National Computational Science Alliance The Emergence of the NT/Intel Standard Talk Given to Visitors from Compaq and Allstate January 14, 1998

National Computational Science Alliance

The Emergence of the NT/Intel Standard

• Talk Given to Visitors from Compaq and Allstate

• January 14, 1998


The Alliance National Technology Grid


MREN and STAR-TAP

MREN - America’s First Operational Gigapop - Midwest Sites

OC12 vBNS Indiana Hub

Indiana Univ

Purdue

Wisconsin

Minnesota/LCSE

NCSA

Michigan Hub

U Michigan Michigan State


Alliance National Technology GridWorkshop and Training Facilities

Powered by Silicon GraphicsLinked by the NSF vBNS


How to Find out More About the Alliance

See also http://alliance.ncsa.uiuc.edu


NCSA Industrial Partners

• Allstate Insurance Co.• Boeing Company• Caterpillar Inc.• Eastman Kodak Co.• Eli Lilly and Company• FMC Corporation• Ford Motor Company• J. P. Morgan

• Motorola, Inc.• Phillips Petroleum Co.• SABRE Group, Inc.• Schlumberger• Sears, Roebuck & Co.• Shell Oil Company• Tribune Company


Exponential Cascade:From Leading Edge to Consumer Electronics

1985 Cray X-MP

Cost:$8,000,000

60,000 watts of power

No Built in Graphics

56 kbps NSFnet Backbone

1997 Nintendo 64

Cost: $149

5 watts of power

Interactive 3D Graphics

64 kbps ISDN to Home

Source: Silicon Graphics, 1997


From Hyper-Boutique to Commercially Driven TOP500 Systems by Vendor

TOP500 Reports: http://www.netlib.org/benchmark/top500.html

CRI

SGI

IBM

Convex

HP

SunTMC

Intel DEC

JapaneseOther

0

100

200

300

400

500Ju

n-9

3

No

v-93

Jun

-94

No

v-94

Jun

-95

No

v-95

Jun

-96

No

v-96

Jun

-97

No

v-97

Nu

mb

er

of

Sy

ste

ms

OtherJapaneseDECIntelTMCSunHPConvexIBMSGICRI


Replacement of Shared Memory Vector Supercomputers by Microprocessor SMPs

0

100

200

300

400

500

Ju

n-9

3

No

v-93

Ju

n-9

4

No

v-94

Ju

n-9

5

No

v-95

Ju

n-9

6

No

v-96

Ju

n-9

7

No

v-97

To

p50

0 In

stal

led

SC

’s

MPP

SMP/DSM

PVP

TOP500 Reports: http://www.netlib.org/benchmark/top500.html


NCSA’s Three Eras of Architecture

1985

Shared Memory Vector Processors

Distributed Memory Systems

Shared Memory Microprocessors

1990 1995

Cray X-MP Cray Y-MP

Cray 2 Convex C3

TMC CM-2 TMC CM-5

HP Cluster

SGI Power Challenge

IBM Cluster

Alliant FX/80

2000

Intel Cluster

SGI PC Array

SGI SMP SGI Origin

HP SPP-2000

Convex SPP-1000

Convex C2

HP SPP-3000

SGI / CraySN-1

Large Scale NT/Intel Array?

National Computational Science AllianceFuture Upgrade Under Negotiation with NSF

1995-2002 NCSA Moves to UNIX/RISC Scalable Shared Memory Clusters

CM-5

CM-2


How Did a Supercomputer Center Get Into Enterprise Knowledge Management?

• Microprocessor Market Convergence– NT/Intel Challenging UNIX/RISC

• Desktop Software Tool Development– From NCSA Telnet to NCSA Mosaic

• Large Scientific Databases– From Scientific Visualization to Info Viz

• Emergence of Distributed Object Architecture– Java, ActiveX, CORBA, and the Web

• Supercomputer Center to PACI– Need to Create Alliance Intranet and Collaboratory


The Coming Integration of Technical and Commercial Computing

• The Emergence of High Performance Commercial Computing– Computational Knowledge Management– Focus on:

– Large Data Sets and Information Visualization– AI Techniques for Data Mining– Optimization and Decision Support– Financial “Rocket Science”

• NT / UNIX Interoperability and Scalability– HP and SGI UNIX DSMs– Scalable Microsoft NT Clusters and NCSA Symbio– Merced Processor in FY99-00


NCSA NT/Intel Projects

• NCSA Microsoft Intranet– Internet Explorer 4.0 and Office 97– Active Desktop (ActiveX & Push Technologies)– NT 5.0 (Active Directory, Kerberos, Dfs)

• NT/UNIX Interoperability Testbed– HP NT Pentium Pro Classroom & NT/UNIX Servers– UNIX Programming Environment on NT PC

• Computing on NT Network– NCSA Symbio

• NT Cluster Scalability– Tightly Coupled SMP Clusters (Chien / Iyer)


Alliance NT Cluster Approaches

• Target High Performance Applications– Scientific and Engineering– Business and Information-Intensive

• Fast Messaging-Andrew Chien, UIUC DCS– High Performance Network Backplane on SMPs– Support for MPI-FM, MPI-2 put/get, global arrays

• NCSA Symbio- Briand Sanderson, UIUC NCSA– Parallel Distributed Computing Environment– DCOM / COM based over Desktops and Servers

• Treadmarks- Willy Zwaenepol, Rice CRPC– Software DSM over NT Cluster


“RISC on the Desktop: Game Over” - The Slater Perspective

• Compaq, Dell, IBM, HP, Digital, NEC, Sequent,...– Vendors Committed to Intel Merced

• SGI and MIPS– SGI will produce NT/Intel Products– Future of MIPS Undecided

• Sun and SPARC– Committed to Solaris/Merced

• Merced will overtake – RISC Performance by 2001– RISC Workstation/Server Market Share by 2005

• 64-bit NT/Intel Roadmap– Intel Builds DEC Alpha for Interim– Intel Merced by late 1999

Microprocessor Report Nov. 17, 1997


The Road to Merced


Public Speculations on the 32-bit Intel Roadmap

• Pentium II– 1st Half 1998

• Deschutes– 2nd Half 1998

• Katmai– 1st Half 1999– MMX Enhancements

– Floating Point, UNIX platform– Faster User Interface

– 3D Graphics (4X AGP), Speech Recognition

– Higher Memory Bandwidth Using Rambus• Willamette

– 2nd Half 1999

PC Week 1/14/98


1996 Corporate PC Sales:Why NCSA is Partnering with HP & Compaq

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

Compaq Dell HP IBM Gateway Acer Apple Micron Digital AST

Un

its

Sh

ipp

ed (

mill

ion

s)

Source: Dataquest Inc. (PC Magazine Feb.17, 1997)


Allstate Pioneering an NT Intranet

• Standard Software Environment– Microsoft Office

– Microsoft Outlook / Exchange

– Internet Explorer

– Windows NT Desktop / Server for Intel Platforms

– Oracle Database Technology– CA Unicenter (TNG)

• TCP/IP Network– T3 Backbone– Sonet Ring Technology

• Partnering with NCSA as Microsoft / HP Testbed• Partnering with NCSA and Computer Associates


The Emergence of Knowledge Management

October 20, 1997


NCSA / AllstateNT Cluster Data Refinery

Visualization Stations

Compaq

NT Server

•Data Management Engine

• CORBA/Java Orbs

• High-Speed Interconnect

•Distributed File System

•Query Capability

•Visualization Tools

•Parallel Rule Construction

External Networks

Source: Allstate & Tilt Thompkins, NCSA

Compaq

NT Server


NCSA Automated Learning Applications - High Performance Commercial Computing

• Risk Assessment• Customer Retention• Market Segmentation• Fraud Detection• Automatic Text Document Classification• Effluent Quality Control• Plant Optimization• Smart Buildings• Secondary Protein Structure Prediction• Drug Classification• Precision Farming


1998-2005 NCSA Moves to Scalable NT/Intel Clusters of SMP

• Schedule of Goals– 1998 Deploy First Production Clusters

– Scientific and Engineering Tuned Cluster

– Data Intensive Tuned Cluster

– 1999 Enlarge to 512-Processors in Cluster

– 2000 Move to Merced

– 2002-2005 Achieve Teraflop Performance

• UNIX/RISC & NT/UNIX will Co-exist for 5 Years – 1998-2000 Move Applications to NT/Intel

– 2000-2005 Convergence toward NT/IAP-64

Documents

National Computational Science Alliance The Emergence of the NT/Intel Standard Talk Given to Visitors from Compaq and Allstate January 14, 1998