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NATIONAL CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME
FOR GRASSLAND HABITATS OF EU IMPORTANCEIN LATVIA
Solvita Rūsiņa
Nature Conservation Agency
Latvia
Project LIFE 11 NAT/LV/371 NAT-PROGRAMMEhttp://nat-programme.daba.gov.lv/public/eng/about_the_project/
13th Eurasian Grassland Conference “Management and Conservation of Semi-natural grasslands:from theory to practice”, Sighisoara, Romania, 20-24 September, 2016
Area 64 589 km2
Population ~ 2 milj.
Lowland country (highest point 312 m);
Mean annual temperature 6.2 oC(February –4.6 oC, August +17.1 oC);
Precipitation 650 mm
Vegetation period 180–200 days.
• boreonemoral ecotone (needle-leaved forests and broad-leaved forests)
• Forests 50 %, mires 6 %, and agricultural land 38 %;
• semi-natural grasslands 0.7 % (~70 000 ha).
http://dziedava.lv/daba/libagu_pag/uz_kampariem_190710.jpg
Guidelines for management and
restoration
Conservation programme
HOW to restore and manage
WHERE to restore and manage
1. farmers
2. consultants, experts
1. municipalities2. Nature Conservation Agency3. environmental and conservation
organisations
Aims of the projectProject «National Conservation and Management Programme for Natura 2000 sites in
Latvia» NAT-PROGRAMME
BUDGET: 1,609,700 EUR EU Co-FUNDING: 804,850 EUR =50 % of total
COORDINATING BENEFICIARY: Nature Conservation Agency of Latvia. No asociated beneficiaries involved.
DURATION: 01/09/2012 - 28/02/2017
http://nat-programme.daba.gov.lv/public/eng/
Guidelines - organizing the process
2013 – the first meeting
Establishing the working group – 70 participants (whole day meeting). Contents
of the book – what do we need to know?
Participants: farmers, policy representatives, experts (botanists, entomologists,
ornitologists), NGOs, scientific community
Photos from the NAT-PROGRAMME project archive
Guidelines – the process
konkrētu
jautājumu
apspriešana
mazākās
grupās
konkrētu
jautājumu
apspriešana
mazākās
grupās
konkrētu
jautājumu
apspriešana
mazākās
grupās
konkrētu
jautājumu
apspriešana
mazākās
grupās
konkrētu
jautājumu
apspriešana
mazākās
grupās
Meeting : grassland birds – 17.12.2014
Meeting: grassland invertebrates – 3.02.2015
Meetings with farmers (Rucava 22.04.2014;
individual discussions)
Survey (220 respondents)
Comments on manuscript (available online)
Scientific reviewing
Lectures for farmers in
cooperation with Rural
Consultancy and Education
Center
2015
The second meeting – discussions on manuscript, field visits
2013 – the first meeting
2015
The second meeting – discussions on manuscript, field visits
Photos from the NAT-PROGRAMME project archive
Guidelines – the result (500 pages)
Part I. Grassland ecology
and conservationGrassland definition
Semi-natural vs sown grasslands
Grassland ecosystem functioning
Meadows vs pastures
Ecosystem services
Pressures
History of conservation of semi-
natural grasslands in Latvia
www.zudusilatvija.lv Drawings D.Segliņa, photos from the NAT-PROGRAMME project archive
Guidelines – the result
Part II. Planning of
grassland restoration and
managementConservation and management aims
What is management, restoration,
maintenance, creation...
Grassland management plan
Legal aspects
Monitoring
Drawings D.Segliņa, photos from the NAT-PROGRAMME project archive
Guidelines – the result
Part III. EU importance
grassland habitats and their
management (chapter for
each habitat type)Short description (vegetation, birds,
invertebrates)
Pressures
Aims of conservation
Restoration possibilities
Management requirements
Restoration examples
6120* Sandy calcareous grasslands
Drawings D.Segliņa, photos from the NAT-PROGRAMME project archive
Guidelines – the result
Part IV. Methods of
restoration and
maintenanceRestoration by
mowing, grazing
burning
managing trees and shrubs
hydrological restoration
reduction of soil fertility
seeding, sowing, planting
invasive, expansive species
Maintenance by
mowing (timing, removal of grass,
height...)
grazing (stocking rate, timing, ...)
Sēklu izbiršanas iespējas krasi samazinās.
decreasing dispersal ability
Drawings D.Segliņa, photos from the NAT-PROGRAMME project archive
Guidelines – the result
AppendicesHow to evaluate your grassland
Grassland bird photos
Plant indicator species photos
Tables of optimal, suboptimal and
prohibited management for each
habitat type
Synergy
Conservation programme for Natura 2000 sites (for
time period up to 2025) – priorities for restoration
• Priority habitat types (not only
those with *)
1630* Boreal Baltic coastal meadows
6110* Rupicolous calcareous or basophilic
grasslands of the Alysso-Sedion albi
6120* Xerix sand calcareous grasslands
6210 Dry rgasslands on calcareous substrates
(Festuco-Brometalia)
6230* Species rich Nardus grasslands
6270* Fennoscandian lowland species rich dry
to mesic grasslands
6410 Molinia meadows
6430 Hydrophilous tall herb fringe communities
6450 Northern Boreal alluvial meadows
6510 Lowland hay meadows
6530* Fennoscandian wooded meadows
• Priority Natura 2000 sites
12 % of the area of the country
333 sites (EU grasslands in 150 of
them)
Priority habitat types
Criteria:
1. Rarity – total rea of the habitat type in % of the total area of EU
importance grasslands;
2. Vulnerability – managed area vs. abandoned area:
• area of the habitat type receiving subsidies from the Rural
Development Programme of Latvia in measure «Managing
Biodiversity un Grasslands;
• area of the habitat type outside the rural register.
3. Conservation value – Biodiversity quality (results of Natura
2000 monitoring and other surveys)
We did not use:
– Importance for Boreal Biogeographical region (because of
differences in habitat type interpretation)
– Area of the habitat type in Natura 2000 network (because only
40 % of the total area of EU habitatas are in the network)
Priorities – habitat types
• 6120* Sandy calcareous grasslands
– Critical biodiversity quality
– Only 40 % managed in RDP (for comparison: 70 % 6450 Floodplain grasslands and 6270* Fennoscandian lowland species-rich dry to mesic grasslands)
– The most dramatic decrease in area
• 6530* Fennoscandian wooded meadows
– Critical biodiversity quality
– Only 10-20 % managed in RDP
– Habitat management plan is elaborated (the only habitat type) - priorities already set
• 1630* Coastal grasslands
– Critical biodiversity quality
– Only 20 % managed in RDP
– The rearest grassland habitat type in Latvia
• 6410 Molinia meadows on calcareous, peaty or clayey-silt-laden soils
– 40 % of the area in Natura 2000 outside rural register
– Only 45% managed in RDP
• 6230* Species-rich Nardus grasslands
– Dramatic decrease in area
Priority Natura 2000 sites
• Criteria:
– Total area of EU importance grasslands in Natura 2000 site
(proportion of the total area of Natura 2000 site;
– Area of particular grassland habitat type in Natura 2000 site
(proportion of the total area in Natura 2000 sites);
– Managed area (RDP subsidies) in proportion of the total area of
EU importance grasslands in Natura 2000 site;
– Expert judgement on biodiversity quality of the habitat type in
regional and national scale (no better data as Natura 2000
monitoring does not provide representative data at the scale of
Natura 2000 site);
– Landscape-ecological connectivity (Proximity index)
Projekts “Natura 2000 teritoriju nacionālā aizsardzības un apsaimniekošanas programma” NAT-PROGRAMME
http://nat-programme.daba.gov.lv
Dabas aizsardzības pārvaldeBaznīcas iela 7, Sigulda, LV-2150 ,Latvijae-pasts: [email protected]
Paldies par uzmanību!