N International Connection D Opportunities for VLBI · 2006-05-02 · International Connection Opportunities for VLBI James Williams TransPAC Executive Investigator Indiana University

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International Connection Opportunities for VLBI

James WilliamsTransPAC Executive Investigator

Indiana [email protected]

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Presentation Outline

• Some general observations

• Status of national networks

• International connection points

• International network initiatives

• Non-infrastructure concerns

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Some General Observations

• National network bandwidth increasing rapidly

• Trans-Atlantic and Trans-Pacific networking costs are decreasing, but will reach a limit

• New cable construction unlikely for a time, but increased speeds possible

• Intra-region connectivity growing

• Application demand growing but current networks not stressed

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National Networks

• GEANT

• SURFnet

• SuperSINET

• GEMNET

• Abilene

• CA*net4

See www.transpac.org/meeting/agenda.html

GEANThttp://www.dante.org.uk

• Consortium of NRNs in Europe

• 10Gbps European backbone

• NRN access at 2.5Gbps

• 2x2.5Gbps across Atlantic

• Interconnecting in NYC

SURFnethttp://www.surfnet.nl/

• 2x622Mbps to StarLight(production)

• Lambda for research (2.5Gbps)

• StarLightcounterpart in Amsterdam

Source: Erik-Jan Bos

SuperSINET Sites

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Jan. 2002

Oct. 2002

Oct. 2003

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SuperSINET Sites

University / Institute:• Tohoku University• High Energy Accelerator

Research Organization (KEK)• The University of Tokyo• The Institute of Medical Science

(IMS), The university of Tokyo• NII Hitotsubashi• NII Chiba• National Astronomical

Observatory (NAO)• The Institute of Space and

Astronautical Science (ISAS)• National Institute of Genetics

(NIG)

• Nagoya University• National Institute for Fusion

Science (NIFS)• Kyoto University• Institute for Chemical Research

(ICR), Kyoto University• Osaka University

Hubs:• Tokyo Hub• Nagoya Hub• Osaka Hub

SINET and SuperSINET(Oct. 2002, Planned)

Kagoshima

Kumamoto

Fukuoka

Nagasaki

Matsuyama

Hiroshima

Okinawa

Kobe Osaka Nagoya Tokyo Yokohama

Kyoto Tsukuba NII Chiba

Kitakyushu

Yamaguchi

Niigata

Kanazawa

Sapporo

Sendai

ISASOkayama

Tottori

Chiba

Tokushima Okazaki

Yamanashi

Kitami

HirosakiNagano

Maebashi

Saitama

Meguro

Koganei

Chofu

NII Hitotsubashi

SuperSINET

N.B. All of the SINET and Super SINET nodes are not shown here.

GEMNET

• NTT Labs-owned and operated network– Connects NTT Research

Labs in Japan– Plus several radio

telescope installations– Plus U. Kyoto and U.

Tokyo– 2.4Gbps circuits– 33Mbps connection to US,

of which 10Mb PVC to Abilene, also to STAR TAP National

Astronomical Observatory

Kashima Space Research Center (CRL)

KSP Miura Station (CRL)

NTT MusashinoR&D Center

KSP TateyamaStation (CRL)

Communications Research Laboratory

KSP KoganeiStation

KSP Kashima Station

Radio Frequency Signals from Space

2.4Gb/s ATM Network

UsudaDeep Space Center (ISAS)Nobeyama

Radio Observatory (NAO)

NTT’s R+E Network - GEMnet

STAR TAP33 Mbps

Japan

CA*net II

6.5 MAbilene*MREN

San Josefacilities 1.5 Mbps

Malaysia facilities(NTT MSC)

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To the USA

To Malaysia

NTT MusashinoR&D Center*35 Mbps

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Japan

*

*

6.5 M

NTT Keihan-naR&D Center

NTT YokosukaR&D Center

OtemachiFacilities*

GEMnetconnection point

NTT’s GEMnet- Activities of NTT R&D- R/E network for non-commercial

experiments- Member of UCAID for experiments

on Abilene

Connected with:- Abilene- MREN- CALREN2- CA*net II- JGN (Japan Gigabit- Network)- Also to South America- Via REUNA & AMPATH- To Chile

Sacramento

Los Angeles

Washington

STAR TAP/Star LightAPAN/TransPAC, Ca*net3, CERN, CERnet, FASTnet, GEMnet, IUCC, KOREN/KREONET2, NORDUnet, RENATER, SURFnet, SingAREN, TAnet2 (ANSP, RNP2)

NYCMBELNET,

CA*net3,HEANET, JANET,

NORDUnet, GEANT*

Pacific WaveAARNET, APAN/TransPAC, CA*net3, TANET2

SNVAGEMNET, SINET, SingAREN, WIDE

LOSAUNINET

AMPATHREUNA, RNP2

RETINA (ANSP)

OC3-OC12

El Paso (UACJ-UT El Paso)CUDI

San Diego (CALREN2)CUDI

16 November 2001

Abilene International Peering

Possible CA*net 4 TopologyJanuary 1, 2002

Halifax

Edmonton

Seattle

VancouverWinnipeg

Quebec City

MontrealOttawa

Chicago

Halifax

New York

Regina

Fredericton

CharlottetownVictoria

Windsor

London

Sudbury

Thunder Bay

Saskatoon

Kamloops

Buffalo

Spokane

Minneapolis

Albany

St. John's

Calgary

Toronto

Prince George

Hamilton

Kingston

CA*net 4 Node Mini-IX

Possible Future Breakout

Possible Future link or Option

CA*net 4 OC192

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International Connection Points

• Pacific Wave

• Hawaii

• StarLight


Hawaii Observatories and Science Centers

PMRF

Mauna Kea Observatories

Maui Supercomputer,Haleakala Observatories

University of HawaiiIntl Pacific Research Center

Current Hawaii Trans-Pacific Links

Southern Cross Cable Network

Japan-U.S. Cable Network

• OC-3 Peering with AARNet• OC-3 Peering with Abilene (Seattle)• OC-3 Link to DREN (Seattle)

Planned Hawaii Trans-Pacific Links

Southern Cross Cable NetworkJapan-U.S. Cable Network

• (2x) OC-3 Peering with APAN • (2x) OC-3 to California • Pacific Wave?

ESNet (OC-3c soon OC-12c)Abilene (OC-12c)vBNS (OC-12c)FASTNet (OC-3c)Fermilab (OC-3c)Argonne (OC-12c)CANARIE (OC-3c)MREN (layer2)6TAP

Abilene (2xGE)SURFNet (2xOC-12c, OC-48c)Argonne (2xGE)Northwestern University (GE)AMPATH (GE)vBNS+ (OC12c soon)

WKN 20011202

TRANSPAC (OC-12c)NORDUNET (OC3c)6TAPMREN (layer2 and 3) NREN (GE soon)ESnet (GE soon)

ATM PVC Exchange Service

ATM PVC Exchange Service

AS 10764IPv4 and IPv6Transit Service

AS 10764IPv4 and IPv6Transit Service

1&10 Gigabit Ethernet

Exchange Service


Exchange Service

Carrier-NeutralCo-Location

Facility


Facility

ResearchCircuit/Lambda

Switching


Switching

AADS NAP225 West Randolph

710 North Lake Shore Drive

2*OC12c

NPA/NXX 312/503

I-WIRE (dark fiber)

StarLight


Exchange Service


Exchange Service


Facility


Facility


Switching


Switching

710 North Lake Shore Drive

1&10 Gigabit Ethernet TransportService


QwestCo-Location

Facility

QwestCo-Location

Facility

455 N CityFrontPlaza



NPA/NXX312/503

Abilene (2xGE)SURFNet (2xOC-12c, OC-48c)Argonne (2xGE)Northwestern University (GE)AMPATH (GE)vBNS+ (OC12c soon)

I-WIRE (dark fiber)TRANSPAC (OC-12c)NORDUNET (OC3c)6TAPMREN (layer2 and 3)NREN (GE soon)ESnet (GE soon)

TeraGrid DTFnetESNetNREN

Services via Qwest

I-WIRE dark fiber

StarLight Connectivity to Qwest

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International Connection Initiatives

• Cable Networks• APAN• TransPAC - NA to Asia• GTRN - EU to NA (extension to Asia)


23

Southern Cross Network

APAN Network –today & near future

Hawaii

250㎞

KoreaSeoul

GbE Fukuoka Prefecture in Kyushu, Japan

Genkai/Hyunhae

•KJCN (Korea-Japan Cable Network)

–Starting in 2002.3–12 fiber pairs with no relays–Starting from 50Gbps 2.88Terabit

(current traffic volume between KR and JP : about 500Mbps)

Busan

By Koji Okamura

Lambda Backbone in 2004

TransPAC Network

PHnet

Seoul XP

TransPAC

StarLIGHT ChicagoGigabit Ethernet

Switch

NREN ESnet GenuityvBNS+

CA*Net

Abilene

NORDUnet

SURFnet

AARNet

Gigabit Ethernet Switch

StarTAP

AADSATM

OC12 ATM“Southern Route”

Pacific GigaPOP

OC12 POP“Northern Route”

ATM Switch

Tokyo XPdPacificWave

CERNET

IMnet WIDE

Policy Router

Osaka U

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Towards a Global Terabit Research Network

Global cyber infrastructure requires a network that:• provides a single global backbone

interconnecting global network access points (GNAPs) that provide peering within a country or region

• provides global backbone speeds comparable to those at NRRENS, i.e. OC192 in 2002

• allows coordinated global advanced service deployment (e.g. QoS, IPv6, multicast)

• is based on stable carrier infrastructure or leased or owned fiber or wavelengths

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• is persistent, i.e. based on long-term (5-10 year) agreements with carriers, router vendors, and optical transmission equipment vendors

• is scalable, e.g. OC768 by 2004, multiple wavelengths running striped OC768 by 2005, terabit/sec transmission by 2006

• allow GNAPs to connect at OC48 and above; to scale up as backbone speeds scale up

• provides a production service with 24x7x365 management through a series of global NOCs

Towards a Global Terabit Research Network

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Recent Positive Progress

• NSF is assessing the need for post-HPIIS programs• DANTE is expected to provide consolidated Trans-

Atlantic connectivity for all of Europe - makes a North America/Europe solution easier

• TransPAC upgrade complete: 1.244 Gbps to AP• Optical Wavelength networking and switching

developing (StarLight)• Abilene upgrade in progress• CA*net4 funding in place• Prices for Trans-oceanic connections dropping

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GTRN Step 1

• Initially connecting Europe and North America• 2 x OC-48 unprotected POS circuits• Run as a single AS (AS21230)

Step 1 is complete.

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Initial GTRN configuration

Slide courtesy of David West - Dante

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GTRN Step 2

• Incorporate the TransPAC router in Seattle into the GTRN AS

• Incorporate the StarLight router in Chicago into the GTRN AS

• Begin policy and administrative development• Begin cooperative NOC discussions

Step 2 planned to be complete by mid-May

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GTRN Further Steps

• Extend the GTRN AS to Asia

• Formalize the GTRN policy and administrative structure

• Formalize the GTRN NOC structure

In process now.

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Non-infrastructure concerns

• End-to-end (E2E) problems– Site connectivity– Instrument connectivity– Performance measurement

• Global experimental coordination

• Real-time data collection issues (latency)

• QOS issues

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Informative Web Links

http://www.indiana.edu/~gtrn/

http://www.dante.net/

http://www.canarie.ca/

http://www.internet2.edu/

http://pacificwave.net/

http://www.startap.net/starlight/

http://www.transpac.org/

http://www.apan.net/

http://www.nii.jp/

http://www.transpac.org/meeting/agenda.html

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Questions and Comments

James WilliamsTransPAC Executive Investigator

Indiana [email protected]

Documents

N International Connection D Opportunities for VLBI · 2006-05-02 · International Connection Opportunities for VLBI James Williams TransPAC Executive Investigator Indiana University