Philippine MusicA recap of the transition of

music by the Filipinos

Monyna LopezMeryll ParnasoPauline Reyes

• Music is regarded as the most universal in its appeal and acceptance. Each country has its own kind of music that embodies the total experience, the collective consciousness of its people. Music, therefore, is the collective expression of the musical genius of a particular people.

• A people gifted with a strong sense of musicality, the Filipinos turn to music to express their innermost feelings. – Antonio Hila

Indigenous Music

• Largely functional before colonial era• Instrumental, vocal or combination• Activities of the natives• Music for all occasions

Philippine Ethnic Music

• Understanding of Philippine ethnic music is the foundation of the appreciation of indigenous instruments

• Used in the various ritual and secular activities

• Generally grouped into the aerophones, chordophones, idiophones and membranophones

INSTRUMENTS - IDIOPHONES

• Instruments that are struck, scraped, plucked, shaken, or rubbed.

• There are metal or wooden (bamboo) idiophones in the Philippines.

AGUNG

KULINTANG

GABBANG (Bamboo Xylophone)

Instruments - Aerophones

• Made out of bamboo• Flute, pan pipes, reed pipes

KALALENG(Nose Flute)

PALENDAG

KUBING

Instruments - Chordophones

• Bamboo or wood stringed instrument• Struck, plucked or bowed

KOLITONG

Kudyapi

Duwagey

Instruments – Membranophones

• Single and double headed drums• Conical, cylindrical, goblet shaped, barrel

shaped• Animal skins (snake, deer, or goat) is used as

head/heads of the drum• May be beaten with sticks or by the palm

portion of bare hands• Often used with other instruments

DABAKAN

GANDANG

Vocal Music

• Like the instruments, it expresses and transmits in a concrete and vivid manner a great variety of the thoughts, beliefs, customs, lifestyles, temperament and way of life of the indigenous peoples.

• Singing - main component of life among them.

• Singing solo or in leader-chorus style with or without accompaniment, with or without the benefit of words.

Ethnic Songs

• As a whole, serve as a vehicle for the expression of matters that otherwise may not be acceptable in speech or ordinary conversation.

• Response - must also be rendered in song• Traditional methods of communication

depend not only on speech and memory but also on song.

Hispanic - Banda

• Brass-based form of traditional music• Ensemble of brass, woodwind, and percussion

instruments• Originated from Spain and Mexico• Usually found in different municipal

ceremonies or celebrations (e.g. fiestas)

Hispanic - Rondalla• Ensemble of plectrum instruments• It was introduced in the Philippines in the 19th

century by Spain and became one of the traditional forms of Philippine folk music.

• Philippine rondalla instruments are made up of wood and played with a tortoise-shell plectrum.

• Rondalla came from the Spanish word ronda, meaning to serenade

• Also seen in weddings and fiestas.

Hispanic - Sarswela

• Filipino version of the Spanish Zarsuela• Considered as the music in a play that has

singing and dancing and may consist of one to five chapters.

• A form of operetta

Philippine Folk Music

• It is a part of Filipino Culture and Identity• It reflects the everyday life of common folks• The lyrics tell stories about the people and

how they go about with their daily activities.• It is linked with nature.• Heavily influenced by Spain because of their

rule over the country for more than 300 years.

• Philippine folks songs has never reached national popularity due to the different languages and dialects that every region has.

EXAMPLES:• Luzon • Visayas • Mindanao

Kundiman (Cundiman)• Songsthat expresses feeling of romantic love

or intense longing and devotion.• “Kung hindi man” (if it should not be so)• Characterized by smooth, flowing, and gentle

rhythm and dramatic intervals.• The Kundiman came to be an art form at the

end of the 19th century.• The musical structure was formalized by

composers such as Nicanor Abelardo and Francisco Santiago.

• Dr. Francisco Santiago – The father of Kundiman art song

• The composers sought poetry for their lyrics, blending verses and music in equal parts.

• Usually accompanied by a guitar or violin• May also be used in serenading.

Awit at Korido

• Philippine Metrical Romances• The terms “awit” and “corrido” are both

related to music.• An array of songs and dances performed by

local talents.• Long verse narratives on chivalric-heroic,

religious, legendary and folkloric themes (Dr. Damania L. Eugenio, 1987).

• Heavily influenced by foreign literature.• Most popular among the Spanish colonial

literary forms.• None of the characters are natives. (e.g.

Arabs, Turks, knights, etc.)• Example: Florante at Laura (Francisco

Balagtas)

Uyayi• Lullabies• Refered to as the songs that mothers sing to

their babies to make them fall asleep

Modern Philippine Music

• Composed of songs from new and different genres.

• Up-to-date• Greatly influenced by the Western.

Chorale Music• A vocal ensemble • Can sing with or without instrumental

accompaniment.• Usually consists of sopranos, altos, tenors, and

basses.• Philippine Madrigal Singers (Madz) – two-time

champions in the European Grand Prix for Choral Singing (1997, and 2007

• The Philippines is considered as one of the most prestigious and multi-awarded country in Asia in terms of chorale music.

Original Philippine (Pinoy) Music

• Otherwise known as OPM• Filipino pop songs and ballads that were

popularized from 1970s through the mid 1900s.

• Because of the development of different music styles in our country, OPM is now referred to as the songs composed, created and sung by Filipino artists.

• Today, OPM artists are doing their best to promote and keep the Filipino music alive.

• There are a lot of genres under OPM such as:– Pinoy Rock / Alternative– Pinoy Rap / Hiphop– Pinoy RnB– Pinoy acoustic (etc.)

Pinoy Rock• Defined as rock music produced by Filipinos

with cultural sensibilities.• In the 1970s, rock acts like Freddie Aguilar,

Asin, and Juan de la Cruz band (headed by Pepe Smith) became popular in the country.

• In the mid 1980s, Pinoy rock became the music of Filipino protesters. (Aguilar’s “Bayan Ko”)

• In the 1990s, underground bands became known and played in bars such as Red Rocks (now known as Club Dredd).

• NU107.5 played more unknown bands and through this station, more bands were discovered. It also gave full exposure to Filipino bands like Eraserheads, Parokya ni Edgar, The Dawn, Siakol, Rivermaya, etc.

• In the 2000s, other genres like RnB, Hip hop, and Acoustic became popular causing Pinoy Rock to take a back seat. Only a few rock acts were able to come back.

• During this time, the Pinoy Rock music scene in Cebu also gained exposure.

Pinoy Rap / Hip-hop• Hip-hop music perfomed by Filipino descents,

whether in the Philippines or overseas.• The Philippines is known to have had the first

hip-hop music scene in Asia.• Francis M. (Magalona) and Andrew E are cited

as the most influential rappers in the country.• In the U.S.A., Apl.de.ap. (Black Eyed Peas),

Cassie Ventura, and N.E.R.D. are among the most successful hip-hop artists.

• Messages of moral values and social issues.

Pinoy RnB

• Similar to the RnB genre in the USA• Can be in English, Filipino, or Taglish• Only few have reached popularity (e.g. Kyla,

Jay-R, Young JV)

Acoustic

• Acoustic artists cover songs from different genres and make it mellow and sung with a guitar and/or a beatbox.

• They also write their own songs.• Popular in bars (Acoustic nights)

Filipinizing Western Music

• Filipinizing English Songs• By Evangeline Alvarez Encabo and Cherubim

Fajardo Valerio • Song interpretation - almost similar to the original• Meaning - somehow different from its origin.• Regardless of the meaning, the songs are a

certified hit in the Philippines because Filipino culture and interests were considered in the translation.

Tagalized/Filipinized Songs

• Irreplaceable (Beyonce) - Disposable• Umbrella (Rihanna)• Don’t Stop the Music (Rihanna) – ‘Wag Mong

Pipigilan• Bleeding Love (Leona Lewis) – Sugat ng Puso• Low (Flo Rida ) - Lawlaw• Always Be My Baby (David Cook) – Ikaw Lang Ang

Iibigin• Beautiful Girls (Sean Kingston)

Disposable

• Original:

You must not know ‘bout me

You must not know ‘bout me

I can have another you in a minute

Matter fact he’ll be here in a minute, Baby

• Tagalog:Wala kang kwentang lalakeMahilig kang mambabaeAkala mo siguro do ko malalamanAng katulad mong salawahan, leche!

• Original:You must not know

‘bout meYou must not know

‘bout meI can have another you

by tomorrowSo don’t you ever for a

second get to thinkingyou’re irreplaceable

•Tagalog:Wala kang kwentang lalake

Mahilig kang mambabae

Anong akala mo sa akin na

Pagkatapos mong gamitin iiwananI’m not disposable

‘Wag Mong Pipigilan• Original:It’s getting lateI’m making my way over

to my favorite placeI gotta get my body

moving shake the stress away

I wasn’t looking for nobody when you looked my way

Possible candidate (yeah)

•Tagalog:Hating gabiKami’y magpupunta sa Embassy

Kailangan bawasan ng timbang at maglibang

Kami’y magpapawis ng katawan

At katuwaan lang

Lawlaw

• Original:Shawty had them Apple

Bottom Jeans [Jeans]Boots with the fur [With the

fur]The whole club was lookin at

herShe hit the floor [She hit the

floor]Next thing you knowShawty got low low low low

low low low low

•Tagalog:Ang ganda ng jeans ang laylayan ay bitin

Lahat sa kanya nakatinginBewang nito (bewang nito)Nakalundo, nakalawlaw-law-law-law-law-law

Other Filipinized Songs

• Love the Way You Lie• Don’t Matter• So Sick• Go On Girl – Kakayanin Ko• With You – Sa ‘Yo

Famous People

Philippine Pop MusicPilita Corrales• “Asia’s Queen of Songs”• folk musical recording

artist all the way from Cebu.• Produced more than 135 albums

during her music career. 1990, she received a Merit Award from the FAMAS

Awards. A year later, she was given a Lifetime Achievement Award by the Philippine Association of the Record Industry for bringing Filipino musical artistry to international audience.

MR. C (Ryan Cayabyab)• Executive and Artistic

Director of the defunct San Miguel Foundation for the Performing Arts

• His works range from commissioned full-length ballets, theater musicals, choral pieces, a Mass set to unaccompanied chorus, and orchestral pieces, to commercial recordings of popular music, film scores and television specials.

• Kay Ganda ng Ating MusikaGawad CCP Awardee for Music, Antonio C.

Barreiro Achievement Award, Awit Awards, University of the Philippines Alumni Association has conferred upon him the Professional Award in music, laureate of the Onassis International Cultural Competitions (2nd Prize), having won for original music composition for dance, Ten Outstanding Young Men awardee for contemporary Filipino music

Basil Valdez

Filipino Balladeer Do any of these songs ring a bell?

• You• Ngayon at Kailanman• Gaano Kadalas ang Minsan?• Hindi Kita Malilimutan• Lead Me Lord• Tanging Yaman• Hanggang Sa Dulo ng Walang Hanggan• Tuwing Umuulan at Kapiling Ka

Record of the Year awards, in addition to a string of other awards. In 1991 Valdez was conferred the Tanglaw ng Lahi Award by the Ateneo de Manila University.

Freddie Aguilar• Bayan Ko

Bayan Ko- sung during People Power• Anak Folk Vocal Performance of the Year from the Cecil Awards

in 1985.

Rey Valera Singer/Composer

• Composed songs for Sharon Cuneta, Mr. DJ (most popular)

• Pangako Sa ‘Yo• Kahit Maputi na ang Buhok Ko. • It made remarkable sales on the chart. Rey made songs for other artists such as Rico

Puno's Sorry Na, Pwede Ba, Daigdig Ng Ala-ala; Geraldine’s Pangako; Pol Enriquez’ Ayoko na Sa ‘Yo and many more.

1982 Presidential Award as King of Tagalog Songs, Entertainer of the Year (1982 and 1983), and Most Outstanding Recording Artist and Most Popular Singer/Entertainer (1983).

APO Hiking Society (Apolinario Mabini Hiking Society)• Started with 13 members• Jim Paredes, Boboy Garovillo and Danny Javier.• Principal adherent of the musical movement termed Original

Pilipino Music (a.k.a. OPM), a milieu in which their original musical contributions and cultural influence became essential.

Myx Magna Award, 2nd Myx Music Awards 2007 Tanglaw Ng Lahi Award, Jesuits Communications Foundation, Inc. 1994 Lifetime Achievement Award, Awit Awards Lifetime Achievement

Award, 1st PMPC Star Awards for Music 2009

OPMBetween the 1980's and the 1990's singers:• Sharon Cuneta, • Regine Velasquez, • Randy Santiago, • Janno Gibbs, • Ogie Alcasid, • Donna Cruz, • Lea Salonga, • Snooky Serna, • Raymond Lauchengco, • Francis Magalona, • Ariel Rivera and • Gary Valenciano

• Songs like Urong Sulong, Di Bale Na Lang, ‘Wag Mo Na Sanang Isipin are frequently heard and listened to, even on FM stations.

• On July 25, 1987, President Corazon Aquino signed the Executive Order No. 255 as a law to play hourly OPMs on every FM station effectively and stations like DZOO, DWLS and others produced OPM songs mainly include Pinoy OPM disco-style dance and easy listening to shape-up Filipino culture as well. Christmas songs are also frequently listened every Christmas.

Shared VoiceGrace Nono• For the past fifteen years, Grace studied sung

oral traditions from Philippine elders, infusing these with her own contemporary voice and spirit to advance issues of living identity, women’s rights, and indigenous spirituality.

She has been a featured artist at the House of World Cultures in Berlin,

Mercat de les Flors in Barcelona and Circulo de Bellas Artes in Madrid,

the Music Village Festival in London, the Lincoln Center’s La Casita Festival in the US,

concerts in Paris and Monte Carlo, WOMAD in Yokohama, the Exposition on Nature’s Wisdom in Aichi,

the Asian Fantasy Orchestra tours of New Delhi, Bombay, Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka, Miyazaki, Bangkok, Vientiane, Yangon, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh,

the Hong Kong Asian Arts Festival, the National Museum of Singapore

and the Singapore Arts Festival, performances and conferences in Huairou, Bangkok, Jakarta, Nanning, Shanghai, Seoul, Penang, Taipei, New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Diego, Chicago, and many different parts of the Philippines.

• Her book, The Shared Voice: Chanted and Spoken Narratives from the Philippines (ANVIL Publishing, Fundacion Santiago) won in the 28th National Book Awards, Arts category. She is also currently working on a second book on the music of the Philippine babaylan (Visayan/Philippine shaman). In collaboration with composer Bob Aves, Grace has produced an audio and print series on Philippine oral traditions and instrumental music, which are being used by a number of teachers and students in the study of Philippine music, arts and culture. Grace herself has taught Philippine Traditional Arts at the University of the Philippines-Diliman, and Philippine Oral History at Miriam College.

• The summation of over fifteen years of sustained interaction with Filipino oralists and personal practice of a number of Philippine oral traditions, it is the fruit of the journey toward self-understanding and meaning for those who may recognize their voices in this rich and diverse material. A book that echoes the life journeys and insights of ten Filipino oralists from different Philippine ethnolinguistic groups in Luzon and Mindanao; oralists who cut across lines of faith, gender, class, and generation.

References• http://www.opm.org.ph/registry/artist_profile.php?artist_id=176]• http://www.gracenono.com/gracenono/book.html• http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Main_Page• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=coxpEXVCRtc