Myanmar Air Force 1

Myanmar Air Force

Myanmar Air Force / Burmese Air ForceTatmadaw Lei

The Myanmar Air Force flag, featuring the Air Force roundel. It is one of the few roundels in the world not based on the nationalflag; rather it features the Golden Triangle, as a reference to Myanmar's geographical location.

Founded 16 January 1947

Country Myanmar (Burma)

Branch Air Force

Role Air Defence, Counter Insurgency

Size 23,000

Part of Myanmar Armed Forces

Nickname Tatmadaw Lei

Commanders

Minister of Defence Major General Hla Min

Commander-in-Chief of Myanmar Armed Forces General Min Aung Hlaing

Commander-in-Chief (Air) Lieutenant General Myat Hein

Insignia

Roundel

Aircraft flown

Attack A-5M

Bomber A-5M

Fighter F-7M Airguard

Helicopter Mil Mi-35

Interceptor Mikoyan MiG-29

Reconnaissance Soko G-4 Super Galeb

Trainer PC-7

Transport Y-8D

The Myanmar Air Force (Burmese: တပ်မတော် (လေ), pronounced [taʔmədɔ̀ lè]) is the aerial branch of Myanmar' armedforces, the Tatmadaw. It is mainly used in counter-insurgency campaigns, and, on a smaller, scale, in relief missions,especially after the deadly Cyclone Nargis of May 2008.

Myanmar Air Force 2

History

Post Independence era (1948-1990)

Myanmar Air Force Badge

The Myanmar Air Force was formed on 16 January 1947, while Myanmar(also known as Burma) was still under British rule. By 1948, the new air forcefleet included 40 Airspeed Oxfords, 16 de Havilland Tiger Moths, 4 Austersand 3 Supermarine Spitfires transferred from Royal Air Force with a fewhundred personnel. The primary mission of Myanmar Air Force since itsinception has been to provide transport, logistical, and close air support toMyanmar Army in counter-insurgency operations. in its entire history, the airforce has never been in air to air battle.[1]

The Mingaladon Air Base HQ, the main air base in the country, was formedon 16 June 1950. No.1 Squadron, Equipment Holding Unit and Air HighCommand - Burma Air Force, and the Flying Training School, were placedunder the jurisdiction of the base. A few months later, on 18 December 1950,No. 2 Squadron was formed with nine Dakotas as a transport squadron. In 1953, the Advanced Flying Unit with DeHavilland Vampire Mark T55s was formed under the Mingaladon Air Base and by the end of 1953, The BurmeseAir Force had 3 main airbases, at Mingaladon, Hmawbi and Meiktila, in central Myanmar.[1]

In 1953, Myanmar Air Force bought 30 Supermarine Spitfire from Israel and 20 Supermarine Seafire from UnitedKingdom and 40 Hunting Provost T-53 and 8 De Havilland Vampire Mark T55 from United Kingdom in 1954. In1953, the Advanced Flying Unit with De Havilland Vampire Mark T55s was formed under the Mingaladon Air Baseand by the end of 1953, The Myanmar Air Force had 3 main airbases, at Mingaladon, Hmawbi and Meiktila, incentral Myanmar.[1]

In late 1955, the Burmese Air Force formed a Maintenance Air Base in Mingaladon, No. 501 Squadron Group(Hmawbi Airbase) and No. 502 Squadron Group (Mingaladon Air Base). In 1956, Myanmar Air Force bought 10Cessna 180 air crafts from United States. The same year, for the first time, introduced 6 Kawasaki Bell 47G to itshelicopter fleet. The following year, Myanmar Air Force procured 21 Hawker Sea Fury aircraft from UnitedKingdom, six Beachcraft from United States and nine de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter from Canada. In 1958, itprocured 7 additional Kawasaki Bell 47G and 12 Vertol H-21 Shawnee from United States.[1] Five years later, No.503 Squadron Group was formed with No. 51 Squadron (de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otters and Cessna 180s) andNo. 53 Squadron (Bell 47Gs, Kaman HH-43 Huskies and Alouettes) in Meiktila.[1]

In 1962, a new radar station in Mingaladon and a mobile radar station in Lwemwe (near Tachileik) were put intooperation. By December 1964, the Air Force had 323 officers and 5677 other ranks and it acquired Lockheed T-33Shooting Star Jet trainers and a new radar station, which could operate within a 120-mile radius, was opened inNamsang. In 1966, the radar arm of the air force underwent a complete overhaul and upgrade, with new radarstations being operated. The Namsang Radar station was upgraded to cover about a 200-mile radius and renamed toNo.71 Squadron. In the same year Myanmar Air Force formed the No. 1 Airborne Battalion with 26 officers and 750other ranks.[2]

On 1 January 1967, the Myanmar Air Force reorganized its command structure. No. 501 Squadron Group inHmawbi became No. 501 Air Base HQ; No. 502 Squadron Group in Mingalardon became No. 502 Air Base HQ;and No. 503 Squadron Group in Meiktila became No. 502 Air Base HQ in Meiktila. It also maintained airfielddetachments in Lashio and Kengtung to cope with the insurgency of Burmese Communicaty Party in the northeastborder region of the country.[1]

In 1975 took delivery of 18 Bell 205A and 7 Bell 206B from the United States under International Narcotic ControlProgram (INCP). In March, 1975, Myanmar Air Force bought 20 SIAI-Marchetti SF.260 trainers from Italy.[1]

Myanmar Air Force 3

Between 1976 to 1987, Myanmar Air Force bought 7 Pilatus PC-6 Turbo porter STOL aircraft (2 in 1976, 2 in 1977and 3 in 1978), 16 Pilatus PC-7 (8 in 1979 and 9 in 1980) and 10 Pilatus PC-9 (in 1987) turboprop trainers fromSwitzerland. These aircraft were deployed in Lashio for close air support for counter insurgency operations.[1]

Modernization programme (1990 - present)

Air Force personnel in October 2010

In the early 1990s, the Myanmar Air Force upgraded its facilities andintroduced two new Air Base headquarters and existing Air Baseheadquarters were renamed. It also significantly upgraded its radar andelectronic warfare facilities. Myanmar Air Force bought more than 100aircraft from China, which included F7 IIK interceptors, FT-7 Trainers,A-5C Ground Attack Aircraft, FT-6M trainers, K-8 trainers and Y-8transport aircraft. In December 1990, Myanmar Air Force took the firstdelivery of 10 F7 IIK interceptors and two FT-7 Trainers followed byanother batch of 12 F7 IIK interceptors in May, 1993. Furtherdeliveries of F7 IIK interceptors were made in 1995, 1998 and 1999.

By 2000, Myanmar Air Force has received 62 F7 IIK interceptors fromChina.[1] Israel was contracted to refurbish and upgrade all operationalF-7s and FT-7s: these were to get the Elta EL/M-2032 air-to-air radar,Rafael Python Mk. III and even Litening laser-designator pods. Thesame equipment was then installed on the two-seater FT-7 fightertrainers as well. In a related deal, Israel delivered to Myanmar at leastone consignment of laser-guided bombs, but no deliveries of any otherweapons are known. Since the Elbit contract was won in 1997, the airforce has acquired at least one more squadron of F-7 and FT-7 aircraft from China, but these were not upgraded.

Between 1992 and 2000, Myanmar Air Force took delivery of 36 A-5C Ground Attack Aircraft from China. Inaddition, Myanmar Air Force also bought 20 Soko G-4 Super Galeb armed jet trainers from Yugoslavia in 1991.Myanmar Air Force procured a range of helicopters from Russia and Poland between 1991 and 1997. It bought 20PZL-Swidnik Mil Mi-2 and 13 PZL W-3 Sokol helicopters from Poland and 13 Mil Mi-17 from Russia. Thesehelicopters were put into counter insurgency operations against ethnic rebels in Irrawaddy delta. 4 Mil Mi-2, 4 PZLW-3 Sokol and 2 Bell 205 helicopters were grouped as an air detachment stationed in Bogalay for "OperationMonediang" in October 1991. During this operation, Mil Mi-2 were fitted with a wide range of weapons to provideground attack and air cover for heliborne Air Assault operations. 4 Mil Mi-2 of the air detachment made a total of 80sorties over 17 targets with nearly 82 flying hours. 4 PZL W-3 Sokol helicopters, unarmed and used for trooptransport carrying 20 airborne commandos, each flew 443 missions with 197 flying hours. Bell 205 carried outsearch and rescue, and they flew 263 missions with over 114 flying hours.[1]

In 2001, Myanmar Air Force bought 12 Mig-29 Fighter Aircraft (10 MiG-29Bs and two MiG-29UB two seatstrainers)[1] from Russia. This was followed by additional order of 20 Mig-29 (10 MiG-29B, 6 MiG-29SE and 4MiG-29UB )as part of $570 Million defense package in December, 2009. Myanmar Air Force also ordered 10 MilMi-35 Hind E gunship helicopters as part of $71 Million defence package signed in December,2009[3] followed byadditional order of 50 in December, 2010.[4]

Despite these modernization measures, the capability of Myanmar Air Force remained questionable, due to its absentduring Battle of Border Post 9631 with Thais and the rescue missions of the cyclone Nargis.

Myanmar Air Force 4

Commander in Chiefs and Chief of Air Staffs since 1948Commander-in-Chief and Chief of Air Staff in chronological order• 1. Wing Commander Saw Shi Sho• 2. Major Tommy Clift• 3. Lieutenant Colonel Thura Selwyn James Khin• 4. Brigadier General Thura Tommy Clift• 5. Brigadier General Thaung Dan• 6. Major General Thura Saw Phyu• 7. Major General Ko Gyi• 8. Lieutenant General Tin Tun• 9. Lieutenant General Thein Win• 10. Lieutenant General Tin Ngwe• 11.Major General Kyaw Than• 12.Major General Myint Swe• 13.Lieutenant General Myat Hein

OrganisationsPersonnel: 23,000 all ranks (including 1 Airborne Battalion with twenty six officers and 750 other personnel of otherranks).[1]

• Air Force headquarters, Ministry of Defense (Naypyitaw)• Aircraft Production and Repair Base Headquarters (Mingaladon)• Air Force - Ground Training Base (Meiktila)• Air Force - Fly Training Base (Shante)

Myanmar Air Force 5

Air Bases

Air Bases of Myanmar AF

• Pathein Air Base HQ• Hmawbi Air Base HQ (former 501 Air Base)• Mingaladon Air Base HQ (former 502 Air Base)• Magway Air Base HQ (established in 2000)• Myitkyina Air Base HQ (former 503 Air Base)• Myike Air Base HQ• Namsang Air Base HQ• Taungoo Air Base HQ• Meikhtila (Shante) Air Base HQ - for trainning and operation,

another airbase at Meikthila is helicopter training base.• Homemalin Air Base HQMyanmar Air Force also utilized civilian airfields as front-line airfields in case of foreign invasion.

Air Defence

Bureau of Air Defense

The Air Defence Command was formed during the late 1990s but wasnot fully operational until late 1999. It was renamed Bureau of AirDefense in the early 2000s. In early 2000, Tatmadaw establishedMyanmar Integrated Air Defence System (MIADS) with help fromRussia, Ukraine and China.It is a tri-service bureau with units from allthree branches of Myanmar Armed Forces. All Air Defence assets except Anti-Aircraft Artillery within Tatmadawarsenal are integrated into MIADS. AAA guns are mostly unguided and deploy to use in barrage-style firing againstattacking aircraft. MIADS is directly answerable to Bureau of Air Defence under Ministry of Defence.[2]

In 2010, Myanmar Air Defense Command has completed installation of optical fiber communication networkthroughout the country. Those network are to be used for Air defense operations between Central Command HQfrom capital & several air bases, early warning radar stations & mobile anti air craft missile & artillery units. Aftercompletion of fiber optic project & radar stations, MIADS (Myanmar Integrated Air Defense System) becomes themost advance AD system in the region.

Chief of Staff of Air Defence Years Notes

Lt. General Soe Win 1997–2004 Later became Prime Minister

Lt. General Myint Hlaing 2004–2010

Lt. General Sein Win 2010 - current

Sector Operations Commands

Under MIADS, the country was divided into six Air Defense Sectors, each controlled by a Sector Operations Center (SOC) and reporting directly to the National Air Defense Operations Center (ADOC) in Yangon. Each SOC transmitted data back to Intercept Operations Centers (IOC), which in turn controlled SAM batteries and fighter/interceptor squadrons at various Air Bases. Each IOC was optimized to direct either SAMs or fighter/interceptor aircraft against incoming enemy aircraft or missile. Each IOC was connected to observer and early warning area reporting posts (RP) via military owned underground fibre optic cable network. There were about 100

Myanmar Air Force 6

radar stations located at approximately 40 sites throughout the country. New Air Defence radars such as 1L117radars, Galaxy Early Warning Radar and P series radars are installed in all radar stations.[5]

Each Sector Operation Center (SOC) is commanded by a Major General and it consists of one air defense divisionfrom Myanmar Army and one fighter-interceptor wing from Myanmar Air Force. Sometimes Air Defense Frigatesfrom Myanmar Navy also operates under the direct command of respective SOC.Each Air Defense division is commanded by a Brigadier General and consists of three Air Defense TacticalOperations Command (TOC) and support units. One Medium Range Surface to Air Missile Tactical OperationsCommand (MRSAM-TOC), with three battalions equipped with Buk M-1 or Kub missile system is deployed in anArea Defense Belt role. One Short Range Air Defense Tactical Operations Command (SHORAD-TOC), with threebattalions equipped with Tor M-1 missile system is deployed in a Point Defense role for critical areas such as radarstations, fighter bases and SOC headquarters. One Electronic Reconnaissance Tactical Operations Command(EIR-TOC) with 6 to 8 radar and communication companies for early warnings and interdiction detection.Each fighter-interceptor wing commanded by a Brigadier General and is composed of three Fighter squadrons ofeither MiG-29 and F-7M Airguard Interceptors (ten air crafts per squadron) and their ground base support units.[5]

Sector Operation Centers Headquarters Notes

Northern SOC Myitkyina

Southern SOC Myeik

Western SOC Sittwe

Eastern SOC Tachilek

South Eastern SOC Yay

Central SOC Meiktila

Aircraft inventory

Current aircraft

Name Country Type Quantity Armament

Fighter/Interceptor

Chengdu J-7Airguard(F-7IIK)

 People'sRepublic of China

fighter interceptor 25 (As of February 2011)[6] equipped with French R550Magic air-to-air missiles

Mikoyan MiG-29  Russia multirolefighter-interceptor

32 (10 MiG-29B (Fulcrum-A) and 2MiG-29UB (Two seat trainers) currently inoperation.,[7] Ordered additional 20MiG-29( 10MiG-29B, 6 MiG-29SE and 4MiG-29UB ) as part of $570 Milliondefence package in December, 2009[8]

30 mm cannon, R73 WVRAAMs, R77 and R 27 BVRAAMs, S9 and S18 rockets,500and 250 kg bombs (currently notmore than 3 airframes havecomplete avionics includingHUD)

Chengdu J-7Airguard (FT-7)

 People'sRepublic of China

Two Seats Trainer 6 (As of February 2011)[6] equipped with French R550Magic air-to-air missiles

Fighter Ground Attack

Shenyang J-6  People'sRepublic of China

fighter-ground attack 1 internal cannon armament andbombs

A-5C  People'sRepublic of China

fighter-ground attack 20 (As of February 2011)[6] 30mm cannon, rocket pods andbombs

Myanmar Air Force 7

Xian JH-7  People'sRepublic of China

fighter-ground attack 12 ( delivery to complete in 2012 ) Negotiated with china forreplacement of Nanchang Q-5attack aircraft

Soko G-4 SuperGaleb

 Yugoslavia tandem-seat low-wingadvanced jet trainer

6 delivered (4 remain operational) guided air-to-air andair-to-surface missiles

Pilatus PC-9  Switzerland single-engine, low-wingtandem-seat turboproptraining aircraft

10[9] Total of six underwing pylons forgun pods (e.g. FFV Uni 12.7 mmpods), rocket pods and bombs

Training Aircraft

Pilatus PC-7Turbo Trainer

 Switzerland light trainer training &maritime surveillance

16 unarmed

Britten-NormanBN-2 Islander

 UnitedKingdom

Maritime Surveillance 2 unarmed, supplied by India

Hongdu K-8Karakorum

 People'sRepublic of China

advanced jet trainer 62 (12 + 50)[10] unarmed

Transport

Shaanxi Y-8D2Cub

 People'sRepublic of China

turboprop transport 4 unarmed

Fokker F-27Friendship

 Netherlands turboprop transport 2 unarmed

Fairchild HillerFH-227

 United States twin-engined turboproppassenger/transportaircraft

3 unarmed

ATR 72  France twin-engined turboproppassenger/transportaircraft

2 VIP transportation for domesticflight ( ATR-72 and ATR-42 )

Antonov An-148  Russia twin-engined jetpassenger/transportaircraft

2 VIP transportation for domesticflight

Cessna 180Skywagon

 United States light utility/liaisonaircraft

4 unarmed

Cessna 550Citation

 United States business jet/liaisonaircraft

1 unarmed

Pilatus PC-6A/BTurbo Porter

 Switzerland liaison aircraft 5 unarmed

Harbin Y-12  China Utility 2[11] unarmed

Helicopters

Mil Mi-35/MilMi-24V (Hind-E)

 Soviet Union Attack helicopter 60. 10 ordered as part of $71 Milliondefence package signed inDecember,2009.[3] Another 50 ordered inSeptember 2010[4]

Gunship - twin-barrel GSh-23L23mm nose mounted cannon, 8AT-6 Spiral missile, B-8V20Rocket pods with 20 S-8 rocketS-8 80mm Rockets, S-24 240mmrockets

Mil Mi-17  Soviet Union transport helicopter 11 machine gun/gunship

Bell UH-1Iroquois

 United States training helicopter 10 remain operational machine gun/gunship

Myanmar Air Force 8

PZL W-3 SokółFalcon

 Poland multipurpose utilityhelicopter

10 twin 23 mm GSz-23Ł cannonand four pylons for weapons /gunship platform

Mil Mi-2  Poland small, lightly armoredtransport helicopter

19 23 mm NS-23 gun, 7,62 mmmachine gun and 2x 57 mmunguided rocket pods Mars-2.Optional 7,62 mm machine gun

HAL Dhruv PoleStar

 India utility helicopter 3 anti-armour missiles, fourair-to-air missiles or four rocketpods for 70 mm and 68 mmrockets

Bell 205JetRanger

 United States multipurpose utilityhelicopter

12 machine gun and rocketlaunchers?

Bell 206JetRanger

 United States multipurpose utilityhelicopter

6 machine gun and rocketlaunchers?

Aérospatiale SA316B Alouette III

 France light utility helicopter 8 or 9 two side-mounted machine guns

Serials and markings

Myanmar Air Force Fokker F27-500 in 2005.

Myanmar Air Force Shaanxi Y8 in 2009.

Myanmar national insignia (white triangle with yellow field in thecenter and borders in blue) is usually applied on six positions. Theserialling system of Myanmar Air Force aircraft is suggested to serveas both – unit and individual aircraft identity, this could not beconfirmed so far, however. Most of the older airplanes carried theserials with the prefix “UB” and the numbers in Burmese. Sometimesthe serials were outlined in white. Combat aircraft generally carryserials in black.

Myanmar Air Force 9

Myanmar Air Force Soko G-4 Super Galeb atSOKO factory in Mostar, SFR Yugoslavia.

Myanmar Air Force Mikoyan MiG-29 at YangonInternational Airport, Mingaladon Township,

Myanmar.

Type Serials & Markings

Aérospatiale SA316B Alouette III

dark green overall, large black serial on the boom: UB6101 (unit unknown)

Bell 206 JetRanger camouflage colours unknown, serials reported to be 6201 through 6218 (unit unknown).

Fokker F-27Friendship

white overall, double black cheat line along the fuselage, black serial on the forward part of the fin: 5001 (unit unknown).

Pilatus PC-6A/BTurbo Porter

dark earth on light earth over, sky under, white serial on the rear fuselage: 50+04 (unit unknown).

Pilatus PC-7 TurboTrainer

dark grey or dark olive green overall, black anti-glare panels in front of the cockpit, ruder checkered in black and yellow,serials in white, split by the national marking: 23+01 through 23+16 (two of original Swiss civil codes are also known:HB-HQA and HB-HQB), (Flying School).

Pilatus PC-9 same as Pilatus PC-7 Turbo Trainer ; serials unknown (unit unknown).

Soko G-4 SuperGaleb

dark olive drab over, sky under; white serial on the nose: 371, 376 (Fighter Training School/COIN Squadron).

Chengdu J-7Airguard (F-7IIK)

dark grey and dark green over, light blue underneath, national markings on the top of the fin and on rear fuselage (over thetrailing edge); serial in White split by the national marking: 16+22.

A-5 dark green/dark earth/sand over, sky under; black serial on the fin: 1503 (unit unknown, but could be the 1st Wing).

PZL W-3 SokółFalcon

black or dark green overall, national marking on the fin, no serials visible.

Mikoyan MiG-29 "Russian" light blue overall, with "azur" blue and light Blue fields on upper surfaces; national markings on the fin andbehind the cockpit; serial in Arabic characters applied in black on the fin, and repeated in Burmese characters of each side ofthe cockard: 27+09/2709.

Hongdu K-8Karakorum

white over, red under; wings in white with red wingtips, rudder checkered in yellow and black, black serials on the fin,repeated large around the national marking on the rear fuselage: 39+07 (Flying School).

Myanmar Air Force 10

References[1] Myoe, Maung Aung: Building the Tatmadaw[2] Defence Services Historical Museum and Research Institute[3] http:/ / www. mizzima. com/ news/ world/ 3200-russia-burma-sign-arms-deal. html[4] http:/ / www. irrawaddy. org/ article. php?art_id=19419[5] Defense Services Museum, Yangon[6] Adam Baddeley (February 2011). "The AMR Regional Air Force Directory 2011" (http:/ / www. asianmilitaryreview. com/ upload/

201102172337151. pdf). Asian Military Review. . Retrieved 19 July 2011.[7] Bernama News: From Thai Military Blog (http:/ / www. bloggang. com/ mainblog. php?id=skyman& month=10-10-2006& group=3&

blog=1)[8] http:/ / en. rian. ru/ business/ 20091223/ 157331457. html[9] http:/ / www. asianmilitaryreview. com/ upload/ 201102172337151. pdf[10] Burma Buys 50 Fighter Jets From China (http:/ / www. irrawaddy. org/ article. php?art_id=18726)[11] Harbin Y-12#Military operators

• World Aircraft Information Files. Brightstar Publishing, London. File 333 Sheet 05

Article Sources and Contributors 11

Article Sources and ContributorsMyanmar Air Force  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=460750547  Contributors: 61mei31, Aldis90, Analayo, Auntof6, BD2412, Booksworm, Buckshot06, Buttons, Certes,Chris the speller, D6, Denniss, Dr. Blofeld, Ekyaw, Enigmaman, Erlkonig, Fat pig73, Flayer, Freeairforce, Geni, GraemeLeggett, Greenshed, Hintha, Hybernator, Jaraalbe, John of Reading,Khutdown, Koavf, Kos93, Kwantonge, Lazauk, Letdorf, LilHelpa, Linnell, LionFlyer, Lovetravel86, Mg burma, Mg myanmar, Mgba, MilborneOne, Milesli, Nono64, Octahedron80, Okkar,Ozoskii, Pikeman327, Russavia, Sayanc, Sfan00 IMG, Shovon76, Sonofthesea, Tawoo, Tom Paine, Ujustu4u, Umoaye, Uthantofburma, Victor12, Windymind, Zedlander, 117 anonymous edits

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