Upload
others
View
4
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
NA
SA
RFI
D A
pplic
atio
nsP
atric
k W
. Fin
k, P
h.D
.A
pril
19, 2
007
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20070018174 2020-05-22T03:05:58+00:00Z
•P
atric
k Fi
nk, P
h.D
.•
Tim
othy
Ken
nedy
, Ph.
D.
•A
nne
Pow
ers
•Y
asse
r Har
idi
•A
ndre
w C
hu•
Gre
g Li
n•
Hes
ter Y
im•
Ken
t Bye
rly, P
h.D
. (Sp
atia
l Ac
uity
)•
Ric
hard
Bar
ton,
Ph.
D.
•M
icha
el K
haya
t, Ph
.D.
•G
eorg
e S
tudo
r•
Rob
ert B
roca
to(S
andi
aN
atio
nal L
abor
ator
ies)
•P
hong
Ngo
•G
. D. A
rndt
, Ph.
D.
•Ju
lia G
ross
•C
hau
Pha
n•
Dav
id N
i, P
h.D
.•
Ric
hard
Bar
ton,
Ph.
D.
•Jo
hn D
usl
•K
ent D
ekom
e
Con
trib
utor
s
•In
vent
ory
man
agem
ent i
n sp
ace
–A
pollo
, Spa
ce S
huttl
e, S
pace
Sta
tion
•P
oten
tial R
FID
use
s in
a re
mot
e hu
man
out
post
•U
ltra-
Wid
eban
d R
FID
for T
rack
ing
•P
assi
ve, w
irele
ss s
enso
rs in
NA
SA
app
licat
ions
–M
icro
met
eoro
id im
pact
det
ectio
n–
Sen
sor m
easu
rem
ents
in e
nviro
nmen
tal f
acili
ties
•E
-text
iles
for w
irele
ss a
nd R
FID
Out
line
Top
leve
l sto
wag
e dr
awin
g sh
owin
g C
omm
and
Mod
ule
stow
age
layo
ut
Sam
ple
tabl
e of
item
s co
ntai
ned
in m
odul
ar c
onta
iner
loca
tions
–us
ed to
layo
ut v
ehic
le a
nd tr
ain
crew
s on
item
loca
tions
(Ref
eren
ce A
pollo
Exp
erie
nce
Rep
ort:
Cre
w S
tatio
n In
tegr
atio
n -S
tow
age
& th
e S
uppo
rt Te
am C
once
pt, 1
972)
Apo
llo In
vent
ory
Con
cept
Shut
tle In
vent
ory
Con
cept
(non
-Tra
nsfe
r to
ISS)
•C
rew
is p
rovi
ded
hard
cop
y of
item
s lis
ted
by lo
catio
n (n
o pa
rt nu
mbe
rs, s
eria
l nu
mbe
rs, e
tc.,
prov
ided
) •
Cre
w a
lso
has
the
abilit
y to
look
item
s up
in la
ptop
dat
abas
e, b
ut o
ften
requ
ests
ite
m lo
catio
ns fr
om M
issi
on C
ontro
l
(Ref
eren
ce S
TS-1
09 F
DF
Flig
ht S
uppl
emen
t)
Cur
rent
ISS
Inve
ntor
y C
once
pt
•Th
e In
vent
ory
Man
agem
ent S
yste
m (I
MS
) is
used
to tr
ack
item
s on
the
ISS
–H
andh
eld
barc
ode
read
er is
use
d by
the
crew
for q
uick
on-
site
upd
ates
•D
ata
from
the
barc
ode
read
er m
ay b
e pa
ssed
to th
e on
boar
d IM
S d
atab
ase
by R
F or
ser
ial h
ardl
ine
conn
ectio
n to
the
lapt
op•
Expe
ditio
n 15
will
use
the
new
PD
As
to a
cces
s IM
S a
nd p
erfo
rm b
arco
de s
cans
.–
IMS
sof
twar
e ap
plic
atio
n is
use
d fo
r com
plex
upd
ates
•
Man
ual c
rew
ent
ries
into
onb
oard
dat
abas
e on
lapt
op•
Flig
ht c
ontro
l tea
m e
ntrie
s in
to g
roun
d da
taba
se–
Dat
abas
es a
re s
ynch
roni
zed
by u
plin
king
and
dow
nlin
king
“Del
ta F
iles”
ISS
Sham
poo
with
tag
Tim
e D
omai
n Si
gnal
(tag
on
sham
poo)
Puls
es c
onta
inID
cod
e
Spac
e St
atio
n R
FID
Tes
t 200
8
•O
bjec
tives
:–
fligh
t cer
tify
a co
mm
erci
al R
FID
inte
rroga
tor a
nd ta
gs–
dem
onst
rate
RFI
D in
vent
ory
of c
rew
item
s an
d of
fice
supp
lies
at
bag
and
item
leve
l
RFI
D –
Luna
r Out
post
•H
igh
prob
abili
ty a
pplic
atio
ns
–In
vent
ory
man
agem
ent
•C
rew
sup
plie
s (e
.g.,
pers
onal
item
s, o
ffice
su
pplie
s, c
loth
ing)
•Fo
od, m
edic
ine
–R
eal-T
ime
Loca
lizat
ion
•E
VA
tool
s, e
quip
men
t
–M
onito
ring/
verif
ying
inte
r-ha
bita
t sup
ply
trans
fers
–“B
oney
ard”
inve
ntor
y•
Rea
l-tim
e ac
cess
to s
urpl
us p
arts
•S
mar
t tag
and
oth
er p
oten
tial a
pplic
atio
ns
–M
onito
r too
l exp
osur
e lim
its a
nd p
rovi
de
war
ning
s (e
.g.,
tem
pera
ture
ext
rem
es,
shoc
ks)
–S
tora
ge o
f cal
ibra
tion
info
rmat
ion
on
sens
ors,
LR
Us
–P
assi
ve ta
g tra
ckin
g
Exa
mpl
e: p
assi
ve C
OTS
tag
with
64
bit
ID c
ode,
tem
pera
ture
and
rang
e te
lem
etry
•E
valu
ate
UW
B-R
FID
sys
tem
Sap
phire
DA
RT
•C
usto
miz
e th
e sy
stem
and
enh
ance
the
tra
ckin
g pe
rform
ance
Act
ive
UW
B R
FID
for T
rack
ing
App
licat
ions
•La
bora
tory
test
con
figur
atio
n fo
r Sap
phire
DA
RT
Rx
1
Proc
essi
ng H
ub Ref
eren
ce
Tag
Asse
t Ta
g #
1
Asse
t Ta
g #
2
Rx
2Rx
3
Rx
4
y
x
Cros
s-ov
er
Ethe
rnet
Ca
ble
UW
B P
reci
sion
Tra
ckin
g
•U
WB
TD
OA
hig
h re
solu
tion
prox
imity
trac
king
fo
r rob
onau
t–
Theo
retic
al a
naly
sis
and
sim
ulat
ion
for T
DO
A
prox
imity
app
licat
ions
–La
b te
sts
show
sub
-inch
trac
king
reso
lutio
n
UW
B P
reci
sion
Tra
ckin
g
Whe
re p
ossi
ble,
no-
batte
ries
Red
uces
wire
, cre
w ti
me,
cer
tific
atio
n co
sts,
wei
ght,
pow
er, a
nd s
ize
Num
erou
s co
ncei
vabl
e ap
plic
atio
ns
Pass
ive,
Wire
less
Sen
sors
Inte
rrog
ator
Pote
ntia
l app
licat
ions
for
wire
less
ice
sens
or s
yste
m
64-b
it S
AW
-bas
ed C
OTS
RFI
D ta
g
Pass
ive
sens
or a
rray
s (e
nlar
ged)
Ice
sens
or
8-bi
t SA
W-b
ased
CO
TS R
FID
tag
AirG
ATE
Tec
hnol
ogie
s /
CTR
tag
•70
MH
z S
AW
-bas
ed s
enso
rs
–G
. Stu
dor (
JSC
), R
. Bro
cato
(SN
L), e
t al
•K
ey a
dvan
tage
: int
egra
tes
exis
ting
sens
or ty
pes
into
pas
sive
, wire
less
sy
stem
•Ta
rget
ed a
pplic
atio
n:
mic
rom
eteo
roid
impa
ct d
etec
tion
•R
equi
res
effic
ient
, min
iatu
rized
an
tenn
asAnt
enna
s fo
r HF
SAW
Sen
sor S
yste
m
Bro
ad B
and
MM
OD
Im
pact
RF
Ene
rgy
RF
Ant
enna
C
omm
unic
atio
n
Inte
rrog
ator
U
nit
HF
Ant
enna
s
Sig
nific
ant s
ize
redu
ctio
n of
the
ante
nna
Hal
f-wav
e di
pole
(0.5λ 0
, 2.1
4m)
Min
iatu
rized
spi
ral-l
oade
d sl
ot a
nten
na &
gro
und
plan
e (0
.07λ
0x
0.11λ 0
, 0.3
m x
0.4
6m)
Hab
itat w
alls
are
ele
ctric
ally
con
duct
ive
–C
anno
t use
wire
ant
enna
dire
ctly
aga
inst
con
duct
ing
wal
l–
Inte
grat
ion
of m
inia
turiz
ed H
F an
tenn
a w
ith h
abita
t wal
lsE
-text
ile a
nten
nas
EIG
ER
Sim
ulat
ion
HF
Pass
ive
Sens
or A
nten
nas
Pro
toty
pe 4
(45.
7cm
x 3
0.5c
m x
0.3
2cm
)
•M
inia
ture
Spi
ral-L
oade
d Sl
ot A
nten
na
2.5%
BW
Gai
n >
-5dB
i
Hab
itat M
odul
e In
terr
ogat
or-to
-Tag
Cou
plin
g
Cou
plin
g be
twee
n tw
o 70
MH
z an
tenn
as–
Rec
eive
d po
wer
leve
ls a
t diff
eren
t loc
atio
ns in
the
moc
kup
–M
odel
effe
cts
of b
lock
age
with
equ
ipm
ent i
n ha
bita
t mod
ule
NA
SA U
se o
f 2.4
ISM
SA
W-B
ased
RFI
D
Cou
rtesy
RFS
AW
, Inc
.
Cou
rtesy
AirG
ATE
Tec
hnol
ogie
s
•S
patia
l div
ersi
ty th
roug
h ad
aptiv
e di
gita
l be
amfo
rmin
g
Net
wor
k A
naly
zer
Ada
ptiv
e D
igita
l B
eam
form
ing
and
Sig
nal P
roce
ssin
g......
RF
Sw
itch
Mat
rix
Net
wor
k A
naly
zer......
RF
Sw
itch
Mat
rix
Net
wor
k A
naly
zer
......
RF
Col
lisio
n A
void
ance
Met
hods
~ 80
’45
’
40’
JSC
Cha
mbe
r A P
assi
ve, W
irele
ss S
enso
rs (C
HA
PS)
•C
ham
ber A
: Vac
uum
and
The
rmal
C
ycle
Tes
ting
of F
light
Har
dwar
e
•O
bjec
tive:
repl
ace
wire
d th
erm
al
and
pres
sure
sen
sors
with
w
irele
ss s
enso
rs–
Red
uces
set
up ti
me
betw
een
vehi
cle
conf
igur
atio
n ch
ange
s
•S
tage
: fea
sibi
lity
asse
ssm
ent
•Th
erm
al li
mit
cold
sid
e: 2
0K
•A
pplic
atio
ns fo
r vib
ratio
n an
d ac
oust
ic fa
cilit
ies
are
also
bei
ng
expl
ored
App
roxi
mat
e di
men
sion
s
72-E
lem
ent,
S-B
and,
Ada
ptiv
e, D
igita
l B
eam
form
ing
for T
ag In
terr
ogat
ion
Envi
ronm
enta
l Fac
ility
Wire
less
Sen
sors
JSC
Cha
mbe
r A
(Vac
uum
& T
herm
al C
ycle
)
•A
dapt
ive
inte
rrog
atio
n of
wire
less
tem
pera
ture
and
pre
ssur
e se
nsor
s•
Goa
ls: T
low
= 20
K; 1
000s
of T
-sen
sors
; 100
s of
P-s
enso
rs
Ant
enna
Sys
tem
App
roac
h
•N
o ac
tive
sens
or s
yste
m e
lem
ents
insi
de th
e ch
ambe
r
•A
dapt
ive
digi
tal b
eam
form
ing
offe
rs m
any
desi
gn d
egre
es o
f fre
edom
–Th
e sy
stem
can
lear
n op
timal
cha
nnel
wei
ghtin
g co
effic
ient
s pr
ior t
o co
mm
ence
men
t of t
ests
•In
terr
ogat
or a
pertu
re:
–S
mal
l tra
nsm
it ap
ertu
re -
atte
mpt
to m
inim
ize
trans
mit
dire
ctiv
ity
–La
rge
rece
ive
aper
ture
–hi
gh d
irect
ivity
for s
patia
l div
ersi
ty
•A
dditi
onal
col
lisio
n av
oida
nce
obta
ined
thro
ugh:
–po
lariz
atio
n di
visi
on a
nd c
ode
divi
sion
Smal
l Tra
nsm
it A
pert
ure
for B
road
Illu
min
atio
n
tags
Tran
smitt
er /
rece
iver
•D
igita
l sam
ples
on
each
re
ceiv
e el
emen
t
•B
eam
s ar
e fo
rmed
di
gita
lly–
num
ber o
f sim
ulta
neou
s be
ams
limite
d on
ly b
y ex
tern
al p
roce
ssor
s
•A
ll ta
gs w
ithin
tran
smit
beam
are
read
by
mul
tiple
, sim
ulta
neou
s re
ceiv
e be
ams
Larg
e R
ecei
ve A
pert
ure
for S
patia
l Div
ersi
ty
Tran
smitt
er /
rece
iver
-90
-75
-60
-45
-30
-15
015
30
45
60
75
90-4
0-3
5-3
5
-30
-30
-25
-25
-20
-20
-15
-15
-10
-10
-5
-5-4
0-4
05
5
10
10
8 El
emen
t Sch
elku
noff
Arr
ayPa
tch
wid
th =
4.1
4 cm
Subs
trat
e th
ickn
ess
= .4
45cm
Elem
ent s
paci
ng:
d
= .6
2λ
Cha
mbe
rSi
mul
atio
nTa
g 5
Exam
ple
of S
patia
l Div
ersi
ty: S
chel
kuno
ff ar
ray
Bea
mfo
rmin
g an
d Te
mpe
ratu
re S
enso
r Dem
o
9dB 5d
B
AirG
ATE
Tec
hnol
ogie
s /
CTR
tag
+ sl
ot a
nten
na
-180
-150
-120
-90
-60
-30
030
6090
120
150
180
θ(d
)
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10-50510 RHCP Gain (dBic)
4.0
GH
zC
oppe
rFa
bric
Sim
ulat
ion
Con
duct
ive
fabr
ic c
ircui
ts a
nd a
nten
nas
can
be
man
ufac
ture
d in
an
art-t
o-pa
rt pr
oces
s (e
.g.,
see
NA
SA
MS
C-2
4332
, DA
RP
A e
fforts
)
Per
form
ance
can
be
indi
stin
guis
habl
e fro
m
conv
entio
nal c
ount
erpa
rts fo
r man
y ci
rcui
ts, i
nclu
ding
R
F/m
icro
wav
e ci
rcui
ts a
nd a
nten
nas
–E
quia
ngul
ar s
pira
l –
Mic
rost
rip p
atch
ant
enna
s–
Qua
drat
ure
hybr
id c
oupl
er
E-Te
xtile
s fo
r Wire
less
& R
FID