THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
National Comprehensive Guidelines for HIV Testing and Counselling
MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL WELFARE
February, 2013
February, 2013
February, 2013
. Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
National AIDS Control Program (NACP)
P.O. Box 11857,
Dar es Salaam.
Website:www.nacp.go.tz
e-mail: [email protected]
ISBN: 978-9987-650-80-4
Any part of this guidelines can be used provided that the source which is the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare Tanzania is acknowledged.
Page ii National Comprehensive Guidelines for HIV Testing and Counselling in Tanzania
mailto:[email protected]:Website:www.nacp.go.tzTable of Contents Forward....vii Acknowledgement.......viii Abbreviation......ix
Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................1 1.1 Background on HIV and AIDS services in Tanzania ...................................................... 1 1.2 Defining HIV Testing and Counselling ........................................................................... 1 1.3 Justification for Comprehensive National HTC Guidelines ............................................ 2 1.4 Purpose of Guidelines ...................................................................................................... 2 1.5 Scope of Guidelines ......................................................................................................... 3
Chapter 2: .......................................................................................................................................4 Core Principles of HIV Testing and Counselling........................................................................4
Preamble ..................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Confidentiality ................................................................................................................. 4 2.2 Counselling ...................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Consent ............................................................................................................................ 6 2.4 Correct Test Results......................................................................................................... 7 2.5 Connecting Clients and Patients to Follow-up Services .................................................. 8
Chapter 3: .......................................................................................................................................9 HIV Testing and Counselling Approaches ..................................................................................9
Preamble ..................................................................................................................................... 9 3.1 Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counselling............................................................. 9 3.3 Home-Based HTC.......................................................................................................... 10 3.4 Other HTC Approaches ................................................................................................. 12
3.4.1 Mandatory HIV testing ......................................................................................... 12 3.4.2 HIV testing of blood and tissue donations............................................................ 12 3.4.3 HIV testing for research or surveillance ............................................................... 12 3.4.4 Self-testing ............................................................................................................ 12
Chapter 4: .....................................................................................................................................13 HIV Testing and Counselling Settings .......................................................................................13
Preamble ................................................................................................................................... 13 4.1 Health Facilities ............................................................................................................. 13
4.1.1 Co-located HTC site ............................................................................................. 13 4.1.2 Integrated HTC ..................................................................................................... 13
4.2 Community-Based Settings ........................................................................................... 15 4.2.1 Stand-alone Voluntary Counselling and Testing Sites ......................................... 15 4.2.2 Mobile or Outreach Settings ................................................................................. 15 4.2.3 Home-Based Settings............................................................................................ 16 4.2.4 Workplace Settings ............................................................................................... 16
National Comprehensive Guidelines for HIV Testing and Counselling in Tanzania Page iii
Chapter 5: .....................................................................................................................................17 Populations Receiving HTC........................................................................................................17 Preamble ........................................................................................................................................17
5.1 General Populations ....................................................................................................... 17 5.1.1 Women and Men................................................................................................... 17 5.1.2 Couples ................................................................................................................. 17 5.1.3 Infants, Children, Youth and Adolescents ............................................................ 20
5.2 Key Populations at Higher Risk for Infection................................................................ 25 5.2.1 Persons who Inject Drugs (PWID) ....................................................................... 26 5.2.2 Sex Workers (SW) ................................................................................................ 26 5.2.3 Men who have sex with Men (MSM)................................................................... 26
5.3 Other populations at higher risk of HIV exposure ......................................................... 26 5.3.1 Persons abusing alcohol and other drugs .............................................................. 27 5.3.2 Mobile populations ............................................................................................... 27 5.3.3 Uniformed services ............................................................................................... 27 5.3.4 Prisoners................................................................................................................ 27 5.3.5 Refugees, displaced persons and migrants............................................................ 28
Chapter 6: .....................................................................................................................................29 HIV Testing and Counselling Service Package .........................................................................29
Preamble ................................................................................................................................... 29 6.1 Pre-test Session .............................................................................................................. 29 6.2 HIV Testing ................................................................................................................... 30 6.3 Post-test Counselling ..................................................................................................... 30
6.3.1 Re-testing Messages.............................................................................................. 31 6.4 Linkages from HTC to Follow-up Services................................................................... 32 6.5 Integration with other health services ............................................................................ 34
6.5.1 Condoms & lubricant............................................................................................ 34 6.5.2 Post-exposure Prophylaxis.................................................................................... 34
Chapter 7 ......................................................................................................................................35 Human Resources ........................................................................................................................35
Preamble ................................................................................................................................... 35 7.1 Requirements for HTC Providers .................................................................................. 35 7.2 Task Shifting.................................................................................................................. 35 7.3 Ethical Standards ........................................................................................................... 36 7.4 Training Requirements...................................................................................
