(NARRDS/DARMS Form No. 2) Part I. BASIC INFORMATION 1. … · 2019-08-06 · Sr. Sci. Res. Specialist, respectively, SRA-LGAREC.. 3 INTRODUCTION High yield and disease resistance

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DARMS-CTR (NARRDS/DARMS Form No. 2)

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Bureau of Agricultural Research

3rd Floor ATI Bldg., Diliman, Q.C.

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE RESEARCH MONITORING SYSTEM REPORT FORMAT FOR COMPLETED RESEARCHES

Part I. BASIC INFORMATION 1. RESEARCH TITLE: PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED PHIL 2010 SERIES SUGARCANE

VARIETIES IN FOUR MILL DISTRICTS IN VISAYAS

2. RESEARCH NUMBER: 3. RESEARCHERS: JUVAL C. VELASCO, ROSENIE G. ENTIMA, NORA S. MENESES, MA. LOURDES C. ALMODIENTE AND RIMMON T. ARMONES 4. AGENCY(IES) INVOLVED: SUGAR REGULATORY ADMINISTRATION 5. RESEARCH SITES: Hda. De Fuego, Brgy. RSB, La Carlota City (La Carlota Mill District) Hda. Villarosa, Calatrava (San Carlos Mill District) Brgy. Inayawan, Cauayan (SONEDCO Mill District) Brgy. Curva, Ormoc City (Ormoc Mill District) 6. FUNDING AGENCY - Sugar Regulatory Administration 7. DURATION (ACTUAL DATES) Date Started: December 2015 Date Completed: February 2018 8. TECHNOLOGY LEVEL - TG 9. SUMMARY FINANCIAL REPORTS Total Approved Budget: P ____________ Total Released Budget: P ____________ Total Expenditures: P ____________ Part II. TECHNICAL REPORT

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PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED PHIL 2010 SERIES SUGARCANE VARIETIES IN FOUR MILL DISTRICTS IN VISAYAS

Juval C. Velasco, Rosenie G. Entima, Nora S. Meneses, Ma. Lourdes C. Almodiente and Rimmon T. Armones 1/

ABSTRACT

The study evaluated the plant and ratoon crop performance of ten selected Phil 2010 series

sugarcane varieties planted in La Carlota, San Carlos, SONEDCO and Ormoc mill districts from January 2016 to February 2018.

Significant differences between test and control varieties were observed in tonnage, sucrose content and sugar yield.

Variety-mean tonnage yield in the plant cane was highest in Phil 2010-0733 with 154.15 TC/Ha while in the ratoon crop; the highest tonnage yield was produced by Phil 2010-0107 with a mean of 113.99 TC/Ha. Location data revealed that the highest tonnage yield was in San Carlos in both plant and ratoon crops. Highest potential yield of 181.49 TC/Ha was attained by Phil 2010-0733 in the plant cane and 153.14 TC/Ha by Phil 2010-0645 in the ratoon crop.

Phil 2010-0149 obtained the highest variety-mean sucrose content of 2.28 LKg/TC in the plant cane and 2.20 LKg/TC in the ratoon crop similar with VMC 86-550. Highest potential sucrose content was obtained by Phil 2010-0149 and VMC 86-550 in San Carlos with 2.40 LKg/TC in the plant cane and Phil 2010-0149 in La Carlota got the highest sucrose content in the ratoon crop with 2.38 LKG/TC.

Pest and disease were generally low.

In the Gain-Even-Loss Tally, Phil 2010-0107 is the only variety which gave even scores with both controls in TC/Ha in plant and ratoon crops and in LKg/Ha of the ratoon crop in all four locations. On the other hand, Phil 2010-0149 is the only test variety which gained over Phil 8013 and got even score with VMC 86-550 in the plant cane; obtained even scores with the two controls without incurring losses in LKg/TC in both plant and ratoon crops. It gave even scores to VMC 86-550 in tonnage, sucrose content and sugar yield in all four locations in the plant cane and also in tonnage of the ratoon crop. The two varieties are high in tonnage, medium to high in sucrose content and sparse to very sparse flowering. Phil 2010-0107 is resistant to smut and downy mildew but moderate to leaf scorch and yellow spot while Phil 2010-0149 is resistant to smut, downy mildew and leaf scorch but moderate to yellow spot.

These varieties are recommended for further evaluation.

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1/ Sci. Res. Specialist II, Sci. Res. Specialist II, Sr. Sci. Res. Specialist & OIC, VIPM Section, Sr. Science Res. Specialist and

Sr. Sci. Res. Specialist, respectively, SRA-LGAREC..

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INTRODUCTION

High yield and disease resistance are attributes that make a good sugarcane variety. No

variety can perform more than what its genes allow. Good genes equate with good yield.

Impressive variety performance, however, requires more than good genes. Good genes must

interplay with a favorable growth environment if the plant is to attain its potential.

Varieties do not perform uniformly in all sugarcane farms. Some do well in one mill district

but not in another. This is reflected in the yearly reports of the Extension Services Division of

SRA on farm productivity. It is for this reason why before a newly developed variety is released

for commercial planting, a variety adaptability trial is conducted in different locations to identify

varieties suited to the locality. The test results will serve as basis in recommending which

varieties to plant in a particular mill district. The present study is the last stage in the Sugarcane

Variety Improvement Program of SRA.

OBJECTIVE

Specifically, this study sought to evaluate the plant and ratoon crop performance of ten

Phil 2010 series sugarcane varieties when grown in four mill districts in Visayas.

METHODOLOGY

This project was conducted in Calatrava Sugar Alliance, Inc., Hda. Villarosa, Calatrava,

San Carlos Mill District; Brgy. Inayawan, Cauayan, SONEDCO Mill District, and Hda. De

Fuego, Brgy RSB, La Carlota City, La Carlota Mill District all in Negros Occidental and Brgy.

Curva, Ormoc City, Ormoc Mill District in Leyte.

Field layout was patterned after the Randomized Complete Block Design with four

replications and using 6m x 9m experimental plots. Ten Phil 2010 series test varieties were

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used, namely: Phil 2010-0149, Phil 2010-0487, Phil 2010-0107, Phil 2010-0645, Phil 2010-

0077, Phil 2010-0385, Phil 2010-0105, Phil 2010-0733, Phil 2010-0353 and Phil 2010-0901.

Phil 8013 was included as the national control variety and VMC 86-550 as the local control

variety. Land preparation consisted of two plowings and harrowings by tractor with furrows set 1

m apart. Two-eyed canepoints were planted at the rate of 40,000 canepoints per ha. The

required fertilizer materials applied were determined through soil analysis. The materials were

applied in split doses: one-half of the required N and K at planting and the balance two months

thereafter. P was applied full dose at planting. Weeding was done whenever necessary.

Harvesting was at 12 months after planting. Statistical analysis by way of F-test and mean

comparison using the Least Significant Differences (LSD) were employed to evaluate the

results. The Gain-Even-Loss Tally was also used to evaluate variety performance.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Yield data obtained in the four test locations, both in the plant and ratoon crops are

presented in Tables 1-3 for cane tonnage yield, sucrose content and sugar yield, respectively.

Cane Tonnage Yield, TC/Ha

Mean tonnage yield obtained in the four test sites are presented in Table 1. Plant cane

variety-mean tonnage yield of the test varieties ranged from 105.82 TC/Ha to 154.15 TC/Ha.

Highest variety-mean tonnage yield was in Phil 2010-0733 significantly outyielding control

varieties Phil 8013 and VMC 86-550 in San Carlos and Ormoc; surpassed yield of Phil 8013 in

SONEDCO and comparable in La Carlota. Highest potential tonnage yield of 181.49 TC/Ha was

observed in San Carlos on Phil 2010-0733. Tonnage yields of five test varieties in all locations

in the plant cane were comparable with the two control varieties. Remaining test varieties in San

Carlos, SONEDCO and Ormoc yielded comparably with the two controls.

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Mean tonnage yield in the ratoon crop ranged from 79.54 TC/Ha in Phil 2010-0385 to

113.99 TC/Ha in Phil 2010-0107. Phil 2010-0733 performed comparably with the two controls in

the four test sites in the ratoon crop. Tonnage yield potential of 153.14 TC/Ha was attained by

Phil 2010-0645 grown in San Carlos. Test varieties in San Carlos performed comparably with

the two controls. Tonnage yield of Phil 2010-0107 was comparable with the two controls in four

locations in both plant and ratoon crops.

Locations mean data revealed highest tonnage yield in San Carlos in both plant and

ratoon crops.

Sucrose Content, LKg/TC

Table 2 shows that variety mean sucrose content in the four test locations in the plant

cane ranged from 1.51 LKg/TC to 2.28 LKg/TC. Phil 2010-0149 gave the highest value while

the lowest was Phil 2010-0733. Phil 2010-0149 in San Carlos was sweeter than Phil 8013,

similar to VMC 86-550 (2.40 LKg/TC). Phil 2010-0645 performed comparably with the control

varieties in the four test sites.

In the ratoon crop, variety-mean sucrose content ranged from 1.52 LKg/TC in Phil 2010-

0733 to 2.20 LKg/TC in Phil 2010-0149 and VMC 86-550. Phil 2010-0149 was significantly

comparable with the two controls in sucrose content in both plant and ratoon crops.

Other test varieties were less sweet than the two controls. Sweetest canes in the plant

cane were observed in San Carlos while in the ratoon crop, in La Carlota.

Sugar Yield, LKg/Ha

Table 3 shows the mean sugar yield in the four test locations in plant and ratoon crops.

Sugar yield in the plant cane ranged from 208.73 LKg/Ha to 271.87 LKg/Ha while in the ratoon

crop, from 147.71 LKg/Ha to 238.77 LKg/Ha. VMC 86-550 obtained the highest sugar yield in

both plant and ratoon crops. The lowest was with Phil 2010-0901 in the plant cane and Phil

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2010-0353 in the ratoon crop. Phil 2010-0645 and Phil 2010-0107 yielded comparably with the

control varieties in the four test sites in both plant and ratoon crops, respectively. Other test

varieties were comparable, if not lower than the two controls in both plant and ratoon crops.

Sugar yield in both plant and ratoon crops was highest in San Carlos with highest potential

sugar yield of 371.75 LKg/Ha and 309.25 LKg/Ha, respectively attained by VMC 86-550.

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Table 1. Tonnage yield (TC/Ha) of selected PHIL 2010 series sugarcane varieties in four test locations

VARIETIES

PLANT CANE RATOON LA

CARLOTA SAN

CARLOS SONEDCO ORMOC V-MEAN

LA CARLOTA

SAN CARLOS

SONEDCO ORMOC V-MEAN

PHIL 2010-0149 111.90-a 127.82 93.44 90.10 105.82 92.65 107.36 85.44-a 71.54 89.25

PHIL 2010-0487 134.82 131.63 109.59 110.97 121.75 83.72 137.54 110.51 53.96-b 96.43

PHIL 2010-0107 128.25 135.22 107.19 112.81 120.87 108.17 146.26 121.72 79.81 113.99

PHIL 2010-0645 138.28 145.92 110.63 97.55 123.09 75.92-a-b 153.14 86.60-a 67.94 95.90

PHIL 2010-0077 114.10-a 140.32 122.44 114.93 122.95 80.64-b 133.65 103.89 73.39 97.89

PHIL 2010-0385 113.28-a 129.38 96.30 86.11 106.27 65.94-a-b 120.63 92.85-a 38.74-a-b 79.54

PHIL 2010-0105 120.61 142.26 124.38 109.19 124.11 92.69 113.96 112.01 60.06-b 94.68

PHIL 2010-0733 146.44 181.49+a+b 147.83+a 140.83+a+b 154.15 90.38 130.61 128.96 89.36 109.83

PHIL 2010-0353 112.33-a 150.86 104.59 108.14 118.98 89.35 114.46 91.33-a 66.43 90.39

PHIL 2010-0901 117.61 136.86 104.15 107.94 116.64 83.17 121.90 73.94-a-b 54. 79-b 83.45

PHIL 8013 142.84 143.94 114.38 98.54 124.93 99.57 125.43 122.47 71.99 104.86

VMC 86-550 123.01 155.98 104.17 101.46 121.15 105.10 131.76 108.13 83.52 107.13

MEAN 125.29 143.47 111.59 106.55 121.73 88.94 128.06 103.16 67.63 96.95

C.V. (%) 15.4 16.1 17.9 12.4 18.3 22.6 16.9 19.7

+/- a Higher/lower than Phil 8013, +/- b Higher/lower than VMC 86-550

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Table 2. Sucrose content (LKg/TC) of selected PHIL 2010 Series sugarcane varieties in four test locations

VARIETIES


CARLOTA SAN


LA CARLOTA

SAN CARLOS


PHIL 2010-0149 2.20 2.40+a 2.24 2.28 2.28 2.38 2.33 2.14 1.96 2.20

PHIL 2010-0487 2.10 1.96-b 2.00-b 2.05 2.03 2.06-a-b 2.03-b 1.92-b 1.76 1.94

PHIL 2010-0107 2.02 2.04-b 1.87-a-b 1.77-a-b 1.93 2.24 2.04-b 1.87-a-b 1.67 1.95

PHIL 2010-0645 2.11 2.20 2.08 2.02 2.10 2.22 1.96-a-b 1.97-b 1.66 1.95

PHIL 2010-0077 2.02 2.28 1.93-b 1.81-a-b 2.01 2.25 2.20 1.85-a-b 1.53-a 1.96

PHIL 2010-0385 2.16 2.27 1.95-b 2.07 2.11 2.15 2.07-b 1.96-b 1.69 1.97

PHIL 2010-0105 1.92-a-b 1.87-b 1.77-a-b 1.86 1.85 2.12-b 1.79-a-b 1.75-a-b 1.47-a-b 1.78

PHIL 2010-0733 1.60-a-b 1.57-a-b 1.76-a-b 1.12-a-b 1.51 2.09-a-b 1.48-a-b 1.54-a-b 0.98-a-b 1.52

PHIL 2010-0353 2.01-a 2.04-b 1.83-a-b 1.38-a-b 1.81 2.04-a-b 1.65-a-b 1.56-a-b 1.17-a-b 1.60

PHIL 2010-0901 1.98-a- 2.01-b 1.54-a-b 1.57-a-b 1.77 2.07-a-b 1.91-a-b 1.54-a-b 1.47-a-b 1.75

PHIL 8013 2.25 2.13 2.15 2.08 2.15 2.29 2.23 2.11 1.86 2.12

VMC 86-550 2.17 2.40 2.26 2.10 2.23 2.30 2.34 2.34 1.83 2.20

MEAN 2.04 2.10 1.95 1.84 1.98 2.18 2.00 1.88 1.59 1.91

C.V. (%) 8.1 8.8 8.0 9.8 5.6 8.9 8.6 13.7 +/- a Higher/lower than Phil 8013, +/- b Higher/lower than VMC 86-550

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Table 3. Sugar yield (LKg/Ha) of selected PHIL 2010 Series sugarcane varieties in four test locations

VARIETIES


CARLOTA SAN


LA CARLOTA

SAN CARLOS


PHIL 2010-0149 242.96-a 307.27 209.41 205.03 242.17 220.64 249.43 182.43-a-b 139.58 198.02

PHIL 2010-0487 282.52 258.99-b 219.51 228.89 247.48 167.56-a-b 277.25 211.97-a 93.96-a-b 187.68

PHIL 2010-0107 257.65 272.95-b 200.51 200.01 232.78 242.37 297.54 225.57 133.08 224.64

PHIL 2010-0645 292.64 321.38 229.92 196.82 260.19 168.13-a-b 295.12 170.50-a-b 108.68-b 185.61

PHIL 2010-0077 230.06-a 319.34 233.14 208.87 247.85 181.91-a-b 295.40 193.74-a-b 113.16-b 196.05

PHIL 2010-0385 243.62-a 292.87 185.26-a 178.57 225.08 141.67-a-b 251.21 183.06-a-b 64.80-a-b 160.18

PHIL 2010-0105 230.83-a 265.97-b 220.62 201.78 229.80 196.56-b 202.43-b 194.72-a-b 89.40 170.78

PHIL 2010-0733 233.31-a 292.41 259.45 158.29-b 235.86 187.19-b 195.17-b 194.31-a-b 87.57-a-b 166.06

PHIL 2010-0353 224.48-a 307.00 192.75 149.50-a-b 218.43 181.63-a-b 189.48-a-b 140.29-a-b 79.44-a-b 147.71

PHIL 2010-0901 231.94-a 273.65-b 159.73-a-b 169.59 208.73 172.09-a-b 230.94 114.03-a-b 81.94-a-b 149.75

PHIL 8013 323.16 303.56 245.46 204,59 269.20 226.06 278.94 257.93 133.32 224.06

VMC 86-550 268.04 371.75 233.20 214.48 271.87 241.33 309.25 252.06 152.46 238.77

MEAN 255.44 298.93 215.75 193.03 240.79 193.93 256.01 193.38 106.45 187.44


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Cane tonnage yield components

Tonnage yield components such as stalk length and diameter, number of millable stalks

per sqm and weight per stalk differed significantly between test and control varieties in plant and

ratoon crops in the four test sites (Table 4).

Stalk Length

In the plant cane, five varieties in La Carlota, six in San Carlos, five in SONEDCO and one

in Ormoc produced longer stalks than VMC 86-550 while one in La Carlota and another one in

Ormoc surpassed the length of the two controls. Eight varieties from Ormoc were comparable

with both controls. Variety mean length ranged from 279 cm to 390 cm. Remaining test

varieties were comparable in length, if not, shorter than the two controls. Location data mean

ranged from 316 cm in Ormoc to 336 cm in SONEDCO.

In the ratoon crop, three varieties in San Carlos, four in SONEDCO and one in Ormoc had

longer stalks than the local control. Phil 8013 had the tallest stalks and the shortest was Phil

2010-0645. Other test varieties were comparable, if not, shorter than the two controls. Location

mean ranged from 270 cm in Ormoc to 336 cm in SONEDCO. Longest stalks were from

SONEDCO while the shortest, from Ormoc in both plant and ratoon crops.

Stalk Diameter

As shown in Table 5, five test varieties in San Carlos, another five in SONEDCO and two

in Ormoc were bigger than Phil 8013, while two in SONEDCO and four in Ormoc had bigger

stalks than the two controls in the plant cane. Seven varieties in La Carlota, two in San Carlos

and four in Ormoc were comparable to the two controls in stalk size. The rest of the test

varieties were smaller than the two controls. Variety mean ranged from 2.4 cm to 2.9. cm.

Location mean ranged from 2.4 cm to 2.8 cm with Ormoc producing the biggest stalks.

Variety mean stalk diameter in the ratoon cane ranged from 2.5 cm to 3.0 cm. Five

varieties in La Carlota, three in San Carlos, two in SONEDCO and three in Ormoc had bigger

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stalks than Phil 8013 while one variety was bigger than the control varieties in SONEDCO. One

variety in La Carlota, three in San Carlos, another three in SONEDCO and five in Ormoc were

comparable to the two controls. Biggest stalks were produced in SONEDCO and San Carlos

followed by Ormoc and La Carlota. Location mean ranged from 2.5 cm to 2.8 cm.

Stalks/sqm

Phil 2010-0645 produced more stalks than the two controls in La Carlota and Ormoc; the

highest among the varieties in the plant cane. On the average, more stalks were observed in

San Carlos and SONEDCO similarly. All test varieties in SONEDCO performed comparably with

the two controls. In the ratoon crop, Phil 2010-0107 and Phil 2010-0645 had more stalks than

VMC 86-550 in La Carlota. These varieties had the most number of stalks among the test

varieties. All test varieties in San Carlos were comparable with the two controls. Location mean

showed that more stalks were produced in San Carlos than in other test locations. Phil 2010-

0901 had the least number of stalks per sqm in both plant and ratoon crops.

Weight/stalk

Table 7 shows that in the plant cane, Phil 2010-0733 had the heaviest mean stalk weight

of 1.667 kg while Phil 2010-0645 the lightest with 1.021 kg. Two test varieties each in La

Carlota, SONEDCO and Ormoc were heavier than Phil 8013 and VMC 86-550. Five in San

Carlos and a lone variety from SONEDCO surpassed the weight of Phil 8013. Four varieties

were significantly comparable with the two controls in all test locations. Stalks were heaviest in

La Carlota and lightest in SONEDCO.

For the ratoon crop, two varieties in San Carlos and one in Ormoc were heavier than Phil

8013. VMC 86-550 had the heaviest mean stalk weight of 1.287 kg and Phil 2010-0645, the

lightest with 0.948 kg. San Carlos had the heaviest stalks and ORMOC, the lightest. Phil 2010-

0645 had the lightest stalks in both plant and ratoon crops.

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Table 4. Stalk length (cm) of selected PHIL 2010 Series sugarcane varieties in four test locations

VARIETIES


CARLOTA SAN


LA CARLOTA

SAN CARLOS


PHIL 2010-0149 306-a 293-a 312-a 277 297 293-a 313-a 304-a 280 298

PHIL 2010-0487 346+b 341+b 326-a 316 332 291-a 319-a 323-a 262-a 299

PHIL 2010-0107 347+b 332-a+b 356+b 392+a+b 357 301-a 341+b 373+b 301+b 329

PHIL 2010-0645 273-a 255-a 272-a-b 318 279 241-a-b 250-a-b 279-a 217-a-b 247

PHIL 2010-0077 357+b 323-a+b 361+b 313 338 287-a 323-a 365+b 270 311

PHIL 2010-0385 338+b 326-a+b 337-a+b 300 325 285-a 339+b 326-a 272 306

PHIL 2010-0105 356+b 331-a+b 361+b 305 338 296-a 323-a 363+b 256-a 310

PHIL 2010-0733 409+a+b 385+b 384+b 383+b 390 310 375+b 386+b 298-b 342

PHIL 2010-0353 295-a 303-a 323-a 322 311 281-a 320-a 325-a 271 299

PHIL 2010-0901 308-a 302-a 317-a 278 301 272-a 314-a 304-a 248-a 284

PHIL 8013 366 379 376 331 363 335 371 388 297 348

VMC 86-550 301 271 305 263 285 283 296 295 265 285

MEAN 334 320 336 316 326 289 324 336 270 305


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Table 5. Stalk diameter (cm) of selected PHIL 2010 Series sugarcane varieties in four test locations

VARIETIES


CARLOTA SAN


LA CARLOTA

SAN CARLOS


PHIL 2010-0149 2.5 2.4 2.2-b 2.7 2.5 2.7+a 2.8 2.9 2.8+a 2.8

PHIL 2010-0487 2.6 2.6 2.5+a 2.7 2.6 2.5-b 2.7-b 2.8 2.6 2.7

PHIL 2010-0107 2.3-b 2.4-b 2.2-b 2.8+b 2.4 2.6+a 2.7-b 2.8 2.6 2.7

PHIL 2010-0645 2.5 2.4-b 2.4+a 2.8+a 2.5 2.3-b 2.6- 2.7-b 2.4-b 2.5

PHIL 2010-0077 2.4-b 2.4-b 2.2-b 2.6 2.4 2.5-b 2.7-b 2.6-b 2.5-b 2.6

PHIL 2010-0385 2.2-a-b 2.7+a 2.5+a 2.6 2.5 2.3-b 2.9+a 2.6-b 2.6 2.6

PHIL 2010-0105 2.6 2.7+a 2.7+a 3.0+a+b 2.7 2.6+a 2.8 3.0+a 2.6 2.8

PHIL 2010-0733 2.6 2.7+a 2.4+a 3.0+a+b 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.7-b 2.7 2.7

PHIL 2010-0353 2.6 2.8+a 2.7+a+b 3.3+a+b 2.9 2.7+a 3.0+a 3.0+a 2.8+a 2.9

PHIL 2010-0901 2.7 2.9+a 2.9+a+b 3.1+a+b 2.9 2.8+a 3.0+a 3.3+a+b 2.9+a 3.0

PHIL 8013 2.6 2.4 2.1 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.5

VMC 86-550 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.0 3.0 2.7 2.8

MEAN 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.7


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Table 6. Stalks/sqm of selected PHIL 2010 Series sugarcane varieties in four test locations

VARIETIES


CARLOTA SAN


LA CARLOTA

SAN CARLOS


PHIL 2010-0149 7.2-a 9.0-a 8.4 7.7-b 8.1 7.0 8.1 6.7-a 7.9 7.4

PHIL 2010-0487 8.7 9.3-a 9.5 9.2 9.2 7.5 10.5 9.1 7.0-a 8.5

PHIL 2010-0107 9.9 9.6 10.5 8.4 9.6 9.3+b 11.2 11.1 9.1 10.2

PHIL 2010-0645 14.3+a+b 11.5 11.4 11.7+a+b 12.2 9.4+b 12.1 8.7 10.5 10.2

PHIL 2010-0077 7.0-a 9.3-a 11.0 9.9 9.3 7.4 10.3 9.6 9.7 9.3

PHIL 2010-0385 8.3 8.7-a 9.4 7.7-b 8.5 6.2-a 9.8 7.7 4.8-a-b 7.1

PHIL 2010-0105 6.5-a-b 7.9-a 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.0 8.1 9.0 7.2 7.8

PHIL 2010-0733 7.4-a 10.4 11.5 8.9 9.6 7.1 10.8 10.3 9.6 9.5

PHIL 2010-0353 7.4-a 9.6 7.6 7.5-b 8.0 6.5-a 8.6 7.6 6.5-a 7.3

PHIL 2010-0901 7.4-a 8.3-a 7.6 8.2 7.9 6.5-a 8.8 5.9-a-b 6.0-a 6.8

PHIL 8013 9.8 11.5 10.4 8.7 10.1 8.4 11.2 9.6 9.5 9.7

VMC 86-550 8.4 9.7 8.8 9.2 9.0 7.6 9.2 8.8 8.3 8.5

MEAN 8.5 9.6 9.6 8.8 9.1 7.5 9.9 8.7 8.0 8.5


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Table 7. Weight/stalk (kg) of selected PHIL 2010 Series sugarcane varieties in four test locations

VARIETIES


CARLOTA SAN


LA CARLOTA

SAN CARLOS


PHIL 2010-0149 1.556 1.417 1.132 1.167 1.318 1.319 1.422+a 1.262 0.909 1.228

PHIL 2010-0487 1.558 1.443 1.153 1.222 1.344 1.075-b 1.288 1.229 0.767-b 1.090

PHIL 2010-0107 1.292 1.413 1.050 1.346 1.275 1.154-b 1.322 1.114 0.878-b 1.117

PHIL 2010-0645 0.966-a-b 1.286-b 0.997 0.835-a 1.021 0.827-a-b 1.303 1.006 0.654-b 0.948

PHIL 2010-0077 1.675 1.515+a 1.157 1.155 1.376 1.081-b 1.304 1.104 0.750-b 1.060

PHIL 2010-0385 1.388 1.491 1.050 1.141 1.267 1.059-b 1.243 1.191 0.816-b 1.077

PHIL 2010-0105 1.868+a+b 1.789+a 1.390+a+b 1.295 1.585 1.328 1.390 1253 0.852-b 1.206

PHIL 2010-0733 1.974+a+b 1.745+a 1.296 1.652+a+b 1.667 1.272 1.236 1.326 0.932 1.191

PHIL 2010-0353 1.527 1.569+a 1.393+a+b 1.450+a+b 1.485 1.374 1.344 1.239 1.018+a 1.244

PHIL 2010-0901 1.608 1.645+a 1.359+a 1.319 1.483 1.275 1.405+a 1.273 0.901 1.214

PHIL 8013 1.445 1.261 1.129 1.133 1.242 1.179 1.126 1.286 0.757 1.087

VMC 86-550 1.468 1.620 1.180 1.107 1.344 1.394 1.438 1.249 1.065 1.287

MEAN 1.527 1.516 1.190 1.235 1.367 1.195 1.318 1.211 0.858 1.146

C.V. (%) 12.3 11.4 11.3 15.9 11.8 14.4 18.1 14,5 +/- a Higher/lower than Phil 8013, +/- b Higher/lower than VMC 86-550

16

Flowering Incidences

Table 8 shows the flowering incidences in plant and ratoon crops in the four test locations.

Three test varieties in the plant cane and two in the ratoon crop did not flower. Remaining test

varieties were observed to be sparse to very sparse flowering. More canes flowered in La

Carlota than in other test locations in both plant and ratoon crops.

Pests and Disease Incidences

Plant cane data (Table 9a) showed that mean smut infection in the four test sites ranged

from 0 - 4.54%; downy mildew was from 0 - 0.23%; yellow spot was from 0 - 3.75% incidence

and leaf scorch showed 0 - 0.34% incidence. Borer infestation and rat damage were from 2.47 -

4.11% and 0.06 - 3.18%, respectively. Mosaic infection was not observed in the four test

locations.

In the ratoon crop (Table 9b), mean smut infection ranged from 0.06 - 9.94%; yellow spot

was from 0 - 1.56% incidence and leaf scorch showed 0 - 0.03% incidence. Rat damage was

from 0.35 – 4.43%. Borer infestation and downy mildew and mosaic infection were not observed

in the four test locations.

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Table 8. Flowering incidence (%) of selected PHIL 2010 series sugarcane varieties in four test locations.

VARIETIES


CARLOTA SAN


LA CARLOTA

SAN CARLOS


PHIL 2010-0149 30.15 0.64 18.20 5.05 13.51 40.56 1.21 27.39 6.75 18.98

PHIL 2010-0487 9.85 0.96 3.54 2.90 4.31 18.86 1.46 12.00 4.96 9.32

PHIL 2010-0107 25.30 12.10 19.33 6.07 15.70 48.06 19.30 22.57 7.22 24.29

PHIL 2010-0645 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

PHIL 2010-0077 12.37 1.32 6.42 1.64 5.44 19.02 1.72 17.33 2.72 10.20

PHIL 2010-0385 6.89 0.06 0.00 1.21 2.04 11.33 0.24 6.21 1.75 4.88

PHIL 2010-0105 11.20 0.00 3.40 3.48 4.52 11.36 0.00 6.34 3.26 5.24

PHIL 2010-0733 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.94 0.00 6.34 2.78 10.17

PHIL 2010-0353 18.0 0.00 7.14 2.27 6.85 25.84 0.00 19.69 6.19 12.93

PHIL 2010-0901 3.45 0.00 2.16 2.48 2.02 3.16 0.64 4.02 1.38 2.30

PHIL 8013 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

VMC 86-550 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.26 0.07

MEAN 9.77 1.26 5.02 2.09 4.53 16.43 2.05 11.21 3.10 8.20

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Table 9a. Mean pest and disease incidences (%) in plant crop of PHIL 2010 series sugarcane varieties in four test locations

VARIETY SMUT DOWNY MILDEW

YELLOW SPOT

MOSAIC LEAF

SCORCH

BORER INFESTA-

TION

RAT DAMAGE

PHIL 2010-0149 0.05 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.00 3.37 1.11

PHIL 2010-0487 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 3.72 1.29

PHIL 2010-0107 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.00 3.78 0.06

PHIL 2010-0645 0.00 0.00 3.75 0.00 0.00 2.82 1.36

PHIL 2010-0077 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.28 2.62 0.69

PHIL 2010-0385 0.51 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 2.47 0.89

PHIL 2010-0105 0.11 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 3.23 0.75

PHIL 2010-0733 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 3.26 0.45

PHIL 2010-0353 0.00 0.00 1.31 0.00 0.00 2.71 1.70

PHIL 2010-0901 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.34 3.04 0.80

PHIL 8013 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 3.33 0.52

VMC 86-550 4.54 0.23 0.63 0.00 0.00 4.11 3.18

MEAN 0.43 0.02 0.56 0.00 0.05 3.21 1.07 * Average of 4 locations

19

Table 9b. Mean pest and disease incidences (%) in ratoon crop of PHIL 2010 series sugarcane varieties in four test locations

VARIETY SMUT DOWNY MILDEW

YELLOW SPOT

MOSAIC LEAF

SCORCH

BORER INFESTA-

TION

RAT DAMAGE

PHIL 2010-0149 0.21 0.00 1.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.89

PHIL 2010-0487 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.35

PHIL 2010-0107 0.21 0.00 0.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.35

PHIL 2010-0645 0.24 0.00 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.11

PHIL 2010-0077 1.57 0.00 0.63 0.00 0.03 0.00 1.69

PHIL 2010-0385 2.88 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.97

PHIL 2010-0105 0.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.76

PHIL 2010-0733 0.50 0.00 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.62

PHIL 2010-0353 0.18 0.00 0.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.50

PHIL 2010-0901 0.12 0.00 0.63 0.00 0.03 0.00 1.25

PHIL 8013 0.06 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.40

VMC 86-550 9.94 0.00 1.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.43

MEAN 1,41 0.00 0.67 0.00 0.01 0.00 2.11 * Average of 4 location

Gain-Even-Loss Tally

As shown in Table 10 on TC/Ha in the plant cane, only Phil 2010-0733 gained over the

control varieties; three locations to Phil 8013 and two locations to VMC 86-550. The rest had

even scores with Phil 8013 in three to four locations and gave even scores with VMC 86-550 in

all four locations.

For LKg/TC, only Phil 2010-0149 gained over Phil 8013 in one location and got even in

three locations; got even with VMC 86-550 in all test locations. Phil 2010-0645 got even scores

with the two controls in all locations, while two test varieties got even with Phil 8013. Remaining

test varieties were sweet, if not, less sweet than the two controls in one to four test sites.

In LKg/Ha, Phil 2010-0645 got even score with the two controls; two were even to Phil

8013, and three were even to VMC 86-550. The rest of the test varieties gave even and loss

scores to the two controls in one to three locations.

In the ratoon crop, two varieties got even with the control varieties; two were even to VMC

86-550 and three to Phil 8013 in TC/Ha. Remaining test varieties were even, if not, lost to the

control varieties in four locations.

In LKg/Ha, Phil 2010-0107 got even scores with the two controls in the four test locations.

Phil 2010-0353 lost to the two controls. Other test varieties got even and loss scores to the two

controls in one to four locations.

In LKg/TC, only Phil 2010-0149 got even scores with the two controls and one test variety

with Phil 8013, in the four test sites. Three test varieties lost to the two controls while others

incurred even and loss scores in one to four locations.

Table 10. Gain-Even-Loss Score

TEST VARIETIES VS CONTROL

PLANT CANE RATOON

TC/HA LKG/TC LKG/HA TC/HA LKG/TC LKG/HA

PHIL 2010-0149 PHIL 8013 0-3-1 1-3-0 0-3-1 0-3-1 0-4-0 0-3-1

VMC 86-550 0-4-0 0-4-0 0-4-0 0-4-0 0-4-0 0-3-1

PHIL 2010-0487 PHIL 8013 0-4-0 0-4-0 0-4-0 0-4-0 0-3-1 0-3-1

VMC 86-550 0-4-0 0-2-2 0-3-1 0-3-1 0-1-3 0-2-2

PHIL 2010-0107 PHIL 8013 0-4-0 0-2-2 0-4-0 0-4-0 0-3-1 0-4-0

VMC 86-550 0-4-0 0-1-3 0-3-1 0-4-0 0-2-2 0-4-0

PHIL 2010-0645 PHIL 8013 0-4-0 0-4-0 0-4-0 0-2-2 0-3-1 0-2-2

VMC 86-550 0-4-0 0-4-0 0-4-0 0-3-1 0-2-2 0-1-3

PHIL 2010-0077 PHIL 8013 0-3-1 0-3-1 0-3-1 0-4-0 0-2-2 02-2

VMC 86-550 0-4-0 0-2-2 0-4-0 0-3-1 0-3-1 0-1-3

PHIL 2010-0385 PHIL 8013 0-3-1 0-4-0 0-2-2 0-1-3 0-4-0 0-1-3

VMC 86-550 0-4-0 0-3-1 0-4-0 0-2-2 0-2-2 0-1-3

PHIL 2010-0105 PHIL 8013 0-4-0 0-2-2 0-3-1 0-4-0 0-1-3 0-2-2

VMC 86-550 0-4-0 0-1-3 0-3-1 0-3-1 0-0-4 0-0-4

PHIL 2010-0733 PHIL 8013 3-1-0 0-0-4 0-3-1 0-4-0 0-0-4 0-2-2

VMC 86-550 2-2-0 0-0-4 0-3-1 0-4-0 0-0-4 0-0-4

PHIL 2010-0353 PHIL 8013 0-3-1 0-1-3 0-2-2 0-3-1 0-0-4 0-0-4

VMC 86-550 0-4-0 0-1-3 0-3-1 0-4-0 0-0-4 0-0-4

PHIL 2010-0901 PHIL 8013 0-4-0 0-1-3 0-2-2 0-3-1 0-0-4 0-1-3

VMC 86-550 0-4-0 0-1-3 0-2-2 0-2-2 0-0-4 0-1-3 1-0-0 Test variety significantly higher than control; 0-1-0 Test variety comparable to control; 0-0-1 Test variety significantly lower than control

Among the test varieties, Phil 2010-0149 and Phil 2010-0107 got even scores with VMC 86-

550 in TC/Ha in both plant and ratoon crops. Phil 2010-0149 gained in one location, got even in

three locations to Phil 8013 and even in four locations with VMC 86-550 in LKg/TC in the plant

cane and was even with the two controls in the ratoon crop. It was even with the two controls in

three locations but lost in one location in LKg/Ha in both plant and ratoon crops. Phil 2010-0107

was even with the two controls in TC/Ha in all locations; even with Phil 8013 in four locations in

LKg/Ha in both plant and ratoon crops and even with the two controls in LKg/Ha in the ratoon

crop. It got even and loss scores in one to three locations with the two controls on LKg/TC.

Phil 2010-0149 and Phil 2010-0107 are high in tonnage, medium to high in sucrose

content and sparse to very sparse flowering. Phil 2010-0149 is resistant to smut, downy mildew

and leaf scorch but moderate to yellow spot while Phil 2010-0107 is resistant to smut and

downy mildew but moderate to leaf scorch and yellow spot.


SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION

This study evaluated the plant and ratoon crop performance of ten selected Phil 2010

series sugarcane varieties planted in La Carlota, San Carlos, SONEDCO and Ormoc Mill

Districts from January 2016 to February 2018.

Significant differences between test and control varieties were observed in tonnage,

sucrose content and sugar yield.

In the plant cane, variety-mean highest tonnage yield of 154.15 TC/Ha was in Phil 2010-

0733 while in the ratoon crop, 113.99 TC/Ha in Phil 2010-0107.

Location data in the plant cane revealed highest tonnage yield in San Carlos in both plant

and ratoon crops on varieties Phil 2010-0733 and Phil 2010-0645, respectively.

23

Test varieties were comparable if not lower in sucrose content than the two controls in

both plant and ratoon crops. Phil 2010-0149 obtained the highest LKg/TC of 2.28 in the plant

cane and 2.20 in the ratoon crop similar with VMC 86-550. Sweetest canes in the plant cane

were from San Carlos and La Carlota, in the ratoon crop.

Variety-mean sugar yield in the plant cane was highest in VMC 86-550 and lowest in Phil

2010-0901 while in the ratoon crop, highest sugar yield was in VMC 86-550 and lowest in Phil

2010-0353. Sugar yield in both plant and ratoon crops was highest in San Carlos followed by La

Carlota, SONEDCO and Ormoc with highest potential yield attained by VMC 86-550 in both

plant and ratoon crops grown in San Carlos with 371.75 and 309.25 LKg/Ha, respectively.

Some of the test varieties yielded comparably as the two controls while others produced lower

sugar yields.

Phil 2010-0733 had the longest and heaviest stalks in the plant cane while Phil 2010-0353

and Phil 2010-0901 produced biggest stalks similarly. In the ratoon crop, Phil 8013 got the

longest stalks; biggest and heaviest stalks were from Phil 2010-0901 and VMC 86-550,

respectively. Phil 2010-0645 produced more stalks per sqm but shorter than the other test

varieties in both plant and ratoon crops. Some test varieties performed comparably with the two

controls.

Three test varieties in the plant cane and two in the ratoon crop did not flower. Remaining

test varieties were observed to be sparse to very sparse flowering. Canes flowered more in La

Carlota than in other test locations in both plant and ratoon crops.

Pest and disease incidences were generally low.

Phil 2010-0107 is the only variety which gave even scores with both controls in TC/Ha in

plant and ratoon crops and in LKg/Ha in the ratoon crop in all four locations. On the other hand,

Phil 2010-0149 is the only test variety which gained over Phil 8013 and got even score with

VMC 86-550 in the plant cane; obtained even scores with the two controls without incurring

losses in LKg/TC in both plant and ratoon crops. It gave even scores to VMC 86-550 in

24

tonnage, sucrose content and sugar yield in all four locations in the plant cane and also in

tonnage of the ratoon crop. The two varieties are high in tonnage, medium to high in sucrose

content and sparse to very sparse flowering. Phil 2010-0107 is resistant to smut and downy

mildew but moderate to leaf scorch and yellow spot while Phil 2010-0149 is resistant to smut,

downy mildew and leaf scorch but moderate to yellow spot


BIBLIOGRAPHY

SUGAR REGULATORY ADMINISTRATION. 2015. Variety Improvement and Pest

Management Section Annual Report .

SUGAR REGULATORY ADMINISTRATION. 2014. Variety Improvement and Pest Management Section Annual Report .

SUGAR REGULATORY ADMINISTRATION. 2013. Variety Improvement and Pest Management Section Annual Report .

25

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank the planter-cooperators:

JAIME PATRICIO L. POMAR, JR. Calatrava Sugar Alliance, Inc., Hda. Villarosa, San Carlos Mill District

LA CARLOTA MDDC-AALCPI Hda. De Fuego, Brgy RSB, La Carlota Mill District

IAN K J. DIGNADICE Brgy. Inayawan, Cauayan, Sonedco Mill District

and

ORMOC MDDC

Brgy. Curva, Ormoc City

for providing the experimental sites for this research study. Due recognition is also given our SRA colleagues,

the MDOs & their staff: for their cooperation and

invaluable assistance in this endeavor.

THANK YOU.

26

APPENDIX TABLE 1. Pertinent information relating to the experimental locations

TEST SITE LA CARLOTA SAN CARLOS SONEDCO ORMOC

LOCATION Hda. De Fuego, Brgy. RSB, La Carlota City

Calatrava Sugar Alliance, Inc.,

Hda. Villarosa, Calatrava

Brgy. Inayawan, Cauayan

Brgy. Curva, Ormoc City

PLANT CANE

DATE PLANTED Jan 25-27, 2016 Feb 9-12, 2016 Feb 1-5, 2016 Feb 15-20, 2016

DATE HARVESTED Jan 23-25, 2017 Feb 13-17, 2017 Feb 6-10, 2017 Feb 20-23, 2017

RATOON

DATE RATOONED Feb 1, 2017 Feb 20, 2017 Feb 13, 2017 Feb 27, 2017

DATE HARVESTED Dec 4-7, 2017 Jan 9-12, 2018 Jan 28- Feb 2, 2018 Dec 13-16, 2017

SOIL ANALYSIS

Soil Texture SCL C L SL

pH 5.69 7.43 8.01 5.64

O.M./N(%) 2.60 2.73 5.19 2.05

P ppm 21 8.0 31 3.0

K ppm 473 43 214 28

Ca ppm 1135 2844 2818 1,784

Mg ppm 164 510 506 183

Al ppm 58 45

Lime Req. 2.5 0 3.0 0

27

APPENDIX TABLE 2. Other information on Phil 2010 series sugarcane varieties

VARIETY PARENTAGE

% FLOWERING

DISEASE REACTION

S DM LS YS

PHIL 2010-0149 Phil 97-2339 x Phil 97-737-4435 VS 2 1 1 5

PHIL 2010-0487 Phil 2000-2569 x Phil 88-212-30-61 VS 1 1 2 7

PHIL 2010-0107 Phil 90-0345 x Phil 98-0255 VS-S 2 1 5 6

PHIL 2010-0645 Phil 2000-2569 x Phil 97-2339 NF 2 1 5 8

PHIL 2010-0077 Phil 97-737-4435 x Phil 97-0693 VS 2 1 5 8

PHIL 2010-0385 Phil 98-212-30-61 x Phil 03-96-0933 VS 2 1 5 9

PHIL 2010-0105 Phil 78-86-3981 x Phil 98-0255 VS 2 1 3 9

PHIL 2010-0733 Q102 x Phil 97-2041 NF-VS 1 1 5 9

PHIL 2010-0353 Phil 2000-2569 x VMC 90-239 VS 2 1 1 9

PHIL 2010-0901 Phil 86-120-1119 x Phil 98-0255 VS 1 1 3 9 Data Sources: Variety Improvement and Pest Management Section Annual Reports for 2013, 2014 & 2015

Legend: Flowering %

VS (Very Sparse) 1 - 20 S (Sparse) 21 - 30 MP (Moderately Profuse) 31 - 50 P (Profuse) 51 - 70 NF No flowering

observed

Disease Reaction Rating

S (Smut) 1 Very highly resistant DM (Downy Mildew) 2 Highly resistant LS (Leaf Scorch) 3 Resistant

YS (Yellow Spot) 4 Intermediate resistant 5 Intermediate average 6 Intermediate susceptible

7 Susceptible 8 Highly susceptible

9 Very highly susceptible

Documents

(NARRDS/DARMS Form No. 2) Part I. BASIC INFORMATION 1. … · 2019-08-06 · Sr. Sci. Res. Specialist, respectively, SRA-LGAREC.. 3 INTRODUCTION High yield and disease resistance