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NATION STATES IN INDIANATION STATES IN INDIA
Pre – War backgroundPre – War background:
•AMRITSAR MASSACRE:
NATION STATES IN INDIANATION STATES IN INDIA
Pre – War backgroundPre – War background:
•Used ahimsaahimsa (non-violence) and civil disobedience against unjust laws after experiencing racism
Mohandas GandhiMohandas Gandhi
Pre – War backgroundPre – War background:
•Used ahimsaahimsa (non-violence) and civil disobedience against unjust laws after experiencing racism
Mohandas GandhiSalt MarchSalt March
12 March 1930Tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt
monopoly in colonial India•Triggered a world reaction to the British and a wider Civil
Disobedience Movement
INDIAINDIA
World War II - World War II - post-pones attempts at Independence
•Gandhi and the Congress party the Congress party were Hindu•The Muslim League The Muslim League – Muhammad Ali Jinnah• Feared discrimination • Demanded a Separate nation – Pakistan
INDIAINDIA
Refugee Violence•Muslims slaughtered by Hindus and Sikhs•Hindus slaughtered Muslims
Gandhi was devastated by the divisionGandhi was devastated by the division•Spoke out against it.•He was assassinated by a Hindu radical•https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4zq_JH_uxvA
INDIAINDIANuclear Arms Race• Hindu principles
India is the Worlds Largest DemocracyTwo major parties:–Pro Hindu part–Pro separation of religion/government party
GhanaGhana (The Gold Coast) – 1957
Kwame NkrumahKwame Nkrumah•leader of Ghana and its predecessor state, the Gold Coast•Overseeing the nation's independence from British colonial rule in 1957•The first President and Prime Minister of •20th-century advocate of Pan-Africanism
Sub-Sahara African De-Colonization
Ghana (The Gold Coast) – 1957Ghana (The Gold Coast) – 1957Kwame NkrumahKwame Nkrumah
Kenya – Kenya – 19631963•European population blocked independence
•Led to armed revolt
•Constitution: • Queen Elizabeth II, was represented as head of state by a Governor-General of
Kenya. • provided for a bicameral parliament - the National Assembly• Senate and the House of Representatives
Sub-Sahara African De-Colonization
Republic of Congo Republic of Congo Belgium left behind chaos and civil warBelgium left behind chaos and civil warFighting continues….
1955 - publishes a "30-Year Plan" for granting the Congo increased self-government.1959 – Belgium begins to lose control over events in the Congo following serious nationalist riots in Leopoldville
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13286306
Sub-Sahara African De-Colonization
South AfricaColonized government began in 1910
ApartheidApartheid – segregation laws – segregation lawsMajority black population given no rights87% of land controlled by British (whites)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jgQBoXsxr8w
South Africa
African National Congress (ANC)African National Congress (ANC)Organizes resistance to South African government
The Sharpeville massacre (1960)The Sharpeville massacre (1960)After a day of demonstrations against the Pass laws, a crowd of about 5,000 to 7,000 black protesters went to the
police station. The South African police opened fire on the crowd, killing 69 people.
Changed the course of resistance in South AfricaLed by Nelson MandelaNelson Mandela, the resistance became violent by bombing sites
present-day South Africa, 21 March is celebrated as a public holiday in honor of human rights and to commemorate the Sharpeville massacre.
South Africa
African National Congress (ANC)African National Congress (ANC)Nelson Mandela Nelson Mandela
convicted and sent to prison for 27 years
South AfricaColonized government began in 1910
Apartheid – segregation lawsMajority black population given no rights87% of land controlled by British (whites)
African National Congress (ANC)Organizes resistance to South African government
United Nations Boycott and economic sanctionsUnited Nations Boycott and economic sanctions
South AfricaColonized government began in 1910
Apartheid – segregation lawsMajority black population given no rights87% of land controlled by British (whites)
African National Congress (ANC)Organizes resistance to South African government
United Nations Boycott and economic sanctions
National Party takes apart Apartheid – 1989National Party takes apart Apartheid – 1989Nelson Mandela Nelson Mandela released from prisonMandela becomes first freely elected President of South Africa
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjYm78K6aNI