Muslims Who Risked Their Lives to Save Jews During the Holocaust

MuslimsWhoRiskedTheirLivestoSaveJewsDuringtheHolocaust:

OverviewandSourcesofInformation

CraigT.PalmerDepartmentofAnthropology

UniversityofMissouri

AmberL.PalmerDepartmentofVisual&MediaAnthropology

FreieUniversitätBerlin

MountainseastofTirana,Albania

HowwecametostudythissubjectThePuzzleofAltruism

MoralElevationBinahYitzritFoundation

YadVashemTheRighteousAmongtheNations

YearOne(2013-2014)

HolocaustMuseumsintheUnitedStates,Canada,Israel,Germany,Poland,andHungary

*YearTwo(2014-2015)RighteousMuslimsand/orArabs

MajorStrasser:“ItispossibletheFrenchauthoritieswillfindareasontoputhimintheconcentrationcamphere.”

Casablanca(1942)

RobertSatloff“AmongtheRighteous:

LostStoriesoftheHolocaust’sLongReachintoArabLands”

ReadmoreaboutthetruestoriesinAmongtheRighteous.Plus,watchvideoclipsandextendedinterviewsaboutsomeofthepeopleprofiled.KhaledAbdulWahabAcharismatic,cosmopolitanTunisiannotonlyhidalocalJewishfamilyathisfarm,butalsoprotectedthewomenfromharm.SiAliSakkatAfteralongcareerinpublicservice,anArabnoblemanretiredtoafarm,where,oneday,hewelcomedandharboredsomeunexpectedguests--Jewishmenwhohadescapedfromalaborcampduringabattle.NissimZviliWhenthefatherofthisTunisianJewishfamilywasconscriptedforforcedlaborbytheNazis,theothersweretakentoafarmforprotectionbyanArabfriend.MoriceTondowskiAyoungPolishmanfledhiscountrytoescapethewar,butafterjoiningtheFrenchmilitary,woundupinadesertlaborcamp.SilvanShalomAfterthemalemembersofthisinfluentialJewishfamilyescapedtoavoidarrestbytheNazis,thewomenwereaidedbyacompassionateandquick-thinkingArabneighbor.HamzaAbdulJalilTheownerofaneighborhoodbathhouseinTunisiahidayoungJewishmanwhowastryingtoevadeaNazidragnetforforcedlaborers.JosephScemlaBetrayedbytheirArab'friend,'thisTunisianJewishmanandhistwosonssufferedtheultimatefate--deportationtoGermanyandexecutionataNaziprison.

MonumentsorExhibitsonArabRescuers

Algeria,Tunisia,Libya,Jordan,SaudiArabia,Iraq,Iran,Syria? asmallstonemonumentinaJewishcemeteryinTunisia Morocco KingMohammedV,TheJewishMuseuminCasablanca Egypt Mohammed“Mod”Helmy,EgyptiandoctorrecognizedasaRighteous AmongtheNations,butwhosefamilyrefusedtoaccepttheaward.

Paris

GrandeMosquéedeParisanditsrectorSiKaddour Benghabrit. *Children’sbookWestBank ThePalestinianMuseumontheHolocaustcreatedby KhaledKasabMahameedinNazareth. NeveShalom

Holocaustmemorial,JewishCemeteryBorgel,Tunis.


Algeria,Tunisia,Libya,Jordan,SaudiArabia,Iraq,Iran,Syria asmallstonemonumentinaJewishcemeteryinTunisia Morocco? KingMohammedV,MoroccanJewishMuseuminCasablanca Egypt Mohammed“Mod”Helmy,EgyptiandoctorrecognizedasaRighteous AmongtheNations,butwhosefamilyrefusedtoaccepttheaward.

Paris

GrandeMosquéedeParisanditsrectorSiKaddour Benghabrit. *Children’sbookWestBank ThePalestinianMuseumontheHolocaustcreatedby KhaledKasabMahameedinNazareth. NeveShalom


Algeria,Tunisia,Libya,Jordan,SaudiArabia,Iraq,Iran,Syria asmallstonemonumentinaJewishcemeteryinTunisia Morocco KingMohammedV,MoroccanJewishMuseuminCasablanca Egypt? Mohammed“Mod”Helmy

Paris GrandeMosquéedeParisanditsrectorSiKaddour Benghabrit. *Children’sbookWestBank ThePalestinianMuseumontheHolocaustcreatedby KhaledKasabMahameedinNazareth. NeveShalom

Mohamed“Mod”Helmy

Mohamed“Mod”Helmy“IfanyothercountryofferedtohonorHelmy,

wewouldhavebeenhappywithit,”MervatHassan,thewifeofHelmy’sgreat-nephew,toldtheAP.


Algeria,Tunisia,Libya,Jordan,SaudiArabia,Iraq,Iran,Syria asmallstonemonumentinaJewishcemeteryinTunisia Morocco KingMohammedV,MoroccanJewishMuseuminCasablanca Egypt Mohammed“Mod”Helmy,EgyptiandoctorrecognizedasaRighteous AmongtheNations,butwhosefamilyrefusedtoaccepttheaward.

Paris?

GrandeMosquéedeParisanditsrectorSiKaddourBenghabrit. WestBank ThePalestinianMuseumontheHolocaustcreatedby KhaledKasabMahameedinNazareth. NeveShalom

"Tothememoryofthedirector,thestaffandthestudentsofthisschool,arrestedin1943and1944bytheVichypoliceandtheGestapo,deportedandexterminatedatAuschwitzbecausetheywereborn

Jewish"


Algeria,Tunisia,Libya,Jordan,SaudiArabia,Iraq,Iran,Syria asmallstonemonumentinaJewishcemeteryinTunisia Morocco KingMohammedV,MoroccanJewishMuseuminCasablanca Egypt Mohammed“Mod”Helmy,EgyptiandoctorrecognizedasaRighteous AmongtheNations,butwhosefamilyrefusedtoaccepttheaward.

Paris

GrandeMosquéedeParisanditsrectorSiKaddour Benghabrit. Israel ThePalestinianMuseumontheHolocaustcreatedby KhaledKasabMahameedinNazareth. NeveShalom


Algeria,Tunisia,Libya,MiddleEast asmallstonemonumentinaJewishcemeteryinTunisia Morocco KingMohammedV,MoroccanJewishMuseuminCasablanca Egypt Mohammed“Mod”Helmy,EgyptiandoctorrecognizedasaRighteous AmongtheNations,butwhosefamilyrefusedtoaccepttheaward.

Paris

GrandeMosquéedeParisanditsrectorSiKaddour Benghabrit. Israel ThePalestinianMuseumontheHolocaustcreatedby KhaledKasabMahameedinNazareth. NeveShalom

NeveShalom

1949ArmisticeAgreement

Line

IsraeliJewsandArabsPlant'GardenoftheRighteous'

toHonorForgottenHolocaustHeroes

MonumentsorExhibitsonArabRescuers Albania NormanGershman “Besa:MuslimsWhoSavedJewsDuringWorldWarII” AlbanianNationalHistoricalMuseuminTirana

Turkey SelahattinÜlkümen,Rhodes,Greece TheTurkishPassport QuincentennialFoundationMuseumofTurkishJews BosniaandHerzegovina

Amongthe"righteous"aretheHardagafamilyfromBosniawho providedshelterfortheJewishKaviliofamilywhenGermanforces occupiedBosniain1943. Halfacenturylater,theHardagaswerethemselvessavedbythe KaviliosduringtheBosnianCivilWar. TheJewishMuseumorMuseumoftheJewsofBosniaand Herzegovina Gariwo

MonumentsorExhibitsonMuslimRescuers Albania NormanGershman “Besa:MuslimsWhoSavedJewsDuringWorldWarII” AlbanianNationalHistoricalMuseuminTirana



ALBANIANS

ALBANIANS




AlbanianNationalHistoricalMuseuminTirana

“InhonouroftheAlbanianmenandwomenwhoduringtheNaziGermanoccupation,1943-1944,guidedbytheprincipleofbesaandatgreatrisktothemselves,shelteredandsavedthelivesofallJewishpeoplelivinginAlbania.”

“Thegatesofyoursmallcountryremainedopen,Albania.Yourauthoritiesclosedbotheyes,whennecessary,togivepoorpersecutedpeopleanotherchancetosurvivethemosthorribleofallwars.Albania,wesurvivedthesiegebecauseofyourhumanity.”EscapeThroughtheBalkans

byIreneGrunbaum

MonumentsorExhibitsonMuslimRescuers

Albania NormanGershman “Besa:MuslimsWhoSavedJewsDuringWorldWarII” AlbanianNationalHistoricalMuseuminTirana



Rhodes,Greece

MonumentsorExhibitsonMuslimRescuers

Albania NormanGershman “Besa:MuslimsWhoSavedJewsDuringWorldWarII” AlbanianNationalHistoricalMuseuminTirana



InoccupiedEurope,TurkeywastheonlycountrythatstoodupwhileJewsweretakentocampstobekilled.Ateveryturnitbravelyandforcefullytriedtoprotectitscitizens.

AllwhowereinvolvedinthesavingofJews,everywhere,andthereweremanyinEuropeaswell,promotedthemselvesassuch.WhereastheTurkishdiplomatswhodidthisdon’tseemtohavemadeanyefforttogetrecognition.ThismaybepartofTurkishcharacteraswell.




TheQuincentennialFoundationMuseumofTurkishJews

Istanbul

“WallofHonor”


Turkey SelahattinÜlkümen,Rhodes,Greece TheTurkishPassport QuincentennialFoundationMuseumofTurkishJews BosniaandHerzegovina Sarajevo Amongthe"righteous"aretheHardagafamilyfromBosniawho providedshelterfortheJewishKaviliofamilywhenGermanforces occupiedBosniain1943. Halfacenturylater,theHardagaswerethemselvessavedbythe KaviliosduringtheBosnianCivilWar. TheJewishMuseumorMuseumoftheJewsofBosniaand Herzegovina Gariwo

Sarajevo

Sarajevo


Turkey SelahattinÜlkümen,Rhodes,Greece TheTurkishPassport QuincentennialFoundationMuseumofTurkishJews BosniaandHerzegovina Sarajevo MuseumoftheJewsofBosniaandHerzegovina Gariwo

MuseumoftheJewsofBosniaandHerzegovina

FiftyyearsaftertheHolocaust,whenin1994SarajevowasundertheattackofSerbforces,

Zejnebaandherfamilywereingreatdistress....

ItwasnowtheStateofIsraelthatpaidbackthedebtandhelpedtheHardagasintheirtimeofdistress.

ZejnebaHardaga


Turkey SelahattinÜlkümen,Rhodes,Greece TheTurkishPassport QuincentennialFoundationMuseumofTurkishJews BosniaandHerzegovina Sarajevo MuseumoftheJewsofBosniaandHerzegovina Gariwo

SvetlanaBroz

SvetlanaBroz

GardensoftheRighteousSarajevo

SvetlanaBroz


SvetlanaBrozWhenarttransmitsmemorytheportraitsoftheRighteousbyFrancineMayran



AFaceInscribedwithLifeAFaceInscribedwithLife



CertificateSchoolforCivilCourage

AFaceInscribedwithLife



TheatricalPerformanceaboutCivilCourage

AFaceInscribedwithLife

DuskoKondorGARIWO

DirectoroftheSeminarsonCivilCourageFebruary22nd2007


Turkey SelahattinÜlkümen,Rhodes,Greece TheTurkishPassport QuincentennialFoundationMuseumofTurkishJews BosniaandHerzegovina Sarajevo MuseumoftheJewsofBosniaandHerzegovina Gariwo Macedonia Skopje HolocaustMemorialCenterfortheJewsofMacedonia

HolocaustMemorialCenterfortheJewsofMacedonia,Skopje

MonumentsorExhibitsonMuslimandArabRescuers Berlin,Germany Berlin Stolperstein “StumbleStones” ModHelmy SilentHeroesMemorialSite

London,England FaithMatters“RighteousMuslims” Amsterdam

Berlin

MonumentsorExhibitsonMuslimandArabRescuers Berlin,Germany Stolperstein “StumbleStones” ModHelmy GermanResistanceMemorialCentreFoundation SilentHeroesMemorialSite


MonumentsorExhibitsonMuslimandArabRescuers Berlin,Germany Stolperstein “StumbleStones” ModHelmy GermanResistanceMemorialCentreFoundation SilentHeroesMemorialSite


GermanResistanceMemorialCentreFoundation

SilentHeroes

*

MonumentsorExhibitsonMuslimandArabRescuers Germany Berlin Stolperstein “StumbleStones” ModHelmy GermanResistanceMemorialCentreFoundation SilentHeroesMemorialSite

London,England FaithMatters Amsterdam

Faith-MattersTheRoleofRighteousMuslims

KhaledAbdulWahab

MonumentsorExhibitsonMuslimRescuers Germany Berlin Stolperstein “StumbleStones” ModHelmy GermanResistanceMemorialCentreFoundation SilentHeroesMemorialSite


JewsandMuslimsSavingEachOtherTentrueinstanceswhenJewsandMuslims

–attimesriskingeverything–savedeachother'slives.

http://virtualjerusalem.com/news.php?Itemid=18921

HopefullyNot

TheEnd

IreneGrunbaumEscapeThroughtheBalkanshttps://www.amazon.com/Escape-through-Balkans-Autobiography-Grunbaum/dp/0803270828RobertSatloffAmongtheRighteous(book)https://www.amazon.com/Among-Righteous-Robert-Satloff/dp/1586485105RobertSatloffAmongtheRighteous(pbsvideo)http://www.pbs.org/newshour/spc/among-the-righteous/index.htmlhttps://www.ushmm.org/information/exhibitions/online-features/special-focus/among-the-righteousHolocaustmemorial,JewishCemeteryBorgel,Tunis.https://jewishphotolibrary.smugmug.com/AFRICA/AFRICANorth/TUNISIA/TUNIS/TNTunisJewishCemeteryBorgel/n-TBcC8F/i-WtJTFcKMoroccanJewishMuseuminCasablancahttp://casajewishmuseum.com/ModHelmyhttp://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/stories/helmy.asphttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2470135/Dr-Mohamed-Helmy-Family-Arab-honoured-saving-Jew-Nazis-rejects-award.htmlhttp://www.gedenktafeln-in-berlin.de/nc/gedenktafeln/gedenktafel-anzeige/tid/mod-helmy/

KarenGrayRuelle&DeborahDurlandDeSaixTheGrandMosqueofParis:AStoryofHowMuslimsRescuedJewsDuringtheHolocausthttps://www.amazon.com/Grand-Mosque-Paris-Muslims-Holocaust/dp/0823423042ArabInstituteforHolocaustResearch,Nazarethhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khaled_Kasab_MahameedMepeace.orghttp://mepeace.org/NeveShalom“GardenoftheRighteous”http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-1.730893NormanGershmanBesa:MuslimsWhoSavedJewsDuringtheHolocausthttps://www.amazon.com/Besa-Muslims-Who-Saved-Jews/dp/0815609345Besa:ThePromisehttp://besathepromise.com/thefilm.htmlPalmer,C.T.&A.L.Palmer2016“WhyTraditionalEthicalCodesPrescribingSelf-SacrificeAreaPuzzletoEvolutionaryTheory:TheExampleofBesa”JournaloftheAssociationfortheStudyofEthicalBehavior/EvolutionaryBiologyinLiterature,12(1):40-50.http://www.christopherxjjensen.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/BesaASEBL2016.pdf

JewishMuseumofRhodeshttp://www.rhodesjewishmuseum.org/QuincentennialFoundationMuseumofTurkishJewshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Museum_of_TurkeyTurkishPassporthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Passport_(film)MuseumoftheJewsofBosniaandHerzegovinahttp://muzejsarajeva.ba/en/depadance/the-jewish-museumhttp://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/stories/hardaga.aspGariwohttp://www.gariwo.org/en/HolocaustMemorialCenterfortheJewsofMacedonia,Skopjehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocaust_Memorial_Center_for_the_Jews_of_MacedoniaStolpersteinhttp://www.stolpersteine.eu/en/GermanResistanceMemorialCentreFoundationhttp://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/home/

OttoWeidt(film)http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/the-blind-hero-new-film-tells-of-unsung-schindler-otto-weidt-who-saved-jews-from-nazi-death-camps-9042395.htmlSilentHeroesMemorialSitehttp://www.museumsportal-berlin.de/en/museums/gedenkstatte-stille-helden/Faith-Mattershttp://faith-matters.org/VirtualJerusalemhttp://virtualjerusalem.com/news.php?Itemid=18921YadVashem“MuslimRescuers”http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/stories/muslim_rescuers.aspYadVashem“BesaExhibit”http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/besa/index.aspProjectAladdinhttp://www.projetaladin.org/en/en-10-2.htmlSeedsofPeacehttp://www.seedsofpeace.org/

YadVashem“MuslimRescuers”http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/stories/muslim_rescuers.aspYadVashem“BesaExhibit”http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/besa/index.asp

NamesandNumbersofRighteousAmongtheNations-perCountry&EthnicOrigin,asofJanuary1,2016ThenumbersofRighteousarenotnecessarilyanindicationoftheactualnumberofrescuersineachcountry,butreflectthecasesthatweremadeavailabletoYadVashem.Formoreinformation>>>Albania 75 Italy 671Armenia 24 Japan 1Austria 107 Latvia 135Belarus 618 Lithuania 889Belgium 1,707 Luxembourg1Bosnia 42 Macedonia 10Brazil 2 Moldova 79Bulgaria 20 Montenegro1Chile 1 Netherlands 5,516China 2 Norway 62Croatia 115 Peru 1Cuba 1 Poland 6,620CzechRepublic115 Portugal 3Denmark* 22 Romania 60Ecuador 1 Russia 197Egypt 1 Serbia 135ElSalvador 1 Slovakia 558Estonia 3 Slovenia 7France 3,925 Spain 7Georgia 1 Sweden 10Germany 587 Switzerland 47GreatBritain(Incl.Scotland)21 Turkey 1Greece 328 Ukraine 2,544Hungary 837 USA 5Indonesia 2 Vietnam 1Ireland 1 Total:26,120 http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/statistics.asp

Documents

Muslims Who Risked Their Lives to Save Jews During the Holocaust