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ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

Narratives about the truth of narratives

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Narratives about the truth of narratives. OpettajanElämää. A narrative-biographical research team University of Oulu. TeacherLife. Hannu L. T. Heikkinen Rauno Huttunen Leena Syrjälä. Presented at the European Conference on Educational Research - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

Page 2: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

Page 3: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

Page 4: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

Presented at the European Conference on Educational ResearchUniversity College Dublin September 9th 2005

NETWORK 13 Philosophy of Education

Page 5: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

Page 6: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

Action research reports are narrative in nature

• the beginning, the middle and the end • plot-elements of recognition (anagnorisis),

reversal (peripeteia) and suffering (pathos) (Aristotle 1958, 1452a-1452b).

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ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

”The Truth”?

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ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

Is ”The Truth” what is really needed?

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ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

• reliability and validity

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ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

• reliability and validity => credibility, persuasiveness, verisimilitude,

compellingness, explanatory power, moral persuasiveness, interactivity, vulnerability and therapeutic value (e.g. Hatch & Wisniewski 1995, 129; Ellis & Bochner 2000, 752 - 760).

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ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

The classical truth theories…

Heikkinen, H., Kakkori, L. & Huttunen, R. 2001. This is my truth, tell me yours: Some aspects of action research quality in the light of truth theories. Educational Action Research 9 (1), 9 – 24.

Page 12: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

• The classical truth theories..?

Page 13: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

… or something else…

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ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

• Richard Winter (ECER2000 Edinburgh):– reflexive principle– dialectical principle:

Page 15: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

• Richard Winter:– reflexive principle:

• the text is a world created by the writer, who is thoroughly aware of his creative role

• a reflexive researcher consciously reflects on his or her pre-insights

Page 16: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

• Richard Winter:– dialectical principle:

• from a (modernist) monologue into polyphony of voices• the social reality being constituted through an ongoing

interaction• different interpretations and voices – even dissonant

ones• the researcher wants to respect the complexity and

stratification of reality in his/her research report

Page 17: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

Principle of reflexivity Principle of dialectics Principle of historical continuity

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ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

1. Principle of historical continuity

• Analysis of the history of action: how has the action evolved historically?

• Emplotment: how logically and coherently does the narrative proceed?

Page 19: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

2. Principle of reflexivity

• Subjective adequacy: what is the researcher’s relationship with his/her object of research like?

• Ontologic and epistemologic presumptions: what are the researcher’s presumptions of knowledge and reality?

• Transparency: how does the researcher describe his/her material and methods?

Page 20: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

3. Principle of dialectics

• Dialogue: how has the researcher’s insight developed in dialogue with others?

• Polyphony: how does the report present different voices and interpretations?

• Authenticity: how authentically the voices seem to have presented?

Page 21: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

1. Principle of historical continuity 2. Principle of reflexivity 3. Principle of dialectics

Page 22: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

… something still needed..?

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ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

… something still needed..?

”What works is only true”

- William James

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ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

4. Principle of workability

• Pragmatic quality: how well does the research succeed in creating workable practices?

• Criticalness: what kind of discussion does the research provoke?

• Ethics: how are ethical problems dealt with? • Empowerment: does the research make people

believe in their own capabilities and possibilities to act and thereby encourage new practices and actions?

Page 25: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

1. Principle of historical continuity 2. Principle of reflexivity 3. Principle of dialectics 4. Principle of workability

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ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

… something still needed..?

Aristotle:Logos, ethos and pathos

Michael Quinn Patton (2002):”artistic and evocative criteria”

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ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

5. Principle of evocativeness

• Evocativeness: how well does the research evoke mental images, memories or emotions related to the theme?

Page 28: Narratives  about the truth of narratives

ECER 2005 Dublin TeacherLife

www.oulu.fi/ktk/life ECER2005 Dublin

Teacher Life www.oulu.fi/ktk/life

1. Principle of historical continuity 2. Principle of reflexivity 3. Principle of dialectics 4. Principle of workability 5. Principle of evocativeness