Introduction: The heart is an energy consuming mechanical pump The average adult human heart beats 100,000 times per day. 4,300 gallons of blood pumped against 120 mmHg systolic pressure. ATP is the currency of energy and 300 gram heart synthesizes and utilizes 5kg ATP/day. ATP is utilized and resynthesized constantly because there is small ATP reserve (only 5 µg/g wet weight where the heart uses 30 µg/g /per minute) 80-95% of ATP is derived from fatty acid oxidation. The rest from glucose, lactate and ketone bodies. In a healthy heart at the vast majority of ATP is derived from fatty acids.
