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Chapter 18 Test Review – Classification

1. Derived characteristics are used to generate a cladogram, a diagram that shows relationships among groups of organisms in terms of evolution.

2. Several classes make up a phylum.

3. A dichotomous key gives a list of choices that lead to the name of an organism being identified.

4. What does the second part of a scientific name tell you? Species.

5. Which kingdom in the 6-kingdom system of classification was once grouped with plants? (hint: It’s the kingdom that has mushrooms in it). Fungi

6. Traditional classification considered only physical characteristics and structural similarities of organisms for classifying them.

7. The modern taxonomists study the following characteristics of organisms to determine relationships among organisms.Structural similarities, DNA, Biochemical similarities, Embryological development, Reproductive potential, Evolutionary history.

8. Scientists have found that humans and yeasts have similar genes for the assembly of certain proteins. Similar genes are evidence of common ancestry.

9. Organisms in the kingdoms Eubacteria and Archaebacteria were once grouped in a kingdom called Monera.

10. The three-domain system separates two groups of prokaryotes (organisms without a nucleus).

11. Homo habilis (handy man) and Homo sapien (wise man) share the same genus.

12. The two smallest categories in Linnaeus’ system of classification are the genus and the species.

13. A characteristic used in cladistic analysis that evolves over time is called a derived characteristic. characteristic.

14. List the 7 levels of taxonomy, from largest (most inclusive) to smallest. a. Kingdom e.Familyb. Phylum f. Genusc. Class g. Speciesd. Order

15. What phylum are the classes Reptila and Mammalia in? Chordata

16. The science of grouping organisms on the basis of their similarities is called Taxonomy

17. Which 2 kingdoms did Linnaeus recognize? Plantae and Animalia

18. The six kingdom classification system places organisms in which categories: Animalia, Plantae, Protista, Fungi, Eubacteria, Archaebacteria

19. What is a taxon? Each level of classification

20. List three reasons for classifying living things.a. organizes living things & makes it easier to studyb. explains the relationship between living thingsc. it is universal

21. The practice of using two word names for scientific names is known as Binomial Nomenclature.

22. The scientific name consists of what two parts? genus and species

23. Write the name CANIS LUPUS correctly. Canis lupus

24. Organisms that do not contain a nucleus are called prokaryotic

25. Organisms that DO contain a nucleus are called Eukaryotic

26. An organism that can produce its own food is known as a(n) Autotroph

27. An organism that must obtain food is known as a(n) Heterotroph

28. In what Kingdom do we find most eukaryotes that are either heterotrophic or autotrophic? Protista

29. What language are scientific names written in? Latin

30. If two organisms are similar and can produce fertile offspring, they are probably members of the same species.

31. For many species, there are often regional differences in their common names

32. Complete the chart below.Domain Kingdom

Archaea Archaebacteia

Bacteria Eubacteria

EukaryaFungi, Protista,

Plantae and Animalia.

33. The modern system of classification includes the idea that all organisms share a common ancestor

34. Who was the father of modern taxonomy? Linnaeus

35. Using the cladogram below, Determine which two organisms are most closely related.Reptiles & Birds

36. According to this cladogram, what is a characteristic that birds and living reptiles have that mammals, amphibians and fish do not?2 holes in skull behind eye

37. What is the one characteristic that all of these organisms share?backbone

38. Using the dichotomous key below, identify the organism Virginia bluebell(Hint: All the plants have blue or purple flowers with five petals that are fused together).

39. Organisms, such as humans, that get their body heat from metabolism are called endothermic. Reptiles, amphibians, etc that have to use the outside environment to maintain their temp are ectothermic.

Be able to give examples of organisms in each of the 6 kingdoms.*Make sure you know how to read/interpret a cladogram.*Look over all notes, handouts, assignments and labs for this chapter! Read the chapter again!

What are the 6 kingdoms of life?1. Eubacteria

2. Archaebacteria

3. Protista

4. Fungi

5. Plantae

6. Animalia

Find out kingdom in which the following organisms belong? (Use flipchart available on the website)

1. Mushrooms and yeast - Fungi

2. Most photosynthetic autotrophs - Plantae

3. Homo sapien - Animalia

4. Organism that have wall of chitin - Fungi

5. Invertebrates and vertebrates - Animalia

6. Organisms that live in extreme conditions, at deep ocean vents and hot springs - Archaebacteria

7. Protozoans and brown, yellow, green and red algae - Protista

8. Ferns, shrubs, grasses, trees - Plantae

9. A sea sponge - Animalia

10. Bacteria and blue-green algae - Eubacteria

11. Mammalia & Reptilia - Animalia

12. Mosses - Plantae

13. Mold and mildew - Fungi

14. Paramecium, Amoeba - Protist

15. Single-celled and multi-celled organisms- Fungi & Protista