetropical storm is tracked with the help ofradar and previous warnings issued needmodification.

A third set of bulletins issued to AIR isthe coastal weather bulletins. Whenever acyclonic storm is likely to affect the Indiancoastal areas, Coastal weather bulletinsissued by the Indian MeteorologicalDepartment are broadcast in the All IndiaNews Cycles of All India Radio from NewDelhi in English and in the regional languageof the area affected. These bulletins are issuedthree times a day.

Depending on the scale and extent ofpredicted disasters, in some cases the CentralGovernment will have to actively participatein the pre-disaster preparedness stage andsubsequently if the disaster is declared L3.These disasters are as follows:

t Floods

t Droughts

The active participation of the CentralGovernment will include the following:

t Deploy adequate defence services

t Do aerial surveys as part ofpreparedness

t Identify key access routes

1. Kolkata Coastal districts of West Bengal and Andaman and Nicobar Islands

2. Bhubaneshwar Coastal districts of Orissa

3. Visakhaptanam Coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh

4. Chennai Coastal districts of Tamil Nadu,

Pondicherry, Kerala, Karnataka and

Lakshadweep

5. Mumbai Coastal districts of Maharashtra and Goa.

6. Ahmedabad Coastal districts of Gujarat states


t Structural protection for railwaystations/airports

t Deploy and send relief materials toaffected areas

t Ensure deployment of special air andrail transport

(These activities, however, will be insupport of the State initiatives and theirrequirements of assistance.)

Case II - No Warning

In case of no warning the activities andinventories maintained during the L0 stagehave to become operational.

Disasters for which warning is not possibleinclude earthquakes, landslides, mud flows,tornado, flash floods, hurricanes, dam bursts,snow avalanches, thunder and lightning,mine fires, chemical and industrial disasters,nuclear disasters, all accident related disastersand food poisoning.

De-WarningIn case the disaster does not occur aspredicted, the Indian MeteorologicalDepartment issues a de-warning that is inturn to be issued by the likely affectedDistricts and State. This will initiate theprocess of retrieval of extra resources (man/material) that have been kept as part ofpreparedness after the warning was issued.

The de-warning by IMD will initiate thefollowing:

t Dissemination of De-warnings byrespective districts and states

t EOC will start functioning for L0activities again

t The defence/search and rescue/medicalteams will also return to L0 activities

t Material resources will be returned/stored back

RESPONSE PLANNING

Planning of the operations has to be donequickly and at regular intervals. To mobiliseresources at a national level the National

Crisis Management Committee under theCabinet Secretary plays a crucial role. Allplanning aspects are taken care of by NCMCand the execution of these is undertaken bythe CMC (Crisis Management Committee).

Once the alert stage has been activated,within the first two hours of the disasterevent the Central Relief Commissioner’soffice or the Emergency Operation Centreis responsible for holding a meeting of theempowered group of ministers and theCentral Coordinating Officer of eachESF. They will meet as and when needed atthe request of the CRC. This group underthe leadership of the CRC is responsible forthe following during the course of thismeeting:

t Review situation reports received fromthe affected state.

t Review and document the resources(manpower and material) support thathas already been dispatched from theCentre.

t Address response issues and problemsthat require national level decisions orpolicy direction.

t Take decisions on more resourcesand relief material that will berequired.

Location of the meetingThe meeting will be held at the CRC officein the NCCM or NDM-Control roomunder the Nodal Ministry (Ministry ofAgriculture).

The first meeting should be held withintwo/three hours of the event parallel to theother activities that have been initiated atthe declaration of L3. The activities that getinitiated parallel to the CRC meeting are asfollows:

t Briefing of personnel at thecentral ministries for the firstassessment.

t Departure of first assessmentteam.


t Departure of first search and rescueteam with MFR and CSSR personnel,if required.

t Aerial survey of damage.

ARRIVAL POINT

Material/Manpower Flow chart ofCentral Information and Arrival Centre atAirport

The response activities require active andeffective coordination of ground operations.The traffic junctions such as airports, railwaystations and bus terminals require toestablish ‘Information and Arrival Centres’that are the key points for arrival anddispatch of relief materials and rescueworkers. The incoming assets from withinand outside the country have to be clearlyallotted and assigned to disaster sites withthe help of various information centres. Thisinformation centre will function at a nationallevel and therefore will have to account forall international aid and related formalities.

t Arrival point: The transport junctionswhere relief materials as well as man-power can be collected for response

activities. It could be the international/national airports or railwaystations.

t Information and briefing desk: Themanpower will be briefed on thestatus of disaster, the most affectedareas and the key agenciesand personnel at the affected state. Itwill also assist international agencies,arrival of relief material as a prioritytask.

t Storage: Storage facility at the arrivalpoint where material is categorised andif needed, packed for dispatch.

t Briefing cell: This cell will give specificbriefing for different types of fieldworkers.

t Donation management cell: Thedonations from other states andinternational agencies are packed andaccounted for further distribution.

t Point of departure: Material andmanpower are dispatched according tothe requirements issued by the EOCat the centre·

ARRIVAL POINT AT CENTRE

Information and briefingdesk

l Foreign aid teamsexperts

l Search and rescue teams

l Medical assistanceteams

Point of Departure

Briefing cellDonation

management cell

Storage of rescue andrelief equipment, otherequipment and donations

V.2


Material/Manpower Flow chart -Information and Arrival Centre at Airport -Affected State

This Emergency Operations Centre (EOC)is activated at the discretion of the CRCbased on the resource and coordination scaleof the particular disaster. A similarinformation centre is also required at the statelevel where all the relief and other facilitiescan be directed to the affected areas directlyaccording to the needs of the incidentcommanders and the state EOC.

NATIONAL DISASTER QUICK RESPONSE

MECHANISM

Declaration of L3

The declaration of the L3 is done after

the event has occurred by the CentralRelief Commissioner in consultationwith the NCMC and the EmpoweredGroup of Ministers

Factors taken into considerations forthe declaration of L3

----- Parametres set by designatedtechnical authority

----- Capacity of State and District tomanage the disaster independently

The first assessment team is alsoheaded by the Nodal Officer (JointSecretary/Secretary) of the Ministry ofAgriculture/Home. The CRC’sprimary responsibility is to coordinateresponse activities at the Centre andnot go to the disaster site. The CRCshould be informed by the nodalofficer (Ministry of Agriculture)

V.3

Material Manpower

MedicalShelter and ConstructionequipmentTelecom and PowerDonationFood

Medical Assistance teamsMedia PersonnelSearch and Rescue teamsResearchersOther NGOsEOC and ICS Back-upteams

ARRIVAL POINTAT STATE

Assembly point

The resources are mobilized according to the needsof the disaster-affected sites and the information

received through the EOC

Point of departure ofmanpower and material

Disaster affected site


before the first assessment team hasleft.

FORMATS REQUIRED:

Format of declaration of L3Format of declaration of L3Format of declaration of L3Format of declaration of L3Format of declaration of L3

Format of deployment of firstFormat of deployment of firstFormat of deployment of firstFormat of deployment of firstFormat of deployment of firstassessment teamassessment teamassessment teamassessment teamassessment team

Handbook for CRC for first 24 hoursHandbook for CRC for first 24 hoursHandbook for CRC for first 24 hoursHandbook for CRC for first 24 hoursHandbook for CRC for first 24 hours

Proposed responsibilities of the CRCProposed responsibilities of the CRCProposed responsibilities of the CRCProposed responsibilities of the CRCProposed responsibilities of the CRCfor the First Meetingfor the First Meetingfor the First Meetingfor the First Meetingfor the First Meeting

tOfficial declaration of L3

t Information on meetings of the CMGand Crisis Management Group.

t Arranging for all required inventoriesfrom the concerned ministries

tOfficial appointment (according toinventories) of all nodal officers foreach ESF

tOnce the CRC has been informedabout the first assessment team, it isleft to the CRC’s discretion tonominate any other concernedministry to be part of the firstassessment team

t Activation of EOC at Centre

t Information of situation to all cabinetministries

t Identify the nodal transport points forthe affected state

After the declaration of L3, the first CMGmeeting as well as the first assessment teamare parallel functions that should becompleted within 2 hours of the event.

Quick Response TeamsThe Centre requires quick and well-trainedteams for responding to a disaster. Themagnitude might be so large that medicaland other response teams might be requiredeven before any initial assessment. However,a quick assessment for further planning isalso required. Therefore, the response teamscan be divided into two sections:

t Assessment Teams – Medical, Power,Telecom, Infrastructure take primeimportance

t Response Teams - Medical, Power andTelecommunication take primeimportance.

First 24 hours

First assessment team

The first assessment team will mainlycomprise of senior (joint secretary level)officers that are required to make afirst/preliminary assessment of damage.

Composition of the designated officersand resources for assessment

Ministry ofMinistry ofMinistry ofMinistry ofMinistry of

t Home, Agriculture, Health,Home, Agriculture, Health,Home, Agriculture, Health,Home, Agriculture, Health,Home, Agriculture, Health,Communication, Power, Defence,Communication, Power, Defence,Communication, Power, Defence,Communication, Power, Defence,Communication, Power, Defence,AviationAviationAviationAviationAviation

Apart from these seven ministries, anyfurther addition is left to the discretionof the CMG

t Science and Technology, Railway,Science and Technology, Railway,Science and Technology, Railway,Science and Technology, Railway,Science and Technology, Railway,(for example)(for example)(for example)(for example)(for example)

Checklist(1) of Survival kitChecklist(1) of Survival kitChecklist(1) of Survival kitChecklist(1) of Survival kitChecklist(1) of Survival kit

Checklist(1) of AssessmentChecklist(1) of AssessmentChecklist(1) of AssessmentChecklist(1) of AssessmentChecklist(1) of Assessmentequipmentequipmentequipmentequipmentequipment

Formats for National FirstFormats for National FirstFormats for National FirstFormats for National FirstFormats for National FirstAssessmentAssessmentAssessmentAssessmentAssessment

National Media ReleaseNational Media ReleaseNational Media ReleaseNational Media ReleaseNational Media Release

National Assessment Report whichNational Assessment Report whichNational Assessment Report whichNational Assessment Report whichNational Assessment Report whichshould containshould containshould containshould containshould contain

a) geographic estimate of damagearea;

b) injury and fatality report;

c) lists of damaged facilities;

d) resources needed for responseoperations and;

e) Prioritisation of the above orimmediate priorities.

Materials required for AssessmentMaterials required for AssessmentMaterials required for AssessmentMaterials required for AssessmentMaterials required for AssessmentTeamTeamTeamTeamTeam

Survival kit, assessment equipment,SAT-phones and HAM radios

Task at hand:Task at hand:Task at hand:Task at hand:Task at hand:

Assessment according to given formats


First Reports of assessment accordingto given format

Media releases according to givenformat

In case of extreme disasters such asIn case of extreme disasters such asIn case of extreme disasters such asIn case of extreme disasters such asIn case of extreme disasters such ashigh magnitude earthquakes, bombhigh magnitude earthquakes, bombhigh magnitude earthquakes, bombhigh magnitude earthquakes, bombhigh magnitude earthquakes, bombblasts, terrorist attacks andblasts, terrorist attacks andblasts, terrorist attacks andblasts, terrorist attacks andblasts, terrorist attacks andchemical explosions, the EOC, allchemical explosions, the EOC, allchemical explosions, the EOC, allchemical explosions, the EOC, allchemical explosions, the EOC, allemergencyemergencyemergencyemergencyemergency phonesphonesphonesphonesphones andandandandand otherotherotherotherotheralternate communication linesalternate communication linesalternate communication linesalternate communication linesalternate communication linesshould be established within the firstshould be established within the firstshould be established within the firstshould be established within the firstshould be established within the first24 hours.24 hours.24 hours.24 hours.24 hours.

Base Report after First AssessmentBase Report after First AssessmentBase Report after First AssessmentBase Report after First AssessmentBase Report after First Assessment

After the first assessment team hasprepared the preliminary report, theCMG and the NCMC re-assess thesituation at the site for taking furtheraction. The first assessment teamreport should include the following:

Extent of Damage in terms of:

- Geographical area

- Expected affected population

----- Districts/Areas worst affected

- Damage to infrastructure according toeach ESF

- Report by the SRC of the affectedState

- Operational access points

- Areas still under high risk (aftershocks, fires and other relateddisasters)

- Condition of the State and DistrictGovernment buildings andcommunication infrastructure

Overall need for central assistance in terms of:

- Search and Rescue teams

- Medical first response teams

- Communication equipments

- Labour or volunteers

- Donations

- Specialised technicians for each ESF

In case the EOC has already begun tofunction, then the reports must alsocontain summary reports from each ESFand their immediate requirements.

Activation Steps of the EOC in caseActivation Steps of the EOC in caseActivation Steps of the EOC in caseActivation Steps of the EOC in caseActivation Steps of the EOC in caseof a disaster:of a disaster:of a disaster:of a disaster:of a disaster:

Step 1: The activation of the EOC

should be followed once the nodal

technical agency has issued a warning.

Step 2: The EOC is activated at orders

by Centre and EOC Incharge is

designated.

Step 3: Orders are sent out by fax from

NCMC to related ministries for

additional resources for ESFs for the

disaster situation and they are asked

to prepare and send the first

assessment report to the EOC within

4-8 hours of activation.

According to this report the decisions that

will be taken by the CRC can be categorised

into two possibilities:

Prepare for next 48 hours

t To reinforce rescue operations through

dispatch of relief material and man-

power assistance

t To strengthen communication and

coordination with the affected area

EOC

t To accept relief and assistance from

international agencies

t To strengthen the donation

management desk at the centre and sort

and organise donations for easy

distribution at site

t To call situation-update meetings at

regular intervals for close coordination

and immediate relief response (Every

2 hours tapering down to thrice a day

and so on)

t To send out additional Search and

Rescue and Medical First Response

teams


Deactivate response and relief operationat Centre and resume L0 activities

t If the situation is under control of theState, then to withdraw and deactivateresponse mechanism at the Centre, stepby step, in coordination with the State.

t Send out deactivation notification toall Cabinet ministries.

t Send out NCCM team for taking stockand documentation of resources usedand other preparedness activitiesduring the alert and initial quickresponse phase of the disaster after theState has completed its responseactivities.

First 24-48 hours – Operations

Concept of operations at the EOC

t The nucleus of the EOC along with a

core staff remains operational

throughout the year at L0 level of

maintenance in order to take care of

the following activities:

- Updation/Maintenance and addition

of inventories

- Keeping updated with other disasters

around the world

- Dry exercises and preparedness/

training exercises

t The Central Relief Commissioner —

or his/her designee — will initiate the

activation of the emergency services

of the EOC as established.

t The individual who declares the L3

Emergency shall announce the

location of the EOC in case it is not

the PMO.

t The CRC – or designee — will

determine what staff he/she deems

necessary to effectively operate the

EOC apart from the prescribed staff.

t The designated officers of the HomeGuards at the EOC will provide

security to the EOC entrance points.

Only individuals authorized by the

Home Guards will be authorized to

enter the EOC.

In case of extreme disasters such as

chemical disasters, bomb blasts and

terrorist attacks, national security and

control takes precedence. The Ministry

of Home has to establish special

measures to ensure the security of the

nation by sealing and evacuating

strategic government and national

institutions well within 3-4 hours of the

occurrence. National borders, air and

sea space also have to be protected and

if need be, sealed off.

Individuals staffing the EOC are

responsible for establishing

communications (radio, telephone)

with their respective departments.

For effective communication at theFor effective communication at theFor effective communication at theFor effective communication at theFor effective communication at the

Centre and the State, five NodalCentre and the State, five NodalCentre and the State, five NodalCentre and the State, five NodalCentre and the State, five Nodal

Points have been determined. TheyPoints have been determined. TheyPoints have been determined. TheyPoints have been determined. TheyPoints have been determined. They

are as follows:are as follows:are as follows:are as follows:are as follows:

1. EOC at Centre

2. EOC at State

3. EOC at neighbouring States

4. Information and arrival points at the

functional transport junction at

State/ neighbouring State

5. Information and arrival point at the

international airport

Essential Communication Links at theEssential Communication Links at theEssential Communication Links at theEssential Communication Links at theEssential Communication Links at the

National EOCNational EOCNational EOCNational EOCNational EOC

The EOC at National level must have

communication links with the following:

t Crisis State EOC

t Crisis State SRC

tOther State EOCs

t All concerned Ministries

t Information and arrival point at the

Centre


t Information and arrival point at the

affected State

Task at handTask at handTask at handTask at handTask at hand

t Establish EOC at State and Centreairport with:

- Point of arrival

- Point of departure

- Assembly point

t Set up General Information Desk atairport EOC

t Establish and activate emergencyphone lines and helplinesimmediately within few hours of thedisaster

t Set up separate desks for each ESF andinternational aid /NGO

t Set up desks for donations (cash andmaterial)

t Establish contact with the affectedState EOC

t Set up EOC at neighbouring States

t Establish contact with NRSA/ISRO/Defence for aerial and satelliteimageries of the affected area

t Provide information and standardoperating procedures for civilianpopulation such as media,researchers, volunteers, fieldworkers, etc. through:

- Handbook for Operations- Handbooks for

• International NGO• N G O• Media Personnel• Researchers/Students• Field/Relief workers• Government functionaries

tOrganise/coordinate aerial surveys forrescue operations

t Establish contact with the disaster sitewhich will have Incident CommandSystems placed at the disaster sitebased on the scale of the disaster

t Deploy Incident Commanders inconsultation with the Centre atstrategic incident commands

Within the next 48 hours the EOC at theState as well as the Centre will be jointlyinvolved in the following:

t Set up information desks at criticallocations

t Identify and channelise differentcategories of workers under thefollowing at the information desks andprovide identification tags for thefollowing:

- Media

- Researchers

- NGO/International Agency

- Field workers/Volunteers

- Government officials

t Place situation reports at bulletinboards outside information desks andEOC

t Direct Central and internationalagencies to priority areas (worstaffected areas)

t Identify locations for international andother NGO agencies to set up theirsite offices for the uniformdistribution of aid in all parts of theaffected area.

t Communicate with the DistrictMagistrate and the SRC for localinformation through:

- Information flow chart ofInformation and Arrival Centre atairport

- Material/Manpower flow chart ofInformation and Arrival Centre atairport

- Information flow chart of EOC atCentre

- Information flow chart of desk forESF

- Information flow chart of NGOs

- Information flow chart of media

- Information flow chart ofresearchers

- Material/Manpower flow chart of


Information and Arrival centre atairport at centre

These charts will be part of thehandbooks as well.

The EOC Incharge at the EOC will beresponsible for the dissemination ofinformation to the following as givenin priority:

t Standing committee of group ofministers — Home Minister

t National Steering Committee — Agriculture minister

t Cabinet Secretary

t N C C M

Structural set-up of EOC at the centre

1. EOC Incharge

2. Operation sections

3. Emergency Support Functions

Tasks for internal functions at EOC

t Determine policies during disaster andpost-disaster periods

t Adjudicate conflicting claims and/orrequests for emergency personnel,equipment, and other resources

t Designate responsibilities and duties,as necessary to maintain the optimaluse of national resources

t A Mobile Command Vehicle will berequested to respond to the NationalEOC.

t Provide operating units withrequested resources for sustainedoperations

tOperate staging areas for incomingequipment and personnel

t Provide for medical care, feeding,and housing of emergency workers

tMaintain documentation of resourceallocation and availability

Checklists for EOC set-up:

tMinimum standards handbook oflayout and dimensions, equipments,etc for EOC

The hotlines, V-SAT and wirelesscommunications should be establishedat the EOC with the following:

t State Relief Commissioner

t Cabinet Secretary

t IMD

t Related Ministries (Primary agencies)

Manpower requirements of the EOC

tRegular staff

-Deputy Relief Commissioner

-EDP Manager

tStaff on call

-2 Deputy Secretaries

tStaff on Disaster Duty

-Incident Commander

-Sector/ESF expert

-ESF Commanders

Checklist for each ESF desk

tMatrix of primary and secondaryfunctions of each ESF

t Do’s and dont’s to be followed duringdisaster times in EOC

t Schedule for regular staff

t Schedule for staff on call

t Schedule for staff on disaster duty

Brief Material Requirements

t Data bank of maps and plans atdistrict, state and national level

t Hardware

tGIS software

t State-of-the-art communicationequipment

t Inventories related to all ESFs andrelief materials

Transport with wireless equipments(Mobile Command Vehicle)

CONTINUED RESPONSE

The response and rescue operations continuetill the local administration is able to takefull charge of the situation. Each ESF will


continue their work in a planned mannerunless the concerned department is readyto take over the charge. Some of the ESFsmay have to continue their assistance for alonger period depending on the extent ofdamage.

Similarly, some of the ESFs may berequired later for rehabilitation andrestoration activities. ESFs such as Shelterand Drinking Water may also have to caterto the needs of the relief workers after thefirst 48 hours.

DEACTIVATION AND DOCUMENTATION

Each agency will discontinue emergency

response operations when advised that theirassistance is no longer required in supportof the State and Local authorities, or whentheir statutory responsibilities have beenfulfilled.

Upon determination that applicable lawenforcement goals and objectives have beenmet, that no further immediate threat exists,and that Central disaster response actionsare no longer required, the Cabinet Secretary,in consultation with the concerned ministry,shall order deactivation. The Central EOCwill deactivate and discontinue emergencyresponse operations and undertake detaileddocumentation of activities and other L0activities.

q

NANANANANATIONAL OPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL OPERATIONS CENTRES TIONS CENTRES TIONS CENTRES TIONS CENTRES TIONS CENTRES NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 5 15 15 15 15 1

6

For the effective management of resources,

disaster supplies and other response

activities, nodal points or centres will have

to be established. These points will have to

be well networked starting from the Centre

to the State and finally leading to the

disaster site. Emergency Operations Centres

at the Centre and the State and Incident

Command Systems at the disaster site are

the designated nodal points that will

coordinate overall activities and the flow

of relief supplies from the Centre. The

Emergency Operations Centre stays

operational through-out the year in order

to take care of the extended L0 activities of

data management and training, essential

for the smooth functioning of the EOC

during crisis situations, whereas the

Incident Command System is activated

only during the disaster to take care of site-

specific activities.

NationalEmergencyOperationsCentres

In order to ensure the integrity of the

administration of national resources and

assets, an Emergency Operations Centre

(EOC) wil l be maintained and run

throughout the year which will expand to

undertake and coordinate activities during

a disaster. Once the prescribed authority

has issued warnings/alerts, the EOC will

become fully operational.

Back-up EOC

It is recommended that an ‘alternate EOC’

must also be established. This EOC will

be a mirror image of the National EOC

and will be a back-up to handle any

eventuality at the National EOC. It is

proposed that the EOC be established at

the NCDM/NCCM so that it can also

function as a hub for all L0 activities.

Aim of the Emergency OperationsCentre

The aim of EOC at the National level shall

be to provide centralized direction and

5 25 25 25 25 2 NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NA NA NA NA NATIONAL OPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL OPERATIONS CENTRESTIONS CENTRESTIONS CENTRESTIONS CENTRESTIONS CENTRES

ESF Commander Operations DesksESF No. 1 - CommunicationESF No. 2 - Public Health and SanitationESF No. 3 - PowerESF No. 4 - TransportESF No. 5 - Search and RescueESF No. 6 - DonationESF No. 7 - Public Works & EngineeringESF No. 8 - Information and PlanningESF No. 9 - Relief SuppliesESF No. 10 - FoodESF No. 11 - Drinking WaterESF No. 12 - ShelterESF No. 13 - MediaESF No. 14 - Helplines

LOGISTICS

FINANCE ANDHUMAN

RESOURCES

KNOWLEDGENETWORK

control of any or all of the followingfunctions:

t Emergency operations

t Communications and warning

t Requesting additional resources duringthe disaster phase from neighbouringStates of the affected area

t Coordinating overseas support and aid

t Issuing emergency information andinstructions specific to Centralministries; consolidation, analysis, anddissemination of Damage Assessmentdata

t Forwarding of consolidated reports toNCCM, Cabinet Secretary and Ministryof Agriculture.

Location of EOC

The EOC will be set up at a suitable location

with all infrastructure as per the givenlayout.

Concept of Operations at the EOC

t The Central Relief Commissioner orhis/her designee will initiate theactivation of emergency services of theEOC as established.

t Activation of the EOC shouldimmediately follow the declaration of aNational Level Emergency.

t The individual who declares the L3Emergency shall announce the locationof the EOC in case of any eventuality tothe National EOC.

t Individuals staffing the EOC areresponsible for establishingcommunications such as radio andtelephone with their respectivedepartments.

Support Desks

Designated EOC Incharge

Emergency Operation Centre

VI.IVI.IVI.IVI.IVI.I


t The CRC – or designee — willdetermine what staff he/she deemsnecessary to effectively operate the EOCapart from the prescribed staff.

t The designated officers of the HomeGuards at the EOC will provide securityto the EOC entrance points. Onlyindividuals allowed by the Home Guardswill be authorized to enter the EOC.

The ‘EOC Incharge’ will be responsiblefor the dissemination of information to thefollowing as given in priority:

t Standing committee of group ofministers - Home Minister

t National Steering Committee- Agriculture Minister

t Cabinet Secretary

t NCCM

Activation steps of the EOC in case ofa disaster

Step 1: The EOC is activated on ordersfrom NCMC (National Crisis ManagementCommittee)

Step 2: The activation of the EOC shouldbe followed after the declaration of L3disaster

Step 3: Orders are sent out by fax fromthe NCMC for setting up ESFs for thedisaster situation and are asked to prepareand send the First Assessment Report to theEOC within the time period laid out byNCMC

Organizational set-up of EOC at theCentre

1. EOC Incharge

2. Operation Sections

3. Emergency Support Functions

EOC Incharge: He/She is the primaryrole player in the EOC with considerableyears of experience in the area of disasterresponse. He/She is responsible for the

overall coordination and decision makingat the EOC.

Operation Sections: For the smooth andplanned functioning of the EOC,organisational sections of the EOC have tobe maintained throughout the year. Thesesections are as follows:

(i) Executive Section

t Determines policies during disasterand post-disaster periods

t Adjudicates conflicting claims and/or requests for emergency personnel,equipment, and other resources

t Designates responsibilities andduties, as necessary, to maintain theoptimal use of national resources.

A Mobile Command Vehicle will berequested to respond to the National EOC.

(ii) Logistics Section

t Provides operating units withrequested resources for sustainedoperations

t Operates staging areas for incomingequipment and personnel

t Provides for medical care, feeding,and housing of emergency workers

t Maintains documentation ofresource allocation and availability

(iii) Finance and Human Resource Section

Emergency Support FunctionsEmergency Support FunctionsEmergency Support FunctionsEmergency Support FunctionsEmergency Support Functions

t Communication

t Power

t Transport

t Health and Medical Care (Mobilehospitals)

t Food

t Information and Planning

t Search and Rescue

t Public Works and Engineering


t Relief Supplies

t Donation Coordination

t Drinking Water (Water tankers/

Water treatment plant)

t Shelter

t Media

t Helplines

The hotlines, V-SAT and wirelesscommunications should be established at theEOC with the following:

t State Relief Commissioner

t Cabinet Secretary

t IMD

t Related Ministries (Primary agencies)

Manpower requirements of the EOC

t Regular Staff

- Deputy Relief Commissioner

- EDP Manager

t Staff on call

- 2 Deputy Secretaries

t Staff on disaster duty

- Incident Commander

- Sector/ESF Expert

- ESF Commanders

(These are mainly indicative, the details ofwhich can be drawn up by the CRC)

Equipment Requirements

t Data bank of maps and plans at District,State, and National level within a GISset-up.

t Hardware

t GIS software

t State-of-the-art communicationequipment

t Inventories related to all ESFs and reliefmaterials

t Transport with wireless equipments(Mobile Command Vehicle)

t Checklist for each ESF desk

t Matrix of primary and secondaryfunctions of each ESF

A Disaster Supplies Kit should include:

t a 3-day supply of water (one gallon perperson per day) and non-perishable food

t one change of clothing and footwear perperson

t one blanket or sleeping bag per person

t a first aid kit, including prescriptionmedicines

t emergency tools, including a battery-powered Weather Radio and a portableradio, flashlight, and plenty of extrabatteries

t special items for infant, elderly, ordisabled family members

INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM

ICS is an effective model for centralizedmanagement. It can clearly define staff rolesand responsibil it ies and l ines ofcommunications. In the ICS model the baseof operations for response to a disaster(incident) is the Command Centre.

Incident Commander—Upon activationof the plan, the Incident Commander willestablish the Command Centre and initiateICS.

Staffing Positions

Positions include:

t Incident Commander

t Information Officer

t Safety Officer

t Inter-agency Coordinator

t Operations Officer

t Planning Officer

t Logistics Officer

t Finance Officer


All EOC facilities should be disaster resistant.All EOC facilities should be disaster resistant.All EOC facilities should be disaster resistant.All EOC facilities should be disaster resistant.All EOC facilities should be disaster resistant.


OperationChief

PlanningChief

LogisticsChief

Finance andAdministration

Chief

Response TeamsSingle Resources

Transport Networksand Requirements

ResourceRequirements

Situation ReportsDemobilisationDocumentation

Service BranchSupport Branch

Cost UnitProcurement Unit

VI.2

Incident Command System

Incident CommanderInformation Officer

Safety OfficerIntra-agency Coordination Officer

The following chart provides a briefexplanation of the command structure ofIncident Command System which will have

to be further detailed out by each of theStates.


Composition of EOC – CentreCentre Chief InchargeLiaison Officer (Volunteer/Inter-agency)ESF Heads – Centre (14)Public Information OfficerLogistics OfficerFinance OfficerSecurity Officer

Composition of EOC – StateState Chief InchargeESF Heads – State (14)Logistics OfficerFinance OfficerSecurity OfficerLiaison Officer (Volunteer/Inter-agency)DoctorPublic Information Officer

Composition of EOC – DistrictDistrict Chief Incharge – Assignedby CentreExtension ESF Heads (14)Logistics OfficerFinance OfficerSecurity OfficerDoctorPublic Information Officer

Composition- Incident Commander –

Appointed by Centre- Information Officer- Safety Officer- Intra-agency Coord.

Off.- Operations Officer- Planning Officer- Logistics Officer- Finance Officer- Operation Teamsl Damage Assessmentl Search and Rescuel Medical Assistancel Donation Mgtl Restoration-each ESFl Relief Camps Team

OVERALL COMMAND

Flow Chart (EOC and ICS)C

ON

STA

NT

and

OPE

RAT

ION

AL

all y

ear

roun

d

EOC – Centre

Centre Chief Incharge

EOC – State

State Chief Incharge

EOC – District

District Chief Incharge

Var

iabl

e ac

cord

ing

toIn

tens

ity

and

Nee

d Incident Commands headed by experienced personnel(Central level) are placed at local site operation levels tofacilitate quick and spot decisions. The number of IncidentCommands depends on severity of disaster.

IncidentCommand

IncidentCommand

IncidentCommand

VI.3

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 5 95 95 95 95 9

Emergency Support Functions are theessentials of Emergency Managementcomprising of various coordinating agencies,which manage and coordinate specific kindsof assistance common to all disasters types.Each ESF is headed by a lead organisation/ministry responsible for coordinating thedelivery of goods and services to the disasterarea, and is supported by numerous otherorganisations. These ESFs form an integralpart of the Emergency Operation Centresand each ESF should coordinate its activitiesfrom the allocated EOC. Extension teamsand workers of each ESF will be required tocoordinate response procedures at theaffected site.

In the National Response Plan, theproposed Emergency Support Functions havebeen conceptualised as an integral part tocarry out response activities. In the periodimmediately after a major disaster oremergency requiring Central response,primary agencies, when directed by NCCM,will take actions to identify requirements andmobilise and deploy resources to the affectedarea to assist the State in its response actionsunder fourteen ESFs (Emergency Support

7

The interdependence of facilities and their

management creates a difficult situation for

disaster managers during a disaster.

Therefore, a crisis situation demands the

attention and assistance of experts from

different fields and sectors in order to ensure

a quick and effective recovery. However, if

the assistance provided is not predefined and

coordinated it can lead to slow progress and

relief work gets adversely affected. Keeping

this aspect of disaster management in view,

fourteen Emergency Support Functions have

been conceptualised to take care of various

response and infrastructure facilities,

imperative for immediate as well as long-

term response to disasters.

EmergencySupportFunctions

6 06 06 06 06 0 NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS

Functions). Each ESF is headed by a primaryagency, which has been selected based onits authority, resources and capabilities tosupport the functional area.

The ESF will coordinate directly withtheir functional counterpart, State agencies,to provide the assistance required by theState. Request for assistance will bechannelled from District level through thedesignated State agencies for action. Basedon the State-identified responserequirements, appropriate Central responseassistance will be provided by an ESF to theState or at the State’s request, directly to anaffected area.

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY AGENCIES

The designated primary agency, acting as theCentral agency will be assisted by one ormore support agencies (secondary agencies)and will be responsible for managing theactivities of the ESF (Emergency SupportFunctions) and assisting the State in therescue and relief activities and ensuring thatthe mission is accomplished. The primaryand secondary agencies have the authorityto execute response operations to directlysupport the State needs.

PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS

In disaster situations, effective utilisation ofresources can be ensured if conditions of thedisaster are assessed and taken intoconsideration during the planning phase.Disasters cause loss of property, injury anddisruption of normal life and have an impacton social and physical infrastructures.

The extent of casualties and damage willbe based on factors such as the time ofoccurrence, severity of impact, weatherconditions, population density, type ofconstructions and possible triggering ofsecondary events such as fires and floods.When planning for a response for disasters,these assumptions can benefit planning ofeffective response for the crisis situation.

This chapter also attempts toconceptualise the activities and handbooksthat will have to be developed by theconcerned ministries for efficient executionof the plan. These ESFs are proposed in theNational Response Plan and they areperceived as an effective tool for themanagement of disasters. The ESFs are inthe conceptual stage and continuousupdation of the same should be carried outwith the changing scenario so as to makethem more effective during a disaster.

In the National Response Plan, thefollowing ESFs have been conceptualised asan integral part in carrying out responseactivities. The following ministries can beconsidered as the primary agencies for eachESF

ESF No. 1 - Communication

ESF No. 2 - Public Health and Sanitation

ESF No. 3 - Power

ESF No. 4 - Transport

ESF No. 5 - Search and Rescue

ESF No. 6 - Donation

ESF No. 7 - Public Works andEngineering

ESF No. 8 - Information and Planning

ESF No. 9 - Relief Supplies

ESF No. 10 - Food

ESF No. 11 - Drinking Water

ESF No. 12 - Shelter

ESF No. 13 - Media

ESF No. 14 - Helplines

Primary Agency for Each ESF

ESF No. 1 - Communication - Ministryof Communication

ESF No. 2 - Public Health andSanitation-Ministry ofHealth and Family Welfare


ESF No. 3 - Power – Ministry of Power

ESF No. 4 - Transport – Ministry ofTransport

ESF No. 5 - Search and Rescue –Ministry of Defence/Ministry of Home Affairs

ESF No. 6 - Donation – Ministry ofAgriculture

ESF No. 7 - Public Works andEngineering – Ministry ofUrban Affairs and PovertyAlleviation

ESF No. 8 - Information and Planning –Ministry of InformationTechnology

ESF No. 9 - Relief Supplies – Ministry ofPlanning and ProgrammeImplementation

ESF No. 10 - Food - Ministry of Food andCivil Supplies

ESF No. 11 - Drinking Water – Ministryof Water Resources

ESF No. 12 - Shelter - Ministry of UrbanAffairs and PovertyAlleviation

ESF No. 13 - Media – Ministry ofInformation andBroadcasting

ESF No. 14 - Helplines - Ministry ofDisaster Management(Proposed)

LIST OF MINISTRIES

Ministry of Agriculture - MoA

Ministry of Defence - MoD

Ministry of Surface Transport - MoST

Ministry of Power - MoP

Ministry of Health and - MoH&FW

Family Welfare

Ministry of Water resources - MoWR

Department of Animal - DoAH

Husbandry

Ministry of Urban Development - MoUDPA

and Poverty Alleviation

Ministry of Planning and - MoPPI

Programme Implementation

Ministry of Home Affairs - MHA

Ministry of Rural - MoRD

Development

Ministry of Information - MoIT

Technology

Ministry of Information - MoI&B

and Broadcasting

Ministry of Communication - MoC

Ministry of Heavy Industries - MoHI

Ministry of Social Justice and - MoSJ&E

Empowerment

Ministry of Civil Aviation - MoCA

Ministry of Non-Conventional - MoNES

Energy Sources

Ministry of Petroleum and - MoP&NG

Natural Gas

Ministry of Finance - MoF

Ministry of External Affairs - MEA

Ministry of Commerce and - MoC&I

Industry

Ministry of Science and - MoSc&T

Technology

Ministry of Labour - MoL

Ministry of Consumer Affairs - MoCA&PD

and Public Distribution

Voluntary Agencies - VA

Department of Drinking - DDW

Water

Department of Food and - DFPD

Public Distribution

Ministry of Disaster - MoDM

Management

Ministry of Railways - MoR

Ministry of Food and - MoFCS

Civil Supplies


EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1

Communication

Primary Agency

t Ministry of Communication

Secondary Agency

t Ministry of Civil Aviation

t Ministry of Defence

t Ministry of Surface Transport

t Ministry of Agriculture

t Ministry of Power

t Ministry of Information Technology

t Ministry of Heavy Industries

Purpose

ESF1 wil l ensure the provision ofnationwide telecommunication support tothe Centre, State and District in responseefforts.


t Initial reports of damage will becollected and this may not provide acomplete picture of the extent ofdamage

t The affected region’s abil ity tocommunicate with the rest of thecountry will be impaired and keyofficials may be isolated from theirregional offices

ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ESF1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14

MoAMoDM P P PMoD PMoHFW PMoIB PMoIT PMoST P PMoC PMoRD PMoHIMoUDPA PMoWR PMoAH SMHA S S S S SMoP S S P S S S S SMoCA S S S S SMoNESMoPNGMoFMEAMoCIMoScT S S S SMoL S SMoCAPD SMoR S S

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY AGENCIES FOR EMERGENCY SUPPORTFUNCTIONS

Primary Agency Secondary AgencyP S


t Initially the main focus of the State and

the Local governments will be on the

coordination of lifesaving activities

concurrent with re-establishing control

of the disaster affected area

Activities on the Receipt of Warning or Acti-vation of EOC

t Establish radio communication with

the State EOC and Local Incident

Commander

t Appoint a Nodal Officer-

Communication at the national level

t Renew and update precautionary

measures and review with the staff the

precautions to be taken to protect

equipment

t Establish an emergency tool kit

including cable cutters, cutting pliers,

spanners, ropes, cross cut saws,

pulley blocks with ropes and hand

gloves

Initial Actions

t Identify operational telecommuni-

cation facilities within the affected

area

t Identify telecommunication facilities

that need to be transported to the

affected site to establish emergency

operational services

t Identify the actual and planned action

of private telecommunication

companies towards reconstruction of

their facilities

t Establish a temporary communication

facility through mobile exchanges, on

priority, for use by State EOC on

priority basis, as well as district officials,

members of the State government

machinery, officials of transit and reliefcamps, and NGOs

t Establish a temporary communicationfacility for public use

t Carry out an assessment of overalldamage to the following:

t Overhead route damage

t Cable damage

t Specific equipment damage

Responsibilities

The ESF is responsible for the coordinationof national actions to ensure the provision oftelecommunication support to the Centre,State and District response elements.

It will coordinate the requirement oftemporary telecommunication in the affectedareas.

It will extend support that includesgovernment furnished communication andprivate communication.

Minimum Standards Required

t Checklist of tool kits

t Handbook on DisasterTelecommunication Assistance

t Handbook on Team Equipment andInventory

t Responsibilities of Primary Agency

t Responsibility of each Support Agencies

t Emergency toolkits

t Operational checklists

t Equipment Damage Assessment

t On-site operations

t Planning check list

t Deactivation checklist

t List of PSUs and Private Agencies


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HANDBOOKS- Handbook on Disaster

Telecommunication Assistance

- Handbook on Team Equipment andInventory

- Responsibilities of Primary Agency

- Responsibil it ies of each SupportAgency

CHECKLISTS- Emergency tool kits

- Operational checklists

- Equipment Damage Assessment

- On-site operations

- Planning checklist

- Deactivation checklist

- List of PSUs and Private Agencies


- Initial incomplete picture of damage

- Communication impaired

ACTIVATION- Radio communication with local

EOC

- Identify operational te lecomfacilities

- Identify requirement of additionaltelecom facilities

- Plan action of private te lecomcompanies

- Establ ish temporary mobileexchanges on priority

- Temporary communication facilityfor the public

RESPONSE- Responsible for coordination of national

actions to ensure the provis ion oftelecommunication support to the Centre,State and District response elements

ESF No. 1Communications

PRIMARY AGENCY

Ministry of Communication

HANDBOOKS

D E A C T I V A T I O N

Preparedness

and

updation

of

handbooks

and

inventory

DEACTIVATION- Retrieval of personnel

- Retrieval of mobile telecom equipment

RESPONSIBILITIES- Coordination of national actions

to ensure the provision of tele-communication support to theCentre, State and District

- Coordinate the requirement oftemporary telecommunication inthe affected areas

- Provide human services under theMinistry of Communication

SUPPORT AGENCIES1. Ministry of Civil Aviation

2. Ministry of Defence

3. Ministry of Surface Transport

4. Ministry of Agriculture

5. Ministry of Power

6. Ministry of InformationTechnology

7. Ministry of Heavy Industries



Public Health and Sanitation

Primary Agency

t Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

Secondary Agencies

t Ministry of Transport

t Ministry of Power


t Ministry of Animal Husbandry andDairying



t Ministry of Home

t Ministry of Urban Development andPoverty Alleviation

t Ministry of Water Resources

t Voluntary Agencies and PSUs

Purpose

The purpose of ESF2 is to provideGovernment of India coordinated assistanceto supplement State and Local resources inresponse to public health and medical careneeds following a significant natural or man-made disaster. Under ESF 2 Ministry ofHealth and Family Welfare directs sanitationand medical assistance to the affected State.Resources will be furnished when the Stateand District resources are overwhelmed andmedical and/or public health assistance isrequested from the Central government.


t Sudden outbreak of epidemic ormedical emergency as an aftermath ofdisaster such as earthquake, flood,landslide, fire, etc.

t Contamination of water and food

t Unhygienic and unclean surroundingsin the disaster affected site

t Disruption of communication andtransport facilities as a result of otherdisasters

t Disruption of laboratory and hospitalfacilities

t The damage and destruction by anynatural disaster will produce urgentneed for counselling for disaster victimsand response personnel

t Disruption of sanitation services andfacilities, loss of power and massing ofpeople in shelters may increase thepossibility of disease and injury

Activities on Receipt of Warning or Activa-tion of National EOC

t ESF2 should become operationalwithin 2 hours of notification

t Appoint one personnel as NodalHealth Officer for the affected area

t Ensure that personnel working withinthe State come under the direction andcontrol of State Nodal Health Officer

t The National level personnel oncedeployed will directly come under thecontrol of the Nodal Health Officer atthe State

t Determine types of injuries, illnessesexpected, drugs and other medicalitems required, and accordingly ensurethat extra supply of medical items canbe obtained quickly

t Provide information to the entirehospital staff about the disaster, likelydamage and effects, and informationabout ways to protect equipment andproperty

t Prepare an area of the hospital forreceiving large number of casualties


Responsibilities of Primary Agencies

t To coordinate, direct and integratenational level response to providemedical and sanitation healthassistance to the affected area.

t Till the State ESF2 becomesoperational, collection, analysis anddissemination of requests for medicaland public health assistance will be theresponsibility of National ESF2 withthe assistance of Department of Health.Once State ESF2 is operational theresponsibility will be transferred to itand it will act as support to the Statefor providing medical assistance.

t Direct the activation of health/medicalpersonnel, supplies and equipment inresponse to the request for nationalassistance.

t Coordinate evacuation of patients fromthe disaster area when it is consideredimportant by the State authoritiesaccording to the nature of injury andthe priority of evacuation. Patientswhose injuries do not pose any threatto their health are discharged after firstaid.

t Provide human services assistanceunder the Department of Health.

t To prepare and keep ready MobileHospitals and stock them withemergency equipment that may berequired after the disaster.

t Check stocks of equipment and drugswhich are likely to be required after thedisaster. These can be categorised as:

t Treatment of cuts and fractures suchas tetanus, toxoid, analgesics andantibiotics.

t Drugs used for the treatment of water-borne diseases including oralrehydration supplies.

t Burns and fire infections

t Detoxification including breathingequipment.

t Fissure material

t Surgical dressing

t Plaster rolls

t Disposable needles and syringes

t Local antiseptics

t There should be a specialised team ofdoctors for a particular kind of injury.


t Detailed checklist of symptoms ofcommon diseases along with medicinedosages

t Checklist of doctor’s tool kit forspecialised doctors

t Checklist for maintaining hygienicconditions

t Disaster Health Assistance and theemergency services

t Team Equipment and Inventory

t Responsibilities- Primary/Supportagencies

t Minimum standards of health facilities

t Location of health facilities in thedisaster area (map)

t Information manual for biologicaldisaster

t Doctors manual for emergency relief





t Planning check list

t Qualification of health personnel

t Checklist of doctor’s tool kit

t Symptoms of common ailments


t Dosages checklist for commonepidemics and ailments during adisaster·


ESF No. 2Public Health and Sanitation

PRIMARY AGENCY

Ministry of Health &Family Welfare

1. Ministry of Power

2. Ministry of Transport


4. Ministry of Animal Husbandry andDairying

5. Ministry of Agriculture

6. Ministry of Communication

7. Ministry of Home Affairs

8. Ministry of Urban Dev. andPoverty Alleviation

9. Ministry of Water Resources

RESPONSIBILITIES- To coordinate, direct and

integrate national level response

- Direct activation of medicalpersonnel , supplies andequipment

- Coordinate the evacuation ofpatients

- Provide human services underthe dept of health.

- To prepare and keep ready MobileHospitals and stock

- Check stocks of equipment anddrugs

DEACTIVATION- Retrieval to L0 activities of health personnel

- Retrieval of health and sanitation equipment

- Accountability and return of equipment by allpersonnel to logistic sections

- Ensure all patient records are complete andsubmitted to the EOC

HANDBOOKS- Disaster Health Assistance- Team Equipment and Inventory- Responsibilities- Primary/Support Agencies- Minimum standards of health facilities- Location of health facilities in disaster area- Information manual for Biological

Disaster Management- Doctors Manual for Emergencies

CHECKLISTS- Emergency tool kits- Operational checklists- Equipment Damage Assessment- On-site operations- Planning checklist- Qualification of health personnel- Checklist of doctor’s tool kit- Symptoms of common ailments- Deactivation checklist- Dosages checklist for common epidemics

and ailments during disasters

PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS- Outbreak of epidemic or medical emergency as

secondary disaster- Contamination of water and food- Unclean disaster affected site- Disruption of communication and transport

facilities- Disruption of labs and hospital- Urgent need for mental health crisis counsel for

disaster victims- Disruption of sanitation facilities, loss of power

and massing of people in shelters may increasedisease and injury

ACTIVATION- ESF to be operational on 2 hrs. of notification- Determine type of injuries, illnesses and

medicines needed- Provide information to all the hospitals on

likely damage and expected injuries

RESPONSE- Provide systematic approach to patient care

- Perform medical evaluation and treatmentas needed

- Maintain patient tracking system to keeprecord of all patients treated

HANDBOOKS

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SUPPORT AGENCIES



Power

Primary Agency

t Ministry of Power

Secondary Agencies




t Ministry of Heavy Industries andPublic Enterprises

t Ministry of Non-Conventional EnergySources

t Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas

Purpose

To facilitate restoration of energysystems after a natural disaster.


t There will be wide spread prolongedelectricity failure

t There will be panic hoarding of fuel insome parts of the affected area

t Accessibility to the affected area isdifficult


t Establish radio communications withthe EOC

t Do a quick damage assessment whichshould include the following:

t High tension lines

t Substations

t Transformers

t Insulators

t Poles

t Other equipment

t Prepare a First Assessment Report inconjunction with other ESFs for theCRC to take further decisions

t Prepare a list of resources required afterthe first assessment

t Appoint a Nodal Officer – Power forthe affected area at the Centre

t Check emergency tool kits

t Assist authorities to reinstate generatorsfor public facilities such as

t Hospitals

t Water supply and drainage board

t Police stations

t Telecommunication buildings

t Meteorological stations

t Review the total extent of damage topower supply installations by areconnaissance survey

t Dispatch emergency repair teamsequipped with tools, tents and food

t Hire casual labour and brief them aboutthe situation for clearing of damagedpoles, etc.

t Prepare a detail report of the damage

t Establish temporary electricity suppliesfor relief material warehouses


t Handbook on Disaster PowerAssistance



t Responsibility of each Support Agency

t Manuals on handling of equipmentwhich is unique to a particular disaster

t Emergency tool kits





t Planning checklist



t Minimum qualifications andequipment required for personnel inEOC and on-site



PRIMARY AGENCY

Ministry of Power

SUPPORT AGENCIES1. Ministry of Agriculture


3. Ministry of Transport

4. Ministry of Heavy Industries andPublic Enterprises

5. Ministry of Non-ConventionalEnergy Sources

6. Ministry of Petroleum andNatural Gas

RESPONSIBILITIES- Provide and coordinate

national support unti l theLocal authorities are preparedto handle all power relatedproblems

- Identify requirements ofexternal equipment

- Assess damage for nationalassistance

DEACTIVATION- Stock taking of resources utilised

- Review status of on-site teams

- Brief to EOC and on-site staff for termination ofL3 activities

- Ensure that all personnel are responsible for theequipment used and returned to logistic sectionsof the EOC








- Minimum qualifications and equipmentrequired for personnel in EOC and on-site


PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS- There will be widespread prolonged

electricity failure

- There will be panic hoarding of fuel insome areas of the affected area

RESPONSE- Support to Local Administration

- Review the total extent of damage to the powersupply installations by a reconnaissance survey

- Dispatch emergency repair teams equipped withtools, tents and food

- Hire casual labour for the clearing of damagedpoles, etc.

ESF No. 3Power

HANDBOOKS- Handbook on Disaster Power

Assistance



- Responsibility of each Support Agency

- Manuals on handling of equipmentunique to each disaster

ACTIVATION- Establish radio communications with

the EOC

- Quick damage assessment

- Prepare a list of resources required afterthe first assessment

- Appoint a Nodal Officer - Power forthe affected area at the Centre

- Check emergency tool kits

HANDBOOKS

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Preparedness

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Transport

Primary Agency

Ministry of Surface Transport/Ministry ofRailways

Secondary Agencies

Ministry of Agriculture

Ministry of Defence

Ministry of Home Affairs

Ministry of Civil Aviation

Ministry of Communications

Ministry of Power

Ministry of Urban Development andPoverty Alleviation

Purpose

The purpose of ESF4 is to provide for thecoordination of Central transport supportto the State and the Local government. ESF4 coordinates the use of transportationresources to support the needs of emergencysupport forces requiring transportationcapacity to perform their emergencyresponse, recovery and assistance missions.It also works with outside agencies fortransportation coordination and preparesresource requests for assistance when needed.


t The State civil transportationinfrastructure will sustain damage,limiting access to the disaster area.

t Access will improve as routes arecleared and repaired or as detours arebuilt.

t The requirements of the transportationcapacity will exceed the capacity of theState control or accessible assets,demanding assistance from theNational Government.

t The movement of relief supplies willcreate congestion in the transportationservices and hamper restoration of thesystem.

Activities on Receipt of Warning or Activa-tion of EOC

t Arrange for transport to the affectedarea

t Tractor shovel

t Tipper

t Auxiliary jeeps

t All new construction and repairactivities should be halted and securedwith sandbags, tarpaulins, etc.

t Polythene for the protection of freightand equipment should be arranged for

t All perishable and breakable itemsshould be loaded in lorries andpadlocked

t Reserve stocks for fuel should bechecked

t Inspection of all bridges by a bridgeengineer including an under watersurvey of foundations, piers andabutments should be done. A fullcheck on all concrete and steel worksshould be included and repairs carriedout

t Continuous regular weeding andcleaning of ditches should be carriedout by the maintenance engineer staff

Responsibilities

t Overall coordination of the Centre andthe civil transportation capacity insupport of Central, State and Localgovernment entities

t Restoration of roads and the emergencysupply routes should be carried out first

t Coordination and implementation of


emergency related response andrecovery functions performed under theMinistry of Surface Transport includingthe prioritisation and/or allocation ofcivil transport, air and marine trafficcontrol, search and rescue and damageassessment.


t Inventories of available transportfacilities



t Handbook on transport assistance



t Operational check slists



t Formats for check of bridges and othersteel works





ESF No. 4Transportation

PRIMARY AGENCY

Ministry of SurfaceTransport/Ministry of

Railways

SUPPORT AGENCIES

- Ministry of Agriculture

- Ministry of Defence

- Ministry of Home Affairs

- Ministry of Civil Aviation

- Ministry of Communica-tions

- Ministry of Power

- Ministry of UrbanDevelopment and PovertyAlleviation

- Ministry of Railways

RESPONSIBILITIES- Overall coordination of the

Centre and the civi ltransportation capacity insupport of Central, Stateand Local governmententities

- Restoration of roads

- Coordination of andimplement emergencyrelated response andrecovery functions, searchand rescue and damageassessment

HANDBOOKS- Responsibilities of Primary

Agency

- Responsibility of each supportagency

- Handbook on transportassistance

- Handbook on teamEquipment and Inventory

CHECKLISTS- Emergency toolkits


- Equipment DamageAssessment


- Formats for check of bridgesand other steel works



- List of PSUs and PrivateAgencies

PLANNINGASSUMPTIONS

- Infrastructure damage limitingaccess

- Routes will be cleared, detoursbuilt

- Requirement of thetransportation capacity willexceed the State capacity

- Relief activit ies wil l createcongestion to the transportroutes and hamper the repairactivity

ACTIVATION- Arrange for transport for the

affected area- All ongoing construction should

be halted with appropriatemeasures

- Inspection of all the bridges- All goods should be

appropriately packed

RESPONSE- Reserve stocks for fuel should be

checked

- Polythene for the protection of freightand equipment

DEACTIVATION- Take stock of all national assets available during

disaster and other logistic support

- Support to the State machinery and gradualretrieval of the additional support

- Inform all the additional support teams for thedeactivation stage

HANDBOOKS

L0

A

C

T

I

V

I

T

Y

L3

A

C

T

I

V

I

T

Y

Preparedness

and

updation

of

handbooks

and

inventories




Search and Rescue

Primary Agency


Secondary Agencies


t Ministry of Science and Technology


t Ministry of Heavy Industries and

Public Enterprises

t Ministry of Home Affairs



t Voluntary Agencies and PSUs

Purpose

The purpose of ESF 5 is to provide specialised

life saving assistance to state and Local

authorities in the event of a major disaster

or emergency. Its operational activities

include locating, extricating and providing

on-site medical treatment to victims trapped

in collapsed structures


t State and Local machinery will be

overwhelmed and unable to respond to

all requirements.

t Local residents, workers or volunteers

may initiate some search and rescue but

will lack specialised techniques.

Spontaneous volunteers will require

coordination.

t Access to damage area will be limited.

Some sites may be accessible only

through air or water.


t Conduct a quick and comprehensive

SAR which needs assessment

t Provide SAR management and

coordination assistance to the affected

State EOC team

t SAR should include teams specialised

in:

t Medical first response

t Collapse structure search andrescue

t Discharge all ambulatory patients

whose release does not pose health risk

to them. If possible they should be

transported home

t Non-ambulatory patients such as

should be relocated to safer areas

following:

t Seriously injured and sick

t Children, women andhandicapped

t Old

t Able-bodied

Responsibilities

t Establish, maintain and manage

national search and rescue response

system. These responsibilities include

equipment purchase and evaluation of

operation readiness.

t Provide on the site quick lessons to the

volunteers so as to have a coordinated

SAR of the victims.

t Coordinate search and rescue logistics

during field operations.

t Provide status reports of SAR updates

throughout the affected areas.


Standards to be Developed

t Training handbooks on MFR and

CSSR

t Inventory of volunteers who havealready completed the coursesuccessfully and can be utilised in thesearch and rescue operations



t Responsibility of each support agency



t Medical tool kits

t On-site aerial surveys

t MFR and CSSR kits


t List of PSUs and Private Agencies/NGOs working in the area


PRIMARY AGENCY

Ministry of Defence

SUPPORT AGENCIES- Ministry of Agriculture

- Ministry of Science andTechnology

- Ministry of Health and FamilyWelfare

- Ministry of Heavy Industry andPublic Enterprise

- Ministry of Home

- Ministry of Surface Transport


RESPONSIBILITIES- Establish, maintain and manage

national search and rescueresponse system.

- Coordinate search and rescuelogist ics during f ie ldoperations.

- Provide status reports of SARupdates throughout theaffected areas.

DEACTIVATION- Brief team personnel on the mission status,

reassignment and demobilisation

- All equipment is returned to the logistics section



- Medical tool kits

- On-site aerial surveys

- MFR and CSSR kits



- List of PSUs and Private Agencies/NGOs working in the area

PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS- Local residents, workers or volunteers

may initiate some search and rescue butwill lack specialised techniques

- Spontaneous volunteers will requirecoordination

- Access to damage area will be limited.Some sites may be accessible onlythrough air or water

RESPONSE- GIS is used to make an estimate of the damage

area and the deployment of the SAR team inthe area according to priority

- Discharge all ambulatory patients for the firstaid which has the least danger to health and theothers transported to safer areas

ESF No. 5Search and Rescue

HANDBOOKS- Training handbooks on MFR and CSSR




ACTIVATION- Quick assessment of the SAR

operations through Aerial surveys

- Provide SAR management andcoordination assistance

- Medical ass istance and col lapsedbuilding structure SAR

HANDBOOKS

L0

A

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I

V

I

T

Y

L3

A

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I

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I

T

Y


Preparedness

and

updation

of

handbooks

and

inventory



Donation Management

Primary Agency

t Ministry of Disaster Management

Secondary Agencies

t Ministry of Finance


t Ministry of External Affairs



t Ministry of Commerce and Industry

Purpose

Donation management is necessary tocontrol the flow of goods and services into adisaster area. If trucks, trains, ships andplanes are allowed into the disaster area todrop their donations, they can easilyinterfere with other ongoing disasterresponse operations. Uncontrolled shipmentsof donations can also put undue burden ondisaster response operations as they reqiurethe scarce response resources. Above all, it isnecessary to manage the flow of donatedgoods to be sure that the needs of disastervictims are being met as effectively aspossible.

The purpose of this function is to expeditethe delivery of voluntary goods and servicesto support relief effort in a coordinatedmanner.

Concept of Operations

A team of voluntary agency representative(VASUDEVA) and Ministry of Social Justiceand Empowerment are the best to managedonations. The Director, RehabilitationCouncil of India can act as the CentralCoordinating Officer for DonationCoordinating Centre. The DonationCoordination Team will be operating at the

State level with State Donation Coordinator.The key is to give the public the opportunityas early as possible after a disaster or in caseof imminent disasters (cyclone) to interactwith the Central Coordinating Officer andthe voluntary agency representative to findout what is really needed by the disastervictims, whom to send the goods to and howto send the goods.


t Donation Management responseactivities are necessary before thedeclaration of a disaster as L3 and hencerequire rapid coordination to mitigatepotential donations problems in theresponse phase of disaster operations.

t In the event of a disaster causing large-scale loss of life and destruction ofproperty, donors both national andinternational will offer assistance ofvirtually any kind, including cash (PMRelief Fund), goods, equipment andloan of equipment and services of anindividual.

t Offers of assistance will be madeavailable directly to all levels ofgovernment-Centre, State and local, aswell as voluntary organisations.

t In less than L3 level of disaster or highvisibility disasters, donationmanagement will be handled byvoluntary organisations with or withoutCentre and State involvement.

Donation Sectors

t Donations come from a variety ofsources:

t General public (Citizens)

t Public and Private sectororganisations

t Civic Associations (Clubs etc.)

t International Community


Types of Donations

t Food and water

t Clothes

t Medicines

t Tools, generators, vehicles

t Cleaning supplies

t Building supplies

t Monetary help

t Baby items

The Need

Experienced voluntary agencies and localcommunity leaders best determine the needsin the disaster area. Moreover, the voluntaryagencies know their capacity to accept offers.

The entire donation should reach theCollection Point from the Point of Departure.The Donation Coordinating Team (DCT)

based at the State will coordinate with theDonation Coordinating Centre to distributethe donations as per the need of the victims.

In each State there should be the provision

for toll free numbers and people can use

these numbers and request for their needs

and what donation they would like to make.

Such information will be put into the

database and transmitted immediately to the

DCT at the State. The team of donation

specialists in the field will call back the donor

to inform of the special needs and arrange

the shipping, receiving and distribution of

goods by the Donation Coordinating Centre.


t Guidelines on specific types of items

t Guide for developing a donation needs

list to be prepared by the Voluntary

DonationCoordinationCentre

VASUDEVAVolunteers

Collection and sorting points

DonorInventory

Ministry ofDisasterManagement

Toll free numbers

Point of Arrival ataffected State

Donation Coordination Team headed byState Coordinating Officer

Point of Departure(POD)

Affected site

VII.1 Manpower/Material Flow Chart of DonationsVII.1 Manpower/Material Flow Chart of DonationsVII.1 Manpower/Material Flow Chart of DonationsVII.1 Manpower/Material Flow Chart of DonationsVII.1 Manpower/Material Flow Chart of Donations


Agencies (family pack or mass relief

pack, colour coding)

t Emergency toolkits (first aid items)


t On-site operations check list and thecoordinating field station map





t Guide for developing donations needslist

t Handbook on Disaster DonationAssistance

t Handbook on team Equipment andInventory


t Responsibilities of each support agency

t Guidelines on specific items andcontinued response for donation andrelief management


PRIMARY AGENCY

Ministry of DisasterManagement

SUPPORT AGENCIES- Ministry of Finance

- Ministry of Defence

- Ministry of External Affairs

- Ministry of Transport


- Ministry of Commerce and Industry

RESPONSIBILITIES- Coordinate following Donation

Sectors:

- General public

- Public and Private sectororganisations

- Civic Associations (Clubs etc.)

- International Community

- Local/State governments

DEACTIVATION- Retrieval of donation management desks

- Stocking of excess donation for future use

- Sending out deactivation messages for endingreceipt of donations

- Listing and sorting and updation of inventoriesfor future use








- Guidelines on specific types of items

- Guide for developing a donations needslist

- Checklist of Relief packs

PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS- Rapid coordination to mitigate

potential donations problems isrequired

- Donors both national and internationalwill offer assistance of virtually any kind

- Offers of assistance will be madeavai lable direct ly to al l levels ofgovernment-Centre, State and local-aswell as the voluntary organisations

ACTIVATION- Set up donation management desk at

transport junction

- Prepare a list of requirements accordingto socio-cultural needs of the area

- Coordinate transportation of materialfrom different parts of the country

ESF No. 6Donation Management

HANDBOOKS- Handbook on Disaster Donation

Assistance




- Guidelines on specific items

- Relief packs, etc.

HANDBOOKS

L0

A

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I

V

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Y

L3

A

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T

I

V

I

T

Y



- Allocate and specify type of requirementsdepending on need

- Organise donation(materia l) for easydistribution before entering disaster site

Preparedness

and

updation

of

Handbooks

and

Inventories



Public Works and Engineering

Primary Agency


Secondary Agencies


t Ministry of Power

t Ministry of Home Affairs

t Ministry of Labour

t Ministry of Communications


t Ministry of Urban Development andPoverty Alleviation

Purpose

Provides technical advice and evaluation,engineering services, contracting forconstruction management and inspection,contracting for emergency repair of waterand waste water treatment facilities, potablewater, emergency power, real estate supportto assist the States in meeting goals relatedto life sustaining actions, damage mitigationand recovery activities following a majordisaster. Provide public works andengineering support to assist needs relatedto life saving or life protecting support priorto, during and immediately following anevent. Perform immediate damageassessment of the infrastructure.

Planning assumptions

t Access to disaster area will depend uponthe re-establishment of ground andwater routes

t Early damage assessment may beincomplete, inaccurate and general andrapid assesment may be required todetermine response time

t Significant number of persons havingengineering skills will be required fromoutside the disaster area

t Previously inspected structures willrequire re-evaluation if aftershocksoccur following an earthquake


t All technical officers should be notifiedand should meet the staff to reviewemergency procedure

t Review and update precautionarymeasures and procedures that shouldbe taken to protect equipment and thepost disaster procedures to be followed

t Inspect all roads, bridges includingunder water inspection of foundationsand piers. A full check should be madeon all concrete and steel works

t Inspect all buildings and structures ofthe State government by a seniorengineer and identify structures whichare endangered by the impendingdisaster

t Emergency tool kit should beassembled for each block of the affectedarea

t Establish a priority list of roads whichwill be opened first which shouldinclude roads to hospitals and maintrunk roads

t Identify locations for setting up transitand relief camps, feeding centres andinform the state EOC

t All work teams should be issued two-way communication link

t Provide a work team carryingemergency tool kits, depending on thenature of disaster and essentialequipment such as


t Towing vehicles

t Earth moving equipment

t Cranes

t Each unit should mobilise a farmtractor with chain, cables and a bufferstock of fuel

t Adequate road signs should be installedto guide and assist relief work

t Begin clearing roads. Assemble casuallabour to work with experienced staff,mobilise community assistance bycontacting community organisationand burning or removal of debris andrepair all paved and unpaved roadsurfaces

t Construct temporary roads to serve asaccess to temporary transit, relief campsand medical facilities

Responsibilities

t Pre-positioning assessment teamsheaded by the State coordinatingofficer and deployment of otheradvance elements

t Emergency clearing of debris to enablereconnaissance of the damaged areasand passage of emergency personneland equipment for life saving, propertyprotection and health and safety

t Removal and disposal management ofdebris from public property

t Emergency restoration of critical publicfacilities

t Inspection of all the buildings in theaffected area so as to check the safetyof the building for the aftershock andto reduce further damage

Standards to be developed

t By-laws for all disasters

t Check list of tool kit

t Inventory of engineering equipment

t Disaster specific and area specific

- Handbook on DisasterEngineering Assistance

- Handbook on Team Equipmentand Inventory

- Responsibilities of Primary Agencyand each Support Agency

- Guidelines on specific types ofitems/situations for specificdisasters

- Inventory of equipment/agencies/personnel

- Emergency tool kits

- Operational checklists for teamheads and team members


- Handling of heavy equipments


- Guidelines on specific types ofitems for each disaster

- Guide for by-laws to be followed

- Qualification of labour /other siteassistants


PRIMARY AGENCY

Ministry of Urban Affairs &Poverty Alleviation

SUPPORT AGENCIESMinistry of Power


Ministry of Labour

Ministry of Surface Transport


Ministry of Water Resources

Ministry of Urban Development andPoverty Alleviation

RESPONSIBILITIES- Pre-positioning assessment teams

headed by the state coordinatingofficer

- Emergency clearing of debris toenable reconnaissance

- Coordinate road clearing activitiesto assist local relief work

- Begin clearing roads. Assemblecasual labour

- Provide a work team carryingemergency tool kits, depending onthe nature of disaster, and essentialequipment such as

- Towing vehicles

- Earth moving equipments

- Cranes

- Construct temporary roads

- Keep national and other mainhighways clear from disaster effectssuch as debris etc.

DEACTIVATION- Retrieval of heavy equipment

- Stocking of equipment for repair etc

- Sending out deactivation messages to concernedofficials on-site

- Termination orders for labour and site assistantsfrom L3 activities

- Listing, sorting and updation of inventories forfuture use




- Handling of heavy equipments



- Guidelines on specific types of itemsfor each disaster

- Guide for by-laws to be followed

- Qualification of labour /other siteassistants

PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS- Access to disaster area will depend on

reestablishment of ground/water routes

- Early damage assessment may beinaccurate and rapid assessment may berequired to know response time

- Significant number of persons havingengineering skills will be required

- Previously inspected structures willrequire re-evaluation if aftershocks occurfollowing an earthquake

RESPONSE- Establish a priority list of roads which will be

opened first

- Identify locations for transit /relief camps

- Adequate road signs should be installed to guideand assist in relief work

ESF No. 7Public Works and Engineering

HANDBOOKS- Handbook on Disaster Enginnering

Assistance- Handbook on Team Equipment and

Inventory- Responsibilities of Primary Agency and

each Support Agency- Guidelines on specific types of items/

situations for specific disasters- Inventory of equipment / agencies/

personnel

ACTIVATION- All technical officers should be notified

- Review and update precautionarymeasures and procedures

- Inspect all roads, bridges

- Inspect all buildings and structures ofthe State government

HANDBOOKS

L0

A

C

T

I

V

I

T

Y

L3

A

C

T

I

V

I

T

Y


Preparedness

and

updation

of

handbooks

and

inventory



Information and Planning

Primary Agency


Support Agencies

t Ministry of Information andBroadcasting

t Ministry of Urban Affairs and PovertyAlleviation

t Ministry of Power

t Ministry of Science and Technology

Purpose

To collect, process and disseminateinformation about an actual or potentialdisaster situation to facilitate the overallactivities of all responders in providingassistance to an affected area.

The ESF on Information and Planningshould maintain a database of all disasterrelated information in the form of a GISenabled ‘Disk net’ that will allow easy accessand retrieval of information during a disaster.The Disk net will be the hub /storage pointfor activities that should be carried out forresponse activities and at the same timecontinue to update itself during the L0phase. It would enable and speed up thetranfer of digital information and prepare amammoth knowledge base that can betapped for assistance during a disaster. Thedatabase at the Centre can be linked withnodal knowledge institutions for variousdisasters. These institutions in turn can belinked to State level and subsequently locallevel information institutions in order toform a well networked country widedatabase.

During the response phase of a disasterall EOCs and each ESF can be directly linkedto the Disk net in order to access and know

about the status of relief and otherrequirements through out the country.


t There will be an immediate need forinformation by all officials, NGO’s andthe country at large

t There will be need for a centralcollection point where information canbe compiled and further planning ofresponse operations can be carried out

t Initial information centre may requireat least 24 hours to be fully operational


t ESF 9 should immediately commenceoperation at the receipt of a warningbefore the disaster

t It should establish contact with theconcerned local authorities, activeNGO’s and the Centre at the earliest

t Extra staff should be deployed at thedisaster site with communicationequipment to enable recovery planning

t Documentation of all response/reliefand recovery measures should be done

t Situation reports should be preparedand adequately completed every 3-4hours during the initial response phaseof a disaster

t Disk net should be updated andallowed access to information by keygovernment agencies

Responsibilities

t Enable local authorities to establishcontact with the state authorities

t Coordinate planning proceduresbetween District, State and the Centre

t Document all procedures

t Provide ready formats for all reportingprocedures


t Provide handbooks and checklists toall government functionaries


t Handbook on Disaster InformationAssistance



t Responsibility of each Support agency


t Disaster specific issues related to

information technology





t Handling of equipment



t List of Public Sector Units and PrivateAgencies



ESF No. 8Information and Planning

PRIMARY AGENCY

Ministry of InformationTechnology

SUPPORT AGENCIES- Ministry of Information and

broadcasting

- Ministry of Urban Affairs andPoverty Alleviation

- Ministry of Power


- Ministry of Communications

RESPONSIBILITIES- To col lect , process and

disseminate information aboutan actual or potential disastersituation to facilitate the overallactivities of all responders inproviding ass istance to anaffected area

- Apply GIS to speed otherfacilities of relief and search andrescue

- Enable local authorit ies toestablish contact with the Stateauthorities

- Coordinate planning proceduresbetween the District, the Stateand the Centre

- Documentation of al lprocedures at national level

- Provide ready formats for allreporting procedures as astandby





- Handling of equipment





PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS- Immediate need for information by

all officials, NGO’s and the countryat large

- There will be a need for a centralcollection point where informationcan be compiled

- Initial information centre mayrequire at least 24 hours to be fullyoperational

ACTIVATION

- Establishing contact with disaster site

- Send out a site team to asssess onsite information outlets

- Activation to commence on receiptof a warning before disaster

- Establish contact with the concernedlocal authorities, active NGOs andthe Centre

- Activate GIS for relief activities

RESPONSE- Documentation of response/relief

and recovery measures

- Situation reports to be prepared andcompleted every 3-4 hours

DEACTIVATION- Retrieval of EOC operations to L0 activities

- Stock taking of equipments used

- Sending out deactivation messages for endingreceipt of assistance

- Listing, sorting and updating of inventories forfuture use

- Announcements to all concerned ministries tocommence deactivation

HANDBOOKS

L0

A

C

T

I

V

I

T

Y

L3

A

C

T

I

V

I

T

Y

Preparedness

and

updation

of

handbooks

and

inventories


HANDBOOKS- Handbook on Disaster Information

Assistance



- Responsibil ity of each SupportAgency


- Disaster specific issues related toinformation technology



Relief Supplies

Primary Agency

t Ministry of Planning and ProgramImplementation

Support Agencies



t Ministry of Railways


t Ministry of Power


Voluntary agencies

t VASUDEVA

Purpose

The purpose is for coordinating activitiesinvolved with the emergency provisions oftemporary shelters, emergency mass feeding,and bulk distribution of coordinated reliefsupplies for victims of disaster. In someinstances, services may also be provided todisaster workers and logistical and resourcesupport to local entities involved indelivering emergency and recovery efforts,shelter, food, and emergency first aidfollowing a disaster. Operate a DisasterWelfare Information (DWI) System tocollect, receive, and report the status ofvictims and assist family reunification; andcoordinate bulk distribution of emergencyrelief supplies.


t Inventory of all relief supplies shouldbe prepared during peace time or L0phase of a disaster by the concerneddepartments

t All inventories are updated to suit thedisaster needs

t Most of the local resources might bedisrupted and outside resources(neighbouring States and Centre) mayneed to be tapped

t Transport of resources may require amobilization centre at nearestfunctional transport junctions


t Establish a mobilization Centre at theairport/railway station for themovement of relief supplies

t Deploy special aircrafts and trains forthe movement of relief supplies asplanned in the L0 phase

t Inform all suppliers of relief materialwithin 2-3 hours of the disaster to keepthe required supplies ready

t Arrange motor equipment fortransportation of relief supplies

t Provide assistance in establishing localoffices, relief camps etc., by providingbeddings, furniture etc

t Provide survival kits to relief workersbefore they leave for the disaster site

Responsibilities

t Locate, procure and issue resources toCentral agencies involved in disasterresponse

t Locate and coordinate space for disastermanagement activities

t Coordinate and determine theavailability of and provide non-ediblerelief supplies stocked during the L0phase

t Provide support for procurement oftelecom equipment for ESF No.2

t Coordinate the transfer of extra Centralproperty and dispose it where required


t Procure required stocks from vendorsand supply them to the disaster area


t Handbook on Relief suppliesAssistance


t Responsibilities of Primary Agency andeach Support Agency

t Guidelines on specific types of itemsfor each disaster

t Manual on disaster specific reliefoperations


t Operational checklists for team leadersand team members

t Handling/storage of relief supplies






t Guide for developing relief suppliesneeds list


ESF No. 9Relief supplies

SUPPORT AGENCIES- Ministry of Communication

- Ministry of information andBroadcasting


- Ministry of Surface transport

- Ministry of Power


- VASUDEVA

RESPONSIBILITIES- Coordinate activities involved

with the emergency provisions

- Temporary shelters

- Emergency mass feeding

- Bulk distribution

- To provide logist ical andresource support to localentities

- Operate a Disaster WelfareInformation (DWI) System tocollect, receive, and report thestatus of victims, assist familyreunification; and coordinatebulk distribution of emergencyrelief supplies

- In some instances, services alsomay be provided to disasterworkers



- Handling/storage of relief supplies






- Guide for developing relief suppliesneeds list

PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS- Rapid coordination to mitigate

potential donations problems isrequired

- Donors both national andinternational will offer assistance ofvirtually any kind

- Offers of assistance will be madeavailable directly to all levels ofgovernment-Centre, State and localas well as voluntary organisations

ACTIVATION- Set up donation management desk

at transport junction

- Prepare a l i st of requirementsaccording to socio-cultural needs ofthe area

- Coordinate transportat ion ofmaterial from different parts of thecountry

DEACTIVATION- Retrieval of EOC operations and personnel

- Stocking of excess supplies for future use

- Sending out decativation messages for endingreceipt of supplies

- Listing, sorting and updation of inventories forfuture use

HANDBOOKS

L0

A

C

T

I

V

I

T

Y

L3

A

C

T

I

V

I

T

Y


HANDBOOKS- Handbook on Relief supplies

Assistance


- Responsibilities of Primary Agencyand each Support Agency


- Manual on disaster specific reliefoperations

P

R

E

P

A

R

E

D

N

E

S

S


- Allocate and specify type of requirementsdepending on need

- Organise donation(material) for easydistribution before entering disaster site

PRIMARY AGENCY

Ministry of Planning &Program Implementation



FoodPrimary Agency

t Ministry of Food and Civil Supplies

Support Agencies

t Ministry of Surface transport


t Ministry of Railways

t Ministry of Social justice andEmpowerment

Purpose

To identify the basic needs of food in theaftermath of a disaster or emergency. Toobtain appropriate supplies and transportingsuch supplies to the disaster area and identify,secure, and arrange to transport foodassistance to the affected areas, and authorisefood stamp assistance following a majordisaster or emergency requiring Centralresponse.


t Most of the food processing units andsupplies may be disrupted

t Water supply and potable watersystems may be unusable

t There may be a total disruption ofenergy sources

t Activities on the receipt of warning oractivation of EOC

t Determine the critical need of foodfor the affected area people

t Catalogue of available resources offood

t Ensure that food distributed is fitfor human consumption

t Allocate food in different packs thatcan be given to families on a take-

home basis while others that canbe distributed in relief camps

t Initiate, direct and marketprocurement of critical foodavailable from different inventories

Responsibilities of Primary Agency

t Coordinate with local authorities andState officials to determine requirementof food for affected population

t Make emergency food suppliesavailable to State from nationalresources

t Ask other States that are geographicallyclose to the affected areas to send foodto the site

t Mobilise and coordinate with otherESFs for air dropping of food toaffected site

t Ensure quality and control the type offood

t Prepare separate food packs for reliefcamps and for air dropping anddistribution

t Prepare family packs as well as largequantity containers according to theneed and ease of distribution as well astransportation

t Control the quality and quantity offood that is distributed to the affectedpopulation

t Develop a plan that will ensure timelydistribution of food to the people

t Ensure that special care in fooddistribution is taken for women withinfants, pregnant women and children

Standards Required

t Checklist of food materials for:

t Family packs for four


t Family packs for two

t Food distribution in relief camps

t Minimum standards to maintain foodquality

t Catalogue available resources of food

t Handbook on food distribution




PRIMARY AGENCY

Ministry of Food and CivilSupplies

SUPPORT AGENCIES- Ministry of Surface Transport



- Ministry of Social Justice andEmpowerment

RESPONSIBILITIES- Ensuring food requirements of

affected population

- Control the quality and quantityof food

- Ensure timely distribution of foodto the people

- Ensure that al l food that isdistr ibuted is f i t for humanconsumption

DEACTIVATION- Provide addit ional support during the

rehabilitation stage

- Advise the affected population about safe andappropriate use and preparation of food

- Training and supervision mechanism are in place

CHECKLISTS- Checklist of food materials for

- Family packs for four

- Family packs for two

- Food distribution in relief camps

- Minimum standards to maintain foodquality

- Catalogue available resources of food

PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS- Food and water processing units and

supplies may be disrupted

- Total disruption of energy sources

RESPONSE- Make emergency food supplies available to the

population

ESF No. 10Food

HANDBOOKS- Handbook on Food distribution



ACTIVITY- Init iate, direct and market

procurement of critical food availablefrom different inventories

- Allocate food in different packs that canbe given to families on a take-homebasis

- Special care in food distribution istaken for women with infants, pregnantwomen and children

HANDBOOKS

L0

A

C

T

I

V

I

T

Y

L3

A

C

T

I

V

I

T

Y

Preparedness

and

updation

of

handbooks

and

inventory




Drinking Water and Water Supply

Primary Agency


Support Agencies

t Ministry of Rural Development

t Ministry of Health and Family welfare

t Ministry of Consumer Affairs and

Public Distribution


Purpose

To provide a minimum quantity of clean

drinking water and to reduce the spread of

diseases through water during disaster times

and to allow people to perform daily tasks.


t Most of the water available will be

unfit for drinking

t Existing storage bodies of water will be

damaged and unusable

t There will be an urgent need of water

to assist victims in rescue operation


t Setting up water points in key locations

and in relief camps

t Maintaining and providing clean

water

Responsibilities

t Procurement of clean drinking water

t Transportation of water with minimum

wastage

t Special care for women with infants

and pregnant women

t Ensure that sewer pipes and drainage

lines are kept separate from drinking

water facilities

t Provide chlorine tablets to people in

affected area

t Providing clean drinking water at

regular intervals in case of disruption

of water pipe lines

t Locate drinking water facilities separate

from sewer and drainage facilities

t Ensure that the remaining or unaffected

sources of water do not get

contaminated and the distribution of

water is equal to all victims in the area.

t Identify and mark damaged water

pipelines and contaminated water

bodies and inform disaster victims

against using them

t Inform other related ESFs of damaged

pipelines for repair work


t Handbook on Disaster Drinking water

Assistance

t Handbook on Team Equipment and

Inventory



t Inventories of agencies that can provide

drinking water

t Procedures for storing of water to

maintain purity

t Minimum standards for safe drinking

water

t Minimum quantity of water

requirement per person


PRIMARY AGENCY

Ministry of Water Resources

SUPPORT AGENCIES- Ministry of Rural Development

- Ministry of Health and Familywelfare

- Ministry of Consumer Affairs andPublic Distribution


- Voluntary agencies

RESPONSIBILITIES- Procurement of clean drinking

water

- Transpor tat ion of water withminimum wastage

- Special care for women with infantsand pregnant women

- Ensure that sewer pipes anddrainage are kept seperate fromdrinking water facilities

DEACTIVATION- Staff with technical and management

responsibilities has access to support

- Respond to unmet needs identified by anassessment which has to meet minimum standards

CHECKLISTS- Inventories of agencies that can provide

drinking water

- Procedures for storing water tomaintain purity

- Minimum standards for safe drinkingwater

- Minimum quantity of waterrequirement per person

PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS- Most of the water available will be unfit

for drinking

- Existing storage bodies of water may bedamaged and unusable

- There will be an urgent need of waterto assist victims in rescue operation


- Water purification installation with halogentablets etc

- Hygiene promotion with the availability ofmobile toilets

ESF No.11Drinking Water and Water Supply

HANDBOOKS- Handbook on Disaster Drinking water

Assistance




ACTIVITY- Setting up water points in key locations

and in relief camps

- Maintaining water purity

- Providing chlorine tablets to people inaffected area

- Providing clean drinking water atregular intervals in case of disruptionof water pipe lines

- Locating drinking water faci l it iesseparate from sewer and drainagefacilities

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Shelter

Primary Agency

t Ministry of Urban Affairs and PovertyAlleviation

Support Agencies

t Ministry of Power

t Ministry of Home affairs

t Ministry of Labour


t Ministry of Communications


t Ministry of Heavy Industries andPublic Enterprise

t Central Building Research Institute(CBRI)

PSUs

t HUDCO

t BMTPC

Purpose

To meet the physical needs of individuals,families and communities for safe, secure andcomfortable living space. The ESF shouldalso be able to meet primary social needs ofincorporating self-management in theprocess.


t Most of the existing structures may beseverely damaged

t The offices of the local authorities andPWD departments may be affectedadversely

t Local sources of heavy machinery andclearance equipment may also not beaccessible

t External sources of heavy machinery for

clearance may be required from existinginventories

t Large population in the affected areamay be rendered homeless

t Some of the open areas that can be usedas relief and shelter sites may also bebadly affected


t Locate adequate relief camps based onsurvey of damage

t Quick assessment of functional andstable building structures

t Clear areas for setting up relief camps

t In case of damage to offices, assist localauthorities to establish and houseimportant telecom equipment andofficials at the earliest

t Develop alternative arrangements forthe population living in structures thatmight be affected even after the disaster(earthquakes, floods etc.)

t Set up relief camps and tents usinginnovative methods that save time

Responsibilities

t A quick assessment of damaged areasand areas that can be used for reliefcamps for the displaced population

t Survey of population that can beprovided assistance at their own placeand need not be shifted to relief camps

t Locate relief camps close to open trafficand transport links

t Provide adequate and appropriateshelter to the entire population

t Adhere to minimum standards forsetting up relief camps

t Provide shelter structures in accordancewith the climate of the area andtransportation conditions


t Keep families together as far as possiblein relief camps. If not, then mothersand their children should be kepttogether

t Ensure that temporary shelters are notprone to leakage and breakage as far aspossible

t Assist other ESFs in equipping shelterand relief sites with basic needs ofcommunication and sanitation


t Inventories of manufacturing agencies

t Procedures of storage

t Minimum standards for relief camps

t Minimum standards of requirements ofspace per person




t Handbook on tent structure and othercollapsible structures

t Handbook on assembling of structures

t Inventories of agencies that can be usedfor the tent establishment

t Minimum standards for shelter

t Relief camps

t Tents and other temporary structures

t Location of camps for different disasters

t Existing locations that can be used forshelter

t Minimum standards for buildings tobe used as relief camps


ESF No.12Shelter

PRIMARY AGENCY

Ministry of Urban Affairsand Poverty alleviation

SUPPORT AGENCIES- Ministry of Power


- Ministry of Labour

- Ministry of Surface Transport


- Ministry of Water Resources

- Ministry of Heavy Industriesand Public Enterprise

- CBRI

- PSUs

- HUDCO

- BMTPC

RESPONSIBILITIES- Provide adequate and

appropriate shelter to theentire population

- Quick assessment andidentifying the area for theestablishment of relief camps

- Identifying the populationwhich can be provided withsupport in their own place andneed not be shifted/reallocated

- Locate relief camps close toopen traffic and transport links

CHECKLISTS- Inventories of agencies that can

be used for tent establishment

- Minimum standards for shelter

- Relief camps

- Tents and other temporarystructures

- Location of camps for differentdisasters

- Minimum standards for buildingsto be used as relief camps

PLANNINGASSUMPTIONS

- Existing structures are severelydamaged

- The offices of the local authoritiesand PWD affected adversely

- Heavy machinery and clearanceequipment may also not beaccessible

- Large populat ion renderedhomeless

ACTIVITY- Quick assessment of functional

and stable building

- Clearing of the areas forestablishment of relief camps

- Set up relief camps and tents usinginnovative methods that can savetime

- Assist local authorities to set upimportant telecom and otherservices facilities


- Locate adequate relief camps based onsurvey of damage

- Develop alternative arrangements forpopulation l iving in structures thatmight be affected even after the disaster

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- Responsibi l i t ies of PrimaryAgency

- Responsibility of each SupportAgency

- Handbook on tent structure

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DEACTIVATION- Activities related to the rehabilitation process

- Affected population is included in the shelterprogramme

- Volunteers are trained, supervised and equippedadequately to carry out the resettlement efficiently



Media

Primary Agency


Support Agencies






t Ministry of Science and technology

t Press Trust of India (PTI)

Voluntary Agencies

t VASUDEVA

t Indian Red Cross

Purpose

To provide and collect reliable informationon the status of the disaster and disastervictims for effective coordination of reliefwork at the State level as well as the nationaland international levels.


t Most of the existing media networkwould have undergone heavy damage

t It may not be possible to get accurateinformation from the affected areawithin the first few hours of the disaster


t Send news flashes of latest updates/donation requirements for disaster areaall over the country

t Use appropriate means ofdisseminating information to allvictims in the affected area

t Curb the spread of rumours

t Caution the victims about the do’s anddont’s during a disaster

Responsibilities

t Acquire accurate scientific informationfrom the Ministry of Science andTechnology

t Coordinate with all TV and radionetworks to send news flashes forspecific needs of donation

t Develop appropriate graphics andpictures to assist relief work and spreaduseful information in the disasteraffected area

t Not to intrude on the privacy ofindividuals and families whilecollecting information

t Coordinate with the EOCs at theairport and railways for requiredinformation for international andnational relief workers

t Deploy trained media personnel whoare experienced

t Provide information of emergencynumbers and other key contactnumbers on television, throughnewspapers, loud speakers and radionetworks

t Keep the rest of the country updatedand well informed about the status ofthe disaster

t Help victims as well as emergencyworkers in providing informationregarding hospitals, help desks etc

t Acquire and flash names of disastervictims on television and radionetworks

t Provide information on basic do’s anddont’s

t Flash warning signals on all TV andradio networks

t Inform unaffected population abouthospitals where they can find victimsand where assisstance is required

t Inform unaffected population of bloodbanks



t Media personnel on-site

t Disaster specific media operations

t Catering to all the 31 disastersmentioned in the HPC

t Media personnel in the EOC

t Manual for ESF Head

t Types of information required for eachdisaster

t Checklists of do’s and don’ts in adisaster site, specific to each disaster

t Checklist of queries to be made on site

t Checklist of appropriate graphics and

pictures to assist relief work and spread

useful information in the disaster

affected area

t Standard operating procedures and

responsibilities of Radio and TV

stations

100100100100100 NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS

ESF No. 13Media

PRIMARY AGENCY

Ministry of Information andBroadcasting

SUPPORT AGENCIES- Ministry of Information

Technology

- Ministry of Transport

- Ministry of Communication

- Ministry of Health and FamilyWelfare



RESPONSIBILITIES- To provide and collect reliable

information on the status of thedisaster and disaster victims foreffective coordination of reliefwork at State level

- Not to intrude on the privacyof individuals and families whilecollecting information

- Coordinate with EOC’s atairports and rai lways forrequired information oninternational and national reliefworkers

- Acquire accurate scientificinformation from the Ministryof Science and Technology

- Coordinate with all TV andradio networks to send newsflashes for specific needs ofdonation

- Respect the socio-cultural andemotional state of the disastervict ims while col lect inginformation for dissemination

CHECKLISTS- Types of information required for

each disaster

- Checklists of do’s and dont’s in adisaster site, specific to eachdisaster

- Checklist of queries to be madeon site

- Checklist of appropriate graphicsand pictures to assist relief workand spread useful information indisaster affected area


- Most of the exist ing medianetwork would have undergoneheavy damage

- It may not be possible to getaccurate information from theaffected area within the first fewhours of the disaster

ACTIVATION- Send news flash of latest updates/

donation requirements fordisaster area all over the country

- Assist the EOC in providing crispand updated information tointernational as well as nationallevel relief workers/NGOs andgovernment officials

RESPONSE- Use and place graphical information to guide

people towards relief operation

- Use appropriate means of disseminatinginformation to victims of affected area

- Curb the spread of rumours

- Disseminate deactivation message to allfield workers

DEACTIVATION- Announce the commencement of deactivation

activities to victims/local authorities

- Take stock of all administrative/logistics account

- Assimilate all reports and transaction

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- Disaster specif ic Mediaoperations

- Catering to all the 31 disastersmentioned in the HPC

- Media personnel in the EOC

- Manual for ESF Head


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EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 101101101101101


Helplines

Primary Agency


Secondary Agencies

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare


Ministry of Power

Ministry of Civil Aviation


Ministry of Science and Technology

Purpose

The purpose of ESF 14 is to collect,

process and disseminate information about

the welfare of citizens of the affected area

and managing the tremendous flow of

information. The speed with which

information is received and with which it

changes, requires that a system be developed

to ensure accuracy as well as easy and

appropriate access. The helplines will be

responsible for providing, directing, and co-

ordinating logistical/resource operations.


t Access to disaster area will depend upon

the re-establishment of ground and

water routes

t Early damage assessment may be

incomplete, inaccurate and general and

rapid assessment may be required to

determine response time

t There will be a flood of information

and confusion about the injured

population

t The communication with the affected

area is partially impaired


t One of the most critical needs will behaving a simplified way of identifyingand tracking victims and providingassistance to them

t Identify locations for setting up transitand relief camps, feeding centres andsetting up of helplines at the nodalpoints in the State and providing peoplethe information about numbers

t Setting up of toll free numbers andtrying to establish the estimation of thedamage and the victims in the areafrom other sources

t All technical officers should be notifiedand should meet the staff to reviewemergency procedure

t Review and update precautionarymeasures and procedures that shouldbe taken to protect equipment and thepost-disaster procedures to be followed

t Emergency tool kit should beassembled for each block of the affectedarea

t All work teams should be issued a twoway communication link

Responsibilities

t Coordinate, collect, process, report anddisplay essential elements ofinformation and facilitate support forplanning efforts in response operations

t Coordinate pre-planned and event-specific aerial reconnaissance operationsto assess the overall disaster situation

t Pre-positioning assessment teamsheaded by the State CoordinatingOfficer and deployment of otheradvance elements

t Emergency clearing of debris to enablereconnaissance of damaged areas andpassage of emergency personnel and

102102102102102 NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS

equipment for life saving, propertyprotection and health and safety

Standards to be Developed

t Check list of tool kit (land lineconnection, portable TV and batterypowered radios, etc.)


t Area Specific handbook on TeamEquipment and Inventory


t Guidelines on specific types of items/situations for specific disasters

t Inventory of equipment/agencies/personnel


t Operational checklists for team headsand team members




EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 103103103103103

PRIMARY AGENCY


SUPPORT AGENCIES- Ministry of Health and Family

Welfare


- Ministry of Power




RESPONSIBILITIES- Coordinate, col lect , process ,

report and display essentiale lements of information andfacilitate support for planningefforts in response operations

- Coordinate pre-planned and event-specif ic aerial reconnaissanceoperations to assess overall disastersituation

- Pre-positioning assessment teamsheaded by the State CoordinatingOfficer and deployment of otheradvance elements

- Emergency clearing of debris toenable reconnaissance of damagedareas and passage of emergencypersonnel and equipment for lifesaving, property protection andhealth and safety

DEACTIVATION- Announce the commencement of deactivation

activities

- Take stock of all administrative /logistics account

- Assimilate al l reports and transaction ofinformation during the disaster for easydocumentation

CHECKLISTS- Check l ist of tool kit ( land l ine

connection, portable TV and batterypowered radios, etc.)

- Inventory of engineering equipment

- Inventory of equipment / agencies/personnel

- Emergency tool kits

PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS- Access to disaster area will depend upon

the re-establishment of ground andwater routes

- Early damage assessment may beincomplete, inaccurate and general andrapid assessment may be required todetermine response time

- There will be a flood of information andconfusion about the injured population

RESPONSE- One of the most critical needs will be having a

simplified way of identifying and tracking victimsand providing assistance

- Identify locations for setting up transit and reliefcamps, feeding centres and setting up of thehelplines at the nodal points in the State andproviding the people the information about thenumbers

ESF No. 14Helplines

HANDBOOKS- Handbook on Team Equipment and

Inventory

- Responsibilities of Primary Agency andeach Support Agency

- Guidelines on specific types of items/situations for specific disasters

ACTIVATION- Setting up of toll free numbers and

trying to establish the estimation of thedamage and the victims in the area fromthe other sources

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DISASTER SPECIFIC MODULES DISASTER SPECIFIC MODULES DISASTER SPECIFIC MODULES DISASTER SPECIFIC MODULES DISASTER SPECIFIC MODULES NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 105105105105105

A response to any situation should occurat two levels; one, there should be ageneral preparedness for averting al ldisasters outlined by the HPC; two, thereshould be adequate preparedness fordisaster mitigation. However, each disastercreates unique and unprecedentedsituations that might require a specific andan in-depth approach in order to tackleit. Although most factors are common anda multi-hazard approach caters to them,specific inventories especially in the areaof health, search and rescue, warning andmonitoring systems change according toeach disaster. Therefore, emergencyoperators should be well prepared toaddress the unique problems of eachdisaster also. There is thus a need to prepareplans that cater to and integrate with themulti-hazard disaster plan. In this sectiona general introduction to earthquakes andother subgroups has been attempted, inorder to highlight the specific needs arisingfrom disasters in terms of:

t Information Requirement

t ESF inventories and duties

8

Each disaster brings with it a unique set of

problems and situations. If these situations

have not been anticipated well in advance,

then the difficulties faced by the victims as

well as the disaster managers increase

enormously. Therefore, there is a need to

address the characteristics of each disaster

separately. In essence, although the back end

activities during a disaster can be addressed

through a multi-hazard approach, the front

end or site specific needs have to be addressed

through separate disaster specific modules.

These modules will have to be developed

further, keeping in view the brief outline

provided in the following chapter.

DisasterSpecificModules

106106106106106 NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP DISASTER SPECIFIC MODULES DISASTER SPECIFIC MODULES DISASTER SPECIFIC MODULES DISASTER SPECIFIC MODULES DISASTER SPECIFIC MODULES

Emergency Support Function

1 ) CommunicationAssess damage to and reinstate communication facilitiesEstablish communication with and from disaster site at theearliest

2 ) Public Health and SanitationAssess extent and type of injuriesSpecial care for epidemic outbreaksDistribute chlorine tabletsEnsure purity of drinking water, free from contaminationProvide drugs and medications for water borne diseases

3 ) PowerAssess damage to electric poles and stations etcShort circuiting measuresRestore facilities at local and State level on priority

4 ) TransportProvide transport for relief suppliesCoordinate with other ESF for clearing of roads and othermeans of transportProvide appropriate transport for easy access to damaged areas

5 ) DonationCompile information on the specific needs of the people fortype of donations requiredDistribute donations by means of air dropping and boats tomarooned victims

6 ) Search and RescueAerial survey for victimsSpecialised sniffer dogsCollapsed structure search and rescue experts

7 ) Public Works and EngineeringClear areas for relief campsClear roads for easy accessSeal areas and buildings that are likely to cause further damageBuild temporary bridges, access ways for ease of access

8 ) FoodProvide food packs that contain dry and non-perishable fooditems

9 ) Information and PlanningRelease flood related information to all ESF Provide access toresource inventories and document all situation- reports andprocedures

10 ) Relief SuppliesProvide basic logistic materials required for local administrationProvide other relief materials such as batteries, flash lights etc., tovictims and rescue workers

EARTHQUAKE

Requirements

VSATs, battery chargedcommunication equipmentInventory of mobilecommunication facilities

Specialised medical team to handleorthopaedic and surgery relatedinjuries, epidemics, preventivemedicine practitionersMobile hospitals

Inventory of power installationsof the areaGenerators etc

Inventory of transport/water wayfacilities in the area

Socio-economic needsCultural needs

Equipment cache

Specialised equipment for largedebris

Specialised equipment for bridgesand other temporary structures

Inventory of non-perishable fooditems

Disk netAll Inventories

Inventory of relief supplies


Depending on the nature of disastersome ESFs may be more actively involvedthan others. However, for an L3 disasterall ESFs require to be on alert and beprepared.

The following example of the EARTHQUAKE module brief ly l ists downvariables of the disaster and related action/information

EARTHQUAKE MODULE

1. Earthquakes

– National Threat L3– Vulnerability to earthquakes– Vulnerability Map- List of areas that should plan for L3vulnerability to earthquakes

2. Anticipated Intensity

t Magnitude

t Characteristics

3. List of Secondary disasters

Secondary disasters could includemajor road closures, extensive damageto structures, loss of public utilities,and multiple injuries and deaths. Thedemands upon public safety agencies

will be overwhelming. Non-publicresponders such as the VolunteerCenter wil l play a major role inrecovery.

t Floods

t Urban/Wild Fires

t Hazardous Material Incidents

t Accidents -Road, Railway

4. Response Activities

The National Response Planincorporates common ESF functionsand responsibilities. The response tothe following areas of functions willhave to be specific to earthquakes.

Checklist Incident Command System

t Injuries: Designate First Aid area andreport location to IncidentCommander Check for injured andtreat as appropriate; if possible moveto First Aid area.

t Gas: If odour of gas is present (checkoutside as well as inside), get gas shut-off wrench from disaster supplies andshut off gas.

t Structural Condition: Be cautious —aftershocks may follow earthquakes.

11 ) Drinking waterProvide clean drinking waterRation existing water supplies for even distributionMark and warn people against contaminationIsolate contaminated sources of water

12 ) ShelterProvide weather resistant shelterPlace shelters in a safe areaShelters should adhere to the climatic conditions of the area

13 ) MediaInformation on current status

14 ) HelplinesProvide information on marooned victimsHospitalsReceive messages of victims and forward them to relativesoutside the disaster areaProvide emergency phone lines

Inventory of water sources ofthe area

Inventory of specific type ofshelters for earthquakes

Inventory of emergencyphone numbers


MODEL FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER-SPECIFIC APPROACH – SUB GROUP I

Floods and Drainage Management


1) CommunicationWarn people against areas that are likely to get floodedAssess damage to communication facilities

2) Public Health and SanitationAssess the advent of infectious diseasesWarn people on special measures against epidemicsSpecial care for waterborne diseases and epidemic outbreaksDistribute chlorine tabletsEnsure purity of drinking water, free from contaminationProvide drugs and medications for water borne diseases

3) PowerDamage to electric poles and stations etc., due to floodingShort circuiting measuresRestore facilities at local and State level

4) TransportProvide boats as a means of transport

5) DonationCompile information on specific needs of the peopleDistribute donations by means of air dropping and boats tomarooned victims

6) Search and RescueAerial survey for marooned victims

Requirements

VSATs, battery chargedcommunication equipment

Specialised medical team tohandle epidemics, cases ofdrowning, and water bornediseases

Inventory of power installationsof the area



Deep sea diversS&R boatsEquipment cache

Check for visible signs of damage.Evacuate if structural stability seemsquestionable (err on side of safety). Ifpossible, retrieve any cellular phonesbut do not place yourself or others atrisk to do so.

t Telephone and Communications: Ifelectrical power is off, a non-Centrexphone system will probably not work;Centrex systems do not require powerto operate and therefore should be abetter option. If electrical power is off,the telephone on your fax machine willalso probably not work. If available,use cellular phone(s), but only if noother telephones are working.

t Power: If power is out, do not lightcandles during an earthquake. Thereare two dangers — from explosion

caused by gas leak and ignited by sparkfrom match, and from candles fallingand starting fires. For lighting, useflashlights, lanterns and lightsticks.Use a generator, if one is available.

t Building Tenants: Check on welfare ofother tenants in the building ifappropriate.

t Hazards: Rope off areas where electricall ines are downed and structuralhazards exist . Inform IncidentCommander of downed lines, gas leaksand water l ine breaks. Removeanything blocking street, which mayprevent access by emergency vehiclesexcept downed electrical lines.

t Damage Assessment: Conduct detaileddamage assessment as soon as possibleand photograph or video record thedamage.


7) Public Works and EngineeringClear areas for relief campsClear roads for easy accessSeal areas and buildings that are likely to cause further damageBuild temporary bridges for ease of access

8) FoodProvide food packs that contain dry and non-perishable fooditems

9) Information and PlanningRelease flood related information to all ESFProvide access to resource inventories and document allsituations-reports and procedures

10) Relief SuppliesProvide basic logistic materials required for local administrationProvide relief materials such as batteries, flash lights to victims/rescue workers

11) Drinking waterProvide clean drinking waterRation existing water supplies for even distributionMark and warn people against contamination and isolatecontaminated sources

12) ShelterProvide weather resistant shelterPlace shelters in a safe areaShelters should adhere to the climatic conditions of the area

13) MediaInformation on current status

14) HelplinesProvide information on marooned victims and hospitalsReceive messages for victims and forward them to relativesoutside disaster areaProvide emergency phone lines

Specialised equipment forfunctioning in flood prone areasinventorySpecialised equipment for bridgesand other temporary structures




Inventory of water sources of thearea

Inventory of specific type ofshelters for cyclones and floods

Inventory of emergency phonenumbers

Cyclones, Tornadoes, Hurricanes



2) Public Health and SanitationAssess the advent of infectious diseasesWarn people on special measures against epidemicsSpecial care for waterborne diseases and epidemic outbreaksDistribute chlorine tabletsEnsure purity of drinking water, free from contaminationProvide drugs and medications for water borne diseases


Requirements


Specialised medical team tohandle epidemics, cases ofdrowning, water borne diseases




5) DonationCompile information on the specific needs of the people forthe type of donations requiredDistribute donations by means of air dropping and boats tomarooned victims




9) Information and PlanningRelease flood related information to all ESFProvide access to resource inventories and document allsituation- reports and procedures

10) Relief SuppliesProvide basic logistic materials required for local administrationProvide other relief materials such as batteries, flash lights etc.,to victims and rescue workers

11) Drinking waterProvide clean drinking waterRation existing water supplies for even distributionMark and warn people against contaminationIsolate contaminated sources of water



14) HelplinesProvide information on marooned victimsHospitalsReceive messages of victims and forward them to relativesoutside the disaster areaProvide emergency phone lines

Inventory of transport/water-way facilities in the area


Deep sea diversS&R boatsEquipment cahe

Inventory of specialisedequipment for functioning inflood prone areas and forbridges and other temporarystructures








Hailstorm, Cloud Burst, Snow Avalanches, Heat & Cold Waves, Thunder & Lightning


1) CommunicationWarn people against areas that are likely to be hitAssess damage to communication facilities

2) Public Health and SanitationAssess the advent of infectious diseasesWarn people on special measures against epidemicsSpecial care for waterborne diseases and epidemicEnsure purity of drinking water, free from contaminationProvide drugs and medications for water borne diseasesPrevent occurrence of dehydraytion, burns



5) DonationCompile information on the specific needs of the people fortype of donations requiredDistribute donations by means of air dropping and boats tomarooned victims




9) Information and PlanningRelease related information to all ESFProvide access to resource inventories and document allsituation–reports and procedures

10) Relief SuppliesProvide basic logistic material required for local administrationProvide other relief materials such as batteries, flash lights etc.,to victims and rescue workers

Requirements


Specialised medical team tohandle epidemics, cases ofdrowning, frost bites,heat strokes,burns, water borne diseases




Deep sea diversS&R boatsEquipment cache

Inventory of specialisedequipment for functioning invulerable areas and for bridgesand other temporary structures

Inventory of non perishable fooditems











Sea Erosion



2) Public Health and SanitationAssess the advent of infectious diseasesWarn people on special measures against epidemicsSpecial care for waterborne diseases and epidemic outbreaksDistribute chlorine tabletsEnsure purity of drinking water, free from contaminationProvide drugs and medications for water borne diseasesMonitor situation

3) PowerDamage to electric poles and stations etc., due to floodingShort circuiting measuresRestore facilities at local and State levelMonitor situation

4) TransportProvide boats as a means of transportProvide transport for evacuationMonitor situation

Requirements


Specialised medical team tohandle epidemics, cases ofdrowning, andwater borne diseases


Inventory of transport/waterway facilities in the area


5) DonationCompile information on the specific needs of the people for typeof donations requiredDistribute donations by means of air dropping and boats tomarooned victims


7) Public Works and EngineeringClear areas for rehabilitation sitesSeal areas and buildings that are likely to cause further damageBuild temporary bridges for ease of access


9) Information and PlanningRelease related information to all ESFProvide access to resource inventories and document allsituation- reports and procedures

10) Relief SuppliesProvide basic logistic materials required for local administrationProvide other relief materials such as batteries, flash lights, etc., tovictims and rescue workers




14) HelplinesProvide information on marooned victimsHospitalsReceive messages of victims and forward them to relatives outsidethe disaster areaProvide emergency phone lines


Deep sea diversS&R boatsEquipment cahe

Specialised equipment forfunctioning in prone areasinventorySpecialised equipment forbridges and other temporarystructures

Inventory of non-perishablefood items




Inventory of specific type ofweatherproof shelters fortemporary rehabilitation



Droughts


1) CommunicationWarn people against areas that are likely to be affectedGeneral Alert and Assistance

2) Public Health and SanitationAssess diseasesWarn people on special measures against malnutritionDistribute ORSEnsure purity of drinking waterProvide drugs and medications for water borne diseases

3) PowerGeneral Alert and Assistance

4) TransportGeneral Alert and Assistance

5) DonationCompile information on specific needs of the people for typeof donations requiredDistribute donations by means of air dropping

6) Search and RescueLocate survivors

7) Public Works and EngineeringClear areas for relief camps


9) Information and PlanningRelease drought related information to all ESFProvide access to resource inventories and document allsituation- reports and procedures

10) Relief SuppliesProvide basic logistic materials required for local administrationProvide other relief materials such as batteries, flash lights etc.,to victims and rescue workers

11) Drinking waterProvide clean drinking waterRation existing water supplies for even distributionMark and warn people against contamination

Requirements

Specialised medical team tohandle malnutrition andstarvation related disorders


Inventory of specialisedequipment for functioning inprone areas






12) ShelterProvide weather resistant shelterPlace shelters in a safe areaShelters should adhere to climatic conditions of the area


14) HelplinesProvide information on marooned victimsHospitalsReceive messages of victims and forward them to relativesoutside the disaster areaProvide emergency phone lines



Sub group II has been addressed in the framework presented for earthquakes on page 102.

MODEL FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER-SPECIFIC APPROACH – SUB GROUP III

Chemical, Industrial, Nuclear - Special care should be taken to maintain the securityprecautions during such disasters


1) CommunicationAssess damage to and reinstate communication facilitiesEstablish communication with and from disaster site at the earliestSpecial care on Security matters

2) Public Health and SanitationAssess extent and type of injuriesSpecial care for epidemic out-breaksDistribute chlorine tabletsEnsure purity of drinking water, free from contaminationProvide gas masks

3) PowerAssess damage to electric poles and stations etcShort circuiting measuresRestore facilities at local and State level on priority

4) TransportProvide transport for relief suppliesCoordinate with other ESF for clearing of roads and other meansof transportProvide appropriate transport for easy access to damaged areas

5) DonationCompile information on the specific needs of the people for typeof donations requiredDistribute donations by means of air dropping and boats tomarooned victims

Requirements


Specialised medical team tohandle orthopaedic and surgeryrelated injuries, epidemics,preventive medicinepractitionersMobile hospitals


Inventory of transport/waterway facilities in the area



6) Search and RescueAerial survey for victimsSpecialised sniffer dogsCollapsed structures search and rescue experts

7 ) Public Works and EngineeringClear areas for relief campsClear roads for easy accessSeal areas and buildings that are likely to cause further damageBuild temporary bridges, access ways for ease of access


9 ) Information and PlanningRelease flood related information to all ESFProvide access to resource inventories and document allsituation- reports and procedures

10 ) Relief SuppliesProvide basic logistics materials required for local administrationProvide other relief materials such as batteries, flash lights etc.,to victims and rescue workers





Equipment cache

Specialised equipment for largedebrisSpecialised equipment forbridges and other temporarystructures





Inventory of specific types ofshelter for earthquakes



MODEL FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER-SPECIFIC APPROACH – SUB GROUP IV

Accident related disasters – Special care should be taken to maintain the security precautions inspeculative accidents


1 ) CommunicationAssess damage to and reinstate communication facilitiesEstablish communication with and from disaster site at the earliestSpecial care on Security matters

2 ) Public Health and SanitationAssess extent and type of injuriesSpecial care for epidemic outbreaksDistribute chlorine tabletsEnsure purity of drinking water, free from contaminationProvide gas masks

3 ) PowerAssess Damage to electric poles and stations etcShort circuiting measuresRestore facilities at local and state level on priority

4 ) TransportProvide transport for relief suppliesCoordinate with other ESF for clearing of roads and other meansof transportProvide appropriate transport for easy access to damaged areas

5 ) DonationCompile information on the specific needs of the people for typeof donations requiredDistribute donations by means of air dropping and boats tomarooned victims

6 ) Search and RescueAerial survey for victimsSpecialised sniffer dogsCollapsed structures search and rescue experts

7 ) Public Works and EngineeringClear areas for relief campsClear roads for easy accessSeal areas and buildings that are likely to cause further damageBuild temporary bridges, access ways for ease of accessCheck strength of existing structures


Requirements


Specialised medical team tohandle orthopaedic and surgeryrelated injuries, epidemics,preventive medicine practitionersMobile hospitals




Deep sea divers, Equipmentcache, Medical First Responders,Collapsed structure search andrescue responders, Fire personnel,Home guards, Police

Specialised equipment for largedebrisSpecialised equipment for bridgesand other temporary structures



9 ) Information and PlanningRelease flood related information to all ESFProvide access to resource inventories and document allsituation- reports and procedures

10 ) Relief SuppliesProvide basic logistic materials required for local administrationProvide other relief materials such as batteries, flash lights etc.,to victims and rescue workers








Inventory of specific type ofshelters for earthquakes



MODEL FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER-SPECIFIC APPROACH – SUB GROUP V

Biological related Disasters

Requirements

VSATs, battery chargedcommunication equipment forfield operations, inventory of mobilecommunication facilities

Specialised medical team to handleorthopaedic and surgery relatedinjuries, epidemics, preventivemedicine practitioners. Mobilehospitals

Inventory of power installations ofthe area, generators etc


Socio-economic needs, Culturalneeds

Protective gear

Protective gear

Inventory of non –perishable fooditems




Inventory of specific type of sheltersfor earthquakes



1 ) Provide communication assistance to medical teams

2 ) Public Health and Sanitation - Assess extent and type of diseases.Establish cause. Network with medical institutions forspecialised diagnosis and cure. Isolate infected patients. Takemedical measures to curb epidemics etc. Special care forepidemic outbreaks. Distribute chlorine tablets. Ensure purityof drinking water, free from contamination. Provide gas masks

3 ) Provide power backup for medical operators and hospitals foruninterrupted power supply. Provide mobile power backupfor field operations

4 ) Provide transport for relief suppliesand medicines

5 ) Compile donation information on the specific needs of thepeople for type of donations required. Distribute donations bymeans of air dropping and boats to marooned victims

6 ) Search and Rescue-Search and isolate infected people

7 ) Public Works and Engineering-Isolate and barricade affectedares and hospitals

8 ) Food-Provide clean food according to need

9 ) Information and Planning-Release flood related informationto all ESF. Provide access to resource inventories anddocument all situation-reports and procedures

10 ) Relief Supplies-Provide specific need of relief

11 ) Drinking water-Provide clean drinking water Ration existingwater supplies for even distribution. Mark and warn peopleagainst contamination. Isolate contaminated sources of water

12 ) Shelter-Provide isolated structures and temporary structuresfor displaced/unaffected people

13 ) Media-information on current status

14 ) Helplines-Provide information on marooned victims.Hospitals-Receive messages of victims and forward them torelatives outside the disaster area and provide emergencyphone lines

FOLLFOLLFOLLFOLLFOLLOWOWOWOWOW-UP A-UP A-UP A-UP A-UP ACTIONS CTIONS CTIONS CTIONS CTIONS NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP 121121121121121

This document of the National DisasterResponse Plan incorporates many newconcepts and has tried to build theseconcepts into the existing framework andfunctioning of the Government of India. Theresponse to a disaster requires bothindigenous systems as well as effectiveplanning and preparedness strategies. Sincethe damage and effect of the disasters are soextreme, in case of a response situationmultiple players have to effectivelycoordinate and communicate with eachother for a quick and efficient recovery andcontrol over the situation. However, theresponses require detailed and uniqueresponses from all the players.

Therefore it is recommended that allinvolved ministries and other agencies shouldprepare and detail out their role as evidentin various parts of the document.

Primarily, all Emergency SupportFunctions will have to further detail outtheir operations based on the guidelinesmentioned in the document. Otheractivities that can greatly decrease responsetime such as maps, equipment caches anddirectories will also have to be developed by

9

The document of the National Disaster

Response Plan was evolved out of intensive

consultations and study of various

mechanisms of disaster responses followed

in different parts of the world. In the

process, many new ideas and concepts have

been developed and incorporated. These

concepts have been included in order to

develop a framework for the plan which

will have to be dealt with in detail as part

of the follow-up actions to be undertaken

after the first document of the Response

Plan. The follow-up actions will have to

address the need for meticulous planning

and preparedness in the form of handbooks

and checklists for response activities at all

levels. The exact specifications of EOCs,

the activities and responsibilities of each

ESF and detailed disaster-specific modules

are some of the priority areas that will have

to be looked into for further detailing of

the Response Plan.

Follow-UpActions

122122122122122 NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP NDRP FOLL FOLL FOLL FOLL FOLLOWOWOWOWOW-UP A-UP A-UP A-UP A-UP ACTIONSCTIONSCTIONSCTIONSCTIONS

the concerned authority. The four key areasthat require follow-up actions are:

t Developing checklists, handbooks andguidelines

t GIS maps

t EOC and ICS layouts and databases

t ESFs

t Preparing Disaster-Specific Modules

LIST OF CHECKLISTS AND HANDBOOKS

Documents Required for QuickAssessment and Response

1. Declaration of L3 - Format

2. Deployment of Assessment Team -Format

3. CRC Responsibilities - Handbook

4. Survival Kit - Checklist

5. Assessment Equipment - Checklist

6. National Assessment - Format

7. National Media Release

8. Handbooks for

t International NGO

t NGO

t Media Personnel

t Researchers/Students

t Field/Relief Workers

t Government Functionaries

9. EOC Set-up - Checklists

10. Layout and dimensions, equipment,etc., for EOC - Minimum standardsHandbook

11. ESF Desk - Checklist

12. Matrix of primary and secondaryfunctions of each ESF

13. Do’s and dont’s to be followed duringdisaster times in EOC

14. Regular staff - Schedule and Checklist

15. Staff on Call - Schedule and Checklist

16. Staff on Disaster Duty - Schedule andChecklist

DOCUMENTS FOR EACH ESF

ESF 1 - Communication

t Checklist of tool kits

t Handbook on Disaster Telecommunicat-ion Assistance











ESF 2 – Public Health and Sanitation

t Detailed checklist of symptoms ofcommon diseases along with medicinedosages for each disaster

t Checklist of doctor’s tool kit forspecialised doctors

t Checklist for maintaining hygienicconditions

t Disaster Health Assistance andemergency services

t Team Equipment and Inventory

t Responsibilities- Primary /SupportAgencies

t Minimum standards of health facilities

t Location of health facilities in disasterarea (map)

t Information manual for biologicaldisaster


t Doctor’s manual for emergency relief


t Operational checklists for health officials




- Qualification of health personnel

- Checklist of doctor’s tool kit

- Symptoms of common ailments


t Dosages checklist for commonepidemics and ailments during a disaster

ESF 3 - Power

t Handbook on Disaster Power Assistance




t Manuals on handling of equipmentwhich is unique to a particular disaster








t Minimum qualifications andequipment required for personnel inEOC and on-site


ESF4 - Transport

t Inventories of available transportfacilities



t Handbook on transport assistance






t Formats for check of bridges and othersteel works




ESF 5– Search and Rescue

t Training handbooks on MFR and CSSR

t Inventory of volunteers who have alreadycompleted the course successfully andcan be utilised in the search and rescueoperations.

t Handbook on team Equipment andInventory





t Medical tool kits

t On-site aerial surveys

t MFR and CSSR kits


t List of PSUs and Private Agencies/NGOs working in the area

ESF 6 - Donation


t Guide for developing donations whichneeds a list to be prepared by theVoluntary Agencies (family pack or massrelief pack, colour coding)


t Emergency tool kits (first aid items)


t On-site operations checklist and thecoordinating field station map




t Handbook on disaster donationassistance




t Guidelines on specific items andcontinued response for donation andrelief management

ESF 7- Public Works and Engineering

t By-laws for all disasters

t Checklist of tool kit


t Disaster specific

t Area specific

t Handbook on Disaster EngineeringAssistance



t Guidelines on specific types of items/situations for specific disasters

t Inventory of equipment / agencies/personnel




t Handling of heavy equipments


t Guidelines on specific types of items foreach disaster

t Guide for by-laws to be followed

t Qualification of labour /other siteassistants

ESF 8 – Information and Planning

t Handbook on Disaster InformationAssistance on Disknet





t Disaster specific issues related toinformation technology





t Handling of equipment





ESF 9 – Relief Supplies

t Handbook on Relief Supplies Assistance




t Manual on disaster-specific reliefoperations



t Operational checklists for team leadersand team members

t Handling/Storage of relief supplies






t Guide for developing relief suppliesneeds list

ESF 10 - Food

t Checklist of food materials for

t Family packs for four

t Family packs for two

t Food distribution in relief camps

t Minimum standards to maintainfood quality

t Catalogue of available resources of food

t Handbook on food distribution



ESF 11 – Drinking Water

t Handbook on disaster drinking water

assistance

t Handbook on Team Equipment and

Inventory



t Inventories of agencies that can provide

drinking water

t Procedures of storing water to maintain

purity

t Minimum standards for safe drinking

water

t Minimum quantity of requirement of

water per person

ESF12 - Shelter

t Inventories of manufacturing agencies

t Procedures of storage

t Minimum standards for relief camps

t Minimum requirement of space perperson




t Handbook on tent structure and othercollapsible structures

t Handbook on assembling of structures

t Inventories of agencies that can be usedfor putting up tents

t Minimum standards for shelter

t Relief camps

t Tents and other temporary structures

t Location of camps for different disasters

t Existing locations that can be used forshelter

t Minimum standards for buildings to beused as relief camps

ESF13 - Media

t Media personnel on-site

t Disaster-specific media operations

t Catering to all the L3 disastersmentioned in the HPC

t Media personnel in the EOC

t Manual for ESF Head

t Types of information required for eachdisaster


t Checklists of do’s and dont’s in a disastersite, specific to each disaster

t Checklist of queries to be made on site

t Checklist of appropriate graphics andpictures to assist relief work and spreaduseful information in the disaster affectedarea

t Standard operating procedures andresponsibilities of Radio and TV stations

ESF14 - Helplines

t Checklist of tool kit (land lineconnection, portable TV and batterypowered radios, etc.…)


t Area Specific Handbook on Team

Equipment and Inventory

t Responsibilities of Primary Agency and

each Support Agency

t Guidelines on specific types of items/

situations for specific disasters

t Inventory of equipment / agencies/

personnel





GIS MAPS

A GIS enabled system that can be integrated

with all EOCs and the Disk net should also

be developed. Each State as well as each ESF

must prepare a vulnerability map of their

specific area, which can be added with

attributes of variables and characteristics of

that area. Maps should have all disaster-

related facilities and vulnerable groups

marked on them. Total population and

strategic installations are the areas that need

to be identified on them. These maps need

to be constantly updated and can further be

used as base maps for preparedness,

mitigation and developmental activities.

EOC AND ICS LAYOUTS AND DATABASES

The EOC should emerge as a specialised area,

following standard specifications for ease of

operations. The EOC must have prescribed

spaces for all operators along with state-of-

the-art equipment and technology. It should

have a meeting room, EOC incharge room,

a communication room and a common hall

for operations, fitted with LCD projectors

to view current status, and GIS maps for

further planning and communications. The

EOC should also have a media room

partitioned by a glass wall from the main

operations room for media briefings and

update along with a view of the projectors

for 24 hours surveillance and monitoring.

An example of the Mumbai Mantralaya

is given below:

BRIEF OUTLINE OF AN EMERGENCY

OPERATION CENTRE

The EOC should have a Nucleus thatcomprises of

t Workstations for each ESF

t Room for EOC Incharge

t Media/ Conference briefing room

t LCD Projectors

t TV sets for news channels

t Phone networks with nodal ministriesand other links

t FAX facilities

t Video conferencing facilities

t Computer networks


t Internet connectivity

t Mobile phones

The EOC should provide the followingservices to its staff

t Living quarters

t Pantry (2 weeks storage)

t EDP section

t Power/Generator backup systems

t Medical room

The structure in which the EOC ishoused should be

t Disaster resistant

t Secure

t Self contained in terms of equipment,

extra food storage and other such

facilities


Each of the ESF given in the document

needs further elaboration and detailing

according to the specifics to each area of the

primary ministry. Each primary agency (the

specific concerned ministry) will have to

develop their own plans and their operations

on site as well as at the EOC. The primary

agencies must take into account other

supporting agencies and outline their

responsibilities as well. Each ESF has to work

in coordination with the other which should

be reflected in their respective plans.

DISASTER-SPECIFIC MODULES

The framework of the disaster-specific

module has been introduced in this

document. These will have further

elaboration by identifying the distinct

characteristics of each disaster. The approach

to response towards sudden disasters such

as earthquakes, floods, landslides differs from

response to slow creeping disasters such as

droughts, community strifes and the like.

Therefore it is important to develop and

address the typical situations created by

various disasters in the form of separate

modules.


MMMMMEMBERSEMBERSEMBERSEMBERSEMBERS OFOFOFOFOF THETHETHETHETHE H H H H HIGHIGHIGHIGHIGH

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DDDDDISASTERISASTERISASTERISASTERISASTER M M M M MANAGEMENTANAGEMENTANAGEMENTANAGEMENTANAGEMENT



MEMBERS OF THE HIGH POWERED COMMITTEE FOR PREPARATION OF

DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANS

1. Shri J.C. PantFormer Secy to the Govt. of India,‘SHRADHA Kunj’159, Vasant ViharDehradun

2. Shri Y.HarishankarSecretary (Security),Cabinet SecretariatRashtrapati Bhawan,New Delhi

3. Shri M. C. GuptaDirectorIIPA, New Delhi-110 002

4. Shri T. N. SrivastavaI.A.S. (Retd.)Former Member Secretary11th Finance CommissionB-22, Char Imli,BhopalMadhya Pradesh

5. Shri S K PurkayasthaAdditional Secretary andCentral Relief Commissioner,Deptt of Agriculture and CooperationMoA, Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi

6. Shri R. R. KelkarDirector General,Indian Meteorological Department,Mausam Bhavan,Lodhi RoadNew Delhi

7. Shri Bhagat SinghPrincipal Secy & FinancialCommissionerGovt of Punjab, Deptt of RevenuePunjab Secretariat,Chandigarh

8. Dr N.S. VirdiDirector,Wadia Institute of HimalayanGeology,33, General Mahadev Singh Road,Dehradun-248 001

9. Prof. A. S. AryaProfessor Emeritus,72/6 Civil Lines,Roorkee-247 667

10. Shri Ramesh ChandraFormer Chairman,Central Water Commission,C-42, Retreat Apartment,20 I. P. Extension, Patparganj,Delhi-110 092

11. Shri G.B.PradhanDirector GeneralYashwant Rao Chavan Academy ofDevelopment Administration,Pune-411007

12. Dr. V. K. SharmaProfessor, National Centre for DisasterManagement,Indian Institute of PublicAdministrationI. P. Estate, New Delhi-2

13. Shri Alok PertiSecretary,Department of Relief &Rehabilitation,Govt. of Assam,Dispur (Guwahati) –780006

14. Shri R.K.BhargavaSecretary, Revenue and ForestDepartment, Govt. of MaharashtraMumbai-400 032


15. Shri R. C. DwivediRelief Commissioner,Govt. of Uttar Pradesh,Lucknow –226 001

16. Shri K. V. VenkatacharyStudy Director,Disaster Management Systems,ISRO Headquarters,Antariksha BhawanBangalore

17. Shri R. M. PremkumarAdditional Secretary,Department of Atomic EnergyAnushakti Bhavan,Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj Marg,Mumbai-400001

18. Shri V. RajagopalanJoint Secretary,Ministry of Environment and Forest,Paryavaran Bhavan,CGO Complex, Lodi Road,New Delhi

19. Shri B. S. LalliJoint Secretary,Ministry of Defence,South Block, New Delhi

20. Shri Sanat KaulJoint Secretary,Ministry of Civil Aviation,Rajiv Gandhi Bhavan,New Delhi

21. Shri Diwakar Prasad,Director General, Civil Defence,Ministry of Home Affairs,New Delhi

22. Dr. Ira RayAdditional DG,Directorate General of HealthServices,Nirman Bhavan, New Delhi

23. Shri Indra GhoshExecutive Director (Safety),Railway Board, Rail BhawanNew Delhi

24. Shri N. S. SamantDirectorDepartment of Chemicals &Petrochemicals,Shastri Bhavan, New Delhi

25. Shri Naved MasoodJoint Secretary (NDM) andAddl. Central Relief Commissioner,Department of Agriculture &Cooperation,Krishi BhawanNew Delhi

26. Dr. R. K. BhandariDirectorCDMM, Anna UniversityChennai-25

27. Shri T. N. GuptaAdvisor, MoUDPA &Ex. Director, BMTPCG-WingNirman BhawanNew Delhi

28 Shri Anil SinhaHeadNational Centre for DisasterManagementIIPA, IP Estate, Ring RoadNew Delhi-110002


A C R O N Y M S





Ministry of Health and Family Welfare - MoH&FW

Ministry of Water Resources - MoWR

Department of Animal Husbandry - DoAH

Ministry of Urban Development and Poverty Alleviation - MoUD&PA

Ministry of Planning and Programme Implementation - MoP&PI


Ministry of Rural Development - MoRD

Ministry of Information Technology - MoIT

Ministry of Information and Broadcasting - MoI&B



Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment - MoSJ&E


Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Resources - MoNCR

Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas - MoP&NG



Ministry of Commerce and Industry - MoC&I

Ministry of Science and Technology - MoSc&T


Ministry of Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution - MoCA&PD

National Crisis Management Committee - NCMC

Crisis Management Group - CMG

Emergency Support Function - ESF

Incident Command System - ICS

National Remote Sensing Agency - NRSA

High Powered Committee - HPC

Geographic Information System - GIS


t FEMA; Federal Response Plan, FEMA(USA), Apr-99

t FEMA; Federal Response Plan, FEMA,Apr-92

t National Emergency Training Centre;Donation Management WorkshopFEMA, Apr-92

t FEMA; Urban Search and rescueresponse system-Field Operation Guide,Sep-93

t FEMA; Stafford Act, Sep-98

t Department of Health andSanitation(USA); Disaster MedicalAssistance Team- Response teammanual, May-99

t FEMA; Selected Information AboutFederal Chemical Biological, NuclearConsequence Management ResponseTeams

t FEMA; FEMA Organisation

t FEMA; National InteragencyMobilisation Guide

t FEMA US and R Task forceOrganisation

t FEMA; Community relations Team-Field Operation Guide, Aug-99

t IFRC Emergency Response Units

t Gary Amdahl, Disaster Response-GISfor Public Safety ESRI-Press Canada,Apr-01

t Sphere Project; The Sphere Project-Humanitarian Charter and MinimumStandards in Disaster Response

t Normeca Norwegian Mobile Hospitalsand Disasters Units

t United Nations; United NationsDisaster assessment and Coordination(UNDAC), 2000

t Cabinet Secretariat; EmergencyManagement Systems in India-The needfor review in light of best practicesworldwide

t Govt. of India, HPC, Interim Report I,Jul-00

t Govt. of India, HPC, Interim Report II,Feb-01

t Govt. of India, Department of Scienceand Technology, Mine Fire, 2001

t Govt. of India, Department of Scienceand Technology, Geological Hazards,

References


t Ministry of Health and Family welfare,Govt. of India; Biological DisasterManagement Plan, 2001

t Revenue(Relief ) Department, Govt. ofIndia, Hyderabad EarthquakeContingency Plan-Andhra Pradesh

t ERM Private India Ltd. ChemicalHazards Jan-01

t Govt. of India, IMD, Water and ClimateRelated disasters, 2001

t District Contingency Plan

t Reva Khetrapal, Role of Media:Preparing People to Cope with Disasters,Press Council of India, Jan-01

t Govt of India, Ministry of Home Affairs,Concept of Trigger Mechanism, Feb-01

t Govt. Of India, Chapter 9 - Calamityrelief, 10th Finance Commission


t Govt. of India Ministry of AgricultureEstablishment of the National Centrefor Calamity Management (NCCM),2001

t Govt. of India, SOI, SOI - Role in DM,2001

t Govt. of Bangladesh, Min. of DM andRelief, Disaster management System inBangladesh, 1999

t Srilanka, Kandy Municipal CouncilSriLanka, Urban Multi-Hazard DisasterMitigation Project, 2001

t AVS Reddy, State level- AccidentRelated, May-01

MMMMMEMBERSEMBERSEMBERSEMBERSEMBERS OFOFOFOFOF THETHETHETHETHE H H H H HIGHIGHIGHIGHIGH

PPPPPOOOOOWEREDWEREDWEREDWEREDWERED C C C C COMMITTEEOMMITTEEOMMITTEEOMMITTEEOMMITTEE ONONONONON

DDDDDISASTERISASTERISASTERISASTERISASTER M M M M MANAGEMENTANAGEMENTANAGEMENTANAGEMENTANAGEMENT

MEMBERS OF THE HIGH POWERED COMMITTEE FOR PREPARATION OF

DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANS

1. Shri J.C. PantFormer Secy to the Govt. of India,‘SHRADHA Kunj’159, Vasant ViharDehradun

2. Shri Y.HarishankarSecretary (Security),Cabinet SecretariatRashtrapati Bhawan,New Delhi

3. Shri M. C. GuptaDirectorIIPA, New Delhi-110 002

4. Shri T. N. SrivastavaI.A.S. (Retd.)Former Member Secretary11th Finance CommissionB-22, Char Imli,BhopalMadhya Pradesh

5. Shri S K PurkayasthaAdditional Secretary andCentral Relief Commissioner,Deptt of Agriculture and CooperationMoA, Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi

6. Shri R. R. KelkarDirector General,Indian Meteorological Department,Mausam Bhavan,Lodhi RoadNew Delhi

7. Shri Bhagat SinghPrincipal Secy & FinancialCommissionerGovt of Punjab, Deptt of RevenuePunjab Secretariat,Chandigarh

8. Dr N.S. VirdiDirector,Wadia Institute of HimalayanGeology,33, General Mahadev Singh Road,Dehradun-248 001

9. Prof. A. S. AryaProfessor Emeritus,72/6 Civil Lines,Roorkee-247 667

10. Shri Ramesh ChandraFormer Chairman,Central Water Commission,C-42, Retreat Apartment,20 I. P. Extension, Patparganj,Delhi-110 092

11. Shri G.B.PradhanDirector GeneralYashwant Rao Chavan Academy ofDevelopment Administration,Pune-411007

12. Dr. V. K. SharmaProfessor, National Centre for DisasterManagement,Indian Institute of PublicAdministrationI. P. Estate, New Delhi-2

13. Shri Alok PertiSecretary,Department of Relief &Rehabilitation,Govt. of Assam,Dispur (Guwahati) –780006

14. Shri R.K.BhargavaSecretary, Revenue and ForestDepartment, Govt. of MaharashtraMumbai-400 032

15. Shri R. C. DwivediRelief Commissioner,Govt. of Uttar Pradesh,Lucknow –226 001

16. Shri K. V. VenkatacharyStudy Director,Disaster Management Systems,ISRO Headquarters,Antariksha BhawanBangalore

17. Shri R. M. PremkumarAdditional Secretary,Department of Atomic EnergyAnushakti Bhavan,Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj Marg,Mumbai-400001

18. Shri V. RajagopalanJoint Secretary,Ministry of Environment and Forest,Paryavaran Bhavan,CGO Complex, Lodi Road,New Delhi

19. Shri B. S. LalliJoint Secretary,Ministry of Defence,South Block, New Delhi

20. Shri Sanat KaulJoint Secretary,Ministry of Civil Aviation,Rajiv Gandhi Bhavan,New Delhi

21. Shri Diwakar Prasad,Director General, Civil Defence,Ministry of Home Affairs,New Delhi

22. Dr. Ira RayAdditional DG,Directorate General of HealthServices,Nirman Bhavan, New Delhi

23. Shri Indra GhoshExecutive Director (Safety),Railway Board, Rail BhawanNew Delhi

24. Shri N. S. SamantDirectorDepartment of Chemicals &Petrochemicals,Shastri Bhavan, New Delhi

25. Shri Naved MasoodJoint Secretary (NDM) andAddl. Central Relief Commissioner,Department of Agriculture &Cooperation,Krishi BhawanNew Delhi

26. Dr. R. K. BhandariDirectorCDMM, Anna UniversityChennai-25

27. Shri T. N. GuptaAdvisor, MoUDPA &Ex. Director, BMTPCG-WingNirman BhawanNew Delhi

28 Shri Anil SinhaHeadNational Centre for DisasterManagementIIPA, IP Estate, Ring RoadNew Delhi-110002

A C R O N Y M S





Ministry of Health and Family Welfare - MoH&FW

Ministry of Water Resources - MoWR

Department of Animal Husbandry - DoAH

Ministry of Urban Development and Poverty Alleviation - MoUD&PA

Ministry of Planning and Programme Implementation - MoP&PI


Ministry of Rural Development - MoRD

Ministry of Information Technology - MoIT

Ministry of Information and Broadcasting - MoI&B



Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment - MoSJ&E


Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Resources - MoNCR

Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas - MoP&NG



Ministry of Commerce and Industry - MoC&I

Ministry of Science and Technology - MoSc&T


Ministry of Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution - MoCA&PD

National Crisis Management Committee - NCMC

Crisis Management Group - CMG

Emergency Support Function - ESF

Incident Command System - ICS

National Remote Sensing Agency - NRSA

High Powered Committee - HPC

Geographic Information System - GIS

t FEMA; Federal Response Plan, FEMA(USA), Apr-99

t FEMA; Federal Response Plan, FEMA,Apr-92

t National Emergency Training Centre;Donation Management WorkshopFEMA, Apr-92

t FEMA; Urban Search and rescueresponse system-Field Operation Guide,Sep-93

t FEMA; Stafford Act, Sep-98

t Department of Health andSanitation(USA); Disaster MedicalAssistance Team- Response teammanual, May-99

t FEMA; Selected Information AboutFederal Chemical Biological, NuclearConsequence Management ResponseTeams

t FEMA; FEMA Organisation

t FEMA; National InteragencyMobilisation Guide

t FEMA US and R Task forceOrganisation

t FEMA; Community relations Team-Field Operation Guide, Aug-99

t IFRC Emergency Response Units

t Gary Amdahl, Disaster Response-GISfor Public Safety ESRI-Press Canada,Apr-01

t Sphere Project; The Sphere Project-Humanitarian Charter and MinimumStandards in Disaster Response

t Normeca Norwegian Mobile Hospitalsand Disasters Units

t United Nations; United NationsDisaster assessment and Coordination(UNDAC), 2000

t Cabinet Secretariat; EmergencyManagement Systems in India-The needfor review in light of best practicesworldwide

t Govt. of India, HPC, Interim Report I,Jul-00

t Govt. of India, HPC, Interim Report II,Feb-01

t Govt. of India, Department of Scienceand Technology, Mine Fire, 2001

t Govt. of India, Department of Scienceand Technology, Geological Hazards,2001

References

t Ministry of Health and Family welfare,Govt. of India; Biological DisasterManagement Plan, 2001

t Revenue(Relief ) Department, Govt. ofIndia, Hyderabad EarthquakeContingency Plan-Andhra Pradesh

t ERM Private India Ltd. ChemicalHazards Jan-01

t Govt. of India, IMD, Water and ClimateRelated disasters, 2001

t District Contingency Plan

t Reva Khetrapal, Role of Media:Preparing People to Cope with Disasters,Press Council of India, Jan-01

t Govt of India, Ministry of Home Affairs,Concept of Trigger Mechanism, Feb-01

t Govt. Of India, Chapter 9 - Calamity

relief, 10th Finance Commission


t Govt. of India Ministry of AgricultureEstablishment of the National Centrefor Calamity Management (NCCM),2001

t Govt. of India, SOI, SOI - Role in DM,2001

t Govt. of Bangladesh, Min. of DM andRelief, Disaster management System inBangladesh, 1999

t Srilanka, Kandy Municipal CouncilSriLanka, Urban Multi-Hazard DisasterMitigation Project, 2001

t AVS Reddy, State level- AccidentRelated, May-01