Name: __________________________________________ Date: _______________Quiz name: Bonding - AP Chem Review

1.The figure show that in solid hydrogen fluoride there are two different distances between Hatoms and F atoms. Which of the following best accounts for the two different distances?

A Accommodation of the necessary bond angles in theformation of the solid.

B Difference in strength between covalent bonds andintermolecular forces.

C Different isotopes of fluroine present in the samples.D Uneven repulsions among nonbonding pairs.

2.Based on the data in the tables, which of the following statements provides the best predictionfor the boiling point of NaCl?

A NaCl will have a lower boiling point than NaF because thecoloumbic attractions are weaker in NaCl than NaF.

B NaCl will have a boiling point between that of NaF and MgObecause the covalent charater of the bonds in NaCl isintermediate between that of MgO and NaF.

C NaCl wil have a higher boiling point than MgO because theions are spaced farther apart in NaCl.

D NaCl will have a higher boiling point than MgO because theenergy required to transfer electrons from the anion to thecation is larger in NaCl than in MgO.

3.

Nonane and 2,3,4-trifluoropentane have almost identical molar masses, but nonane has asignificantly higher boiling point. Which of the following statements best helps explain thisobservation?

A The C-F bond is easier to break than the C-H bond.B The C-F bond is more polar than the C-H bond.

C The carbon chains are longer in nonane than they are in2,3,4-trifluoropentane.

D THe carbon chains are farther apart in a sample of nonanethan they are in 2,3,4-trifluoropentane.

4.

To make Au stronger and harder, it is often alloyed with other metals such as Cu and Ag.Consider the two alloys, one of Cu and Au and one of Au and Ag, each with the same molefraction of Au. If the Au/Cu alloy is harder than the Au/Ag alloy, then which of the following is thebest explanation based on the information in the table?

A Cu has two common oxidation states, but Ag has only one.

B Cu has a higher melting point than Au has, but Ag has a lowermelting point than Au has.

C Cu atoms are smaller than Ag atoms, thus they interferemore with the displacement of atoms in the alloy.

D Cu atoms are less polarizable than are Au or Ag atoms, thusCu has weaker interparticle forces.

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5.

Silicon crystals are semiconductors. Which of the following is a correct reason for the increase inthe conductivity of Si crystals when a small fraction Si atoms are replaced with those of adifferent element.

A P atoms introduce an additional mobile negative charges.B P atoms introduce additional mobile positive charges.C Ge atoms have more electrons than Si atoms have .D Ge atoms are much smaller than Si atoms.

6.

The diagram shows moleculesof Br2 and I2 drawn to the same scale. Which of the following isthe best explanation for the differencei n the boiling points of liquid bromine and iodine whichare 59 C and 184 C, respectively.

A Solid iodine is a network covalent solid, whereas solidbromine is a molecular solid.

B The covalent bonds in iodine molecules are weaker thanthose in bromine molecules.

C Iodine molecules have electron clouds that are morepolarizable than those of bromine molecules, thus LDF arestronger in liquid I2

D Bromine has a greater electronegativity than iodine, thusthere are stronger dipole-dipole forces in liquid bromine thanin liquid iodine.

7. In the diagram above, which of the labeled arrows identifies hydrogen bonding in water?

A A

B B

C C

D D

8.Based on the data in the table above, which of the following liquid substances has the weakestintermolecular forces?

A C6H6

B C2H5OH

C CH3OH

D C2H6O2

9.

Based on the data in the table above, which of the following correctly predicts the relativestrength of the attraction of Zn+2, Ca+2, and Ba+2 ions to water molecules in a solution, fromstrongest to weakest, and provides the correct reason?

A Zn+2>Ca+2>Ba+2 because the smaller ions have a strongercoloumbic attraction to water.

B Zn+2>Ca+2>Ba+2 because the smaller ions are moreelectronegative.

C Ba+2> Ca+2 > Zn+2 because the larger ions are morepolarizable.

D Ba+2> Ca+2 > Zn+2 because the larger ions are lesselectronegative.

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10. The average kinetic energy of the gas molecules is

A greatest in container A

B greatest in container B

C greatest in container C

D the same in all three containers

11. The density of the gas, in g/L, is

A greatest in container A

B greatest in container B

C greatest in container C

D the same in all three containers

12.

An aqueous solution of copper sulfate of unknown concentratio is to be analyzed to determinethe molarity of Cu+2 ions present. A standard solution is prepared by dissolving 2.50 g of coppersulfate pentahydrate (molar mass = 250. g) in water to a volume of 50.0 mL. The standardsolution is analyzed in a spectrophotometer, set at the correct wavelength for maximumabsorbance. The absorbance is read as 0.48. A 10.0 mL sample of the standard solution ispipetted into a 30.0 mL sample of water. Tested in the same spectrophotometer, at the samewavelength, the absorbance reading of this solution should be

A 0.12B 0.16C 0.60D 1.92

13.

An aqueous solution of copper sulfate of unknown concentratio is to be analyzed to determinethe molarity of Cu+2 ions present. A standard solution is prepared by dissolving 2.50 g of coppersulfate pentahydrate (molar mass = 250. g) in water to a volume of 50.0 mL. The standardsolution is analyzed in a spectrophotometer, set at the correct wavelength for maximumabsorbance. The absorbance is read as 0.48. The unknown solution is tested, under the sameconditions, and found to have an absorbance of 0.24. What is the apparent molarity of Cu+2 inthis solution?

A 0.10 MB 0.20 MC 0.050 MD 0.40 M

14.

At STP, the volume of 1.00 mole of O2, N2, or He gas is 22.4 L. However the volume of 1.00 moleof SO2 gas at STP is 21.9 L. The best explanation of the smaller volume occupied by the SO2molecules is

A the larger SO2 molecules cannot be treated as point sources, and occupy a significant portion ofthe container.

B the larger SO2 molecules move slower than the other gas particles, and therefore exert a smallerpressure on the container walls.

C There are significant intermolecular forces of attraction between SO2 molecules.D Endothermic collisions between SO2 molecules decrease the average velocity.

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15.

A sample of O2 gas ocupies a volume of 20.0 L. If the number of moles of oxygen, the pressureof oxygen, and the Kelvin temperature of the oxygen are all doubled, the new volume of theoxygen will be

A 20.0 LB 40.0 LC 60.0 LD 160. L

16.Sodium nitrate is very soluble in water. The bonding force most responsible for this largesolubility is best described as

A An interionic attractionB an ion-dipole attractionC a dipole-dipole attractionD a hydrogen bond

17. In which species is the electron geometry around the central atom tetrahedral?A SF4B BF4

-

C XeF4D PCl5

18. Which molecules is both a dipole and has tetrahedral geometry?A CH2Cl2B ICl3C CBr4D SO3

19. Which molecules have a planar geometry? A) CH2Cl2 B) ICl3 C) CBr4 D) SO3A A and DB A and BC B and DD D only

20.

In which molecule are the bond angles closest to 90 degrees?A) CH2Cl2B) ICl3C) CBr4D) SO3

A AB BC CD D

21. Which molecule contains both sigma and pi bonds?A CH2Cl2B ICl3C CBr4

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D SO3

22.The physical properties of many substances are the result of delocalizatio of valence electrons.The substances indicated by this statement are most likely those that contain

A Ionic bondsB Metallic BondsC Covalent BondsD Hydrogen Bonds

23.50. mL of 2.00 M NaNO3 is mixed with 20.0 mL of 3.00 M KNO3. The solution is diluted withwater to a final volume of 100. mL. What is the concentration of NO3

- in the solution?A 1.60 MB 0.160 MC 16.0 MD 0.150 M

24.Which of the following properties of liquids DECREASES as the strengths of intermolecular forcesINCREASE?

A Boiling PointB ViscosityC Vapor PressureD Heat of Vaporization

25. The O-N-O bond angle in the nitrite ion, NO2-, is closest toA 180B 120C 90D 109

26. Which substance do you predict will have the greatest conductivity at room temperature ?

A Si

B Ge

C Te

D Cannot be determine from the information in the table .

27.A chemist has the insoluble salt, copper (II) fluoride. He wishes to use a ligand to dissolve the saltby producing a soluble complex ion. Which ligan will be most effective at dissolving the CuF2(s)?

A cyanide

B hydroxide

C ammonia

D cannot tell from the data given

28. Which container contains the greatest mass of gas?

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A Helium

B Methane

C Oxygen

D All containers have the same mass

29. The individual particles of which gas are moving with the greatest velocity?

A Helium

B Methane

C Oxygen

D All have the same velocity

30. In which vessel do the individual gas particles have the greatest kinetic energy?

A Helium

B Methane

C Oxygen

D All have the same kinetic energy

31. Which liquid do you predict will have the lowest vapor pressure at room temperature?

A Hexane

B Ethanol

C Diethyl Ether

D It can not be determined from the data table

32. The variation of boiling points can be explained in terms of

A Molar mass alone

B Hydrogen bonding alone

C London dispersion forces

D Molar mass AND london dispersion forces AND hydrogenbonding

33. of the compounds listed in the table above, exhibit hydrogen bonding between their molecules?

A 0

B 1

C 2

D 3

34. Which two compounds appear to have intermolecular forces that are very similar in size?

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A Pentane and hexane

B Ethanol and pentane

C Pentane and diethyl ether

D Ethanol and diethyl ether

35. Which of the liquids in the table has the highest boiling point?

A Dimethyl ether because it has hydrogen bondingintermolecular forces

B Ethanol because it has hydrogen bonding intermolecularforces

C Propane because it has london dispersion intermolecularforces

D Cannot be determined from the information

36. Which of the liquidsd in the table are isomers of one another?

A Dimethyl ether and ethanol

B Propane and ethaol

C Dimethyl ether and propane

D There are no molecules that are isomers of one another sinceeach has a different functional group

37.Considering only the C atoms in the structures, what type of hybridization can be found withinthese compounds?

A sp

B sp2 and sp3

C sp3 only

D sp and sp3

38.

The figure represents three sealed 1.0 L vessels, each containing a different inert gas at 298 K.The pressure of Ar in the first vessel is 2.0 atm. The ratio of the numbers of Ar, Ne, and Heatoms in the vessels is 2:1:6 respectively. After all the gases are combined in a previouslyevacuated 2.0 L vessel, what is the total pressure of the gases at 298 K?

A 3.0 atm

B 4.5 atm

C 9.0 atm

D 18 atm

39.

PCl5 decomposes into PCl3 and Cl2 according to the equation below. A pure sample of PCl5 isplaced into a rigid, evacuated 1.00 L container. The initial presure of the PCl5 is 1.00 atm. Thetemperature is held constant until the PCl5 reaches equilibrium with its decomposition products.The figures show the initial and equilibrium conditions of the system. PCl5 <--> PCl3 + Cl2 Whichof the following is the most likely cause for the increase in pressure observed in the container asthe reaction reaches equilibrium?

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A A decrease in the strength of the intermolecular attractionamong the molecules in the flask

B An increase in the strength of intermolecular attractiosamong the molecules in the flask

C An increase in the number of molecules, which increases thefrequency of collisions with the walls of the container.

D An increase in the speed of the molecules that then collidewith the walls of the container with greater force.

40.

PCl5 decomposes into PCl3 and Cl2 according to the equation below. A pure sample of PCl5 isplaced into a rigid, evacuated 1.00 L container. The initial presure of the PCl5 is 1.00 atm. Thetemperature is held constant until the PCl5 reaches equilibrium with its decompositionproducts. The figures show the initial and equilibrium conditions of the system. PCl5 <--> PCl3 +Cl2 If the decomposition reaction were to go to completion, the total pressure in the containerwould be

A 1.4 atm

B 2.0 atm

C 2.8 atm

D 3.0 atm

41.

The experimental apparatus represented above is used to demonstrate the rates at which gasesdiffuse. When the cotton balls are placed at the ends of a tube at the same time, the gasesdiffuse from each end and meet somewhere in between, where they react to form a white solid.Which of the following combinations will produce a white solid closest to the center of the tube?

A HCl and CH3NH2

B HCl and NH3

C HBr and CH3NH2

D HBr and NH3

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