NAHLIKEND EN LENG From the Division of Historic Preservntion and Cultural Affairs, Pohnpei State Department of Land

Volume I, Number 3. April 15, 1994

Lidorkini Museum Transfered -Y asuo I. Yamada

I would like to formally inform the public that the negotiations over the Pohnpei Lidorkim Museum finally came to a close as of February 28, 1994. The r

remain the property of the Department of Land. These properties will remain where they currently are and shall continue to be supervised and maintained by the Museum Curator who has been administratively trans­ferred to the Department of Education along with the Lidorkmi Museum.

museum, the Department of .Land _and the ~epurtm~nt The complexity of this case may very well cause confu­of Education are now all fully m complia~ce w~th. sionamongmanypeopleandwearecurrentlydoingour State Laws .No.3L-32-93 _an~ No.3~-6-92 and ~tth best to further clarify the situation. In the meantime, the Pohnpe1 State Constitution ArucJe 7 Sections please be informed that the Pohnpei Lidorkini Museum

3 (8) and S. remains open to the public and continues to welcome all

The Pohnpei State Constitution, Section 3 states in part that, "The govemmenc of Pohnpei shall establish and maintain a library, museum and archives," and Section 5 says, "The government of Pohnpei shall establish and faithfully execute comprehensive plans forthe identifi­cation, preservation and administration, for the benefit of the public, of places, artifacts, and information of historic and cultural importance."

Pohnpei State Law No.3L-32-93 Section 4 states that the Department of Education shal I include the Di vision of Library, Museum and Archives. S.L. 3L-6-92 Sec­tion 3 states that the Department of Land shall include the Division of Historic Pre'iervation and Cultural Af­fairs.

Based on the above, the Governor, Director of Education, and myself, the DirectorofLand have signed a Deed of Transfer of the Pohnpei Lidorkini Museum from the Department of Land to the Department of Education. This transfer docs not, however, include any property or object belongmg to the Department of Land, Division of His toric Preservation and Cultural Affairs. Any property belonging to the Depart ment of Land, related to histonc pres ervation and Clllture, or purchased by the Historic Preservation Fund will

visitors, therefore fulfilling the spirit of the Pohnpei State Constitution and the laws of the State of Pohnpei.

PWUKOA EN LIH -Retty Lawrence

Uh emen de lih me krn wia nohno en ihmw kin abneki pwukoa laud oh kesempwal ohng imwe oh tohn imwe kan. Nohno men pahn kamwenge tohn imwe kan oh tehk pwe koaros en insenamwahu oh wahu pene nan pwungarail oh ahneki poal en perien oh poal en peneinei.

Nohno men ih me pi! ahneki pwukoah en rohk pcne nah seri kan oh nein rie oh] oh lih kan pwe ren wehwcpene oh ahnek1 minimin nan pwungarail. Pil nohno men ahneki pwukoah en kapehse nei o ih oh riehk.an serihkan ia arail keinek en pali riau pali en nohno oh pahpa.

Nohno men kin ahneki pwukoah en tohnmetei ansou koaros. E kin kasalehda larnalam oh lokaia pwung ansou koaros mwohn nah seri kan. E pil mengei en lokaiaieng nein riehkan serihkan.

Noh no men pil udahn pahn sapan oh kadek ohng aramas koaros. Udahn e pahn poh kadek oh memmem ansou koaros mwohn aramas.

Lib koaros me wia nohno lih me esehier dahkot poal en lih oh ahnek pwukoah.

( conrinued on p.2)

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Nahlikend En Leng p.2

(continued from p. 1) Nohno men ahneki pwukoah en kaminimin en peneinei, kcinck, kousapw, oh wehi de sou. Lih me epwelpen minimin de koJpene pwukoahn kaminimin.

Lih me ahneki min oh min sohte mihte ni kamwekel en kili de likou de dipwsou, ahpw e pil mi ni lamalam. Soangen min pwukat me kescmpwal ahpw ehu me kesempwal sang metakan iei kaminimin en nan pwungen aramas. lei met me lih emen pahn mwcngemwengieng. Lih emen kin mwengemwcngcieng en neitik oh wia soun kaminimin en keniek.

Lih me pah tikiada soahng kesempwal oh laud koaros pwe en pweida oh waun nan Pohnpei kahrehda lih sohte konehng nennenla.

Eri iei oaralap en pwukoah en lih rnetakan ah ire pisetik en oaralap pwukat me ngeder oh kesempwal. lei me kahrehda ekei en lih pwukoa oh I udahn sohte kak wia oh pi! sohte konehng wia. Oh an ohl pwukoa kei lih sohte kak wia oh sohte konehng ren welian ohl oh wia. Tiahk oh mour en aramas akan nan ehu. ehu wehi kin ekis wckpcscng.

Nohno men kin roapwoahngepcne seri ansou koaros karehda karakar en nohno me laud rchn seri kan oh seri pahn men rong ngilen nohno ansou koaros. Kahrehda ohl akan en sewese nohno kan pwe arail pwukoa en pwcida oh lih akan en nantieng tehk arail pwukoah kan oh sewese ohng an ohl pwukoah kan. Ahpw lih en dehr song de lidere pwukoah en ohl oh ohl en dehr lidere an lih akan.

Limcsekedil en Keinek: Lih me kin wia limese en sou de keinek. Iet songen wiepe me mehn Pohnpei kin kahdaneki limesekedil. E kin mie ehu, ebu sou de kcinck arail anahn me sohte kin kak alahldi mwadang. Ni songen ahnsou wet re pahn ehu oahng sou de keinek me ahneki de kolokol soahng me re anahne oh irail alehda emen neirail serepei n kaselel oh kieng nei n emen irail me kolokol soahng me re anahneo pwe serepeino en kak kolediong irail arnil anahn. Eri met kalapw wiawi ni soahng siluh, ehu sahpw ehu sohpeidi, oh ehu wini. Eri serepein me pckcder wei oh kin adaneki LimesekediL mie koul en soangen lih menet Pohnpei oh mie nohpwei pe de wiepc.

Inebnkeinek: Pil ehu an lih ah pwukoah me adaneki Inchnkeinek. Ansou me nohno en nohno kan en nan keinek ehu mehla, ah keineko pahn kihda weliepe pwe

Inehnkeinek en leak wehwehki nohno en nobno kan en keinek. Nohno menet me kin wia soun tenek en akpwung en nohno kan en keineko. Eri mehkot me lih menet pahn koa<>oanehdi sohte emen nohno oh emen aramas nan keinek pahn uhweng dekasapwunge. Kahrehdasongen nohno menet me adaneki Inchnkeinek kin kodahsang rehn irail me laud kan en nan keineko . Ahpw mehlel sang rehn irail me laud kan me koiok. loaloakong oh naineki seri tohto. Nohno kci me pahn pilada me pahn wia inen keuneko oh udahn kououpe pahn wiawi. lei nohno menet me nohno en keineko pahn kin tukieng arail kaweid oh wie lamalam en nohno kan pahn kin wiawi reh. Oh eni en keinek kan pahn kalapw sewese nohno menet kahrehda me kin lokaia manaman rehn tohfl keineko. Oh lib de serepein de nohno kan en kcinek pahn kalapw patehng inehn keinek pwe ren ahn-ki wehwepene ansou koaros. Inehn keinek men pahn kalapw ilekiong nah lib akan pwe ren kalapw wie lamalam de kosokosoia oh poadopoadok arail keinek oh kapekapehse pene oh sinsile minim en keinek oh poal en perien de sou. Eri pwehki inehn keinek ah kin doke lih me laud ohnaineki seri tohto iei me pi! elehieng wahwah kan ar pil kesempwal ni neitik en Pohnpei. Eri pwuhkoan lih rasehng pwetenleng oh nan madau me audapan oh mwekimwekid poatoapoat.

April Shootout -Gene Ashby

April in Paradise, deceptively peaceful. Yet, history was altered by shots fired in anger, large and small, in and from Micronesia during some Aprils past.

The lastttaval action of the U.S. Civil war took place in Micronesia in April when the Confederate raider Sbenadoab sank the American whalers Hectgr. Pearl and Edward Carey atPohnpei shortly before the end oftbe war (aHd the whaler Harvest a day after it ended) in 1865. The first American shot fired in World War I was not in France, but in Micronesia by a U.S. Marine gunner aboard the U.S.S. Supplv. The shot crossed the bow of the German Vessel Cormoran in Apia Harbor of Guam on April 7, 1917. And Hiroshima died in August when an American B-29 bomber left its base at Tinian in the Mariana Island$ of Micronesia and effectively ended World War II in 1945.

From the Chief -Emensio Eperiam

Nahlikend En Leng Readership- This Di vision is pleased to inform everyone that it received com­munications from a number of individuals and institutions regarding their interest in Nahlikend En Leng. Because we do wish to expand on our present readership, we are thankful and encourage your continued interest, support, and input.

New Team Member Came on Board- Ms Lerleen David came on board to this Division as the C6rt1-

munity Education Specialist for Historic Preserva­tion and Cultural Affairs. Among other responsi­bilities, Ms David will be producing audio and video prngrams, and continue production of Nahlikend En Leng after Ms Lisa Ranahan's term of duty with Peace Corps expires.

Request(or Extension ofTeamMember's Term­This Divfaion submitted a request to the Peace Corps Micronesia Office for extension of Ms Lisa Ranahan's term of duty for anotheryear. If granted, Ms Ranahan will continue to produce Nahlikend En Leng, develop th.is Division's Community Edu­cation Program, and prepare Ms Lerleen David to talce over the Educalion Program after she leaves.

Micronesian Canoe Symposium- The Division Chief for Historic Preservation and Cultural Af­fairs, Emensio Eperiam, and the Pohnpeian canoe builder, Kasiano Santos attended a Micronesian Canoe Symposium held on Guam from March 15-17, 1994. Following is a summary proceedings of the Symposiwn.

The 1994 Micronesia Canoe Symposium which was hosted by the Guam Hwnanities Council and the Guam Council on the Arts and Humanities Agency served several important purposes. Tradi­tional navigators, canoe builders and government officials attended the conference to share and ex­change their common bonds involving traditional canoe building and navigational skills. During the symposium the participants unanimously decided

f'{ahlikend En lengp.3

to initiate the "Micronesian Seafaring Society." The purpose of the organization is to maintain communications between its member islands, Chuuk, Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas, Guam, Kosrae, Marshall Islands, Palau, Pohnpei and Yap. The organization will develop programs such as the resource directories, technical assis­tance, archival library, education and apprentice programs and fund raising in support of the organi­zation. The "Micronesian Seafaring Society" is dedicated to the development, promotion and education of the traditional canoe building and navigationalskillsandJsequallydedlcatedtoelimi­nating the exploitation 0f 0ur canoe builders and recognizes the need to preserve and promote their traditional knowledge and skills. Tony Lamorena, Executive Direct0r of the Guam Council on the Arts and Humanities Agency, was named the In­terim Chairman of the new organization.

Cultural Day 1994 -Emensio liperiam

8y Pohnpei State Law, March 31st is designated as Culture Day for the people of Pohnpei to observe their own £Ulture and traditions. During the past several years the Division of Historic Preservation and Cultural Affairs (HP&CA.) has hosted a Festival of Pohnpeian Culture 1n K-0lonia, the Capitol and the only town in Poh.npei State. This year, the municipality (wehi) of U ( U, pronounced oo,is one of the five wehi on the main island of Poh.npei) hosted a Festival on the Cultural Day at the Nahnmwarki (ruler) of U's co.tnmunity meeting house (nahs). The annual feast of keid isol (end of root crops harvesti.og season) was held that day. Two otl~er regularlypracticed tribute feasts also took place.

Activities at the Festival ranged from traditional Sakau ceremonies to feasting with tributes of yams, pigs, sakau, fish and other traditional Pohnpeian dishes. Also, some displayed Pohnpeian artifacts and some performed tradi­tional Pohnpeian dances at the Festival. Despite the rainy weather conditions on March 31, about 2,000 people tum up at Festivalfrom all over Pohnpei. The HP&CADivision employees were present and documented the occasion.

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Nahlikend En Leng p. 4

Early Missionary Activity on Pohnpei

-Silica Johnson

This is the second installation of the report begun in Issue Number 2 of Nahlikend En Leng

For these reasons, the teachings of these first mis­sionaries eventually gained a popular following. By 1872 there were 518 baptized Pohnpeians (mostly untitled women). By 187 4 Pohnpei boasted its first native missionary couple, Opatinia and Obedia, who were senl to the Mortlocks. By 1886 church buJletin boasted a · "perfectly marvelous" church for nearly 1,000 011 Pingelap. On Pohnpei proper, Henry Nanpei, gran<lson of James Hadley and a eonverted Pohnpeian mother, became a pillar of the early church with his wife Karoline. Because he represented the face of change, Nanpei was both respected and loathed. In many respects, these ecumenical achievements paved the way for later colonial influences, both religious and secular.

When the Spanish arrived in 1887 bringing six Catholic Capuchin Friars, the Nahnmwarki of Kitti was quick to ask them to establish a mission at his house. The Nahnmwarki' s reasons for doing so were probably politically, rather than spiritually, motivated. He hoped to undermine Nanpei's power by aligning himself with the new Spanish/Catholic entity against the Protestant/American one represented by Nanpei. The Spanish sent the American missionaries back to the US and Catholicism now appeared the most influential faith on the island. Furthermore, Ca­tholicism was less stringent than Protestantism about sakau and tobacco . It was an appealing compromise between the old ways and the new for those who wished to forge ties with foreigners without giving up too many traditional practices.

In this way the Catholic and Protestant faiths be­came, to some degree, pawns for age-old political rivalries. Politics and religion had always been closely linked on Pohnpei, and antagonistic mu­nicipalities were quick to recognize the polarity of the Christian faiths as a pretense for battle that would gain them foreign support. Established Protestant areas .such as Debehk and Nett now faced newly Catholic rivals in Kitti and Madolenihmw under the guise of religious battle.

The issue of which new faith was to rule the island came to a head in 1898 when a Protestant teacher from Mand, angry with the Catholic Soulik of A w,.ak, decided the Catholics should be driven out. The next day Protestant forces from Mand, Madolenihmw and U fought the Catholics at Awak. for three hours. The Spanish arrested Henry Nanpei on grounds of instigation. Fighting wa:s at a stand­still until news of the Spanish-American war reached Pohnpei and provided a metaphorical catalyst for further fighting. As many as 900 troops from Kitti, U, and Madolenihmw challenged Awak, Nett, Sokehs and tbeSpanish in extended battles. During this time American whaling ships supplied arms and encouragement to the Protestants and the Catho­lic mission at Aleniang was plundered and burned. Internal division also plagued the Spanish. The Capuchins at Awak were SQ outraged by the conduct of the Spanish soldiers (which included molesting local women) that two of the three brothers left. ln 1899, the third Awak Capuchin died, and the ship E!ipana anived flying US. colors with news of their victory over the Spanish in North America, effectively ending the battle of Awak.

Together, these factors put an end to the all-out war between Catholics and Protestants on Pohnpei, but the rivalry would remain strong well into the twen­tieth century. The religious and educational poli­cies of the subsequent German, Japanese, and American administrators would continue to di­fectly and indirectly effect the balance between thesetwopowers .. Even whengovemmentsclaimed no preference for one religion or another. decisions on official language, educational policy, and favor

(wntinued Qn, ,p.5J

(continued from p.4)

itism of certain rulers or municipalities effected the ebb and flow of power between the Protestants, who were identified with Americans, and the Catho­lics, who were represented mainly by Spanish and, after 1903, the Germans. The legacy of these rocky years of the first missions is visible today, not only in structures such as the A wak church and the German bell tower in Kolonia, but in tbe continu­ing strength of Catholic and Protestant churches (Mwomwohdiso) and parochial schools.

April Island Almanac -Gene Ashby

April Average Rainfall (Kolonia): 18.0J" April Average Mean Temperature: 80.07 April Holidays: 1st, Good Priday; 3rd, Easter

1st Confederate raider ~nandoah located four Yank.ees ships in Madolenihmw harbor. 1865. Twelve Catholic Capuchin missionaries left Spain for Pohnpei, 1886. Okinawa invaded by U.S. in World War TI, 1945. College of Micronesia, F.S.M. established, 1993. 2nd Whale ship Pearl set ablaze by crew of Confed-erate Shenandoah, 1865. United nations established a strategic trusteeship in Micronesia, I 947. Bank of Guam began ful !-service operations on Pohnpci, 1984. 3rd Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands occupied by the U.S. in World War II 1944. 4th Whaler Edward Cary set ablaze by the Confed-erate raider Shenandoah, 1865 Divina Pastora, first Catholic mass 111 newly founded church. I 887. First banked opened in Kosrae, Bank of Hawaii branch, 1985. 5th Whaler Hector set aname by the Confederate ship Shenandoah, 1765. 6th Road around Sokchs which caused in insurrec­tion was begun. 1910. U.S. declared war on Germany 1917. 7th German administration implemented a new law giving private ownership of land to Pohnpeians, 1913. A U.S. Marine fired the first American shot of World War I at a German vessel at Guam. 1917. 9th Bataan fell after a 97 day siege in the Philippines in World Wru: II, 1942. 10th Whaler Harvest set ablaze by the Confeder­ate raider Shenandoah, I 865. Micronesia supporter,

(continued 011 p.6)

Nahlikend En Lengp.5

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News Shorts Mr. Takuya Nagoaka, Japanese Overseas Coop­eration Voluntcer(JOCV),hasbeenonMwoakillao since Feburary documenting the teaching and build­ing of a traditional conoe. Ms Roster L emuel went to Mwoakillao on April 4, to assist with the comple­tion of the project.

Ms Agnes Sigrah, from the Kosrea Historic Pres­ervation Office, visited Pohnpei from February 28 to March 05, to receive Federal Grant Management Training from the HP&CA Administrative Assis­tant, Ms Lotita Nelber . Ms Nelber passed on information that she recieved during the training she attended in the United States, funded by the National Parks Service. Due to the illness of the FSM National Grants Manager, Ms Nelber also assisted the FSM National HPO with tbe prepara­tion of their FY '94 Grant Proposal.

Mr. Sta nton Andrew Archaeological survey aide from the Kosrea SHPO, accompanied Ms Sigrah. He consulted and worked with the FSM Staff Archaeologist, Dr. Rufino Mauricio in prepara­tion for the field archaeological training held on Kosrae between March 11 and May 7, 1994.

Dr.Leona rdE. Mason, Dr. WilliamJ.Murrtagh and Dr. William R. C ha pman, visited Pohnpei twice during Feburary and March. From Feburary 12th to 15th they met with officials of the FSM National HPO and from March 4th to 9th they met with the State HPO and HP&CA. The purpose of the visit was to explore productive ways of braodening and strengthening historic preserva­tion and related interessts in Micronesia.

Mr. Hiroyuki Saito, JOCV arrrived on Pohnpei on April 6th to begin a month of orientation and training and will replace Mr. Takuya Nagaoka when his contract expires at the end of July 1994.

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Nahlikend l:.'11 Lengp.6

(co111inuedfrom /15) U.S. Congressman Phillip Burton, died in San Fran­cisco, 1983. 12th U.S. PresidentFranklinDelanoRooseveltdied, 1945. 13th Confederate raider Shenandoah left Pohnpei for the Arctic, 1865. First natives of Eniwetok return home after 33 years away, 1980. 14th Whale ship Nantucket left a sick seaman on Pohnpei, 1839. 16th Pleasant Island (Nauru) taken as a German protectorate, 1886. 17th Whale ship ~ of London reported up­wards of 80 whitemen on Pohnpei, 1841. U.S. Admiral D.C. Ramsey became the first High Commissioner of the U.S. Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, J 948. Runoff for the first elected Governor of Pohnpci won by Leo A. Falcam, 1979. • 18th First American bombing raid on Japan by Gen-eral Jimmy Doolittle, 1942. 19th Spam sh government founded town of Santiago on Pohnpei (Kolonia), 1887. 20th Severest typhoon in written history hit Pohnpei Mokil and Pingclap, 1905. "The wind that bent the grass." Ngatik (Sapwuahfik) received a Trust Territory charter, 1959. 21st New Pohnpei State hospital was dedicated and opened, 1978. 22nd Grant-in-aid given by Japan to pave the road around Pohnpci, 1988. 23rd Author Jack London began his South Pacific voyage, 1907 24th M.W. Guding became High Commissioner, T.T.P.l., replacing Delmas H. Nucker, 1961. Koror­Baclthuap bridge was opened for traffic, 1977. 25th Tonquin of N.Y found Kapingamarangi and

The Department of Land Division of HP&C A Pohnpei State Government P.O. Box 158 Kolonia Pohnpei, Fm 96941

Lady Barlow of Sydney charted Pingelap, 1809. Aus­tralia-New Zealand Army Day, 1915. Conference began in San Francisco to form the United Nations, 1945. 26th Dedication of Pohnpei Stale Legislature build-ing, 1975. 27th Ferdinand Magellan killed at Cebu in the Phil-ippines, 1521. 28th First Catholic church, Sacred Heart, Koror founded. 1891 in Palau. Fr. Hugh Costigan arrived in Tamoroi on Pohnpei, 1950. 29th Victor Berg, German administrator, died after excavating bones from Nan Madol, 1907. Airline of the Marshall Islands received it first airplane, 1980. 3Qth Highest monthly rainfall ever recorded in Kolonia, 39. l 2", 1942. Population of Pohnpei 2,981 males and 2,681 females, 1946. Typhoon Olive devas­tated Saipan, 1963.

This newsletter has been financed in part by the National Purks Service. However the contents and opinions in this newsletter do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of this agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commer­cial products constitute endorsement or recommendation of them.

Regulations of the US. Department of the Interior prohibit discrimination in departmental Federally Assisted Programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, age or handicap. Any person who believes he or she has been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility operated by a recipient of Federal Assistance should write to: Director, Equal Opportunity Program, US. Departrncnt of the Interior, National Parks Service, P.O. Box 37127, Washington, D.C.

20013-7127.

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