Faculty of Engineering Technology

& Research. Isroli, Afwa.

Name Enrollment no Roll no

PATEL JIGAR 130840106036 72

MISTRY CHIRAG 130840106021 62

GARASIYA JAIMISH 130840106016 14

PATEL AKASH 130840106028 55

PATEL KEYUR 130840106037 75

Guided by

- Mr. Shivang Dabhi

-Miss Ankita Upadhyay

Chapter (1)

Scope of civil engineering

Introduction ….Impact of infrastructural development on the economy of a country

Role of civil engineersImportance of planningScheduling & construction management

Define civil engineering… “Engineering is the art based primarily upon training in

mathematics & the physical sciences of utilizing economically the forces & material of nature for the benefit of man.”

“Civil engineering is the art of directing the great sources of power in nature for the use & convenience of man.”

Eng. Concerned with designing ,constructing , maintaining works of public utility.

Civil eng. Is concerned works like transportation , irrigation , & public health.

Define civil engineer… One who designs & maintains works of public utility is known

as civil engineer.

Some history … Most oldest branch … 1st engineering college at roorkee college in 1847 … then its

renamed as thomas college of engineering in 1854 , its also becomes 1st eng. University of India in 1949 , now its becomes Indian Institute of technology Roorkee.

Main scope… Planning Designing Estimating Supervising construction Managing construction Maintenance of structures like roads , bridges , dams ,

buildings.

1. Scope of Civil Engineering Branches of civil Engineering

Civil engineering is a wide field and includes many types of structure such as residential buildings, public buildings, industrial building, roads, bridges, tunnels, railway, dams, and canal ,airport, harbours, and ports, water treatment plant, water supply network and drainage network. main branches of civil engineering are classified as follows.

1.Surveying and Leveling

2. Building, Planning and Construction

3. Advanced Construction

4. Structural Engineering

5. Geotechnical Engineering

6. Water Resources Engineering

7. Transportation Engineering

8. Environmental Engineering

9. Town planning

SCOPE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

The main role of civil engineering or the task of civil engineering is planning, designing, estimating, supervising construction, managing construction, execution and maintenance of structure.

 

SCOPE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

2.Construction of heavy structure: In constructing bridges, dams ,air port, under water construction, tunnels ,pile foundation etc with advanced construction techniques.

3.Geotechnical engeneering:Constructing several types of foundation like simple footing, well foundation, pile foundation, coffer dams and foundation of machine subjected to vibration is the main scope of geotechnical engeneering.

4.Transportation engeneering: In constructing structure related to the transportation engeneering like roads,rail ways,tunnels,ports,harbours, run ways and air ports.

According to the function of civil engineering :1. Surveying2. Planning3. Structural analysis and design4. Professional practice• Estimating• Costing and accounts• valuation• contracts5. Construction management• Planning and scheduling• Construction execution and supervision6. Quality control and research7. Maintenance of structure

1. SurveyingTo carry out for setting out of a works and preparing map of land.levelling is carried out of measure levels and to prepare contour map.Maps are useful for pianning of the construction project

2.Planning: to carry out planning of the different units accorading to their functional needs.technical feasibility ,study, economical viability study, environment impact analysis, surveying and soil investigation are the different planning activities.

3.Structural Analysis and design: To carry out structural design by selecting the type of steel and fixing the size and shape of various structure componants like slab, beam column etc.

4. professional practices:(a) Estimating: To prepare estimate of work.The producers for preparing estimate is known as estimating.

(b)Costing and accounts: To carry out costing to know the actual expenditure in the payment of bills to the contractor, and any other expenditure, during construction of the work.

(c) Valuation: To carry out of the property like land or land with building. Valuation is carried out for yhe property of the purpose of sale , purchases, insurance, taking loans and other purposes.

(d) Contracts:On the bases of contractor’s qualification,past performance and rates filled in the tender papers,work is allocated to the contractor.

Introduction to Civil Engineering

Role of civil engineer

Civil - Engineer

Civil Related to citizen, society

Engineer The person with the knowledge

of Science & mathematics with inventive Skill who develops

Solution for technical problems.

The Civil Engineers play role in :• Design• Construction• Maintenance • Demolition• Disaster of buildings

&• Infrastructure like:

Roads, bridges, Canals, Dams…more • Civil Engineering plays major role on

ECONOMY of the Nation.

1 . The main role of civil engineer is in surveying,planning,designing,estimation and execution of structures like buildings, roads, bridges, railways, ports, airports,

dams, canals, water treatement plants, water distribution network.

2. To carry out the design of structures as per the principles of str-uctural analysis and design.He should also ensure that design is safe , durable and economic.

3. To carry out valuation of land or building for the purpose of finding its sale or purchase price or taxation.

4. To carry out quantity survey and to prepare estimate to know probable cost of completion of work.

5. To invite tenders and to select contractor for the work.

6. To supervise the work during execution and to ensure progress of work . at the end of work he has to give completion certifica- te and to handover the work to the user or owner.

7. To supervise the work during execution and to ensure progress of work . at the end of work he has to give completion certifica- te and to handover the work to the user or owner.

8. To carry out planning of building as per its functional needs, as suggested by client or user

How To Become A Civil Engineer

Extensive Knowledge Experience Being Careful, Professional

Life Of A Civil EngineerThe daily duties of a civil engineer depends on job specializations. This includes:

• Preconstruction planning• Infrastructure maintenance• Surveying land• maps, and drafting software• Large amount of technical and computer work• Making decisions about schedule, materials and staffing

The Life Of A Civil Engineer• Civil engineers have always faced the challenges of

thinking about the future: advancing civilization and building our quality of life

• Civil engineers are problem solvers. They meet and solve the following challenges:

• Traffic congestion• Drinking water and energy needs• Urban redevelopment• Pollution• Community planning• Transportation

Scheduling Techniques

(1)Bar chart

(2)CPM

(3)PERT

ADVANTAGES OF BAR CHART LIMITATION OF BAR CHART

comparison

Very simple method & easy to understand.

To change in bar chat is easy. Progress can be known at any

stage. Modification in the chart is

easy .

Useful only small & simple jobs. Independence of activities is not

well defined. Does not give guidelines where

more concentration is required. Uncertainties are not

considered.

Critical path method

1 EVENT

ACTIVITY WITH DURATION IN WEEK

CRITICAL PATH

Project evaluation & review technique Optimistic time (to), most likely time (tm), pessimistic time

(tp ), are used in PERT. All situations are favorable & every things happens as per

plan its call to. Time taken for completion of the activity called tm. Due to unfavorable situation when time is maximum its

called tp.

advantages limitation

Compare in CPM

Useful for big project having more interrelated activities.

Helps in calculating completion time & it reduces delay.

Improves overall control & monitoring

Helps in proper labour & material management.

It result in Saving the cost.

Does not consider uncertainties in planning .

CPM is not useful for research and development type of project .

Thank you…