NACSO & CBNRM NACSO & CBNRM PROGRAMPROGRAM

NACSO & CBNRM

By Maxi Pia Louis

VISION 2030VISION 2030THE OVERRIDING MESSAGE

THAT THIS REPORT CONVEYS IS :

THE OVERRIDING MESSAGE THAT THIS REPORT

CONVEYS IS :

by capitalising on Namibia’s comparative advantages and providing appropriate incentives to use our natural resources in the most efficient ways possible, we will be in a better position to create a safer, healthier and more

prosperous future for all Namibians – to 2030 and beyond.

State ParksState Parks 13.7 m 13.7 m haha

CommunalCommunal

ConservanciesConservancies10.5 m 10.5 m

haha

Freehold Freehold ConservanciesConservancies 4.3 m 4.3 m

haha

Hunting farmsHunting farms 3.5 m 3.5 m haha

Private Private ReservesReserves

0.5 m 0.5 m haha

OverviewOverview

1. Introduction to NACSO1. Introduction to NACSO

2. CBNRM and Conservancy overview2. CBNRM and Conservancy overview

3. Challenges to the national CBNRM 3. Challenges to the national CBNRM programmeprogramme

1. Introduction to NACSO1. Introduction to NACSO

Who we are: Current NACSO Who we are: Current NACSO membersmembers

CRIAA SADCCRIAA SADC Desert Research Foundation of Namibia (DRFN)Desert Research Foundation of Namibia (DRFN) Legal Assistance CentreLegal Assistance Centre IRDNCIRDNC MRCC- UNAMMRCC- UNAM NACOBTANACOBTA Namibia Development Trust (NDT)Namibia Development Trust (NDT) Nyae Nyae Development FoundationNyae Nyae Development Foundation NANGOFNANGOF NNFNNF RISERISE Rössing FoundationRössing Foundation !Nara!Nara Otjozondjupa Conservancy Regional AssociationOtjozondjupa Conservancy Regional Association

A few individual membersA few individual members

MET has observer statusMET has observer status

Background to the Background to the formation of NACSOformation of NACSO

IRDNC activities since early IRDNC activities since early 1980s1980s

LIFE Programme support since LIFE Programme support since 19931993

MET legislation passed in 1996 MET legislation passed in 1996 (increased interest, demand and (increased interest, demand and stakeholders)stakeholders)

Gift to the Earth Award received Gift to the Earth Award received in 1998in 1998

Formation of NACSO (1999)Formation of NACSO (1999)

Funded by:Funded by: USAID, WWF, ……USAID, WWF, ……

Government gazette

Of the

Republic of Namibia

Windhoek - 17 June 1996 No. 1333

contents

Government Notice

No. 151 Promulgation of Nature Conservation Amendment Act, 1996

(Act 5 of 1996), of the Parliament

Founding philosophy and Founding philosophy and principlesprinciples

Voluntary Association of Voluntary Association of organisations with a CBNRM track organisations with a CBNRM track record record

To harness wide range of skills To harness wide range of skills available into synergetic nation-wide available into synergetic nation-wide supportive CBNRM movementsupportive CBNRM movement

Acknowledge that no single Acknowledge that no single institution houses all of the skills, institution houses all of the skills, resources and capacity to provide resources and capacity to provide the required multi-faceted assistance the required multi-faceted assistance to community organisationsto community organisations

Intention not to establish new Intention not to establish new implementing organisation but to implementing organisation but to improve national level coordination improve national level coordination and sharing of information and sharing of information

Small, lean and mean SecretariatSmall, lean and mean Secretariat

Founding principles Founding principles (cont.)(cont.)

Implementation roles and functions Implementation roles and functions spread out amongst members, and spread out amongst members, and Secretariat working through member Secretariat working through member organisationsorganisations

Regular review of services providedRegular review of services provided Decision-making by consensusDecision-making by consensus Differentiate between NACSO as a Differentiate between NACSO as a

support structure and the National support structure and the National CBNRM ProgrammeCBNRM Programme

Differentiate between NACSO Differentiate between NACSO Secretariat and NACSO as an Secretariat and NACSO as an associationassociation

Partners and LinkagesPartners and Linkages

2. Conservancy overview2. Conservancy overview

Where are conservancies in Namibia?Where are conservancies in Namibia?

50 Conservancies gazetted to date

Around 118,704 km2, representing 39.8 % of Namibia, now falls within communal area conservancies

220,620 people living in conservancies

Conservancy Support Conservancy Support ActivitiesActivities

Natural Resource Natural Resource ManagementManagement

Institutional Institutional Development and Development and Capacity buildingCapacity building

Business and Business and Enterprise Enterprise DevelopmentDevelopment

Social, institutional Social, institutional and Governanceand Governance

Mobilization of Mobilization of diverse diverse communitiescommunities

Capacity builtCapacity built

AdvocacyAdvocacy

Institutional Development Institutional Development and Capacity Buildingand Capacity Building

Managing conservancy assets:•Wildlife•Natural Resources•Tourism•Finances•Staff & assets•Communication•Legal•HIV & AIDS

Getting registered:•Boundaries•Membership•Committee•Constitution•Management and monitoring

Development of Conservancy NR Development of Conservancy NR ManagementManagement

& Monitoring Systems & Monitoring Systems

Monitoring

Land use planning

Game use & reintroduction

Diversify beyond wildlife

SAVE OUR PEOPLE!

SAVE OUR RESOURCES!

SAVE OUR NATION!

WHAT ARE THE IMPACTSWHAT ARE THE IMPACTS

AS MUCH AS HIV AND AIDS ARE AS MUCH AS HIV AND AIDS ARE IMPACTING ON THE ROGRAM, THE IMPACTING ON THE ROGRAM, THE CBNRM PROGRAM IS ADVERSELY CBNRM PROGRAM IS ADVERSELY IMPACTING ON THE PANDEMIC:IMPACTING ON THE PANDEMIC:

Why?Why? On organizational staff are migrant workers.On organizational staff are migrant workers. Conservancy staff are migrant workers.Conservancy staff are migrant workers. We are bringing development to the people.We are bringing development to the people. We are changing the economic environment of people.We are changing the economic environment of people. We are changing the social environment of people.We are changing the social environment of people. We are creating exchange opportunitiesWe are creating exchange opportunities

THE IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS THE IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS ON OUR PROGRAMON OUR PROGRAM

ON ORGANIZATION LEVEL:ON ORGANIZATION LEVEL:• AbsenteeismAbsenteeism• Low work productionLow work production• Loss of working hoursLoss of working hours• Reduction in organizational incomeReduction in organizational income• Extra burden on other staff.Extra burden on other staff.• StigmaStigma• Discrimination.Discrimination.• Loss of organizational capacity.Loss of organizational capacity.• Loss of skills and so many othersLoss of skills and so many others

IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS ON IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS ON THE CONSERVANCIES:THE CONSERVANCIES:

• Absenteeism from conservancy activities.Absenteeism from conservancy activities.• Loss of working hoursLoss of working hours• Loss of skills.Loss of skills.• Loss of expertise.Loss of expertise.• Loss of indigenous knowledge.Loss of indigenous knowledge.• Loss of conservancy management.Loss of conservancy management.• Loss of conservancy income.Loss of conservancy income.• Loss of community support.Loss of community support.• Conservancy breakdown.Conservancy breakdown.

IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS ON IMPACTS OF HIV AND AIDS ON NATURAL RESOURCES:NATURAL RESOURCES:

Exploitation of resources.Exploitation of resources. Over utilization of resources such as:Over utilization of resources such as: GrassGrass WoodWood Medicinal plantsMedicinal plants Game pouchingGame pouching DesertificationDesertification Land GrabbingLand Grabbing

HOW DO WE MITIGATE HOW DO WE MITIGATE IMPACTS?IMPACTS?MAKING HIV AND AIDS PART AND PARCEL OF MAKING HIV AND AIDS PART AND PARCEL OF

WHAT WE ARE DOING!!WHAT WE ARE DOING!!MAINSTREAMING IT INTO THE CBNRM MAINSTREAMING IT INTO THE CBNRM

PROGRAM.PROGRAM.

OUR MITIGATION STRATEGIES:OUR MITIGATION STRATEGIES: Establishment of HIV and AIDS structures within the Establishment of HIV and AIDS structures within the

already existing CBNRM program.already existing CBNRM program. HIV and AIDS Policies in place.HIV and AIDS Policies in place. HIV and AIDS Programs in place at NGO, conservancy and HIV and AIDS Programs in place at NGO, conservancy and

community levels.community levels. Active awareness raisingActive awareness raising TOT trainings and transformation of informationTOT trainings and transformation of information Breaking down stigma and discrimination.Breaking down stigma and discrimination. Networking and linkages with other partnersNetworking and linkages with other partners Monitoring of our natural resources.Monitoring of our natural resources. Establishing of social support structures.Establishing of social support structures. Program monitoring and evaluation.Program monitoring and evaluation.

Tourism Tourism Developments& Developments&

MarketingMarketing

Campsites, crafts, guiding

Joint Venture Lodges

Namibia National CBNRM Namibia National CBNRM Program Program

2006 Benefits2006 BenefitsCBNRM Program Benefits 1994 - 2006

0

4,000,000

8,000,000

12,000,000

16,000,000

20,000,000

24,000,000

28,000,000

32,000,000

Year

N$

Conservancy Non-Financial Benefits NR-based Household/Wage IncomeConservancy / Enterprise Committee Income

US$3,983,430

CBNRM Program 2006 - Source of Benefits

Joint Venture Tourism40%

Trophy Hunting23%

Campsites/CBTEs14%

Shoot and Sell2%

Premium Hunting0%

Live Game Sale0%

Thatching Grass9%

Game Meat Dist.3%

Game Donation3%

Interest Earned1%

Own Use Game3%

Crafts2%

Veld products0%

5. Key Challenges5. Key Challenges

Challenges for The Conservancy Challenges for The Conservancy ProgramProgram

• Improving Local Governance

• Low Literacy Levels in Communal Areas

• Poor Understanding of Business Management

• Overstretched Capacity• Agricultural Subsidies

• Continued Improvement of Conservation Policies

• Finding Common Ground to Bridge Cultural Diversities

• Human Wildlife Conflicts

ConclusionsConclusions

CBNRM and conservancies are an ideal mechanism to promote rural CBNRM and conservancies are an ideal mechanism to promote rural development because they:development because they:

bring new and potentially large sources of income to poor rural peoplebring new and potentially large sources of income to poor rural people

are excellent entry points for all forms of rural development because are excellent entry points for all forms of rural development because of the institutional mechanisms already in placeof the institutional mechanisms already in place

are excellent entry points for integrated land and natural resource are excellent entry points for integrated land and natural resource management initiativesmanagement initiatives

promote good governance and democracy at local levelspromote good governance and democracy at local levels

offer entry points for capacity-building, empowerment and skills offer entry points for capacity-building, empowerment and skills transfertransfer

deliver real OUTCOMES to local and national development objectives.deliver real OUTCOMES to local and national development objectives.

Thank you!Thank you!