53
ERB Workshop 13 th -16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the EarthCARE BBR Almudena Velazquez, Nicolas Clerbaux, Alessandro Ipe , Luis Gonzalez, Steven Dewitte, Edward Baudrez, Ilse Decoster, Stijn Nevens, Patrick Vandermeulen (RMIB) Jacqueline E. Russell, Helen Brindley (ICL)

n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

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Page 1: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Un

filt

erin

g S

tud

y f

or t

he E

arth

CA

RE B

BR

A

lmudena V

ela

zquez, N

icola

s C

lerb

aux,

Ale

ssandro

Ipe ,

Luis

Gonzale

z,

Ste

ven D

ew

itte

, Edw

ard

Baudre

z,

Ilse D

ecoste

r, S

tijn

Nevens,

Patr

ick

Vanderm

eule

n

(RM

IB)

Jacqueline E

. R

ussell,

Hele

n B

rindle

y (

ICL)

Page 2: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Outl

ine

● O

verv

iew

: E

art

hC

AR

E m

issio

n

● B

BR

Con

fig

ura

tion

● S

pectr

al R

esp

onse

● S

en

sit

ivit

y S

tudy

● R

esult

s:

● G

eoty

pe d

ata

base g

enera

tion

● C

on

tam

inati

on

s● S

tand

alo

ne u

nfilt

eri

ng

● M

SI based

un

filt

eri

ng

● Q

uanti

ficati

on

of

the u

nfilt

eri

ng

err

or

● R

ecom

men

dati

on

s o

n t

he a

lgori

thm

Page 3: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Eart

hC

AR

E is t

he s

ixth

Eart

h E

xplo

rer

Mis

sio

n o

f th

e E

SA

Liv

ing P

lanet

Pro

gra

m.

Ob

jecti

ves:

Enable

advances in c

lim

ate

modeling b

y s

imult

aneous o

bserv

ati

on o

f aero

sol and c

loud

pro

pert

ies a

nd t

he r

adia

tion a

nd h

ydro

logic

al cycle

para

mete

rs.

Sp

ace s

eg

men

t:

•B

ackscatt

er

Lid

ar

(ATLID

) -

ESA

Hig

h-s

pectr

al re

solu

tion a

nd d

epola

risati

on

•C

loud P

rofiling R

adar

(CPR

) -

JAX

A/N

ICT -

36

dB

Z s

ensit

ivit

y, 5

00

m v

ert

ical

range,

Dopple

r •

Mult

i-Spectr

al Im

ager

(MSI)

- E

SA

7 c

hannels

, 1

50

km

sw

ath

, 5

00

m p

ixel

•B

roadband R

adio

mete

r (B

BR

) -

ESA

2 c

hannels

, 3

vie

ws (

nadir

, fo

re a

nd a

ft)

Orb

it:

Su

n-s

yn

ch

ron

ou

s,

DN

10:3

0

Heig

ht:

450 k

m

Lif

eti

me:

2(+

1)

years

Eart

hC

AR

E m

issio

n

Page 4: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Page 5: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Stu

dy o

bje

cti

ves

Pro

vid

e

the

unfilt

eri

ng

alg

ori

thm

s

& c

oeff

icie

nts

for

the B

BR

ATB

D o

f th

e U

nfilt

eri

ng p

rocess

Genera

te a

nd d

eliver

SW

and L

W

radia

tive

transfe

r sim

ula

tion

data

bases

Pro

vid

e

the

conta

min

ati

on

coeff

icie

nts

fo

r SW

and

“LW

channels

.

End t

o e

nd e

rror

analy

sis

Page 6: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

BB

R S

pectr

al re

sponse

Sin

gle

mir

ror

tele

scope

Mir

ror

coati

ng:

alu

min

ium

Quart

z f

ilte

r fo

r SW

No d

ata

at

λ >

50 µ

m

Com

pari

son w

ith G

ER

B a

nd C

ER

ES

Bett

er

in t

he “

blu

e”

Wors

e in t

he n

ear-

IR

Page 7: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

BB

R s

pectr

al re

sponse

No d

ata

at λ

> 5

0 µ

m

●th

e m

irro

r re

flect

ivity

has

bee

n

extr

apola

ted a

t a

const

ant

valu

e

μμ

from

50

m t

o 5

00

m

●th

e det

ecto

r is

ass

um

ed t

o

dec

reas

e in

res

ponse

(lin

earl

y)

μμ

from

50

m t

o z

ero a

t 500

m

●th

e quar

tz s

ilver

tra

nsm

issi

on is

set

to t

he

one

from

GER

B for

μw

avel

engh

ts b

eyond 5

0

m

Page 8: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Unfilt

eri

ng

pro

cess

Obje

cti

ve:

esti

mate

th

e

reflecte

d

sola

r and

em

itte

d

therm

al

BB

ra

dia

nce

from

th

e B

BR

measure

ments

Meth

od:

based on th

eore

tical

sim

ula

ted

filt

ere

d a

nd u

nfilt

ere

d r

adia

nces

Esti

mati

on o

f th

e L

W a

s TO

T –

A S

W

Substr

acti

on o

f th

e c

onta

min

ati

ons

Based o

n t

he B

BR

measure

ments

Unfilt

eri

ng

by

mult

iplicati

on

wit

h

the

“unfilt

eri

ng f

acto

r” e

sti

mate

d f

rom

de m

easure

ments

(sta

ndalo

ne)

the M

SI scene identi

ficati

on

Page 9: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

SW

unfilt

eri

ng

facto

r

Esti

mate

d f

rom

RTM

wit

h S

BD

AR

T

Lim

ited r

ange f

or

the S

W

unfilt

eri

ng f

acto

r

1

.21

5 +

/- 0

.03

Excellent

response in t

he b

lue

Page 10: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

LW

unfilt

eri

ng f

acto

r

Lim

ited r

ange f

or

the L

W u

nfilt

eri

ng

facto

r :

B

BR

: 1.0

5 +

/- 0

.006

TR

MM

: 1.1

6 +

/-

0.0

1

G

2:

1.0

9+

/- 0

.01

2nd o

rder

fit

on t

he L

W m

easure

ment

giv

es e

xcellent

result

s

No n

eed f

or

MSI in

form

ati

on

Page 11: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s O

bta

ined.

Geoty

pe d

ata

base

● 2

theore

tical data

bases:

●6

16

scenes

→ 5

54

4

sola

r (S

W)

sim

ula

tions

●1

20

96

therm

al (L

W)

sim

ula

tions

● A

STER

surf

. re

flecta

nce

● C

ox a

nd M

unk o

cean

● O

PA

C a

ero

sol def.

● C

loud p

rop. Fro

m Y

ang p

ara

metr

izati

on

● F

ine s

pectr

al re

solu

tion

●SW

sim

: 0

.25

to 5

µm

(8

33

λ)

0.2

5 t

o 1

.36 µ

m, ste

p 0

.002

µm

1.3

6 t

o 2

.5 µ

m, ste

p 0

.00

5 µ

m

2.5

to 5

µm

, ste

p 0

.05

µm

●LW

sim

: 2

.5

to

10

0

µm

(7

62

λ)

+

exte

nded u

p t

o 5

00 µ

m

2.5

to 1

4 µ

m, ste

p0

.05

µm

14

.1 t

o 5

0 µ

m, ste

p o

f 0

.1 µ

m

55

to 1

00

µm

, ste

p o

f 0

.5 µ

m

Exam

ple

of

CS

SW

sim

ula

tion

Full description in “Global spectral Databases of

simulated solar and therm

al radiance fields at the TOA.”

Database available from RMIB or ESTEC

Geom

etr

y:

9 S

ola

r Z

enit

h A

ngle

s,

0° t

o 8

0°,

ste

p 1

outp

uts

at

18

Vie

win

g Z

enit

h A

ngle

s:

0° t

o 8

5°,

ste

p

19

Rela

tive A

zim

uth

Angle

s:

0° t

o 1

80

°,

ste

p 1

0°.

Page 12: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Data

base d

escri

pti

on

•S

W d

ata

base (

55

44 s

cenes)

–C

lear

sky land (

176)

–C

lear

sky o

cean (

56)

–Thic

k c

louds (

72)

–Sem

i-tr

anspare

nt

clo

uds (

240)

–O

verl

appin

g c

louds (

72)

•LW

data

base (

12

096

scen

es)

–C

lear

sky land/o

cean (

540)

–Thin

clo

uds (

3024)

–“M

odera

te” c

louds (

2592)

–Thic

k c

louds (

1080)

–O

verl

appin

g c

louds (

4860)

Tim

e c

ost:

Sim

ula

tions r

un in

pla

to

clu

ste

r/pro

cessor

(30/1

92 p

rocessors

)

~20 m

in S

W c

lear

sky land

Up t

o 2

h 3

0 m

in fo

r ocean a

nd o

verc

ast

Com

puta

tion t

ime:

~20 d

ays in 3

0

pro

cessors

Page 13: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

Cle

ar

sky land s

imula

tions

•Surf

ace r

eflecta

nce f

rom

AS

TER

sp

ectr

al lib

rary

•V

EG

E:

4 v

egeta

tion t

ypes (+

scaling t

o 0

.8 1

.0 1

.2)

→ 1

2

spectr

a

•SN

OW

: 4

snow

types (

+scaling t

o 0

.8 0

.9 1

.0)

→ 1

2 s

pectr

a

•R

OC

K:

48

rock t

ypes →

clu

ste

ring in 1

2 r

ocks u

sin

g k

-means

alg

ori

thm

12

spectr

a

•SO

IL:

48

soil t

ypes →

clu

ste

ring in 1

2 s

oils u

sin

g k

-means

alg

ori

thm

→ 1

2 s

pectr

a

•A

tmosp

heri

c p

rofile

s (

sele

cti

on

of

3:

TR

O,

MLW

, S

AW

)

•Aero

sol

•Type:

desert

and c

onti

nenta

l

•O

pti

cal th

ickness:

0.2

, 0

.5, 1

, 3

.0 (

desert

only

)

•O

ver

4 s

urf

ace t

ypes (

vege_av, snow

_av, ro

ck_a

v, soil_av)

and 1

atm

ospheri

c p

rofile

(M

LW

)

t

ota

l of

17

6 s

im *

geom

etr

y

Page 14: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Vegeta

tion s

pectr

a

Snow

spectr

a

Page 15: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

K- means clustering for rocks and soils

The clustering has been done according to the SW unfiltering factors obtained by using RTMOM

simulations

Page 16: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Rock s

pectr

a

Soil s

pectr

a

Page 17: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Aero

sol pro

pert

ies f

rom

OPA

C

OPA

C s

oft

ware

is u

sed

to b

uild

th

e

exti

ncti

on

coeff

icie

nts

, p

hase

fun

cti

ons,

sin

gle

scatt

eri

ng alb

ed

o an

d vert

ical

pro

file

of

aero

sols

con

sid

ere

d

in t

he s

imu

lati

on

s.

it i

s n

ecessary

to c

om

pu

te t

he

mom

en

ts

of

the

Leg

end

re

Poly

nom

ials

fr

om

OPA

C p

hase

fun

cti

on

to

u

se

the

bu

ilt

aero

sol

pro

pert

ies

of

the

mix

ed

sp

ecie

s

in

Lib

Rad

tran

(i

.e,

desert

,

conti

nenta

l,

mari

tim

e...)

14 3 2

Aero

sol la

yer

Min

era

l tr

ansport

ed layer

Fre

e t

roposphere

layer

Str

ato

sphere

layer

Page 18: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Cle

ar

sky o

cean s

imula

tions

Cox a

nd M

unk m

odel at

4 w

ind s

peed

(1

, 5

, 1

0, 1

5 m

/s)

1 A

tmosp

heri

c p

rofile

enou

gh

1 s

alin

ity

1 p

igm

en

t con

cen

trati

on

Aero

sol:

• Type:

desert

, m

ari

tim

e p

ollute

d a

nd m

ari

tim

e c

lean /

mari

tim

e t

ropic

al

• Opti

cal th

ickness:

0.0

, 0

.1, 0

.3, 1

, 3

.0 (

desert

only

)

tota

l of

52

sim

s *

geom

etr

y

Page 19: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Thic

k c

loud s

imula

tions

� 2

su

rface t

yp

es:

ocean a

nd

desert

� C

lou

d p

hase:

ice a

nd

wate

r� C

lou

d e

ffecti

ve r

ad

ius

(sele

cti

on

accord

ing

IS

CC

P s

tud

ies,

an

d A

. Ip

e s

tati

sti

cs)

• Wate

r: 6

12 1

8 µ

m

• Ice :

10

, 3

0, 5

0 µ

m (

Yang p

ara

mete

rizati

on)

� C

lou

d o

pti

cal th

ickn

ess:

30,

10

0, 3

00

� C

lou

d a

ltit

ud

e (

con

sid

eri

ng

ph

ysic

al th

ickn

ess ~

1 k

m):

• Ice:

6km

and 1

2 k

m

• Wate

r: 1

km

and 6

km

� S

en

sib

ilit

y s

tud

y a

bou

t im

port

an

ce

of

the d

ep

end

en

cy w

ith ice p

art

icle

sh

ap

e

Tota

l :

72

sim

ula

tion

s

Page 20: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Sem

i-tr

anspare

nt

clo

ud s

imula

tions

5 s

urf

aces t

yp

e:

ocean,

veg

eta

tion a

vera

ge,

soil, desert

, sn

ow

Clo

ud p

hase:

ice a

nd

wate

r�

Clo

ud e

ffecti

ve r

ad

ius

• W

ate

r: 6

12

18

µm

• Ic

e :

10

, 3

0, 5

0 µ

m (

Yang p

ara

mete

rizati

on)

Clo

ud o

pti

cal th

ickn

ess:

0.3

, 1

, 3

, 10

Clo

ud a

ltit

ude:

• Ic

e:

6km

and 1

2 k

m

• W

ate

r: 1

km

and 6

km

Tota

l :

24

0 s

imu

lati

on

s

Page 21: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Mu

ltilayer

clo

ud

s (

pro

posal)

� 2

su

rface t

yp

es:

Ocean

an

d d

esert

� O

nly

ice c

lou

d o

ver

wate

r clo

ud

� C

lou

d e

ffecti

ve r

ad

ius

• W

ate

r: 8

µm

(M

ie)

• Ice :

10

, 30

, 5

0 µ

m (

Yang p

ara

mete

rizati

on)

� C

lou

d o

pti

cal th

ickn

ess o

f ic

e layer:

0.3

, 1

, 3, 1

0� C

lou

d o

pti

cal th

ickn

ess o

f w

ate

r la

yer:

10

30 (

2surf

) 1

00 (

1 s

urf

)� C

lou

d a

ltit

ud

e:

• Ice:

1

2 k

m

• Wate

r: 1

km

Tota

l :

60

sim

ula

tion

s

Page 22: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Cle

ar

sky L

W s

imula

tions

Atm

ospheri

c p

rofile

s →

sele

cti

on o

f 5

: TR

O, M

LS,

MLW

, SA

S,

SA

W (

Anders

on e

t al, 1

98

6)

Wate

r V

apor

Conte

nt

scale

d t

o 0

.6 0

.8 1

.0 1

.2 1

.4 f

rom

the p

rofile

s (

accord

ing t

o N

VA

P d

ata

)

Em

issiv

ity f

rom

ASTER

spectr

al libra

ry:

1-

ρ +

extr

apola

tion

Aero

sols

opti

cal th

ickness:

desert

, 0

0.3

1

Tota

l of

54

0 s

imula

tions f

or

LW

cle

ar

sky

Su

rface d

escri

pti

on

Sta

nd

ard

atm

osph

ere

m

od

el

Su

rface T

em

pera

ture

Desert

/Lan

dM

LS

, M

LWT

std,

Tstd+

15,

Tstd+

30

Veg

eta

tion

TR

O,

MLS

, M

LW, S

AS

, S

AW

Tstd,

Tstd

+5

, T

std+

10

Sn

ow

SA

S,

SAW

Tstd,

Tstd

- 5

, T

std

-10

Ocean

TR

O,

MLS

, M

LWT

std,

Tstd

-3

, T

std+

3

Page 23: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Clo

udy s

ky L

W –

Thin

clo

uds

Tem

pera

ture

pro

file

s a

nd s

urf

ace t

em

pera

ture

Wate

r V

apor

Conte

nt

scale

d t

o 0

.7 1

.0 1

.3 f

rom

the p

rofile

s (

accord

ing t

o N

VA

P d

ata

)

Thin

: O

pti

cal th

ickness <

3 [

0.5

1]

Surf

ace d

escri

pti

on

Sta

ndard

atm

osphere

m

odel

Surf

ace T

em

pera

ture

Desert

/Land

MLS, M

LWT

std, T

std+

15

Vegeta

tion

TR

O, M

LS, M

LW, S

AS,

SAW

Tstd, T

std

+5

Snow

SA

S, S

AW

Tstd, T

std

- 5

Ocean

TR

O, M

LS, M

LWT

std

Page 24: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

• C

loud

alt

itu

de (

low

, m

ed

ium

, h

igh

) (a

ccord

ing

to W

MO

)

• Hig

h:

Base o

ver

6 k

m [

8

10

12

] (i

ce c

loud

s)

• Med

ium

: B

ase b

etw

een 2

km

an

d 6

km

[4

6]

(wate

r)

• Low

: B

ase b

elo

w 2

km

[0

.5 1

2]

(wate

r clo

ud

s)

• Em

issiv

ity (

as f

or

cle

ar

sky L

W b

ut

on

ly im

port

an

t fo

r th

in c

lou

ds)

•Clo

ud d

rople

t eff

ecti

ve r

adiu

s

•Wate

r: 6

, 1

2,

18

µm

•Ice :

10

, 3

0, 5

0 µ

m (

yang

para

mete

rizati

on

)

30

24

sim

ula

tion

s

Clo

udy s

ky L

W –

Thin

clo

uds (

cont)

Page 25: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Clo

udy s

ky L

W –

Modera

te c

louds

Tem

pera

ture

pro

file

s a

nd

surf

ace t

em

pera

ture

Wate

r V

ap

or

Con

ten

t scale

d t

o 0

.7 1

.0 1

.3 f

rom

th

e p

rofile

s (

accord

ing

to N

VA

P d

ata

)

Mod

era

te:

3 <

= O

pti

cal th

ickn

ess <

= 2

0 [

3

6 1

0]

Su

rface d

escri

pti

on

Sta

ndard

atm

osp

here

m

od

el

Su

rface T

em

pera

ture

Desert

/Lan

dM

LS

, M

LWT

std

Veg

eta

tion

TR

O, M

LS,

MLW

, S

AS

, S

AW

Tstd

Sn

ow

SA

S,

SA

WT

std

Ocean

TR

O, M

LS,

MLW

Tstd

Page 26: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Clo

udy s

ky L

W –

Modera

te c

louds (

cont)

• C

loud a

ltit

ude (

low

, m

ediu

m,

hig

h)

(accord

ing t

o W

MO

)•H

igh

: B

ase o

ver

6 k

m [

8

10

12

] (i

ce c

loud

s)

• Med

ium

: B

ase b

etw

een

2 k

m a

nd

6 k

m [

4 6

] (w

ate

r)• L

ow

: B

ase b

elo

w 2

km

[0

.5 1

2]

(wate

r clo

ud

s)

• E

mis

siv

ity (

as f

or

cle

ar

sky L

W)

• C

loud d

rople

t eff

ecti

ve r

adiu

s• W

ate

r: 6

, 1

2, 1

8 µ

m• I

ce :

10,

30

, 5

0 µ

m (

Bau

m p

ara

mete

rizati

on

)

43

20 s

imula

tions

Page 27: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

Clo

udy s

ky L

W –

Thic

k c

louds

•5

pro

file

s

•W

ate

r V

ap

or

Con

ten

t scale

d t

o 0

.7 1

.0 1

.3 f

rom

th

e p

rofile

s

(accord

ing

to N

VA

P d

ata

)

•Thic

k:

Op

tical th

ickn

ess >

20

[2

0 5

0 1

00

]

•C

lou

d a

ltit

ud

e (

low

, m

ediu

m,

hig

h)

(accord

ing

to W

MO

)•

Hig

h:

Base o

ver

6 k

m [

8

10

12

] (i

ce c

lou

ds)

•M

ediu

m :

Base b

etw

een

2 k

m a

nd

6 k

m [

4 6

] (w

ate

r)•

Low

: B

ase b

elo

w 2

km

[0

.5 1

2]

(wate

r clo

ud

s)

•E

mis

siv

ity (

as f

or

cle

ar

sky L

W b

ut

on

ly im

port

an

t fo

r th

in

clo

ud

s)

•C

lou

d d

rop

let

eff

ecti

ve r

ad

ius/d

iam

ete

r•

Wate

r: 6

, 12

, 18

µm

•Ic

e :

10

, 3

0,

90

µm

(yan

g p

ara

mete

rizati

on)

10

80 s

imula

tions

Page 28: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Overl

appin

g c

louds

• A

tmosp

heri

c p

rofile

s →

sele

cti

on

of

5:

TR

O,

MLS, M

LW

, S

AS

, S

AW

• S

urf

ace T

em

pera

ture

(fr

om

th

e s

ele

cte

d 5

std

pro

file

s)

(5)

Wate

r V

ap

or

Con

ten

t scale

d t

o 0

.7 1

.0 1

.3 f

rom

th

e

pro

file

s (

accord

ing

to N

VA

P d

ata

) (3

)Top

layer:

ice c

loud

Ice :

10

, 30

, 5

0 µ

m (

Yan

g p

ara

mete

rizati

on

) (3

)•

Th

in:

Opti

cal th

ickness <

3 [

0.5

1]

(2

)B

ott

om

layer:

wate

r clo

ud

Wate

r: 2

, 8

, 1

6 µ

m (

3)

• M

od

era

te:

3 <

= O

pti

cal th

ickn

ess <

= 2

0 [

10

] (

1)

• T

hic

k:

Op

tical th

ickn

ess >

20

[5

0]

(1)

• C

lou

d a

ltit

ud

e (

low

, m

ediu

m,

hig

h)

(accord

ing

to W

MO

)Top >

Ice:

8 1

0 1

2B

ott

om

> W

ate

r: 2

4 6

(6)

•Em

issiv

ity =

0.9

8

16

20

sim

ula

tion

s

Page 29: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

As t

here

is n

o longw

ave f

ilte

r on t

he B

BR

, th

e longw

ave r

adia

nces a

re

obta

ined f

rom

the t

ota

l and t

he s

hort

wave o

nes:

Data

base r

adia

nces a

re c

onvolv

ed w

ith t

he s

pectr

al re

sponses f

or

the B

BR

, th

e f

ilte

rs u

sed a

re:

●N

o F

ilte

r: c

onsta

nt

valu

e o

f 1 a

t all w

avele

ngth

s:

theore

tical unfilt

ere

d

radia

nces

●B

BR

Tota

l Spectr

al R

esponse

●synth

eti

c B

BR

LW

Spectr

al R

esponse ⟶

●SW

BB

R S

pectr

al R

esponse ⟶

Convolu

tion o

f th

e d

ata

base r

adia

nces

wit

h t

he B

BR

spectr

al re

sponse

● S

W D

B:

therm

al conta

min

ati

on

● L

W D

B:

filt

ere

d r

adia

nces

● S

W D

B:

filt

ere

d r

adia

nces

● L

W D

B:

sola

r conta

min

ati

on

Page 30: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

612 d

iffer

ent

scen

es

3076 file

s

(18 V

ZA

, 19 R

AA

, and 9

SZ

A)

12096 d

iffer

ent

scen

es

18 V

ZA

Convolu

tion o

f th

e d

ata

base r

adia

nces

wit

h t

he B

BR

spectr

al re

sponse

Page 31: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

Sola

r C

onta

min

ati

on in t

he L

W c

hannel

Full description of the

method and results in

“ATBD”

Sunglint angle < 10° +

1 m/s wind speed

No sunglint

Hig

her e

rrors:

su

ng

lin

t sit

uati

on

s o

ver f

lat

ocean

su

rfa

ce

(low

win

d s

peed

) F

or

su

ng

lin

t cases t

he e

rro

r

esti

mate

d is a

bou

t 0.5

W

m−

2sr−

1 f

or a

typ

ical ocean

cle

ar s

ky L

W r

ad

ian

ce o

f 80

Wm

−2sr−

1 (

thu

s ~

0.6

% e

rror)

RM

S e

rror is 0

.039 W

m−

2sr−

1ty

pic

al sig

nal in

th

e L

W c

han

nel

( ~

60 W

m−

2sr−

1)

Page 32: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

Therm

al conta

min

ati

on in t

he S

W c

hannel

Full

description of

the method

and results in

“ATBD”

Page 33: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Scen

es w

ith h

igher

tem

per

ature

(bri

ght

des

ert

scen

es)

+ s

cenes

with h

igh

conte

nt

of w

ater

vap

or

in w

arm

atm

osp

her

es (

tropic

al a

nd m

idla

titu

de

sum

mer

) sh

ow

hig

her

err

ors

.

Ice-

phas

e hig

h c

louds

(pla

ced a

t 12 k

m)

are

also

show

ing

hig

her

err

or

sthan

the

rest

of sc

enes

.

−−

RM

S Lsw

,th is

0.0

1624 W

m2sr

1, (

0.0

16%

rel

ativ

e er

ror)

−−

radio

met

ric

accu

racy

of th

e Ear

thC

AR

E B

BR

SW

chan

nel

(2.5

Wm

2sr

1).

Result

s.

Therm

al conta

min

ati

on in t

he S

W c

hannel

Page 34: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

Sta

nd A

lone S

W U

nfilt

eri

ng

Surf

ace t

ype d

ependent

H

yperb

olic f

it

C

oef.

Dependent

on

SZ

A,

VZ

A,

RA

A

SW

unfilt

eri

ng f

acto

rs f

or

all t

he g

eom

etr

ies

[1.1

7,

1.2

5]

Full description of the method and results in “ATBD”

Page 35: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

Sta

nd A

lone S

W U

nfilt

eri

ng R

MS <

0.0

05

W m

-2 s

r-1

Page 36: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

Sta

nd A

lone S

W U

nfilt

eri

ng.

Imple

menta

tion

Page 37: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

Sta

nd A

lone S

W U

nfilt

eri

ng.

Validati

on

U

se o

ther

data

bases (

SB

DA

RT)

D

iffe

rent

scene t

ypes s

imula

ted

A

s e

xpecte

d t

he a

pplicati

on o

f th

e

conta

min

ati

on a

nd u

nfilt

eri

ng

coeff

icie

nts

to t

he v

alidati

on d

ata

base

show

ed a

good p

erf

orm

ance

Page 38: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

Sta

nd A

lone S

W U

nfilt

eri

ng.

Validati

on

RM

S <

0.0

09

W m

-2 s

r-1

Page 39: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s O

bta

ined.

Subta

sk 3

.2

Sta

nd-a

lone L

W u

nfilt

eri

ng

Surf

ace t

ype independent

Para

bolic f

it

C

oef.

Dependent

on V

ZA

R

MS e

rror

< 0

.0003 W

/m2/s

r R

adio

metr

ic a

ccura

cy

=1.5

W/m

2/s

r

Gra

ph a

t 50

Full description of the method and results in “ATBD”

Page 40: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s O

bta

ined.

Sta

nd-a

lone L

W u

nfilt

eri

ng. V

alidati

on

RM

S e

rror

< 0

.00

08

W/m

2/s

r b

ias n

egligib

le

3 t

imes h

igher

than f

or

the s

tudy D

B

Radio

metr

ic a

ccura

cy =

1.5

W/m

2/s

r

Page 41: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

MSI based u

nfilt

eri

ng

Separa

te f

it f

or

every

surf

ace a

nd c

lear,

wate

r and ice

clo

uds

2 m

eth

ods:

linear

and h

yperb

olic

Full description of the method and results in “ATBD”

Page 42: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

Sta

nd a

lone v

s M

SI based u

nfilt

eri

ng

Geom

etr

y:

9 S

ola

r Z

enit

h A

ng

les, 0

° t

o 8

0°, ste

p 1

18

Vie

win

g Z

enit

h A

ng

les:

0° t

o 8

5°, ste

p 5

° 1

9 R

ela

tive A

zim

uth

Ang

les:

0° t

o 1

80

°, ste

p 1

0°.

Page 43: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s O

bta

ined.

MSI based u

nfilt

eri

ng.

Imple

menta

tion

Page 44: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

MSI based u

nfilt

eri

ng.

Validati

on RM

S <

0.0

08

W m

-2 s

r-1

Page 45: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Handling m

ixed s

cenes (

SW

)

Modele

d r

adia

nces a

re fi

rst

weig

hte

d t

o e

sti

mate

modele

d r

adia

nce f

or

the B

BR

fo

otp

rint

then,

the indiv

idual ra

dia

nces o

rigin

ate

d f

rom

the d

iffere

nt

scenes i p

resent

in t

he f

ootp

rint

are

then e

sti

mate

d c

orr

ecti

ng t

he indiv

idual m

odel by t

he

rati

o b

etw

een t

he m

odele

d f

ootp

rint

radia

nce a

nd t

he B

BR

measure

ment

Page 46: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Ecoclim

ap-2

data

base

(Masson e

t al, 2

003)

Data

base o

f ecosyste

m (

252)

and e

cosyste

m p

ropert

ies a

t 1km

res (

250 m

fo

r Euro

pe)

Ecosyste

m is a

com

bin

ati

on o

f:C

ity,

wate

r, v

egeta

tion (

C3, C

4,

irr,

Conifers

, everg

reen v

eg,

gra

ss),

bare

, ro

cks a

nd s

now

Built

usin

g land c

over

maps:

●G

LC

2000 (

1 k

m r

es)

●C

ori

ne o

ver

Euro

pe (

250 m

res)

●In

tera

nnual vari

abilit

y f

rom

SPO

T/V

EG

ETA

TIO

N●

LA

I●

ND

VI

●Surf

ace p

ara

mete

rs:

●M

OD

IS●

SA

F L

and d

ata

set

Page 47: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

Err

or

analy

sis

. C

onta

min

ati

on e

rror

Page 48: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

Err

or

analy

sis

. SA

unfilt

eri

ng e

rror

Page 49: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

Err

or

analy

sis

. SA

unfilt

eri

ng e

rror.

M

ixed f

ootp

rints ω

is c

loud f

ree f

racti

on in t

he B

BR

fo

otp

rint

Mix

: cle

ar

ocean s

urf

1

m/s

and o

pti

cally t

hic

k

clo

ud τ

> 3

0 a

t 1

km

Page 50: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

Err

or

analy

sis

. M

SI unfilt

eri

ng e

rror

Page 51: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Result

s.

Err

or

analy

sis

. C

ase s

tudy

Conta

min

ati

on +

unfilt

eri

ng

Err

or

cont+

unfil+

rad.a

ccura

cy

Page 52: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

Sp

ectr

al resp

on

se

: A

ny c

hange in t

he s

pectr

al re

sponse w

ill consequentl

y lead t

o a

change in t

he c

onta

min

ati

on a

nd u

nfilt

eri

ng c

oeffi

cie

nts

.

Syn

theti

c lon

gw

ave c

han

nel

: If

needed f

or

furt

her

stu

die

s, th

e s

ynth

eti

c longw

ave

channel should

be d

efined in t

he s

am

e w

ay a

s in t

his

stu

dy

Rad

iati

ve t

ran

sfe

r c

od

e :

For

the s

tudy it

was s

ele

cte

d L

ibra

dtr

an, am

ong o

ther

reasons b

ecause o

f it

s fi

ne s

pectr

al re

solu

tion a

nd fl

exib

ilit

y, th

at

allow

s t

he u

ser

to

specify t

he p

ropert

ies o

f th

e a

tmosphere

, in

clu

din

g R

ayle

igh s

catt

eri

ng, m

ole

cula

r absorp

tion, aero

sols

, w

ate

r and ice c

louds a

nd s

urf

ace a

lbedo. A

modifi

cati

on in t

he c

ode

for

ocean s

cenes w

as intr

oduced f

or

opti

miz

ati

on r

easons.

Parallax p

rob

lem

: G

iven t

he h

igher

com

ple

xit

y a

nd t

he d

ifficult

y t

o a

ddre

ss t

he

para

llax, it

is r

ecom

mended t

o u

se t

he s

tand–alo

ne m

eth

odolo

gy r

ath

er

than t

he M

SI

based, at

least

unti

l th

e M

SI clo

ud m

ask a

nd c

loud p

hase p

roducts

are

available

and/o

r validate

d.

MS

I u

nfi

lterin

g m

eth

od

: A

ccord

ing t

o t

he r

esult

s o

bta

ined, it

is r

ecom

mended t

o u

se

the h

yperb

olic u

nfilt

eri

ng c

oeffi

cie

nts

rath

er

than t

he lin

ear

ones.

Geoty

pe D

ata

base:

availab

le u

nd

er r

eq

uest

It w

ill be u

sed t

o im

pro

ve t

he G

ER

B L

W A

DM

s.

Conclu

sio

ns a

nd r

ecom

mendati

ons

Page 53: n Nevens, Patrick Sept, ECN, Paris Unfiltering Study for the … · 2010-09-30 · ERB Workshop 13 th-16 th Sept, ECN, Paris Clear sky LW simulations Atmospheric profiles → selection

ERB W

orkshop 13th -16th Sept, ECN, Paris

For

the f

ore

and a

ft v

iew

s, th

e S

W u

nfilt

eri

ng f

acto

r dete

rmin

ed w

ith t

he s

tandalo

ne

alg

ori

thm

could

be c

orr

ecte

d u

sin

g t

he r

ati

o o

f M

SI–

based a

nd s

tandalo

ne u

nfilt

eri

ng

facto

rs f

or

the c

orr

espondin

g n

adir

vie

w. This

corr

ecti

on w

ill allow

to h

ave h

om

ogeneous

unfilt

eri

ng e

rror

for

the v

iew

s o

f th

e B

BR

instr

um

ent.

In o

rb

it s

tud

ies:

Nig

ht

tim

e m

easu

rem

en

ts:

Will pro

vid

e a

bett

er

esti

mati

on o

f th

e t

herm

al conta

min

ati

on in t

he S

W c

hannel and o

f th

e longw

ave c

om

ponent

of

the S

R u

nm

easure

d (

longest

wavele

ngth

s)

Lon

gw

ave S

R b

eyon

d 5

0 m

icron

s:

rela

tion f

or

thic

k h

igh c

louds b

etw

een L

narr

ow

band a

nd L

BB

R. It

era

tion o

f th

e L

W r

esponse c

an b

e m

ade t

o im

pro

ve lin

eari

ty

and incre

ase k

now

ledge o

f SR

at

longest

wavele

ngth

s.

SW

deg

rad

ati

on

: lo

ng-t

erm

monit

ori

ng o

f th

e a

lbedo o

f deep c

onvecti

ve c

louds h

as

show

n t

o e

nable

a c

heck o

n t

he s

tabilit

y a

round t

he 1

% level over

the lifeti

me o

f th

e

mis

sio

n, but

it d

oesnt

specific

ally c

heck f

or

the d

egra

dati

on a

t short

wavele

ngth

s. A

n

inte

rcom

pari

son b

etw

een m

easure

d c

lear

ocean r

adia

nces a

nd a

n o

cean c

olo

ur

instr

um

ent

is a

lso r

ecom

mended.

Conclu

sio

ns a

nd r

ecom

mendati

ons