Napoleon Bonaparte

Early Years• Born Corsica• Military School

Military Years and Coup

• Lieutenant in French artillery– Military genius– Artillery

• Directory– Loyalty to revolution– 1796-1815 Napoleonic Wars– Egyptian campaign

• Horatio Nelson• Rosetta Stone

– Coup d’etat 1799• Sieyes

Consulate Period1799-1804

• Domestic Reforms– Strong central government

• Merit system• Legion of Honor

– Legal Reforms• Napoleonic Code

– Equality under the law including inheritance

– Freedom of conscience– Property rights– Abolition of serfdom– Secular state– Denied women equal

status with men– Financial unity

• Bank of France

– Education Reform• State controlled• University of France

– Economic Reform• Stimulate economy• Food at lower prices• Increase employment• Peasants retain land

acquired during Revolution– Religious unity

• Concordat 1801

Emperor1804-1814

• Constant warfare– Empire building

• Continental System• 1809- Marie Louise

– Daughter of Austrian emperor

Downfall and Exile

• Views of Napoleon– French-ruled subjects—tyrant– Enlightened reformers—betrayed ideals

• Downfall– Personal weaknesses– Inability to conquer England– Peninsular War with Spain– Invasion of Russia 1812

• Tzar Alexander I• Scorched earth policy

– Economic problems• Continental System

• Final Defeat– Battle of Leipzig “Battle of Nations”– Exile Elba

100 Days

• 1814-1815 Louis XVIII restored to throne

• Disharmony at Congress of Vienna

• Napoleon arrives in France – Louis XVIII goes into exile– Waterloo

• Duke of Wellington

• Prussian army

• Napoleon abdicates

– Exile to St. Helena

Exile for Napoleon

Describe the man you see in the following portraits.

(2 descriptions/adjectives for each portrait)

Napoleon’s legacy was like T.N.T.

Tried to unify all of Europe - failedNapoleonic Code of Laws -made all equal

•spread laws all over his empireThe growth of nationalism in countries he conquered (especially Prussia & Italy)

Q: Why would this cause nationalism to grow?