My name: Faten kayed El-khaldi.

No: 22011997

Presentation about Horace.

Presented to : DR. Ayman El-hallaq.

Outline:

About Horace. The subject of poetry. Function of Poetry. Language and Diction of Poetry. Poetry& panting. The role of imagination. Feelings. Appropriateness . Form and content matched. Views on Drama.

HoraceA Roman lyric poet, satirist, and critic Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus) was born in Apulia, Italy, in 65 B.C. His father, an Italian Freedman, sent Horace to the finest school in Rome. He then studied literature and philosophy

in Athens .His Ars poetica ( a Latin phrase meaning “the art of poetry.”). In it, Horace expressed his own rules for writing poetry . It deals with the art of poetry under three heads:

a) Poesis or the subject-matterb) Poema or form, and,c) Poeta or the poet.

The subject of poetry:

For Horace, The poet should know his limitations and choose a subject within his power and appropriate to his gifts.

Function of Poetry

To Plato : seeking the ideal.

To Aristotle : achieving catharsis through pity and fear.

To Horace : creating beauty .

Language and Diction of Poetry

• Following Aristotle, he also emphasizes the right choice of words and their effective arrangement in composition. A poet is free to use both familiar and new words.

• The language of poetry should be different from the language of common people.

Poetry& panting:

Horace equates poetry with painting .They are not merely imitation, it also a creative imagination .- Poetry and painting are kind of imagination.

- Painting needs to be beautified by color and poetry needs to be beautified by words.

The role of imagination Poetry is a kind of imagination not imitation. The poet is free to indulge their fancy , to use their imagination but they should remain true to life.

Feelings ‘It is not enough for poems to have beauty; they

must also be pleasing and lead the listener’s soul whither they will. If you would have me weep, you must first express grief yourself.

Appropriateness

Appropriateness of words: The words come and go like the leaves of a tree.

The words need to be used in proper places according to the nature of the words . Poets should use familiar words in quite different way from the language of common people it should be magnified.

Appropriateness of meter: Each type of poetry must have it's own appropriate

meter ex. Ode is appropriate to hymns.

Form and content matched:

The style should be proper. By proper, he means that the trivial and serious matters should not be written in the same way, the treatment of serious matter should not be in trivial form. Therefore, form and content

should be matched .

Views on Drama

Horace studies drama under three heads : • Plot: should be borrowed from familiar material;

the chorus should be an integral part of the plot.• characters: should behave consistently and

naturally;• Style: iambic metre was most suitable for

drama. Dramatic speech should observe propriety : it should suit the character, its sex, its age; its moods.

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