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Musculoskeletal System Musculoskeletal System

Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

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Page 1: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

Musculoskeletal SystemMusculoskeletal System

Page 2: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

Common namesCommon names

Page 3: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

Vocabulary Lesson 2Vocabulary Lesson 2

1. 1. skeletonskeleton – the framework of – the framework of connected bones in your bodyconnected bones in your body

2. 2. bonebone – is an organ of the skeletal – is an organ of the skeletal system that stores mineralssystem that stores minerals

3. 3. bone marrowbone marrow – soft tissue inside – soft tissue inside a bone that makes blood cells and a bone that makes blood cells and stores fatstores fat

Page 4: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

4. 4. cartilage cartilage – the tissue between – the tissue between the bones in your movable joints the bones in your movable joints

5. 5. jointjoint – is a place where two or – is a place where two or more bones meetmore bones meet

6. 6. ligament ligament – connects bones – connects bones together at jointstogether at joints

7. 7. tendon tendon – attaches muscles to – attaches muscles to bonesbones

Page 5: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

8. 8. Osteoporosis Osteoporosis – a disease in which – a disease in which the bones become weakerthe bones become weaker

9. 9. arthritis arthritis – painful joints– painful joints

10. 10. voluntary muscles voluntary muscles – muscles – muscles you have control overyou have control over

11. 11. involuntary muscles involuntary muscles – muscles – muscles you do not have control overyou do not have control over

Page 6: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

1. What is your Skeletal System?1. What is your Skeletal System?

a. The skeleton is the a. The skeleton is the framework to framework to hold you uphold you up and and protect organsprotect organs

– b. More than 200 bones – b. More than 200 bones – 206206 as as an adultan adult

Page 7: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

– c. Almost every bone is connected to c. Almost every bone is connected to another bone by a jointanother bone by a joint

i. i. LigamentsLigaments hold two bones together hold two bones together at jointsat joints

ii. Joints also allow bones to moveii. Joints also allow bones to move

iii. iii. TendonsTendons attach muscles to bones attach muscles to bones

Page 8: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

–d. types of bones – d. types of bones – long, short, flat, long, short, flat, irregularirregular

Page 9: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

2. Bone and joints2. Bone and joints

2. Bone and joint development2. Bone and joint development– a. a. cartilage cartilage between bones in movable between bones in movable

joints, keeps bones from grinding togetherjoints, keeps bones from grinding together– b. soft flexible tissue when you are a baby, b. soft flexible tissue when you are a baby,

as you get older it hardens and becomes as you get older it hardens and becomes bone tissue as minerals, such as calcium, bone tissue as minerals, such as calcium, build up in the bonebuild up in the bone

Page 10: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

– c. types of joints – fixed, slightly c. types of joints – fixed, slightly moveable, and synovial (ball and moveable, and synovial (ball and socket, hinge, gliding, pivot, and socket, hinge, gliding, pivot, and saddle) saddle)

– d. d. OsteoporosisOsteoporosis – is a disease in which – is a disease in which the bones become weakerthe bones become weaker

– e. e. ArthritisArthritis – is irritation of the joints, – is irritation of the joints, painful jointspainful joints

Page 11: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

JointsJoints

Page 12: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

3. What is your muscular system?3. What is your muscular system?

– a. Made up of all your musclesa. Made up of all your muscles– b. Movement occurs by b. Movement occurs by contractingcontracting the the

muscle (length shortens)muscle (length shortens)– c. Some muscles stretch across c. Some muscles stretch across

movable jointsmovable joints

Page 13: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

– d. Connection of bone to muscle = d. Connection of bone to muscle = tendonstendons, bone to bone = , bone to bone = ligamentsligaments

– e. Muscles only e. Muscles only pullpull, not push – helped , not push – helped by working in pairs - ex: bicep and by working in pairs - ex: bicep and triceptricep

When one contracts, the other relaxesWhen one contracts, the other relaxes

– f. muscles you have control over are f. muscles you have control over are voluntaryvoluntary – EX: moving your arm to – EX: moving your arm to catch a ball, muscles that you do not catch a ball, muscles that you do not have control over are have control over are involuntaryinvoluntary – EX: – EX: heart beatingheart beating

Page 14: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal
Page 15: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal
Page 16: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

4. Kinds of muscles4. Kinds of musclesSkeletal muscleSkeletal muscle – muscles that is – muscles that is attached to bones, when they contract attached to bones, when they contract they pull on bones causing bone they pull on bones causing bone movement movement Smooth muscleSmooth muscle – is muscle that forms – is muscle that forms some internal organs, contraction of this some internal organs, contraction of this type of muscles pushes materials type of muscles pushes materials through the organthrough the organCardiac muscleCardiac muscle – is muscle that forms – is muscle that forms the heartthe heart

Page 17: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

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Musculoskeletal problemsMusculoskeletal problemsOsteoporosis - weakening of the bone Osteoporosis - weakening of the bone caused by low calcium or lack of weight caused by low calcium or lack of weight bearing exercise bearing exercise

Arthritis - Painful joint inflammation - Arthritis - Painful joint inflammation - medication and physical therapymedication and physical therapy

Osteoarthritis - arthritis caused by aging - Osteoarthritis - arthritis caused by aging - joint replacement, medicationjoint replacement, medication

Scoliosis - curvature of the spine - exercise Scoliosis - curvature of the spine - exercise or a braceor a brace

Sprain (injury to ligaments) vs. strain Sprain (injury to ligaments) vs. strain (overstretching and possible torn muscle) (overstretching and possible torn muscle) - RICE (rest, ice, compression and - RICE (rest, ice, compression and elevation)elevation) 1717

Page 18: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

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Muscular Dystrophy - genetic disease Muscular Dystrophy - genetic disease leading to muscular weakness and leading to muscular weakness and sometimes destruction of muscle tissue - sometimes destruction of muscle tissue - no cure, physical therapyno cure, physical therapy

Inguinal hernia - intestine bulges through Inguinal hernia - intestine bulges through abdominals - surgeryabdominals - surgery

Muscle cramp - sudden and painful muscle Muscle cramp - sudden and painful muscle contraction - stretch, potassiumcontraction - stretch, potassium

Tendinitis - inflammation of a tendon Tendinitis - inflammation of a tendon caused by aging or excessive exercise or caused by aging or excessive exercise or improper form during activity - rest, anti-improper form during activity - rest, anti-inflammatory medication, avoid overuseinflammatory medication, avoid overuse

Shin splints - muscle tearing away from Shin splints - muscle tearing away from the bone - rest, ice, pain medsthe bone - rest, ice, pain meds 1818

Page 19: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

Review Lesson 2Review Lesson 2Review – Lesson 2Review – Lesson 2

What are the 2 main jobs for your What are the 2 main jobs for your skeleton?skeleton?

What are the 4 types of bones and give What are the 4 types of bones and give an example of each type?an example of each type?

What is a joint and name one typeWhat is a joint and name one type

What is the difference between tendons What is the difference between tendons and ligaments?and ligaments?

What is cartilage and where is it found?What is cartilage and where is it found?

Page 20: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

2020

How do your muscles make your How do your muscles make your bones move?bones move?

List the 3 kinds of muscles and List the 3 kinds of muscles and describe their functions.describe their functions.

Name one problem of the skeletal Name one problem of the skeletal system and its treatment or system and its treatment or preventionprevention

Name one problem of the muscular Name one problem of the muscular system and its treatment or system and its treatment or preventionprevention

2020

Page 21: Musculoskeletal System. Common names Vocabulary Lesson 2 1. skeleton – the framework of connected bones in your body 2. bone – is an organ of the skeletal

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1. Hold you upright and protect your 1. Hold you upright and protect your organsorgans

2. Long (humerus, femur); Short 2. Long (humerus, femur); Short (patella, carpals, tarsals); Irregular (patella, carpals, tarsals); Irregular (pelvis, vertebrae); Flat (skull, ribs)(pelvis, vertebrae); Flat (skull, ribs)

3. A joint is where 2 or more bones 3. A joint is where 2 or more bones connect ... ball and socket = hip and connect ... ball and socket = hip and shoulder; hinge = knee and elbowshoulder; hinge = knee and elbow

4. Tendons connect muscle to bone 4. Tendons connect muscle to bone and ligaments connect bone to boneand ligaments connect bone to bone

5. Cartilage is found at the ends of 5. Cartilage is found at the ends of many bones and the tips of nose and many bones and the tips of nose and earsears 2121

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6. Muscles contract (pull) and 6. Muscles contract (pull) and because each end of the muscle is because each end of the muscle is attached to a different bone, it pulls attached to a different bone, it pulls the bones closer togetherthe bones closer together

7. Skeletal muscles are attached to 7. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones and create movement; bones and create movement; Smooth muscles make up many Smooth muscles make up many internal organs such as the stomach internal organs such as the stomach and intestines and help move food and intestines and help move food through the digestive system; through the digestive system; Cardiac muscle is the muscle found Cardiac muscle is the muscle found in the heart that pushes blood in the heart that pushes blood through the bodythrough the body 2222