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Myers-Briggs Type IndicatorAn Introduction
Origins of Myers-Briggs
• Based on the work of Swiss psychologist C. G. Jung, who presented his psychological type theory in his book Psychological Types (published 1921, translated into English 1923)
• Katherine Briggs and Isabel Briggs-Myers created the MBTI to make Jung’s theory understandable by and accessible to the general public.
What Myers-Briggs Is
Assessment
An indicator—not a test, so there are no right or wrong answers or good or bad types
Looks only at normal behavior
Describes 4 aspects of people’s nature
Used by most Fortune 100 companies
Administered more than 2 million times a year in 30+ languages in
70+countries
Aids in relationships, self-understanding, leadership, decision
making…
Usage
Nature vs. Nurture
Nature
Includes inborn tendencies and
inherited characteristics
Includes family, cultural, and environmental
influences
Nurture
Terms used by experts to explain personality
Jung believed BOTH play a role in adult personality development, but type was designed to measure
NATURE only.
What Myers-Briggs Is Not
IntelligenceMaturityEmotions
IQ
DevelopmentStress
TraumaEmotional Health
Myers-Briggs does not measure:
Myers-Briggs also does not tell you what you can and cannot do!!
Handedness Exercise
Use your preferred hand to sign your name on a sheet of paper.
Now use your other hand to sign your name on a sheet of paper, and
compare.We can accomplish the task of signing
our names with either hand, but the preferred hand will always be more
natural, comfortable, and automatic.
Jung’s Theory
We will look at four pairs of opposites—like our right and left hands. We all use both sides of each pair, but one is our natural
preference.Jung believed that our preferences do not
change; they stay the same over our lifetime.
What changes is how we use our preferences, the environment’s impact on
how our types manifest, and often the accuracy with which we can measure the
preferences.
For the Visual Learners…
Energy
Introversion
Extraversion
Judgment
Feeling
Thinking
Perception
Intuition
Sensing
Organization
Perceiving
Judging
Extraversion and Introversion
E IThe direction in which we focus our attention and energy and how we gain mental energy
People who Prefer…
Extraversion
• Focus their energy and attention outward
• Are interested in the world of people and things, and enjoy interacting with it
• Often think as they speak• Tell you about themselves
openly• Give breadth to life• Can seem shallow and
intruding to introverts
• Focus their energy and attention inward
• Are interested in the inner world of thoughts and reflections, and enjoy interacting with it
• Tend to think before speaking
• Need to know a person before opening up
• Give depth to life• Can seem withdrawn and
secretive to extraverts
Introversion
For the Visual Learners…
E I
Key Words
Extraversion
ActionOutwardPeople
InteractionMany
ExpressiveDo-Think-Do
ReflectionInwardPrivacy
ConcentrationFew
QuietThink-Do-Think
Introversion
It’s All About Preference
We all do Extraverted and Introverted things.
But we usually do not do themwith equal comfort.
Most of us have a preference for one
over the other.
Where Do You Fit?
Given the choice, which do you prefer:
Extraversion or Introversion?
Extraversion
Introversio
n
Sensing and Intuition
S NThe way we take in information and the kind
of information we like and trust
People who Prefer…
Sensing
• Prefer to take in information using their five sensesand past experiences
• Like facts and details and use them to see the overall design
• Are practical and realistic• Live in the present, the here
and now• Like set procedures and
established routines• May seem materialistic and
overly literal to intuitives
• Go beyond what is real or concrete and focus on meaning, associations, and relationships
• See patterns and meaning in information and like overviews
• Are conceptual, abstract, and imaginative
• Live in future possibilities• Like new ideas and ways of
doing things• May seem like impractical
dreamers to sensors
Intuition
• Sensing types will often list objects in
the picture (calendar, cow,
couple, hen, golden egg)
• Intuitive types will often report the
overall feel of the picture (happy
surprise, people look shocked, little farm
town)
What do you see in this picture?
For the Visual Learners…
3 4 5 6 7 8 910
21
S N
Key Words
Sensing
FactsRealisticSpecificPresent
KeepPracticalWhat is
IdeasImaginative
GeneralFuture
ChangeTheoretical
What could be
Intuitition
It’s All About Preference
We all do Sensing and Intuitive things.
But we usually do not do themwith equal comfort.
Most of us have a preference for one
over the other.
Where Do You Fit?
Given the choice, which do you prefer:
Sensing or Intuition?
Sensing
Intuition
Thinking and Feeling
T FThe process we use to make decisions and the
way we organize and prioritize information
People who Prefer…
Thinking
• Make their decisions based on impersonal, objective logic
• Focus on problems and tasks
• When required, can fire or reprimand people
• Believe fairness, justice, and equitability are very important
• May seem cold and detached to Feeling types
• Use a person-centered, values-based process
• Focus on relationships• Have difficulty telling
people unpleasant things• Believe fairness means
treating each individual as a whole person
• May seem overly emotional & irrational to Thinking types
Feeling
TERRIBLE!! My boss yelled at me because I turned my work in 5 minutes late, and I have way too much to do, and I’m so frustrated because I don’t
want her to think I am a bad employee, and I think she hates me!
Aww, I’m so sorry you’re upset. I’m here if you need
an ear to listen, a shoulder to cry on, or anything
else…
For the Visual Learners…
FT
What has caused this person to become upset, and how can it be reasonably
fixed?
How was your day today?
Huh?????? Um… Ok…???
My time management skills are fine, and I can handle my work load!! I know
everything will be ok… I just had a really bad day, and I need to vent. I
don’t need you to fix it…
Maybe it would be a good idea to look at how you manage your time so that you don’t get your work in late again, and
perhaps you could talk to her about your work load if it is still too much after that.Warning!!
What you are about to see is a dramatization portrayed by trained
actors! It illustrates a very stereotypical conversation
between Thinking and Feeling types…
Key Words
Thinking
HeadDistantThings
ObjectiveCritiqueAnalyze
Firm but fair
HeartPersonalPeople
SubjectivePraise
UnderstandMerciful
Feeling
It’s All About Preference
We all do Thinking and Feeling things.
But we usually do not do themwith equal comfort.
Most of us have a preference for one
over the other.
Where Do You Fit?
Given the choice, which do you prefer:
Thinking or Feeling?
Thinking
Feeling
Judging and Perceiving
J PHow we organize our environment and how
we plan and complete tasks
People who Prefer…
Judging
• Want the external world to be organized and orderly
• Look at the world and see decisions that need to be made
• Like getting things settled and finished
• Like to plan ahead to avoid a rush
• Often cling to plans and dislike interruptions, even for important matters
• May make decisions too quickly• May seem rigid, demanding and
inflexible to Perceiving types
• Seek to experience the world, not organize it
• Look at the world and see options that need to be explored
• Like to leave things open, gather more information
• Tend to think there is plenty of time
• Often have many unfinished projects and have trouble planning
• May have trouble deciding• May seem disorganized and
irresponsible to Judging types
Perceiving
For the Visual Learners…
3
4
5
DEADLINE
2
1
J PDEADLINE
Key Words
Judging
OrganizedDecisionControl
NowClosure
DeliberatePlan
FlexibleInformationExperience
LaterOptions
SpontaneousWait
Perceiving
It’s All About Preference
We all do Judging and Perceiving things.
But we usually do not do themwith equal comfort.
Most of us have a preference for one
over the other.
Where Do You Fit?
Given the choice, which do you prefer:
Judging or Perceiving?
Judging
Perceiving
Now….
You should have chosen one letter from each of the following options to give you a Self-
Estimate Type.
E or I
S or N
T or F
J or P
The 16 Types
ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ
ISTP ISFP INFP INTP
ESTP ESFP ENFP ENTP
ESTJ ESFJ ENFJ ENTJ
Levels of Confidence in Personal Type
True Type
Best Fit Type
Self Estimate and Reported Type
Expectations
• 2/3–3/4 of any group will agree with their reported type and the general description of their type.
• When people disagree, it’s usually on one preference—and often one on which they had a “slight” result.
• When people report having changed type, it is likely that they have had an incorrect administration—the “mind-setting” was not done properly, resulting in the reporting of “work type” or “ideal self.”
Type Distribution
ISTJ; 11.60%
ISTP; 5.40%
ESTP; 4.30%
ESTJ; 8.70%
ISFJ; 13.80%
ISFP; 8.80%ESFP; 8.50%
ESFJ; 12.30%
INFJ; 1.50%
INFP; 4.30%
ENFP; 8.10%
ENFJ; 2.40%
INTJ; 2.10%
INTP; 3.30% ENTP; 3.20%ENTJ; 1.80%
16 Types
I Hope You Have Enjoyed Learning About Type Today
"The great events of world history are, at bottom, profoundly unimportant. In the last analysis, the essential thing is the life of the individual. This alone makes history, here alone do the great transformations first take place, and the whole future, the whole history of the world, ultimately
spring as a gigantic summation from these hidden sources in individuals. In our most private and most subjective lives we are not only the passive witnesses of our age, and its sufferers,
but also its makers. We make our own epoch." ~ C.G. Jung