Name Antarctic Journal

Comprehension 349

Main Idea and Details • Themain ideatellsthemostimportantideafromaparagraph,passage,orarticle.

• Detailsaresmallpiecesofinformationthattellmoreaboutthemainidea.

Directions Read the following article. Then complete the diagram by finding the main idea and the details that support it.

Although Antarctica is far away from the rest of the world, scientists know

a great deal about it. They have explored the continent and walked upon its ice. They have discovered mountain ranges and mapped them out. Scientists have even studied hidden features of Antarctica that

exist underneath the ice. Now equipment that uses radio-echo sounding technology can determine what these features look like. The knowledge scientists have gained has encouraged tourists to see the continent for themselves.

Main Idea1.

Detail5.

Detail2.

Detail3.

Detail4.

Home Activity Yourchildusedagraphicorganizertodeterminethemainideaandsupportingdetailsinanarticle.Discussaplaceyourchildknowswell.Havehimorherwriteaparagraphabouttheplace,includingamainideaanddetailsthatsupportit.

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350  Writing  Argument/Persuasive Advertisement�

Antarctic Journal

Writing • Argument/Persuasive AdKey Features of an Argument/Persuasive Advertisement

• grabs reader’s attention

• takes a position, or makes a claim about a product, service, or idea

• provides reasons that are supported by evidence, such as facts and details

• develops an argument to urge readers to take action or make a purchase

Do�you�love�outdoor�adventures?�Would�you�like�to�backpack,�hike,�

and�fish�in�a�wilderness�area?�Visit�Davy�Crockett�National�Forest�in�Texas�for�the�most�exciting�trip�you’ll�ever�take!

Start�your�journey�by�backpacking�through�miles�of�trails�that�wind�through�the�scenic�woods.�Make�sure�you�have�a�trail�map,�since�it’s�easy�to�get�lost!�No�motorized�vehicles�are�allowed�in�parts�of�the�forest.�You’ll�enjoy�peace�and�quiet�while�observing�various�species�of�wildlife�that�live�in�the�forest.�You�may�even�see�some�dangerous�wild�animals.�If�you�do,�keep�your�distance!

Later�in�the�day,�when�you�reach�one�of�the�many�lakes�within�the�forest,�take�out�your�fishing�gear.�Try�catching�some�of�the�fish�who�make�the�lakes�their�home.��

You’ll�probably�hook�several�largemouth�bass�or�bowfin.�However,�catching�a�“big�one”�won’t�be�easy!�Expect�a�tough�fight�that�tests�your�fishing�skills.

Then,�as�the�sun�sets,�cook�your�fresh�fish�over�an�open�fire.�You’ll�never�forget�your�fabulous�picnic�dinner�in�this�incredible�setting.

Finally,�at�the�end�of�a�challenging�day,�snuggle�into�your�sleeping�bag�and�listen�to�the�soothing�sound�of�whispering�trees.�You�may�also�hear�the�noises�of�nocturnal�animals�scampering�about�nearby!

For�the�outdoor�adventure�of�a�lifetime,�camp�in�Davy�Crockett�National�Forest!�Campsites�are�limited.�Reserve�today.

1.� What�is�the�writer’s�position�about�visiting�Davy�Crockett�National�Forest?

2.� What�details�urge�you�as�a�reader�to�take�action?

Visit Davy Crockett National Forest!

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Name Antarctic Journal

Vocabulary 351

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Home Activity Your child identified and used vocabulary words from Antarctic Journal: Four Months at the Bottom of the World. Together, create a crossword puzzle using the words from the selection.

VocabularyDirections Choose the word from the box that best matches each definition. Write the word on the line.

1. to go away

2. large masses of ice floating in the sea

3. expectation

4. rises and falls alternately

5. causing fear or dislike

Directions Choose the word from the box that best completes each sentence. Write the word on the line shown to the left.

6. Antarctica is a on our planet.

7. Scientists are studying the of two large sheets of ice.

8. I could barely stand the of seeing my first whale.

9. The ship had to make sure to avoid any floating .

10. We have to from Antarctica tomorrow.

Write a Journal EntryWrite a journal entry you might make after sailing across icy waters to Antarctica. Use as many vocabulary words as you can.

Check the Words You Know

anticipationforbiddingcontinentheavesicebergsconvergencedepart

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Home Activity Your child learned about time order words. Ask your child to give you examples of how he or she makes something. Have your child identify the time order words he or she uses.

352 Conventions Time Order Words

Time Order WordsTime order words and phrases link related events and ideas together. They indicate a specific organization pattern. Time order words and phrases include words such as meanwhile, first, before long, later on, soon, earlier, next, and as soon as.

First,we flew to Santiago; next, we flew to Punta Arenas.

I began to set up camp, and meanwhile, the ice around me began to crack.

Directions Underline the time order word or words in each sentence.

1. After we received my clothing, we boarded our ship.

2. First, I explored my tiny cabin; later, I explored the ship’s deck.

3. The whales have to pass before we turn the engines on again.

4. Monday afternoon, I watched the penguins; earlier, the sea was full

of whales.

5. I listened to the loud cracking sounds, and meanwhile, the sky began

to glow.

Directions Choose a time order word in ( ) which correctly completes each sentence. Write the word on the line.

6. I slipped on two pairs of socks, and , I put on the heavy boots. (next, first)

7. When I left, snow was beginning to fall, and , it turned into a blizzard. (later, earlier)

8. I knew that, , someone would come looking for me. (before long, as soon as)

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Home Activity Your child wrote words with Latin roots. Use the list words in sentences and have your child spell the words.

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Spelling Latin Roots 353

Latin Roots

Words in Context Write a list word to complete each sentence.

1. Please turn off your cell phone so it doesn’t ____ the movie.

2. Scientists say the volcano will ____ any day now.

3. The explosion was caused by a ____ in the gas line.

4. His ____ departure surprised everyone.

5. It is not polite to ____ when someone is speaking.

6. The company lost all its customers and went ____.

7. We ____ tractors to Thailand.

8. We ____ toys from China.

9. The girls bought a ____ stove for their camping trip.

10. The jumbo jet will ____ us across the ocean.

11. You must have a ____ to visit a foreign country.

12. Jason might ____ his shoulder if he lifts the heavy crate.

13. Fresh fruits and vegetables were sold ____.

14. The manager hopes moving to a new ____ will improve business.

15. Were you able to ____ your missing shoe?

Definitions Write the list word that matches each definition.

16. a book that tells how to say words

17. to make a statement of disagreement

18. a jury’s statement of guilt or innocence

19. to speak words aloud for someone to write down

20. to say what will happen in the future

Spelling Wordsdictionaryverdictdictatecontradict

abruptlocatelocationrupture

predictportableeruptinterrupt

importtransportpassportdisrupt

locallybankruptexportdislocate

1. ___________

2. ___________

3. ___________

4. ___________

5. ___________

6. ___________

7. ___________

8. ___________

9. ___________

10. ___________

11. ___________

12. ___________

13. ___________

14. ___________

15. ___________

16. ______________

17. ______________

18. ______________

19. ______________

20. ______________

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354 Writing Plan

Antarctic Journal

Title

A.

1.

2.

3.

B.

1.

2.

3.

C.

1.

2.

3.

Outline Form A

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Name Antarctic Journal

Vocabulary 355

Vocabulary • Greek and Latin Affixes • ManyEnglishwordshaveGreek or Latin parts.Whenyouseeanunknownword,you

canusewhatyouknowaboutGreekandLatintohelpyoufigureouttheword’smeaning.

• TheLatinprefixcom-orcon-means“with”or“together.”TheLatinprefixde-means“awayfrom.”TheLatinprefixanti-means“against”or“before.”

Directions Read the following passage. Then answer the questions below.

Never had the scientists felt such cold. Yesterday, they had departed from

Christchurch, New Zealand. During the night, they felt the temperature drop, and their anticipation turned to tough reality. Antarctica, they knew, would show them the convergence between nature’s beauty

and its power to threaten life. They would be staying there for several months to compile information about the ecosystem. Something was destroying the natural food chain, and the scientists did not have much time to figure it out.

1. How does the prefix in depart help you to figure out its meaning?

2. What is the meaning of convergence?

3. Define the word compile.

4. De- and con- have nearly opposite meanings. Think about the meaning of destroying, and then write a word that means the opposite and uses the prefix con-.

5. What is the meaning of anticipation?

Home Activity YourchildusedknowledgeaboutLatinandGreekprefixestoidentifythemeaningsofwords.Together,useadictionarytofindotherwordsthatusethecon-, com-, anti-,orde-prefixdefinitionsmentionedabove.

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Name Antarctic Journal

356 Research and Study Skills

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SQP3R • SQP3R is a study skill that can help you when reading. Here’s what it means:

• Survey: Look at the title, author, chapter headings, and illustrations to get an idea of what you are about to read.

• Question: Generate questions you want answered when reading the text.

• Predict: Try to imagine what the text you’re going to read is about.

• Read: Read the text, keeping in mind your predictions and questions.

• Recite: Recite or write down what you learned from reading the text.

• Review: Look back at the text, the predictions you made, the questions you posed, the answers you found in the text, and the information you learned from your reading.

Directions Look at the illustration and read the information below. Follow the SQP3R method.

Glaciers: Wonders in Ice Three layers make up what are called true glaciers. First, there is a layer of snow on top. The next layer is made of an ice and snow mixture. Finally, solid ice forms the bottom layer. There are also cracks called crevasses that appear while the glacier is moving. Some glaciers move very slowly, so slowly it is hard to tell, while others may move a few hundred feet in a day. It is this movement of the massive ice that makes the unique features of the land. Giant mountain peaks, lakes, and valleys are all results of glaciers that moved and eroded away the land years in the past.

You can visit glaciers but it is not recommended that you walk on them. Deep crevasses may be underneath the snow, making them hard to see. Trained people who have experience with climbing mountains and glaciers, and have special tools, like a rope, crampons, and an ice axe, are better equipped to do this kind of exploring. People who travel on glaciers should never go alone.

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Research and Study Skills 357

Directions Use the information to answer the following questions.

1. After surveying the title and illustration, did you think the information would be fiction or nonfiction?

2. What are two questions you had before reading?

3. Before reading what did you predict the text would be about?

4. How far do some glaciers move in a day?

5. What is the middle layer in a glacier made up of?

6. What makes the unique features of the land?

7. Why is walking on a glacier dangerous?

8. What did you learn from this text that you did not know before?

9. How does making predictions before you read help you?

10. How does reviewing your questions and information help you?

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Home Activity Your child learned about the SQP3R study method. Choose a fictional story to read. Have your child apply the study method to the story. Ask your child to explain how the study method differed when using it with fiction instead of nonfiction.

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Home Activity Your child identified misspelled list words. Have your child dictate list words as you spell them. Make some mistakes and have your child correct your misspellings.

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358 Spelling Latin Roots

Latin RootsProofread a Sign The sign at the airport terminal has some errors. Circle six misspelled words and write them correctly on the lines. Find the sentence with a punctuation error and write it correctly.

Transworld Transport

Departing Passengers:

Up on arrival please have your pass port and ticket ready.

Airline rules ditate that all heavy luggage must be checked.

Keep carry-on and portible luggage with you at all times.

Locat your gate immediately.

Stay in the proper location until your flight is called

Do not desrupt other passengers with loud cell phone conversations or loud music.

1. _______________ 2. _______________

3. _______________ 4. _______________

5. _______________ 6. _______________

7. ________________________________________________

________________________________________________

Proofread Words Circle the word that is spelled correctly. Write it.

8. The jury’s ____ was not guilty. verdik verdict 9. The new evidence seemed to ____ the accepted theory. contradict contridict 10. Businesses that do not keep up with the times are likely

to go ____. bankrup bankrupt

Frequently Misspelled

Words

didn’t upon

dictionaryabruptpredictimportlocallyverdictlocateportabletransportbankrupt

dictatelocationeruptpassportexportcontradictruptureinterruptdisruptdislocate

Spelling Words

8. _____________

9. _____________

10. _____________

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Conventions Time Order Words 359

Home Activity Your child prepared for taking tests on time order words. Have your child write a list of five time order words. Then ask your child to write a paragraph using the words in the correct time order.

Antarctic Journal

Time Order WordsDirections Read the passage. Then read each question. Circle the letter of the correct answer.

Survival Snow Shelter(1) Antarctic weather can change from nice to dangerous, so last, learn how to build a snow

shelter. (2) Throw everything you have, except the shovel, in a big pile. (3) After, shovel lots of snow on top of your gear. (4) Before you have completely buried your gear, climb up onto the pile and stamp the snow solid. (5) Then, build a tunnel into your gear. (6) Next, drag your gear piece by piece out of the tunnel. (7) Meanwhile, crawl into the tunnel and wait out the storm!

1 What change, if any, should be made in sentence 1?

A Change last to in an instant.

B Change last to first.

C Change last to later.

D Make no change.

2 What change, if any, should be made in sentence 3?

A Change After to Soon.

B Change After to First.

C Change After to Next.

D Make no change.

3 What change, if any, should be made in sentence 4?

A Change Before to After.

B Change Before to First.

C Change Before to Meanwhile.

D Make no change.

4 What change, if any, should be made in sentence 6?

A Change the Next to Third.

B Change Next to Sometime.

C Change the Next to Next to last.

D Make no change.

5 What change, if any, should be made in sentence 7?

A Change Meanwhile to Soon.

B Change Meanwhile to Finally.

C Change Meanwhile to In the meantime.

D Make no change.

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