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District Watershed Development Unit | Narmada

NANI KORVAI

IWMP-1DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

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District Watershed Development unit Narmada Page 2

1.1 Project Background ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11

Table no.1: Basic project information ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12

1.2 Need of Watershed Development Programme ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14

Table no. 2.1 Criteria and weightage for selection of watershed .................................................................................................................................................................... 15

Table no.3: Watershed information ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16

1.3 Other developmental projects/schemes running in the Project area ........................................................................................................................................................ 17

Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area: ........................................................................................................................................................ 17

Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programmes in the project area ............................................................................................................................................................... 17

2.1. Project Implementing Agency ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 21

2.2 About District Watershed Development Unit (DWDU), Narmada ..........................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.1 The organization and its objectives: ........................................................................................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.2 Programmes/projects of DWDU, Narmada: ......................................................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.3 SWOT Analysis of the DWDU: ...............................................................................................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

Table no. 6: PIA: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Table no. 7: Staff at PIA level: ............................................................................................................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1.1 Land use pattern: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 26

Table no. 8: Land use pattern: ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26

3.1.2 Soil and topography: .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 27

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Table no. 9: Soil type and topography: ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27

Table no. 10: Flood and drought condition: ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 29

Table no. 11: Soil Erosion ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30

Table no. 11.2: Soil Salinity/Alkalinity (Salinity ingress) .................................................................................................................................................................................. 30

Table no.12: Climatic conditions ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 30

Table no. 13: Physiography and relief ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31

3.1.3 Land and Agriculture: ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 31

Table no. 14: Land ownership details ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 31

Table no. 15: Agriculture ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 32

Table no. 16: Irrigation .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33

Table no. 17: Crop details: .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 34

3.1.4 Livestock: ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 37

Table no. 18: Livestock .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 37

Table no. 19: Drinking water ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 38

Table no. 20: Details of Common Property Resources ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 39

3.2. Socio-Economic Profile ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 40

3.2.1 Demographic Status: ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 40

Table no. 21: Demographic information ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40

Table no. 22: Literacy rate ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 41

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Migration Pattern: ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 42

Table no. 24: Poverty ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 43

Infrastructure facilities: .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 43

Table no. 25: Village infrastructure ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 44

Table no. 26: Facilities / HH assets ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 45

3.3. Livelihood pattern: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 46

Table no. 27: Per capita Income ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 46

Dependence on Common Property Resource ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 47

Table no.28: Dependence on Forest/CPR ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 47

Table no. 29: Livelihood pattern (Occupational distribution) ......................................................................................................................................................................... 48

3.4. Comparative data of the crop productivity of the area: project area vs. District vs. State vs. Country vs. World: ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ...... 50

Watershed Activities ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 58

4.1. Scientific Planning: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 58

Table no. 30: Details of Scientific Planning and Inputs in IWMP projects ................................................................................................................................................... 62

4.2. Institution building ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 64

Table no. 31.1: Watershed Committee details of sabuti ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 64

Table no. 31.2: Watershed Committee details of kundi Amba ......................................................................................................................................................................... 65

Table no. 31.3: Watershed Committee details of Barsan ................................................................................................................................................................................... 66

Table no. 31.4: Watershed Committee details of Khokhraumar ..................................................................................................................................................................... 67

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Table no. 31.5: Watershed Committee details of Bharada ................................................................................................................................................................................ 68

Table no. 31.6: Watershed Committee details of Relva ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 69

Table no. 31.7: Watershed Committee details of Moskut ........... ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ .......... 70

Table no. 31.8: Watershed Committee details of Vadapada ............................................................................................................................................................................. 71

Table no. 31.9: Watershed Committee details of Nanikorvai ........................................................................................................................................................................... 72

Table no. 31.10: Watershed Committee details of Anjanvai ............................................................................................................................................................................. 73

Table no. 32: SHG details ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 74

Table no. 32: SHG details ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 75

Figure 4.Focused Group Discussion with villagers ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 76

User Group: .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 77

Table no. 33: UG detail ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 77

4.3. Physical activities to be undertaken under IWMP 1 (Nani Korvai) ........................................................................................................................................................... 78

4.3.1 Entry Point activity (EPA) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 78

Table no.34: Entry point activities (EPA) (All financial figures in lakh Rs.) ............................................................................................................................................... 78

Table no.34.1: Convergence under Entry point activities (EPA) (All financial figures in lakh Rs.) ........... ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ .... 80

4.3.2. Watershed Development Works: .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 85

Table no.36: Activities related to Surface water resources in the project areas (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) ......... ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ 88

Table no. 36.1: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 91

Table no. 38: Activities related to livelihoods by Self Help Groups (SHGs) and user group (UGs)in the project areas ................ ............ ............ ............ ........ 94

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Table no. 38.1: Activities related to livelihoods by Self Help Groups (SHGs) and user group (UGs) in the project areas ............ ............ ............ ............ ........ 96

Table no. 38.1: Activities related to livelihoods for landless (Animal unit) ............................................................................................................................................... 99

Table no. 39: Other activities of watershed works phase Proposed target .......................................................................................................................................... 100

Table no.40: Details of engineering structures in watershed works*........................................................................................................................................................ 100

Table No. 40.1: Technical Specification of stone bund ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 101

Table No. 40.2: Technical Details of Continuous Contour Trenches (CCT) in Gopaliya village (Survey no.21) ........... ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ . 101

Table No 40.3 Quantity Calculation: CCT .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 102

Table no 40.5: Quantity Calculation of Border Contour trench .................................................................................................................................................................... 103

Table no 40.6: Technical details of percolation tank on Survey no. (Compartment no) 406 (Village Relva) .................. ............ ............ ............ ............ ......... 103

Table no 40.7: Quantity details of percolation tank on Survey no. (Compartment no) 406 (Village Relva) .................... ............ ............ ............ ............ ......... 104

Table no 40.8: Technical details of Check dam on compartment no: 405 near gamtal (village Anjanvai).................................................................................. 104

Table no 40.9: Quantity Calculation of Check dam on compartment no: 405 near gamtal (village Anjanvai) ............... ............ ............ ............ ............ ........... 105

Table no 40.10: Technical details of Check dam No. 2 on Compartment no.408 (Village:Sorapada)............................................................................................ 105

Table no 40.11: Quantity Calculation of Check dam No. 2 on Compartment no.408 (Village: Sorapada) ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ........... 106

Table no 40.12: Technical details of Village pond Compartment no: 414 (Village Ghankhetar) .................................................................................................... 106

Table no 40.13: Quantity Calculation of Village pond Compartment no: 414 (Village Ghankhetar) ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ......... 107

Table no 40.14: Technical details of Earth Bund No. 5 on Survey no. 299 ............................................................................................................................................... 107

Table no 40.15: Quantity Calculation of Earth Bund No.5 Survey no. 299 ............................................................................................................................................... 108

Stone banding:...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 108

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Table No. 40.16: Technical Details of Stone banding on survey no.67 (Village:Kokaraumar) ......................................................................................................... 108

Table No. 40.17: Quantity Excavation for Stone banding on survey no.67 (Village:Kokaraumar) ................................................................................................ 108

Table No. 40.18: Technical Details of Check wall on Survey no.55 (Village:Vadpada) ....................................................................................................................... 109

Table No. 40.19, Quantity Excavation for Check wall on Survey no.55 (Village:Vadpada) ............................................................................................................... 109

Table no.41: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works ................................................................................................................... 110

Table No. 41.1: Technical Details of Afforestation Activities ........................................................................................................................................................................ 110

Table No. 41.2: Cost Estimation for afforestation activity .............................................................................................................................................................................. 111

Table no.42: Details of allied / other activities ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 111

Production System-1: Cement pole making (Primary model for cement pole making) ..................................................................................................................... 112

Table no: 34.1, Cost of Cement pole making ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 113

Table No. 34.1.2 Total cost for 500 cement pole ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 113

Table No. 34.1.3, Revenue and return Details. .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 114

Table No. 35.3, Revenue and return Details. ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 117

Production system: 3 Vegetable (Bottle guard) Production .............................................................................................................................................................................. 118

Figure:8 Bottle guard production ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 118

Table no: 36.1, Cost of cultivation for bottle guard production ................................................................................................................................................................... 120

Table No. 36.2. Initial investment for fodder bank ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 120

Table No. 36.3, Revenue and return Details. ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 121

Production System - 4: Vermicompost unit for Nani Korvai ............................................................................................................................................................................. 121

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Table: 37.1: Model for A Vermi-compost Unit ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 124

Table No.37.2: Returns from vermicomposting ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 125

Table no.43: Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas ............................................................................................................................................................... 126

4.4. Capacity Building: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 126

Table no. 44: Capacity Building Institution: ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 127

Table no. 45: Capacity Building plan:...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 127

Table no.46: Information, education and Communication Activities: ....................................................................................................................................................... 128

Budgeting .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 130

Table no. 47: Budget at a glance ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 130

Table no. 48: Village component wise budget available under IWMP ....................................................................................................................................................... 131

Table no. 49: Village wise gap in funds requirement ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 132

Table no.50: Details of Convergence of IWMP with other Schemes ........................................................................................................................................................... 133

Table no.50.1: Details of Convergence of IWMP (Livelihood and production system) with other Schemes ................ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ . 136

6.1 Expected Outcomes..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 142

6.1.1 Employment .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 142

Table no. 52: Employment in Project area ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 142

6.1.2Migration .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 143

Table no. 53: Details of seasonal migration from Project area ..................................................................................................................................................................... 144

Table no. 54: Details of average ground water table depth in the project areas (in meters) ........................................................................................................... 145

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6.1.4 Drinking water ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 145

Table no. 55: Status of Drinking water ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 145

6.1.5 Crops ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 147

Table no. 56: Details of crop area and yield in the project area ................................................................................................................................................................... 147

6.1.6 Horticulture ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 148

Table no. 57: Area under horticulture .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 148

1.7 Vegetative cover ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 149

Table no. 58: Forest/vegetative cover ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ....... 149

6.1.8 Livestock ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 150

Table no. 59: Details of livestock in the project areas (for fluids please mention in litres, for solids please mention in kgs. and income in Rs.) ..... . 150

Table no. 60: Backward-Forward linkages ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 151

Logical Framework Analysis .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 152

7 Quality and Sustainability Issues .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 157

7.1 Plans for Monitoring and Evaluation ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 157

7.2 Plans for Project management: .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 158

7.3 Watershed Development Fund: ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 158

7.4 User Charges:................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 158

8.Maps.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................180

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CHAPTER -1

PROJECT BACKGROUND

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1.1 Project Background

Nani Korvai (IWMP-1) project is located in Dadiyapada Taluka, Narmada District of Gujarat state. The project is a cluster of ten micro-

watersheds with 5D1A6d1f, 5D1A6d1a, 5D1A6c3b, 5D1A6d1d, 5D1A6d1b,D1A6b3b being their respective codes. The total project area of the

watershed is about 4730.9 Ha, of which 4730.9 Ha has been undertaken to be treated under Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP)

starting year 2009-10.

The nearest town is Dediyapada which is about 12 Km from Nani Korvai project and is well connected by pucca road. The watershed includes

fifteen village of Nani Korvai,Gankhatr,Sabuti,Kanjai,Relva,Barsan,Moskut,Vadpada,Barada,Gopaliya,Khupar barsan,Kundhai Amba,Sorapada,Khokra

Umar. Vasava,Tadvi,Padvi And STcommunities are the primary inhabitants of the village. The livelihood of these people is primarily based on rainfed

agriculture, animal husbandry, wage labour, goat and poultry rearing. Mostly houses made by soil and bamboo.

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Table no.1: Basic project information

Sl

No.

Name of

the

project

Villages Gram

Panchayats

Taluka District Area of

the

project

Area

proposed

to be

treated

Total

project

cost(Rs.

in lakh)

PIA

Name Census code

1

NaniKorvai

Nani korvai01532800 Kundiamba Dediyapada Narmada

4730.9

50.70 ha 608400

ForestDepartmentr,Narmada

2Gankhater

01527500 Khokhraumar Dediyapada Narmada 549.60 ha 6595200

3Sabuti

01536100 Sabuti Dediyapada Narmada 376.00 ha 4512000

4Kanjai

01534800 Sabuti Dediyapada Narmada 312.85 ha 3754200

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5Ralva

01535900 Sabuti Dediyapada Narmada 158.80 1905600

6Barsan

01536800 Bharada Dediyapada Narmada 61.10 733200

7Moskut

01536200 Vadapada Dediyapada Narmada 284.60 3415200

8Vadpada

01536500 Vadapada Dediyapada Narmada 247.40 2968800

9Barada

01534600 Bharada Dediyapada Narmada 394.30 4731600

10Gopaliya

01536600 Gopaliya Dediyapada Narmada 155.70 1868400

11

Khupar

barsan 01537100 Gopaliya Dediyapada Narmada 142.60 1711200

12kundi amba

01532600kundi amba

Dediyapada Narmada 603.80 7245600

13Sorapada

01529100 Khakhar Pada Dediyapada Narmada 430.60 5167200

14Kokaraumar

01525900Kokaraumar


15Anjavi

01533000kundi amba


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1.2 Need of Watershed Development Programme

Watershed Development Programme is prioritised on the basis of thirteen parameters namely Poverty Index, Percentage of SC/ST, Actual

wages, Percentage of small and marginal farmers, Ground water status, Moisture Index, Area under rainfed agriculture, Drinking water situation in the

area, Percentage of the degraded land, Productivity potential of the land, Continuity of another watershed that has already developed/treated, Cluster

approach for plain or for hilly terrain. Based on these thirteen parameters a composite ranking was given to Nani Korvai Watershed project as given in

table no. 2.

The total number of families under BPL is 1633 (69%), which is less than 80 per cent of the total households of the village. Hence a score of 7.5

is allotted. The percentage of schedule castes in the village is about 99.5 per cent to the total population; hence a score of 10 was allotted. More than

60 per cent of the farmers are small and marginal by nature and the actual wages earned by the labour is less than the minimum wages hence a

composite rank of 5, 3 and 5 are allotted respectively.

The soil type is black cotton and production of the land can be significantly enriched with the availability of timely irrigation. Cluster approach

was followed taking into consideration four micro-watersheds covering a total area of 4730.9 Ha. All the parameters taken together give a cumulative

score of 113 to the watershed (reference Table 2.1 below).

Table no. 2: Weightage of the project

Projectname

Projecttype

Weightage

IWMP 1 otheri ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x xi xii Xiii

7.5 10 5 10 3 10 15 7.5 10 10 15 15 NA

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Table no. 2.1 Criteria and weightage for selection of watershed

S.No.

CriteriaMaximum

scoreRanges & scores

i Poverty index (% of poor topopulation)

10 Above 80 % (10) 80 to 50 % (7.5) 50 to 20 % (5) Below 20% (2.5)

ii % of SC/ ST population 10 More than 40 % (10) 20 to 40 % (5) Less than 20 % (3)

iii Actual wages 5 Actual wages aresignificantly lower thanminimum wages (5)

Actual wages are equalto or higher thanminimum wages (0)

iv % of small and marginalfarmers

10 More than 80 % (10) 50 to 80 % (5) Less than 50 % (3)

v Ground water status 5 Over exploited (5) Critical (3) Sub critical (2) Safe (0)

vi Moisture index/DPAP/ DDP Block

15 -66.7 & below (15)DDP Block

-33.3 to -66.6 (10)DPAP Block

0 to -33.2 (0)Non DPAP/ DDP Block

vii Area under rain-fedagriculture

15 More than 90 % (15) 80 to 90 % (10) 70 to 80% (5) Above 70% (Reject)

viii Drinking water 10 No source (10) Problematic village(7.5) Partially covered (5) Fullycovered(0)

ix Degraded land 15 High above 20 % (15) Medium 10 to 20 %(10)

Low- less than 10 % ofTGA (5)

x Productivity potential ofthe land

15 Lands with lowproduction & whereproductivity can besignificantly enhancedwith reasonable efforts(15)

Lands with moderateproduction & whereproductivity can beenhanced withreasonable efforts (10)

Lands with highproduction & whereproductivity can bemarginally enhancedwith reasonableefforts (5)

xi Contiguity to anotherwatershed that has alreadybeen developed/ treated

10 Contiguous to previouslytreated watershed &contiguity within themicrowatersheds in theproject (10)

Contiguity within themicrowatersheds in theproject but noncontiguous topreviously treatedwatershed (5)

Neither contiguous topreviously treatedwatershed norcontiguity within themicrowatersheds inthe project (0)

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xii Cluster approach in theplains (more than onecontiguous micro-watersheds in the project)

15 Above 6 micro-watershedsin cluster (15)

4 to 6 microwatershedsin cluster (10)

2 to 4microwatersheds incluster (5)

xiii Cluster approach in thehills (more than onecontiguous micro-watersheds in the project)

15 Above 5 micro-watershedsin cluster (15)

3 to 5 microwatershedsin cluster (10)

2 to 3microwatersheds incluster (5)

Total 150 150 90 41 2.5

Table no.3: Watershed information

Name of the project No. of watersheds to be treated Watershed code Watershed regime/type/order

IWMP 1 Nani Korvai 106A1B7a2b, 6A1B7a2a,6A1B7a2c, 6A1B7a1a

Mini Watershed

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1.3 Other developmental projects/schemes running in the Project area

This Nani Korvai project has been on top priority of a number of developmental projects. These programmes are Mahatma Gandhi National Rural

Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS),Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC), Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY), Indira Awas Yojana

(IAY) and Sardar Awas Yojana (SAY).

Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area:

Sno

Name of theprogramme/scheme

Sponsoringagency

Objectives of theprogramme/scheme

Year of commencementVillagescovered

Estimatednumber of

beneficiaries

1 MGNREGS

Rural

DevelopmentDept.

Employment 2009 111255

Household

2 IAYRural

DevelopmentDept.

Housing 2004-05 13 223

3 TSC Central Govt. Toylet 2006-07 12 1186

Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programmes in the project area

In project area IWMP is the first watershed programme.

S.No

Projectname

Yearstarted

Name ofvillages

No. Ofmicro

Watershedcodes

Areaunder

Funding

Nodalagency

PIA Total costExpenditure incurred

% financialcompletion

% physicalcompletion

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watershed treatment source up to startof IWMP

1 - -

Nanikorvai - - - - - - - - - -

2 - -

Gankhater - - - - - - - - - -

3 - -Sabuti

- - - - - - - - - -

4 - -Kanjai

- - - - - - - - - -

5 - -Ralva

- - - - - - - - - -

6 - -Barsan

- - - - - - - - - -

7 - -Moskut

- - - - - - - - - -

8 - -Vadpad

a - - - - - - - - - -

9 - -Barada

- - - - - - - - - -

10 - -

Gopaliya - - - - - - - - - -

11 - -

Khuparbarsan - - - - - - - - - -

12 - -

kundiamba - - - - - - - - - -

13 - -

Sorapada - - - - - - - - - -

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14 - -

Kokaraumar - - - - - - - - - -

15 - -Anjavi

- - - - - - - - - -

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2.1. Project Implementing Agency

The Project Implementing Agencies (PIA) is selected by an appropriate mechanism by Gujarat State Watershed Management Agency (GSWMA), the

State Level Nodal Agency (SLNA) for Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) in Gujarat. The PIAs are responsible for implementation

of watershed project. These PIAs may include relevant line departments, autonomous organizations under State/ Central Governments,

Government Institutes/ Research bodies, Intermediate Panchayats, Voluntary Organizations (VOs).The PIA for Nani Korvai watershed Project is

Line Department Rajpipla (Narmada).

2.2 About Project Implementing Agency, Rajpipla (Narmada)

2.2.1 The organization and its objectives:

PIA of the Nani Korvai project is Rajpipla East Forestry Division. The Deputy Conservator of Forest (DCF) is the head of division. PIA has dedicatedand experienced staff comprising one Range Forest Officer (Nodal officer) and a watershed development team of civil engineer, agriculture

expert and community mobiliser, Data Entry Operator, surveyor, and accountant. The objective of the PIA is supervising, planning, implementing,documenting and promoting watershed development projects and related developmental activities at project level as per guidelines. This alsosubmits the documents at the district level. The DWDU, Narmada is not working as a PIA for any IWMP projects.

2.2 SWOT Analysis of the PIA:

Strength:

(1) Dedicated and experienced staff and a multidisciplinary team

(2) Independent District Level Nodal Agency.

(3) Strong linkages with national and state level institutions, agricultural universities, South Gujarat University and NGOs for capacity building and

technical guidance

(4) Scientific planning in watershed projects with the help of BISAG, Gandhinagar,

(5) District level monitoring, coordination & Co-operation Committee

Weakness:

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(1) Lack of permanent staff.

(2) Total project area is Tribal

Opportunities:

(1) A number of different other development schemes of the government are running; so, there can be horizontal integration and convergence of

programmes

(2) Better financial provision under IWMP(3) Usage of new ICT tools like GIS, GPS

Threats:

(1) Rainfall being very scarce and unreliable in the project area, the activities planned to be taken up may yield limited impact

(2) Irregularities in fund flow can derail the smooth functioning

(3) Lack of contribution and cooperation from local people

(4) Low literacy rate in the project are

Table no. 6: PIA:

Sl. No. Names of project Details of PIA

1IWMP-1

Nani-Korvai Project

(i) Type of organization PIA (Project Implementing Agency)

(ii) Name of organization East forest division Rajpipla

(iii) Designation & Address DFO East division Vadiya palace(iv) Telephone 224647(v) Fax 220896(vi) E-mail [email protected]

Table no. 7: Staff at PIA level:

S.no

Name Age Sex Designation Qualification Experience Job assignedMonthly

remuneration(Rs)
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]

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1. Dr.Shashi Kumar 31 M DFO PhD (Horticulture) 2 Monitoring 50000.00

2. Vasava.S 50 M RFO Bsc (Agriculture) 25 Project officer 43000.00

3.Jaydeep 25 M WDT(Agriculture) BRS(Agri) 4 Years Agriculture

Development8000.00

4.Gamit Apeksha 24 F WDT(Community

Mob.)BA 3 Years Community

Mobilization8000.00

5.Komal 25 F WDT (Data Entry

Operator)PGDCA 2 Years Data Entry 5000.00

6. Rajvadi Paresh 32 M WDT.Eng Diploma Civil 4 Years Technical 800007. Piyush Suthar 29 M Messenger MA (English) 4Years 30008. Nilesh 30 M Surveyor ITI(Surveyor) 10Years Survey 6000

CHAPTER 3

BASIC INFORMATION OF THE PROJECT AREA

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Figure: 1 Base line survey

3.1. Geography and Geo-hydrology

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3.1.1 Land use pattern:

The net geographical area of Nani Korvai watershed is about 4730.9 ha out of which 55% is forest area. About 31.8% of land is under

agriculture which is rain-fed and irrigated; mainly Rabi and kharibcrops are taken. About 15.64% of the total land is classified under wasteland of

which 44 percent is cultivable and rest is uncultivable. The watershed consists of bamboo which is a main livelihood source in project area.

Table no. 8: Land use pattern:

S. No.Names ofvillages

Geographical Areaof the village (ha)

Forest Area(ha)

Land underagricultural use

(ha)

Rain-fedarea (ha)

Permanentpastures (ha)

Wasteland

Cultivable(ha)

Non-cultivable(ha)

1Nani korvai

50.70 404.6 0.00 0.00 15 - -

2Gankhater

549.60 447.0 133.30 133.30 0 33.3 -

3Sabuti

376.00 - 304.00 304.00 0 35.5 36.4

4 Kanjai 312.85 285.85 - - 0 - -

5Ralva

158.80 - 129.40 129.40 0 3.1 26.4

6 Barsan 61.10 - - 40.70 0 - 20.4

7Moskut

284.60 84.4 84.40 166.80 0 28.0 5.4

8Vadpada

247.40 32.2 32.20 174.20 0 6.4 34.7

9Bharada(Ralva) 394.30 - 330.40 38.10 0 - 154.3

10Gopaliya

155.70 8.1 8.10 103.60 0 44.1 -

11Khuparbarsan 142.60 - 0.00 84.96 0 57.7 -

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12kundi amba

603.80 - 0.00 416.90 0 49.5 137.4

13Sorapada

430.60 253.1 - 0 8.1 5.1

14 Kokaraumar 398.05 269.5 - 0 62.9 -

15Anjanvai

564.80 462.9 462.90 60.30 0

3.1.2 Soil and topography:

Nani Korvai watershed project (NWP) falls under South Gujarat Agro Climatic Zone. The soil is mainly deep black and clay. The soil is brown to black

in surface colour. The depth of soil is moderate to deep about 25 to 75 cm.The annual rainfall is 1000 mm. The predominant texture of soil is loamy

and clay. The soil fertility is average with low contain of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash. The topography of the area is moderate ranging from 0-

15% slope.

Table no. 9: Soil type and topography:

S. No.Name of the Agro-climatic zone

covers project areaArea in ha

Names of thevillages

Major soil typesTopography

a)Type b) Area in ha

1

Southern Hills

50.70Nani korvai

Black Cotton soil 50.70Flat to moderate

slope

2 549.60Gankhater

Black Cotton soil

549.60

3 376.00Sabuti

Black Cotton soil

376.00

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4 312.85Kanjai

Black Cotton soil

312.85

5 158.80Ralva

Black Cotton soil

158.80

6 61.10Barsan

Black Cotton soil

61.10

7 284.60Moskut

Black Cotton soil

284.60

8 247.40Vadpada

Black Cotton soil

247.40

9 394.36Bharada (Ralva)

Black Cotton soil

394.36

10 155.70Gopaliya

Black Cotton soil

155.70

11 142.60Khupar barsan

Black Cotton soil

142.60

12 603.80kundi amba

Black Cotton soil

603.80

13 430.60Sorapada

Black Cotton soil

430.60

14 398.05 KokaraumarBlack Cotton soil

398.05

15 564.80Anjanvai

Black Cotton soil

564.80

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Table no. 10: Flood and drought condition:

S.No Village Flood (Incidence) Drought (Incidence)

1Nani korvai

Nil Once in 5 Years

2Gankhater

NilOnce in 5 Years

3Sabuti

NilOnce in 5 Years

4Kanjai

NilOnce in 5 Years

5Ralva

NilOnce in 5 Years

6Barsan

NilOnce in 5 Years

7Moskut

NilOnce in 5 Years

8Vadpada

NilOnce in 5 Years

9Bharada (Ralva)

NilOnce in 5 Years

10Gopaliya

NilOnce in 5 Years

11Khupar barsan

NilOnce in 5 Years

12kundi amba

NilOnce in 5 Years

13Sorapada

NilOnce in 5 Years

14 Kokaraumar Nil Once in 5 Years

15Anjanvai

NilOnce in 5 Years

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Table no. 11: Soil Erosion

Cause Type of erosion Area affected (ha)Run off

(mm/ year)Average soil loss (Tonnes/

ha/ year)

Water erosiona Sheet 2134 350 -b Rill 948 460 30%

c Gully 500 320 22%

Sub-Total 3582Wind erosion 1950 NA 22%

Total

Table no. 11.2: Soil Salinity/Alkalinity (Salinity ingress)

Name of the project Survey Number Soil pHType of Salinity

(Inherent/Ingress)Nani Korvai 7.8 Inherent

Table no.12: Climatic conditions

Sl. No. Year Rainfall (in mm)Temperature (C) Highest intensity of Rainfall (mm

in a day)Max. Min.

1 2004 1130.25 42 27 2002 2005 1178.00 42.5 27 190

3 2006 1604.00 43 28 2104 2007 1389.50 44 27.5 200

5 2008 1146.25 43 28 1806 2009 822.25 44 27 210

The average rainfall of this area is about 1100 mm (from past five year data) with a highest intensity of 200 mm within span of a day. This

uneven distribution is leading to runoff of soil every year.

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Table no. 13: Physiography and relief

Project name Elevation(MSL) Slope range (%) Major streamsNani Korvai(IWMP1) 171.42 meters 0-20 % Karjan,Narmada

3.1.3 Land and Agriculture:

The average land holding is about 0.4 ha ranging from 0.171 to 0.629 ha. Lack of irrigation source forces the majority of the farmers to migrate

to ensure their livelihood. This affects directly the demographic profile of the village. The major crops cultivated by the farmers are Rice (paddy),

Groundnut, Cotton, Pigonpea and Wheat. Farmers take crops according to mansoon. The land conservation measures such as Check dams and farm

bunds in the area will help them to increase cropping intensity of project area.

Table no. 14: Land ownership details

S No VillageTotal owned land (in ha)

Gen OBC SC ST1

Nani korvai0 0 0

2Gankhater

0 0 0 82.4

3Sabuti

0 0 0 168.408

4Kanjai

0 0 0 46.8

5Ralva

0 0 0 93

6Barsan

0 0 0 42.2

7Moskut

0 0 0 122.72

8Vadpada

0 0 0 132.4

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9Bharada (Ralva)

0 0 0 182.4

10Gopaliya

0 0 0 160.12

11Khupar barsan

0 0 0 79.8

12kundi amba

0 0 0 205.6

13Sorapada

0 0 0 181.4

14Kokaraumar

0 0 0 45.8

15Anjanvai

58.3

Table no. 15: Agriculture

S.No Village Net sown area(ha)

Nani korvaiOne time Two times Three times

Gankhater76.4 56.2 35.5

Sabuti192 65.2 56.2

Kanjai51.2 45.6 29.5

Ralva60.6 52.2 43.6

Barsan 31.4 28.2 21.5

Moskut87.52 43.76 21.88

Vadpada110 57.2 45.6

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Bharada (Ralva)144.16 126.5 116.2

Gopaliya53.1 48 32

Khupar barsan72 59 39

kundi amba150.4 145.2 130.5

Sorapada59.2 35.2

Kokaraumar20.4 16.2

Anjanvai51.45 46 28

Table no. 16: Irrigation

SNo

VillageSource 1 : Canal Source 2 : Check dam / Pond Source 3 : Well

Availabilitymonths

Net areaGrossarea

Availabilitymonths

Net areaGrossarea

Availabilitymonths

Net areaGrossarea

1Nani korvai

0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Months 20 hec 40 hec

2Gankhater

0 0 0 0 0 0 7 Months 120 hec 120 ha

3Sabuti

0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Months 40 hec 50 hec

4 Kanjai 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Months 60 ha 60 hec

5Ralva

0 0 0 0 0 0 5 Months 45 ha 60 hec

6Barsan

0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Months 24 hec 40 hec

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7Moskut

0 0 0 0 0 0 7 Months 80 ha 80 hec

8Vadpada

0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Months 95 ha 120 hec

9Bharada (Ralva)

0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Months 40 ha 60 hec

10Gopaliya

0 0 0 0 0 0 7 Months 20 ha 20 hec

11Khupar barsan

0 0 0 0 0 0 5 Months 64 ha 70 hec

12kundi amba

0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Months 65 ha 70 hec

13Sorapada

0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Months 20 ha 25 hec

14Kokaraumar

0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Months 65 ha 65 hec

15Anjavi

0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Months 88 ha 90 hec

Table no. 17: Crop details:

S.No Village Kharif (Monsoon)Cotton Rice

Area(ha)

Production (000kg)Productivity

(kg/ha)Area(ha)

Production (000kg) Productivity (kg/ha)

1Nani korvai

2Gankhater

41.2 156 210 35.5 129 199

3Sabuti

307 153.34 686 253 145.2 525

4Kanjai

48 166 225 55 175 256

5 Ralva 52 179 245 42 155 206

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6Barsan

26 123 145 28 131 142

7Moskut

42.5 159 205 36.2 121 205

8Vadpada

79.6 156 265 47.2 165 199

9Bharada (Ralva)

75.6 146 256 54.96 171 215

10Gopaliya

51 158 259 49 159 243

11Khupar barsan

65 185 249 56 175 232

12kundi amba

425 223.15 746 335 190.5 623

13Sorapada

56 146 235 46 155 194

14Kokaraumar

25 126 135 18 105 129

15Anjanvai

23.58 132 159 39 145 215

Sl no Village Rabi (Winter)Paddy

Juvar

Area (ha)Production

(000kg)Productivity

(kg/ha)Area (ha) Production (kg)

Productivity(kg/ha)

1Nani korvai

46.3 135 202 35 125 216

2Gankhater

32.2 126 156 28.5 126 145

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3Sabuti

103 46 305 41.3 270 105

4Kanjai

42 156 215 48 145 208

5Ralva

56 189 256 46 159 216

6Barsan

24 121 139 32 145 216

7Moskut

21.88 115 126 15.5 94.5 115

8Vadpada

34 135 146 29 125 148

9Bharada (Ralva)

43 145 203 41 265 115

10Gopaliya

42 155 239 39 145 215

11Khupar barsan

52 181 246 41 146 203

12 kundi amba 125 75 226 89.5 216 123

13Sorapada

49 159 245 35 132 205

14Kokaraumar

23 126 235 20 121 223

15Anjanvai

26 131 245 46 158 230

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3.1.4 Livestock:

The Nani Korvai project area has 738 cows, 574 buffaloes, 1512 bullocks, 343 goats and 0 sheep. Majority ofVasava,Tadvicommunity depends on

Buffalo and cow rearing for their livelihood. Cows and buffaloes are of local breed. Lack of rain and surface water has reduced the fodder and pasture

availability for their animals..

Table no. 18: Livestock

Sl

no Village Buffalo(Lit/annum) Cow(Lit/annum)

Total Milk

(Buffalo+Cow) Goat Sheep Bullock Hen OthersNo milk No Milk (Lit/annum) No Milk Camel

1Nani korvai

45 500 34 20 0 50 10

2Gankhater

18 50 63 60 110 31 0 139 64

3Sabuti

71 488 77 320 808 25 0 171 102

4Kanjai

20 147 34 185 332 7 73 29

5 Ralva 57 281 26 249 530 32 0 75 56

6Barsan

4 12 18 26 38 10 0 20 15

7Moskut

17 45 30 56 101 35 0 126 25

8Vadpada

31 155 45 195 350 31 0 153 27

9Bharada(Ralva) 46 225 68 530 755 1 0 120 46

10Gopaliya

61 412 50 323 735 12 0 137 30

11Khuparbarsan 34 157 29 155 312 12 0 82 36

12 kundi amba 70 272 104 260 532 21 0 133 90

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12kundi amba

12 Well,Handpump 12 Good

13Sorapada


14Kokaraumar


15

Anjanvai


Table no. 20: Details of Common Property Resources

S.No.

Names ofproject

CPRParticulars

Total Area (ha)Area owned/ In possession of

Area available for treatment (ha)

Pvt. personsGovt.

(Specifydept.)

PRIAny other

(Pl. Specify)Pvt.

persons

Govt.(Specify

dept.)PRI

Any other(Pl. Specify)

NaniKorvai

Wasteland/ degraded land 3540 1540

Pastures 95Orchards 0Village WoodlotForest 2100Village Ponds/ Tanks 12Community Buildings 24Weekly MarketsPermanent marketsTemples/ Places of worship 16Others (Pl. specify)

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3.2. Socio-Economic Profile

3.2.1 Demographic Status:

Nani Korvai watershed project has a total of 2337 households with a population of 10111 ( as per base-line survey) out of which 5080 are male

and 5031 female. Nani Korvai project has more than 98% ST population. The sex ratio is 988 female to 1000 male. There are 1633 BPL families. The

average family size is 6. The literacy rate is very low i.e.55 per cent; male literacy rate is 68 per cent (of total male population) and female literacy rate

is as low as 40 per cent (of total female population). Ten people are graduate in project area. The major castes in the project area are vasava and talvi

(ST). Majority of population is involved in agriculture and animal husbandry.

Table no. 21: Demographic information

S no Village Population Population SC STTotal Male Female Total Male Female % Total Male Female

1Nani korvai 662

343 319 0 0 0 0 662 343 319

2 Gankhater 629 318 311 4 2 2 98.6 617 317 311

3Sabuti

888 449 439 98.9 878 449 437

4Kanjai

245 119 126 100 245 119 126

5Ralva

928 487 441 98.2 911 487 439

6Barsan

107 46 61 100 107 46 61

7Moskut

497 235 262 98.2 488 235 260

8Vadpada

767 406 361 3 1 2 97.5 748 406 358

9Bharada(Ralva) 626 283 250 100 626 283 250

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10Gopaliya

817 407 410 1 1 0 99.3 811 406 410

11Khupar barsan

658 306 352 99.7 656 305 352

12kundi amba

1496 780 716 98.1 1468 780 714

13Sorapada

630 314 316 100 630 314 316

14 Kokaraumar 1467 763 704 98 1437 763 702

15Anjanvai

356 167 189 98.6 351 167 187

Table no. 22: Literacy rate

Sl no VillageLiteracy

Total % Male % Female %

1

Nani korvai

390 59 235 60.25 155 39.24

2Gankhater

324 62.3 210 81.3 114 43.5

3Sabuti

424 58.8 269 73.5 155 43.7

4Kanjai

89 47.3 82 57.1 37 38.1

5Relva

637 79.2 357 87.1 280 71.1

6Barsan

38 42.7 21 55.3 17 33.3

7Moskut

228 55.7 145 76.3 83 37.9

8Vadpada

332 54.7 229 69.2 103 37.3

9 Bharada (Ralva) 310 68.7 191 80.9 119 55.3

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10Gopaliya

217 33.2 153 47.4 64 19.4

11Khupar barsan

272 51.5 164 67.5 108 37.9

12kundi amba

760 59.5 475 72.1 285 46.1

13

Sorapada

318 62.2 188 70.4 130 53.3

14Kokaraumar

651 52.5 427 65.8 224 38.0

15Anjanvai

125 43.1 83 63.4 42 26.4

Migration Pattern:

People migrate during summer season to different parts of the state like Surat, Baroda, and Ahamdabad as daily wagers, agricultural labours and

construction workers.Table no. 23: Migration details

Sl no VillageTotal

population

Migration Migration by monthsMain reasonfor migration

Incomeduring

migration /month

Total Male FemaleUp to 3months

3-6 monthsMore than 6

months

1Nani korvai

661 27 17 10 7 6 13Rs

3000/month

2Gankhater

665 11 6 5 1 5 5Rs

3000/month

3Sabuti

1007 82 45 37 16 45 25Rs

3000/month

4Kanjai

295 29 16 13 11 9 9Rs

2000/month

5Ralva

589 22 14 8 10 4 8Rs

3000/month

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6Barsan

199 14 10 4 7 7 0Rs

4000/month

7Moskut

629 14 9 5 2 6 6Rs

4500/month

8Vadpada

872 10 7 3 4 3 3Rs

5500/month

9Bharada (Ralva)

1115 43 27 16 15 19 9Rs

5000/month

10 Gopaliya 961 15 9 6 10 3 2 Rs5000/month

11Khupar barsan

744 32 18 14 15 6 11Rs

5700/month

12kundi amba

1097 45 25 20 20 15 10Rs

6000/month

13Sorapada

863 70 40 30 25 35 10Rs

3500/month

14Kokaraumar

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

15 Anjanvai 481 35 25 10 16 12 7 Rs3000/month

Table no. 24: Poverty

S noProjectName

Total BPLHousehold

BPL% of BPL HH Total Land less HH % of land less HH

0-16 16-20 Total1 Nani Korvai 1633 300 1333 1633 69 520 21

Infrastructure facilities:

Nani Korvai watershed is well connected with Dediyapada Taluka with pucca roads. The mostly villages have electricity connectivity. Nearly 82 per

cent of households in the village have their personal electric meters. All villages have a primary school with all facilities like computers. For middle

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and higher secondary education, the students have to go to Dediyapada Taluka which is about 10 kilometres away. This also contributes to lower

education level of the people.

Table no. 25: Village infrastructure

Sno

Village Puccaroadto the

village(Y/N)

Schools Colleges(Number)

Post Office(Distance)

Banks(Number)

Distancefromnearest

marketyard(km)

Milkcollectioncentre

(Number)

Milkcooperative(Number)

Othercooperatives/ CBIs

(Number)

Any otherinstitution

LP UP HS

1Nani korvai

Y Y N N N N N13

N N N Aaganvadi

2Gankhater Y Y N

YN

5N N N Aaganvadi

3Sabuti Y Y N

YN

25N N N Aaganvadi

4Kanjai Y Y N

NN

25N N N Aaganvadi

5 Ralva Y Y N N N 23 N N N Aaganvadi

6Barsan Y Y N

NN

24N N N Aaganvadi

7Moskut Y Y N

YN

30N N N Aaganvadi

8Vadpada Y Y N

NN

30N N N Aaganvadi

9Bharada(Ralva)

Y Y NN

N22

N N N Aaganvadi

10Gopaliya Y Y N

NN

28N N N Aaganvadi

11Khuparbarsan

Y Y NN

N27

N N N Aaganvadi

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12kundi amba Y Y N

NN

12N N N Aaganvadi

13Sorapada Y Y N

NN

6N N N Aaganvadi

14Kokaraumar Y Y N

YN

3N N N Aaganvadi

15Anjanvai

NY N

NN

17N N N Aaganvadi

Table no. 26: Facilities / HH assets

Slno

VillageHHs withelectricity

HHs withsafety

latrines

HHs with phones HHs with vehicleHHs with

TV set

HHs withcooking

gas

HHs withDrinking

water

HHswith

fridgeLand line Mobile 2-wheeler 4-wheeler

1Nani korvai

7240

2 8 N N

2Gankhater

100 60 3 5 1 0 3N

Y 1

3Sabuti

200 100 2 35 9 3 19N

Y 4

4Kanjai

44 50 1 5 2 0 0N

Y 0

5Ralva

98 17 2 8 6 0 7N

Y 1

6Barsan

29 20 3 15 1 0 5N

Y 1

7Moskut

106 100 6 5 3 0 5N

Y 1

8Vadpada

136 50 5 10N

Y

9Bharada

196 72 2 15 7 0 11N

Y 1

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10Gopaliya

192 72 3 10 0 00 4N

Y 0

11Khupar barsan

137 81 4 10 8 2 6N

Y 0

12kundi amba

282 152 5 10 8 0 8N

Y 3

13Sorapada

132 52 2 20N

Y

14 Kokaraumar 186 56 3 30 N N

15Anjanvai

82 59 2 10 6 00 3N

Y 2

3.3. Livelihood pattern:

The villagers earn their livelihood from animal husbandry and agriculture and during lean seasons they migrate for daily wage labourers in

Rajpipla, Baroda, and Baruch and as agriculture labour in other parts of the state. Another major occupation of the people is Basket making and leaf

plates making using the raw material which they collect from the community land or forest.

Table no. 27: Per capita Income

S No Village Agriculture (in Rs.) Animal husbandry(in Rs.)

Casual labour(In Rs.)

Others (in Rs.) Total (in Rs.)

1 Nani korvai 6530 3218 4250 1008 15006

2 Gankhater 8310 5438 6478 578 20804

3 Sabuti 9140 6320 7130 1290 23880

4Kanjai

6350 5010 6548 234 18142

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5 Ralva 7240 5040 6389 689 19358

6 Barsan 6210 4589 5487 346 16632

7 Moskut 8442 6130 7349 210 22131

8 Vadpada 7242 6230 6578 567 20617

9 Bharada (Ralva) 8234 6231 7140 469 22074

10 Gopaliya 7467 4937 5690 245 18339

11 Khupar barsan 6367 4265 5432 857 16921

12 kundi amba 9110 7130 8200 468 24908

13 Sorapada 7470 5134 6138 348 19090

14 Kokaraumar 7898 6468 6800 678 21884

15 Anjanvai 6478 5118 5548 345 17489

Dependence on Common Property Resource

Nani Korvai watershed has more forest area. So people use bamboo for basket making and most of villagers collect gum from forest area. Project area

has sufficient grazing land and community land.

Table no.28: Dependence on Forest/CPR

Sl no VillageBidi making Mahua making

Total income (Rs)% sells Income (Rs) % sells Income

1 Nani korvai 95 30000 90 10000 40000

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2Gankhater

98 15000 95 5000 20000

3Sabuti

97 40000 93 20000 60000

4Kanjai

98 30000 97 10000 40000

5

Ralva

96 2000 94 8000 10000

6Barsan

99 25000 98 5000 30000

7Moskut

98 3000 96 2000 5000

8Vadpada

97 4000 93 2000 6000

9Bharada(Ralva) 99 3000 92 3000 6000

10 Gopaliya 98 6000 97 3000 9000

11Khupar barsan

97 5500 98 3500 9000

12kundi amba

94 45000 97 20000 65000

13Sorapada

98 40000 94 15000 55000

14Kokaraumar

96 30000 97 15000 45000

15Anjanvai

98 30000 98 10000 40000

Table no. 29: Livelihood pattern (Occupational distribution)

Sl Village Total Agriculture Animal Agriculture + Casual Services Handicraft

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no workforce husbandry(AH)

AH labour

1Nani korvai

300 150 80 50 20 2 0

2Gankhater

150 80 30 70 20 1

3Sabuti

600 300 120 100 80 5 0

4 Kanjai 100 60 20 10 10 0 0

5Ralva

400 200 100 50 50 1 0

6Barsan

50 20 15 40 30 0 0

7Moskut

210 120 50 60 30 1 0

8Vadpada

350 250 100 80 40 2 0

9 Bharada (Ralva) 300 150 100 50 100 1 1

10Gopaliya

400 250 120 50 80 2 2

11Khupar barsan

350 300 100 60 70 2 3

12kundi amba

700 500 200 150 200 4 4

13Sorapada

300 250 100 150 120 0 0

14Kokaraumar

740 400 200 300 150 2 0

15Anjanvai

200 150 100 120 100 0 1

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3.4. Comparative data of the crop productivity of the area: project area vs. District vs. State vs. Country vs. World:

The term productivity in general means the total output per unit of factor input. For example land productivity means output per hectare of

land. Productivity is an average and is calculated by dividing the total output of a particular crop by the total cultivated area under thatcrop.

Data are made available by the Baseline survey (for Nani Korvai village), Handbook of Agriculture, ICAR publication 2006(For Gujarat and

India), and Dept. of Agriculture (for Narmada). The results indicate that Nani Korvai project has low productivity compared to world, India, Gujarat

and Narmada. The productivity is low not only because that the land is unproductive or the farmers lack the skills to manage their crop but also due

lack to of source of irrigation and scarcity of rain.

Farmers mainly grow cotton, wheat, Rice, Rice. So farmers grow crop according to the rainfall. In case of low rainfall they go for sorghum,

castor, and pearl millet.

The world productivity of cotton is 526 kg/ha. In India productivity of 764 kg/ha. Gujarat productivity of about 633 kg/ha. Narmada district has very

good productivity700 kg /ha. The Nani Korvai project area has only 500 kg/ha productivity. It is low compare to district, State, India and world.

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The world and India productivity of Wheat are 2717 kg,2700 kg per hectare respectively.Gujarat is a major Wheat producing state in India

with the productivity of 2423kg/ha.Wheat productivity of Narmada is 2067 kg/ha and Nani Korvai village has very poor productivity with 620 Kg/ha.

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The world and India productivity of Groundnut are 1554 kg,1150 kg per hectare respectively.Gujarat is a major Groundnut producing state in

India with the productivity of 1367kg/ha.Groundnut productivity of Narmada is 1343 kg/ha and Nani Korvai project has very poor productivity with

700 Kg/ha.

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The Nani Korvai project areahas low productivity because of the following reasons:

i) Full dependence on monsoon:Nani Korvai Project is dependent on monsoon. Water is essential input in agriculture. Due to the absence of proper irrigation facility,80% of

the total cultivated area depends on the uncertain monsoon. Therefore, the suceess or failure of the monsoon determines the success or failure

of agriculture production.The rainfall is unreliable due to two factors: untimely and inadequate.

ii) Low use of fertilizer per unit cropped area:

d ff f l d l k f f f l k d ff f f l

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Farmers do not use sufficient fertilizer due to lack of water, scarcity of fertilizer in market and insufficient money for fertilizer. Many a times

they dont get fertilizer at the right time.

iii) Traditional farming methods:This also leads to low productivity. There is a lot of ignorance about the use of new farming methods and technologies such as multiple

cropping. They dont use FYM and other input in a proper way; that is why they dont get 100% output. So these factors contribute to low

productivity.

iv) Lack of adequate farm machinery:Even today a large number of farmers in Nani Korvai use wooden ploughs and bullocks. They dont have adequate machinery like seed drill. So,

old machineries take more time in tillage practices.

v) Lack of finances for farmers:In Nani Korvai most of the farmers are marginal and small. They do not have enough money to buy good quality seeds, machinery and other

inputs.

vi) Lack of good quality seeds and fertilizers:Good quality seed, fertilizer and pesticide are important factor in agriculture productivity. The use of good quality leads to higher land

productivity. In Nani Korvai, however, there are two limitations in the use of fertilizer. First these fertilizers are most useful in irrigated

condition. But in Nani Korvai 100 per cent of land depend on rainfall. In Nani Korvai mostly farmers use nitrogenous fertilizers especially urea.

This has resulted in disproportionate use of fertilizer depleting the quality of land.

vii) Lack of other facilities such as storage and marketing:

5 10% f i l d d f h i d i f d k f l S h ll l l d

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5-10% of agriculture product damage after harvesting due to scarcity of proper storage and proper market for sale. So he sells to local traders

at the low prices. Farmers mainly face proper means of transportation and roads. And second problem is farmers dont have pro per storage

facilities.

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CHAPTER 4

WATERSHED ACTIVITIES

W h d A i i i

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Watershed Activities

Watershed management as a strategy has been adopted by Government of India especially in the rain-fed regions of semi-arid tropics. These

regions are characterized by low and undependable rain, low soil fertility, poor infrastructure development, low literacy and high incidence of

migration. Several studies have identified that there is a dire need of a systematic and scientific approach to deal with watershed development. The

common guidelines generate a fresh and flexible framework for the next generation watershed development.

4.1. Scientific Planning:

i) Cluster ApproachThis envisages a broader vision of Geo-hydrological unit which involves treating a cluster of micro-watershed. The Nani Korvai Project

consists of ten- watersheds namely5D1A6d1f, 5D1A6d1a, 5D1A6c3b, 5D1A6d1d, 5D1A6d1b, D1A6b3b as their respective codes. Further Nani

Korvai watershed project is in continuation with other watershed projects namely Kakarpada, chikda, Nanasukaamba, Khopi Projects this gives

an element of continuation of the programme.

ii) Base line SurveyTo access the impact of any watershed development programme a detailed baseline survey has to be conducted. This acts a benchmark

for any intervention during and post implementation of any development programme. A detailed baseline survey was undertaken which

involved household census survey, Bio-physical survey and Village level data collection from Talati cum mantri. Household census survey

includes a detailed questionnaire which was been filled by visiting each and every household in the village. This gave in the details of the

demographic profile of the village, the literacy percentage, SC/ST population, number of BPL household, cattle population, net consumption

rate in the village, average milk production of the cattle and various schemes running and their benefits

Bio-physical survey was undertaken to identify various natural resources available in the village. It included the soil typology, well in the

area, crop taken in the field, Cropping pattern, fertilizer used and various sources of irrigation in the field.

iii) Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA)

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iii) Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA)

The past experience of watershed has given tremendous input to focus on creating accountability of the stakeholders towards the

programme. This has created an emphasis to include all the stakeholder communities and their local and indigenous Technological Knowledge

(ITK) while planning for any activity. Participatory approach provides a new path for planning, implementing, monitoring and post- withdrawal

activities with a complete accountability of the stakeholders. Various PRA techniques like resource mapping, social mapping, and season

calendars were used to understand the physical and social orientation of the village in general and watershed in specific. These tools put the

villagers in ease than the complicated questionnaires. Various tools like Matrix ranking, Venn Diagram were used to identify various local

vegetations (apt for afforestation) , Fodders crops , various institution and their significance in the life of the farmers

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Figure: 2 Resource mapping

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Figure: 3 Village meeting

iv)

Use of GIS and Remote sensing for planningUse of various high science tools has been promoted at various stages of watershed development.

a) Prioritization

Geographical Information System (GIS) has been used for prioritization process Various layer maps were created like Geo-morphological

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Geographical Information System (GIS) has been used for prioritization process. Various layer maps were created like Geo-morphological,

Soil, BPL Population, SC/ST population, Ground water Status, Drinking water situation Slope percent. These were all given proper weightage

according to the DoLR specification. This helped in prioritization of various watershed areas.

b) PlanningAn action plan matrix was formulated by State Level Nodal Agency (SLNA) taking into account various features like the slope percent, soil

Depth, Soil Texture, Soil erosion in the area for wasteland, forest land and agricultural land. Global positioning System (GPS) was used to

identify each and every water conservation structures available in the project area. This was used to create a map. Contour Map of vertical

interval of 1 meter at a scale of 1:8000 was used for identifying various locations for soil and water conservation structures.

c) Hydrological modellingHydrology modelling technique was used for locating drainage, stream length, flow direction, sink, Flow accumulation. This model overlaid

over cadastral map to calculate the catchment area of each structures like the check dam etc. This has helped to remove the human error which

generally occurs while calculating the catchment area of a check dam.

Table no. 30: Details of Scientific Planning and Inputs in IWMP projects

S. No. Scientific criteria/ inputs usedWhether scientific criteria was

used(A)PlanningCluster approach YesWhether technical back-stopping for the project has been arranged? If yes, mention the name of theInstitute

Baseline survey Yes

Hydro-geological survey Yes

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Hydro-geological survey Yes

Contour mapping YesParticipatory Net Planning (PNP) YesRemote sensing data-especially soil/ crop/ run-off cover

Ridge to Valley treatmentOnline IT connectivity between

(1)Project and DRDA cell/ZP Yes

(2)DRDA and SLNA Yes

(3)SLNA and DoLR Yes

Availability of GIS layers

1. Cadastral map Yes2. Village boundaries Yes3. Drainage Yes4. Soil (Soil nutrient status) Yes5. Land use Yes6. Ground water status Yes7. Watershed boundaries Yes

8.

Activity YesCrop simulation models# NoIntegrated coupled analyzer/ near infrared visible spectroscopy/ medium spectroscopy for highspeed soil nutrient analysis

No

Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)# NoWeather Station

(B) Inputs No1. Bio-pesticides No2. Organic manures Yes3. Vermicompost Yes4. Bio-fertilizer Yes

5.

Water saving devices Yes6. Mechanized tools/ implements Yes7. Bio-fencing Yes8. Nutrient budgeting No9. Automatic water level recorders & sediment samplers No

Any other (please specify)

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Any other (please specify)

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