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NAC Meeting May 14, 2012
This Presentation
• Roadway alternatives performance assessment/summary of results.
• Access and access management.• Cost comparison.
215’
600’
900’
740’
950’
210’
175’ Legend
Lane Use
Traffic Control
Storage Length (ft.)
2008 Average Daily Traffic
2025 Average Daily Traffic
XXX’
Kolb Rd.
Valencia Rd.
N
19,406
45,462
29,543
15,935
XX,XXX
24‐hour two‐way traffic volumes, collected Wednesday, March 26, 2008.
Source: Kolb Road / Valencia Road Intersection Final Traffic Engineering Study, prepared by Kimley‐Horn and Associates, Inc., June 2008, prepared for Pima County Department of Transportation.
2025 traffic volumes estimated.
69,000
35,000
85,600
59,900
XX,XXX
Existing Conditions
2011 Turning Movement Volumes AM (PM) Peak-Hours
Valencia Road
Kolb
Roa
d
1,34
1 (5
89)
521
(590
)25
4(5
95)
29 (1
6)59
7 (5
60)
20 (1
34)
655 (373)501 (180)26 (41)
647 (990)227 (382)
20 (11)N
BA
ppro
ach
646
(710
)
SBA
ppro
ach
2,11
6 (1
,774
)
EBApproach894 (1,383)
WBApproach1,182 (594)
Total VehiclesAM = 4,838PM = 4,461
Source: Pima County Department of Transportation, May 5, 2011.
Numbers shown in red font represent high volume movements at the intersection.
N
Level of Service (LOS)
• Grading scale used to define traffic operations.• Based on delay per vehicle (seconds/veh.)• LOS A = best• LOS D typically used as design criterion• LOS E = capacity• LOS F = worst (over capacity)
Delay (s/veh)
LOS Description
< 10 A Very low delay. Many vehicles do not stop.
>10‐20 B Low delay, but more vehicles stop than LOS A.
>20‐35 C Moderate delay. Number of cars stopping starts to become significant.
>35‐55 D Longer delays. Many vehicles stop. Not all vehicles clear every signal cycle.
>55‐80 E High delay. Signal cycle failures are frequent. Limit of acceptable delay.
>80 F Very high delay, unacceptable to many drivers. Many signal cycle failures.
PM Photos
Northbound
Eastbound Southbound
PM 2011 Traffic
AM Performance StatisticsTotal Delay (hr): 56.0 Delay/Vehicle (s/veh): 41.8Total Stops: 3,305Stops/Vehicle: 0.68Total Vehicles: 4,821
PM Performance StatisticsTotal Delay (hr): 93.0Delay/Vehicle (s/veh): 75.7Total Stops: 4,624Stops/Vehicle: 1.05Total Vehicles: 4,439
Existing Condition2011 Volumes
N
Note: Level of Service (LOS)Shown AM (PM)
LEVEL OF SERVICE BY MOVEMENT
E(E
)D
(E)
D(D
)
Valencia Road
Kolb Roa
dIntersection LOS
AM = DPM = E
120 sec. Cycle Length
“One potential treatment to combat congestion and safety problems at intersections is the Median U‐Turn Intersection, which has been used in Michigan for many years and has been implemented successfully in Florida, Maryland, New Jersey, and Louisiana in recent years”
• Conflict points at a 4‐leg signalized intersection are reduced from 32 to 16.
• Eliminates crossing left‐turn conflict points.• Observations compared to conventional 4‐leg
intersection:– 60 percent reduction in total crashes.– 75 percent reduction in total injuries.– 17 percent reduction in rear‐end crashes.– 96 percent reduction in angle crashes.– 61 percent reduction in sideswipe crashes.
Indirect Left‐Turns
PAGI Northern Alignment
PM 2011 Traffic
A(B)
D(C)
B(A)B(B)
A(A)
A(A
)A
(A)
B(B
)
A(B
)A
(A)
B(A
)
A(B)
C(B
)
A(C)A(C) B
(A)
AM Performance StatisticsTotal Delay (hr): 28.4 Delay/Vehicle (s/veh): 21.2Total Stops: 3,092Stops/Vehicle: 0.6Total Vehicles: 4,819
PM Performance StatisticsTotal Delay (hr): 28.6Delay/Vehicle (s/veh): 23.3Total Stops: 3,077Stops/Vehicle: 0.7Total Vehicles: 4,422
PAGI Northern Alignment2011 Volumes
N
Note: Level of Service (LOS) Shown AM (PM)
LEVEL OF SERVICE BY MOVEMENT
Kolb Roa
d
90 sec. Cycle Length
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
AM PM
Delay Per Veh
icle (Sec/Ve
h)
Delay Per Vehicle Comparison By Alternative ‐2011 Volumes
Existing Condition PAGI North
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
AM PM
Stop
s Per Veh
icle
Stops Per Vehicle Comparison By Alternative ‐2011 Volumes
Existing Condition PAGI North
0102030405060708090
100
AM PM
Total D
elay (H
r)
Total Delay Comparison By Alternative ‐2011 Volumes
Existing Condition PAGI North
0500
1,0001,5002,0002,5003,0003,5004,0004,5005,000
AM PM
Total Stops
Total Stops Comparison By Alternative ‐2011 Volumes
Existing Condition PAGI North
LOS D
LOS E
LOS C LOS C
Design Year 2025 Traffic VolumesDesign Volumes AM (PM) Peak-Hours
Valencia Road
Kolb
Roa
d
640
(750
)87
0 (8
80)
690
(1,0
10)
30 (5
0)84
0 (8
60)
280
(860
)
1,060 (940)2,720 (1,580)680 (510)
710 (930)1,300 (2,930)
50 (40)N
BA
ppro
ach
1,15
0 (1
,770
)
SBA
ppro
ach
2,20
0 (2
,640
)
EBApproach
2,060 (3,900)
WBApproach
4,460 (3,030)
Design Year Total Vehicles
AM = 9,870PM = 11,340
N
2011Total Vehicles
AM = 4,838PM = 4,461
Source: Pima Association of Governments, 2011.
Numbers shown in red font represent high volume movements at the intersection.
Performance Criteria
• Provide LOS D or better for all major traffic movements using design volumes (year 2025).
• Compare alternative concepts based on LOS, delay, and vehicle stops.
Northern Alignment
• Previous studies could not identify an alternative that met performance criteria for design traffic volumes.
• High cost of previous alternatives was a major issue.• The proposed concept satisfies performance criteria at an affordable cost.– Parkway At Grade Intersection (PAGI)
• At‐grade (not grade separated)• Based on Indirect Left‐Turn Concept, with additional access roads (ramps).
• Safer and more effective than conventional intersections.
PAGI Northern Alignment
PM 2025 Design Traffic
B(C)
C(D)
C(B)B(B)
D(D)
B(B
)A
(A)
D(D
)
C(C
)B
(C)
B(A
)
AM Performance StatisticsTotal Delay (hr): 98.1 Delay/Vehicle (s/veh): 36.0Total Stops: 8,048Stops/Vehicle: 0.8Total Vehicles: 9,813
PM Performance StatisticsTotal Delay (hr): 141.5Delay/Vehicle (s/veh): 45.2Total Stops: 11,158Stops/Vehicle: 1.0Total Vehicles: 11,271
A(A)
C(C
)
A(B)C(C) C
(D)
PAGI w/3 Ramps2025 Design Volumes
N
Note: Level of Service (LOS) Shown AM (PM)
LEVEL OF SERVICE BY MOVEMENT
Kolb Roa
d
120 sec. Cycle Length
Southern Alignment
• Concept diverts traffic to new southern alignment, and splits demand between two main intersections.
• As much as 52 percent of 2025 traffic would be diverted south.
• Several concepts tested for new southern intersection.
Conventional Intersection DesignSouthern Alignment
PM 2025 Design Traffic
AM Performance StatisticsTotal Delay (hrs): 221.4 Delay/Vehicle (s/veh): 80.4Total Stops: 13,774Stops/Vehicle: 1.4Total Vehicles: 9,917
PM Performance StatisticsTotal Delay (hrs): 453.0Delay/Vehicle (s/veh): 144.2Total Stops: 22,831Stops/Vehicle: 2.0Total Vehicles: 11,308
Conventional Intersection DesignSouthern Alignment2025 Design Volumes
N
Note: Level of Service (LOS)Shown AM (PM)
** Minimal volume assumed forthis movement in this alternative
LEVEL OF SERVICE BY MOVEMENT
E(F
)F(
F)C
(F)
** B(C
)B
(B) Kolb Roa
d
290’
Continuous Flow Intersection(CFI)
CFI Southern AlignmentPM 2025 Design Traffic
AM Performance StatisticsTotal Delay (hrs): 159.7 Delay/Vehicle (s/veh): 57.8Total Stops: 10,821Stops/Vehicle: 1.1Total Vehicles: 9,943
PM Performance StatisticsTotal Delay (hrs): 224.3Delay/Vehicle (s/veh): 71.6Total Stops: 14,212Stops/Vehicle: 1.3Total Vehicles: 11,278
CFISouthern Alignment2025 Design Volumes
N
LEVEL OF SERVICE BY MOVEMENT
*(*)
B(B
)A
(A)
Kolb Roa
d
Note: Level of Service (LOS)Shown AM (PM)
** Minimal volume assumed forthis movement in this alternative
C(A
)D
(D)
A(A
)B(B)
C(D)
0.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.0
100.0110.0120.0130.0140.0150.0
AM PM
Delay Per Veh
icle (Sec/Ve
h)
Delay Per Vehicle Comparison By Alternative 2025 Design Volumes
PAGI North CFI South Conventional South
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
AM PM
Stop
s Per Veh
icle
Stops Per Vehicle Comparison By Alternative 2025 Design Volumes
PAGI North CFI South Conventional South
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
AM PM
Total D
elay (H
r)
Total Delay Comparison By Alternative 2025 Design Volumes
PAGI North CFI South Conventional South
02,0004,0006,0008,000
10,00012,00014,00016,00018,00020,00022,00024,000
AM PM
Total Stops
Total Stops Comparison By Alternative 2025 Design Volumes
PAGI North CFI South Conventional South
LOS DLOS D
LOS ELOS E
LOS F
LOS F
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Delay Ratio
Total Delay Comparison (AM + PM) By Alternative ‐ 2025 Design Volumes
PAGI North CFI South Conventional South
60% Higher
281% Higher
Access • Northern alignment PAGI
– Driveway friendly: Allows extensive use of right‐in right‐out access.– Median openings allow access to properties on opposite side of street.– Provides a safer, more effective access approach.– Maintains or improves existing access.– Some access restrictions do exist
• Southern alignment CFI– Generally maintains existing access on northern alignment.– Also allows extensive use of right‐in right‐out access on southern
alignment.– Median openings for U‐turns would provide cross‐street access.– Access restrictions do exist.
Existing AccessS. M
ann Av.
S. M
cCulloch
Dr.
E. Southpoint Rd.
Valencia Rd.
Kolb Rd.
Potentially relocate McCulloch Dr.
Potential Development Access Locations for Consideration.
5‐14‐2012
Restricted access through merge length.
Northern Alignment
Southern Alignment w/CFI
Potential Development Access Locations for Consideration.
5‐14‐2012
Restricted access through merge length (1,100 – 1,200 ft.)
Cost Comparison of Alternatives
• Estimated Cost of Construction • Other costs associated with project• Signing, Striping, Signals, Traffic Control, etc.• Right‐of‐way Acquisition = 9‐10 acres• Design and Survey• Construction Administration = 8% of construction costs• 20% Project Cost Contingency
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Delay Ratio
Total Delay Comparison (AM + PM) By Alternative ‐ 2025 Design Volumes
PAGI North CFI South Conventional South
Cost Comparison of Alternatives
Construction EstimateDrainage = $980,000Earthwork = $685,000Roadway = $5,220,000Other = $9,115,000Total Project Cost = $16.0 M
Northern Alignment – PAGI
Construction EstimateDrainage = $1,970,000 (+101%)Earthwork = $1,240,000 (+81%)Roadway = $7,540,000 (+44%)Other = $11,650,000 (+28%) Total Project Cost = $22.4 M (+40%)
Southern Alignment ‐Conventional Intersection
Cost Comparison of Alternatives
Construction EstimateDrainage = $2,180,000 (+122%)Earthwork = $1,240,000 (+81%)Roadway = $7,960,000 (+52%)Other = $12,320,000 (+35%)Total Project Cost = $23.7 M (+48%)
Southern Alignment ‐Continuous Flow Intersection
Cost Comparison of Alternatives
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Delay Ratio
Total Delay Comparison (AM + PM) By Alternative ‐ 2025 Design Volumes
PAGI North CFI South Conventional South
$16.0 M $23.7 M $22.4 M
Cost Comparison of Alternatives
60% Higher
281% Higher
The End