Name that Civilization!

• This civilization developed in and around what is Veracruz, Mexico?

• A: Olmec• This civilization was invaded many times due to

their geographic location and great soil.• A: Mesopotamia• This civ did not depend on grain-based

agriculture.• A: Norte Chico• Where was the Norte Chico civ?• A: Peru

• Approximately when did the first civilizations begin to develop?

• A: 3,500 BCE

• Which civ had the following: 25 urban centers based on fishing, little rainfall, mound buildings

• A: Norte Chico (Peru)

• What was a necessary precursor to the development of civilization?

• A: the surplus and population growth from the Agricultural Revolution

• All of the following describe which civ: larger than Egypt and Mesopotamia, little evidence of social hierarchy

• A: Indus• Which two modern-day countries make up where the

Indus Civ existed?• A: Pakistan and India• Name two crops that the Olmec people depended on?• A: beans, squash, maize• How did the mud bricks of Indus lead to

environmental problems?• A: They cut down too many trees for firewood to bake

the bricks

• Give a specific example of a 1st civ monument/structure that displays social hierarchy.

• A: possible: Olmec colossal heads, pyramids, mound buildings, lavish tombs of Chinese state

• Cite two examples of Indus culture that continued on after their collapse.

• A: yoga, ritual burning, ceremonial bathing, clothing/jewelry styles

• Of the 1st civilizations, which three were the earliest?

• A: Sumer (Meso), Egypt, and Norte Chico

• What is this?

• A: Quipu. 5,000 year old knotted strings found in Norte Chico used for record keeping (is this writing?)

• What evidence is there that the people of Norte Chico were involved in trade with local peoples?

• A: cotton for their fishing nets, along with squash & beans

Below in an Oracle Bone. Which 1st civ created these and why?

• What is the most striking difference between the 1st civ in ancient China and the 1st civ in Indus?

• A: In Indus there’s no indication of a strong state; whereas in China a large centralized state was very important

• Who made up the majority of the population in the 1st civs?

• A: free commoners

• Who made up the slave population in the 1st civs? (name 2 groups)

• A: POWS, debtors, criminals

• How was 1st civ slavery very different than slavery in U.S. history? (give two examples)

• A: slavery in the first civs was not race based and slaves were not primarily working in farming

• What is the difference between sex and gender?• A: sex is biological, gender has to do with the cultural

meanings associated with sex (norms, expectations)

• Historians have put forth 3 possible reasons for the origin of patriarchy. Explain one.

• A: possible: a) intensive agriculture b) warfare & prof armies c) private property & inheritance

• Give two examples of how life for women was different in Mesopotamia than in Egypt.

• A: In Egypt Women were recognized as equal to men, they could own property, they could sell land as well as initiate divorce; some women were rulers. These examples were not true in Meso and in Meso some women were forced to stay veiled outside but mostly remained indoors

• Who was equally as important as the state/government in most early civs?

• A: the temple/church

• How did societal violence change from Paleolithic times to the 1st civs?

• A: state violence (war/punishment) surpasses interpersonal violence (homicide higher in Paleolithic times)…why?

• How did writing support the state authority?• A: Taxes made up a lot of early writing. Special

powers and elite status associated with writing. Propaganda also used.